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INDONESIA
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
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Core Subject : Engineering,
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Articles 3,145 Documents
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Pengeringan Bengkuang Dengan Sistem Pengeringan Beku Vakum (Vacuum Freeze Drying System) S, Awal Januari; Martin, Awaludin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

One of the areas in Riau Province which produce commodity of yam bean is Bukit Payung Village, District of Bangkinang Seberang. Endurance of fresh yam bean is not longer in time, marketing can not spread and low resale value. It required a technology of post-harvest processing to overcome these problems of yam bean. In this study conducted by preservation using vacuum freeze drying method. The amis of these studies are to produce a vacuum freeze drying machine of yam bean; dry yam bean to 90% moisture content lost; studied the effect of vacuum freeze drying process to  the  characteristics  of  vacuum freeze-drying.  The methods used in this research are design methods and experimental methods. Vacuum freeze drying machine of yam bean was successfully made according to the needs of vacuum freeze drying and in accordance with the draft. Based on the test results it can be concluded that the maximum content of water lost  62% is carried by the rapid freezing method. Based on the material  phase change  in  testing, the best method for  the sublimation process is  by kept temperature constant at -5oC. Keywords: vacuum freeze drying, moisture, temperatur, yam bean.
Analisis Efisiensi Jumlah Blade Pada Prototype Turbin Angin Venturi Silalahi, Yosef John Kenedi; Kurniawan, Iwan
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The utilization of wind energy as electricity energy source is very limited in Indonesia. It is happened because velocity and wind direction that change. So it needs wind turbine that can be accommodate it, in particular during low wind velocity. Wind turbine  that made and researched is prototype of ventury wind turbine. It is very suitable to be used for low wind velocity with high rotation velocity. In addition, it also minimum of buzzing thas’s producted by wind turbine. This study has discussed about influence of twist angle variation of blade 300 and 450, blade quantity (3 blades, 4 blades, 5 blades and 6 blades) with wind velocity (2 m/s, 3 m/s, 4 m/s, 5 m/s) to shaft rotation of wind turbine prototype and tip speed ratio (TSR). The results showed that, in 3 m/s – 4 m/s wind velocity highest rotation of wind turbine shaft is compared with another variation has done, it found in wind turbine with 3 blades and 300 twist angle, they are 190 rpm and 311 rpm. In 5 m/s wind velocity, shaft rotation velocity of prototype of wind turbine 3 blades and 450 twist angle is the highest, 385 rpm. Meanwhile, in 2 m/s wind velocity, ventury wind turbine prototype with 6 blades and 450 twist angle has rotation velocity on highest shaft, it is 52 rpm. Keywords: Ventury wind turbine, twist angle, rotation shaft, TSR
Kaji Pembuatan Kanvas Rem Sepeda Motor Bahan Komposit Dengan Filler Palm Slag Frandi Barasa; Muftil Badri; Yohanes Yohanes
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Brake  pads have a very important role to become a major factor in driving safety.  Brake quality depends on the constituent materials. Palm slag is one that has potential as a filler material for composite brake. Manufacture of brake pads in this study using the palm slag as a filler, phenolic resin as a binder, steel powder as reinforcing, graphite as a lubricant, alumina as an abrasive. In the manufacture of brake pads remains composition of materials used to variation the compacting and sintering temperature. This study will examine the wear rate and hardness in the brake pads against the brake commercial reference. Brake pads are made with palm slag initial compacting varied  is 190 Bar and 380 bar and then proceed with the final compacting of 450 bar ± 2 minutes. Brake pads that have been heated to a temperature of 1500C using the heater. Brake  pads  that have been  sintered variations to 1500C and 1700C. Brake pads that have sintered be tested for wear and hardness. Brinell hardness testing to get the highest hardness in the brake B is 15.35 BHN (kgf/mm2) commercial brake approaching violence. In dry conditions the wear testing found the smallest wear is approaching commercial brake brake B is equal to 4777 x 10-6 g/mm2.seconds with a  braking  time of 15.33 seconds and shortest braking distance is 63 meters. Keywords: Brake pads, palm slag, composite, sintering, compaction
Pengaruh Kadar Filler Abu Sawit (Ukuran Direduksi) Dan Temperatur Pencampuran Terhadap Morfologi Dan Sifat Komposit Polipropilen/karet Alam Melda Helena S; Bahruddin Bahruddin; Ahmad Fadli
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Morphology and properties of composites PP/NR is influenced by the condition of the rawmaterial mixing process between the phase and compatibility. The purpose of this study was toinvestigated the effect of blend content filler fly ash and mixing temperature on morphology andmechanical properties of polypropylene (PP)/NR composite. Filler size is reduced by MechanicalMilling process until the filler size ≤ 700 nm. Variation of blend kontent fly ash (reducted particlesize) 30, 40, 50 and 60 phr were studied in order to determine the optimum content of fly ash(reducted particle size). The rubber compound  has been made by two roll mill at ambienttemperature and 20 rpm rotor speed. Dynamic vulcanization was done on internal mixer at variousmixing temperature 170 oC, 175 oC, 180 oC , and 185 oC. Rotor speed on internal mixer at 60 rpm.The mechanical properties was done by Universal Testing Machine (UTM) and the morphologywas examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The optimum result was found at thecontent of fly ash (reducted particle size) 40 phr and the optimum temperature  was 175oC. The bestmechanical properties was given on tensile strength 4,3 MPa, elongation at break 28,1 % and modulus elastic 104,2 MPa.Keywords: ash oil, composites PP / NR, mechanical properties, natural rubber,  polypropylen.
