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Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering
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Articles 3,145 Documents
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Stabilisasi Tanah Lempung Menggunakan Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) Charles AN; Ferry Fatnanta; Muhardi Muhardi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Clays are soft soil which have a low bearing capacity and potentially to failure. Utilization of additive material is an one way that can be applied to stabilize the clay. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of using POFA which is a local available material as an one alternative in stabilizing the clay by increasing its bearing capacity. The research focused on the influence of the POFA percentage with CBR value and the value of Cu in the clay stabilization. The results showed that the increasing of POFA percentage and curing process resulted in the increasing CBR and Cu values.  The average increase in the value of CBR curing method 1 to CBR without curing by 0,07% at the top and the bottom of the CBR. whereas for the curing method 2 by 2,29% at the top of CBR and 2,41% at the bottom of CBR. For cu values, the average increase by 1,10 kPa for curing method 1, and 14.65 kPa for curing method 2. It shows an increase in the value of the bearing capacity of the clay.  Key Words: CBR value, cu value, clay, POFA.
Modifikasi Serta Pengujian Sistem Control Dan Sistem Swing Model Excavator Anang Suhandi; Nazaruddin Nazaruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

One of the heavy equipment that play role in development projects is the excavator. Excavator can perform construction work such as digging, breaking, loading and so on. Laboratory of Hydraulics and Pneumatics Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Riau has produced a model excavator using pneumatic system, support on a controller box, equipped with buttons setting and motion rotary swing 120o. The research has modifications control system, remove control box under the excavator and change to the remote system. Motion rotary swing system has changed from 120o to 360o. The purpose is all movements similar in general excavator. The result, excavator model using power 12V DC the control system and compressed air drive pneumatic system. The results of testing control system work to properly, the rotary motion of the swing system 360o and use electrical voltage 7,5V will have speed 13,598 rpm, so swing motion from the excavator model similar in general.  Kata kunci : control,excavator, remote, swing
Perancangan Dan Pembuatan Komponen Undercarriage Pada Model Excavator Di Laboratorium Hidraulik Dan Pneumatik Universits Riau Kiki Gunawan; Nazaruddin Nazaruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Excavator is units of the heavy equipment that serves the physical development sectors such as mining excavations in the area , establishing or expanding roads and expand agricultural land and other physical development . One part of the excavator that has a very large role in the undercarriage . Undercarriage is a component of the heavy equipment that serves as a driver and has a track drive right and left track drive . This research was conducted with the aim to make modeling as excavators in general by using materials available in the market . Next calculate the speed , direction of turn with a different variation of the track ( ceramic , asphalt , soil ) and the maximum tilt angle that can be achieved by the excavator . From the test data and calculations have been carried out with 3 times the gear reduction is obtained without load speed excavator bucket is 0.25 m / s while using a load of 1.5 kg bucket excavator speed is 0.24 m / s at the track ceramics . While the direction of maximum inflection occurs on the track with a diameter ceramic to turn right for 995 mm and 782 mm turn left . At the maximum angle of incline can be obtained at 10 degrees .  Key Word : excavator, undercarriage
Karakteristik Pull - Out Resistance Tulangan Sebagai Perkuatan Pada Tanah Lempung Said Defri Ariandi; Ferry Fatnanta; Muhardi Muhardi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Ground improvement by using reinforcement developed rapidly in recent decades. Since it was first introduced by Vidal (1966), this method is suitable to reduced the deformation of both lateral and vertical deformation. Clay materials used because of its availabilityand lower cost, clay have shown good performance as embankment, and for the reinforcement material using 10 mm steel bar. This laboratory-scale test prepared at two dry side water content, two wet side water content and optimum water content (OMC), while the pullout resistance from longitudinal reinforcement. Pullout resistance reinforcement would be highest when the water content of clay are in optimum condition, adhesi is the dominant force in this pullout resistance test. Keywords: Pullout resistance, water content, reinforcement
Pengaruh Variasi Suhu Dan Durasi Pembakaran Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton Pasca Bakar Juhariadi Juhariadi; Andre Novan; Alex Kurniawandy
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The significant change of temperature as in the event of fire will have an impact on concrete structures, cracked at the surface of structure, damage / collapse, and discoloration. This research was carried out on samples of concrete cubes K350 with the size of 15 cm x 15 cm x 15 cm. Combustion also was carried out at 600 °C, 800 °C, and 1000 °C temperatures with holding time for 0.5 , 1 , 1.5 , dan 2 hours. The cooling process is done by allowed to stand for 24 hours at room temperature. The test results were obtained at the temperature of at 600 °C, 800 °C, and 1000 °C compressive strength decreased by 6.26%-26.30%, 11.99%-34.53%, and 23.08%-66.37. This research shows that the highest of temperatures gives a greater impact on reduction of concrete compressive strength and the concrete surface, compared with the increase of combustion duration. Through this research regression give equations that can be used to calculate the residual compressive strength of the other combution temperatures. Keywords : fire, compressive strength, porosity, temperature, duration
Analisa Efektivitas Model GR4j Guna Pengalihragaman Hujan Menjadi Debit (Studi Kasus : DAS Siak Hulu) Ega Riana Tovani; Manyuk Fauzi; Imam Suprayogi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

On this studyto review the rainfall-runoff modeling of GR4J (Ge'nie Rurala`4parame`tres Journalier) on Watershed (DAS) Siak hulu. In this study using two methods:by modeling GR4J and length of the data elaboration method for calibration and verification. This GR4J models using input data including daily data of rainfall at the Petapahan baru stationand daily data of evapotranspiration potential is the result of a program CropWat within input data is climatological data at Pasar Kampar stations, modeling results is tested using daily data of discharge observations on the Pantai Cermin station. This modeling to optimize four free parameters such as Maximum Capacity Production Store(X1), Coefficient Changes in Ground water(X2), Maximum Capacity Routing Store(X3), and Peak Time Ordinate unit hydrograph (X4). In the second method, performed of calibration in certainly year and verification in thereafther. As a determinant of the model’s success is use dequation NashSutcliffe Coefficient (R2) and the correlation coefficien tmethod(R) to calculate the deviation occurs. Keywords:GR4J,Calibration, verification.