Pengaruh Kadar Asam Stearat,Mercaptodibenzothiazyldisulfide (MBTS) Dan Sulfur Terhadap Sifat Dan Morfologi Thermoset Rubber Dengan Filler Carbon Black-Abu Terbang Sawit Mery Christina; Bahruddin Bahruddin; Zuchra Helwani
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2014
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Abstract

Crude palm oil wastes in the form of fly ash is potentially use as filler for thermoset rubber because it contains silica. This study aims to increase the mechanical and morphological properties of thermoset rubber which filled with mixture of carbon black and fly ash with particles size screened to 700-800nm. Stearic Acid, MBTS and sulfur contents were used 1; 2; 3 phr (per hundred rubber), 0.5; 1; 1.5 phr and 0.5; 1.5; 3 phr respectively. Rubber mastication process performed by a roll mill at room temperature and roll speed of 20 rpm until the texture is smooth and soft, then added minarex as a plasticizer, nanofiller, and other additives, such as ZnO as an activator, stearic acid as a co-activator, as antidegradant TMQ, MBTS as an accelerator and sulfur as a curative agent. Rubber mastication performed by a roll mill at room temperature and roll speed of 20 rpm. The overall duration of the manufacture of compound ±45 minutes. Vulcanization process using a hot press at a pressure of 200 kgf/cm2 and a temperature of 150 oC. Results showed that increased levels of stearic acid, MBTS and sulfur  is directly proportional to the tensile strength,  but yield elongation at break are varied. The best thermoset rubber in this study were obtained on samples having content of  stearic acid 3 phr, MBTS 1.5 phr and sulfur 3 phr with tensile strength values 19,05 MPa, 774.394 % elongation at break, hardness 52±5 shore A, abration 0,074 mm3/kg and 1,28% water absorption percentage. Keywords: carbon black, natural rubber, palm oil mill fly ash, vulcanizate
Pengaruh Variasi Kecepatan Pengadukan Terhadap Hasil Pada Pembuatan Asam Oksalat Dari Bahan Dasar Ampas Tebu Nababan, Febrina; Zultiniar, Zultiniar; Herman, Syamsu
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Bagasse is a waste from the processing of sugar cane into sugar. The growing number of bagasse quantitatively into environmental problems that require attention and special handling. Bagasse contains cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Cellulose which contained in bagasse can be processed into useful products as oxalic acid by smelting with sodium hydroxide. Oxalic acid manufacturing process started from bagasse smelting mesh size of 40 by 15 grams with NaOH 4N for 75 minutes with a melting temperature of 180 °C and a long time stirring 20 minutes with stirring speed variations were 300, 400, 500 and 600 rpm. This research showed that 4.333 % yield of oxalic acid was produced at 600 rpm. Also, it indicated the stirring speed did not influence the oxalic acid yield. Keywords: Bagasse, cellulose, oxalic acid, sulfate acid, sodium hydroxide
Proteksi Katodik Metoda Anoda Tumbal Untuk Mengendalikan Laju Korosi S, Fitri Afriani
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Metal structures are more increasingly used in modern industry. The absence of control or pour control of the corrosion control system, metal structures directly related to the water will be succeptible to corrosion, prevention of corrosion in the marine environment based on the principle of cathodic protection is necessary. Principle of cathodic is protection system on metal surface by means of direct current adequate to the metal surface and convert all of the surface area of the anode becomes cathodic area. This research aims to study the effect of cathodic protection corrosion control, determine and choose the type of anode, size of anode, and number of anode the efficient in use to protect the corrosion. The research plan is conducted with take variation about type of anode such as aluminium mixture and zinc mixture, the size variation of anode and number of anode that are anode and two anode to protect one anode in sea water system and gambut water. Data processing is done by  using MPY calculation. In this research to decrease the corrosion rate of steel is better using two amounts of anode from aluminium mixture than using zink mixture in sea water media, similarly the gambut water. The corrosion rate of steel in sea water without cathodic protection is 4,5657 MPY and in gambut water is 3,9445 MPY. Corrosion rate could be decreased to 1,0511 MPY by using two amounts of aluminium mixture with surface area 49,6 cm2 and 1,7704 MPY using two amounts of zink mixture with surface area 49,6 cm2 in sea water and 0,6915 MPY using two amounts of aluminium mixture with surface area 49,6 cm2, and 1,0511 MPY using zink mixture with surface area 49,6 cm2 in gambut water. Keywords  : aluminium mixture,  cathodic protection, sacrificial anode, zink mixture
Pemanfaatan Zeolit Alam Sebagai Katalis Pada Tahap Transesterifikasi Pembuatan Biodiesel Dari Sawit Off Grade Sari ' Ulfayana; Syaiful ' Bahri; Zuchra ' Helwani
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Indonesia has abundance reserves of natural zeolite and hasn’t been used to the fullest purpose. Zeolite has many advantages, such as environmental friendly and economical properties of molecular sieves that could potentially be developed as a catalyst in the production of biodiesel from palm off grade. This study aims to produce biodiesel from low quality raw materials and determine the effectiveness of the process by looking at the effect of process conditions such as reaction temperature, molar ratio and catalyst concentration on the yield of biodiesel. The process of making biodiesel is done with a two-stage reaction that is esterification and transesterification reactions because the raw materials had a hight free fatty acid levels. Processing of the data in this study conducted by response surface methodology (RSM) using Design Expert 8.0 program, which is  experimental design  determined by central composite design (CCD), which consists of three variables. The highest biodiesel obtained as much as 97.79%-wt under the conditions, 60°C reaction temperature, 8:1 molar ratio and 3%-wt catalyst concentration. Characteristics of biodiesel produced will be analyze, that is density, kinematic viscosity, acid number and flash point, accordance to Indonesian biodiesel standards. Process conditions that give real effect on the yield of biodiesel produced is the reaction temperature and catalyst concentration. Keywords  :  biodiesel, esterification, natural zeolite, palm off grade, transesterification.
Evaluasi Pressure Drop Pada Sumur Injeksi Uap Di Lapangan Duri Dengan Persamaan Beggs-Brill Dan Moody Ahmad Riadi S Hasibuan; Bahruddin Bahruddin; Ahmad Fadli
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Steam injection is a heat transfer process to petroleum reservoir through multiphase flow of wet steam. Estimating pressure drop in multiphase flow is more difficult than for single-phase flow. Multiphase flow is a complex phenomenon because of the interdependence of various variables that affecting pressure drop such as flow regime, hold up, flow geometry at horizontal, vertical or deviated, flow rate of each phase and the fluid properties of each phase. The purpose of this study is to find out the most appropriate model to calculate the pressure drop in steam injection wells and understand parameters that most affecting pressure drop. Research methodology for this study is descriptive analysis. Field data from 30 injection wells in Duri field are collected and compared with 2 variations of Beggs-Brill and Moody equation, which are the original model and the model with Palmer correction. Both models are translated into a simple computing program using Excel application. Calculation result from the model is compared with the measurement results to understand the deviation or error. As the result of this study, it is shown that Beggs-Brill and Moody model without Palmer correction is suitable for steam injection application. Average error is only 0,2% with a standard deviation of 3,32%. Further information is obtained from the sensitivity analysis that the accuracy of pressure drop calculation is affected by measurement accuracy of the steam flow rate, steam quality and steam temperature. Keyword: Beggs and Brill correlation, Moody diagram, Palmer correction, pressure drop, steam injection.
Evaluasi Pressure Drop Pada Sumur Injeksi Uap Di Lapangan Duri Dengan Persamaan Beggs-Brill Dan Moody Ahmad Riadi S Hasibuan; Bahruddin Bahruddin; Ahmad Fadli
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Steam injection is a heat transfer process to petroleum reservoir through multiphase flow of wet steam. Estimating pressure drop in multiphase flow is more difficult than for single-phase flow. Multiphase flow is a complex phenomenon because of the interdependence of various variables that affecting pressure drop such as flow regime, hold up, flow geometry at horizontal, vertical or deviated, flow rate of each phase and the fluid properties of each phase. The purpose of this study is to find out the most appropriate model to calculate the pressure drop in steam injection wells and understand parameters that most affecting pressure drop. Research methodology for this study is descriptive analysis. Field data from 30 injection wells in Duri field are collected and compared with 2 variations of Beggs-Brill and Moody equation, which are the original model and the model with Palmer correction. Both models are translated into a simple computing program using Excel application. Calculation result from the model is compared with the measurement results to understand the deviation or error. As the result of this study, it is shown that Beggs-Brill and Moody model without Palmer correction is suitable for steam injection application. Average error is only 0,2% with a standard deviation of 3,32%. Further information is obtained from the sensitivity analysis that the accuracy of pressure drop calculation is affected by measurement accuracy of the steam flow rate, steam quality and steam temperature. Keyword: Beggs and Brill correlation, Moody diagram, Palmer correction, pressure drop, steam injection.

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