Pemilihan Metode Intensitas Hujan Yang Sesuai Dengan Stasiun Hujan Pekanbaru Febrira Ulya Astuti; Andy Hendri; Yohanna Lilis Handayani
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The rainfall intensity is the depth of water per unit time. Rainfall intensity can also be approached by using methods of Mononobe, Van Breen, Haspers Weduwen and Bell Tanimoto. The result of those methods would be compared with intensity of ARR data. The research was conducted to the Siak basin at Pekanbaru rainfall station. Error square mean root peak-weight test would be applicated to calculate the deviation. The result of this research showed that Haspers Weduwen and Van Breen method fitted the observed ARR data. The return period years of 2, and 5 resulted in rainfall intensity 6,4219 and 7,9265 by using error square mean root peak-weighted test. Rainfall intensity for the return period is the method of Haspers Weduwen. The return period years of 10, 25, 50 and 100 resulted in rainfall intensity 8,3962; 14,6991; 20,9080 dan 27,7208 by using error square mean root peak-weighted test. And rainfall intensity for the return period is the method of Van Breen. In general, the method according to the station data Pekanbaru is the method of Van Breen. Because it has an average error smallest than the other methods.  Keywords: Rainfall intensity, Mononobe, Van Breen, Haspers Weduwen, Bell Tanimoto, peak weighted root mean square error test.
Konversi Nila Nipah (Nypa Fruticans Wurmb) Menjadi Bio Oil Dengan Teknologi Pirolisis Menggunakan Katalis Ni/Lempung Muhammad Ismet; Syaiful Bahri; Yusnimar Yusnimar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Fuel oil is a natural resource, due that needsare very important. Fuels are nonrenewable energy sources. Bio-oil is one of thealternative energy solutions that can be used as a subtitute for petroleum. Riau province has palm plantation area of 75459.26 Ha and is also rich in natural resources such as the potential of natural clay. Bio-oil can be produced from a palm frond by using pyrolisis process with catalyst Ni/clay. This study aimed to determine the effect of the catalyst Ni/clay variation toward the biomass, the influence of variations developing of metal toward clay and characterization of physical and chemical properties to the yield of bio-oil product. in this study the pyrolisis process carried out at a temperature of 320°C, 500 ml silinap, biomass 50 grams with the size of -100+200 mesh sieve and the variatio of catalyst Ni/clay by 0,4%, 0,5%, 0,6% w/w to the biomass and Ni metal carrier variation 0f 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% w/w of the clay. The research product bio-oil 72.072% of yields in 0,6% of catalyst and 1% of metal. The result of the analysis of physical properties of bio-oil obtained is the 0.924 gr/ml density, 2.351 cSt viscosity, acid number 70.218 mg NaOH/gr sample and 50°C flash point. Chemical properties analysis of bio-oil using GCMS (Gass Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy) on the use of catalyst 0,6% and metal 1%obtained five dominant chemical compound that is 2-Methylpropene 2.84%, 2,4,4-Trimethyl-1-pentene 3.84%, 2,2,4,4-Tetramethylpentane 6.78%, cyclohexane,1bromo-4-methyl 8.13% and 2,4,4-Trimethyl-2-penten 5.11%.   Keyword: Bio-oil, pyrolysis, sheath Nipah, catalyst Ni / clay, Yield.
Pengaruh Kecepatan Rotor Dan Konsentrasi Katalis Pada Pembuatan Biodiesel Dari Cpo Dengan Reaksi Esterifikasi Menggunakan Sentrifugal Kontaktor Gery Azhari Putera; Idral Amri; Silvia Reni Yenti
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Fuel needed for diesel engines in Indonesia each year increased along with the number of industrial machinery and the amount of diesel vehicles engine. With limited oil reserves, it is necessary to look for alternative sources of energy. Centrifugal contactor technology is one of the alternative technology of biodiesel production is very likely to be developed. Therfore, we need a study of biodiesel production using palm oil feedstock and methanol as reagent and sulfuric acid as a catalyst by using the esterification reaction. And this study used centrifugal contractors as the main equipment, which is equipped with a heater, raw material tank, product tank and pumps. Fixed variables selected in this study is the reaction time of 120 minutes, the molar ratio of feed is 9:1, and 60 ° C operating temperature. While the manipulated variable is rotor speed (1200, 1800 and 2400 rpm), the concentration of sulfuric acid catalyst (5%, 10% and 15% v/v methanol). The results of the research that has been done is the characteristics of biodiesel produced in this study, the kinematic viscosity values from 2,41 to 2,51 mm2/s, density 858-863 kg/m3, and acid number 6,30 to 6,66 mg-KOH/g. The composition of the methyl ester obtained is 0,33% behenic metyl ester, 48,87% palmitic methyl ester and 50,80% oleic methyl ester. The best conversion is 56,03% at the optimum operating conditions with a catalyst concentration of sulfuric acid 10% v/v methanol and the rotor speed of 2400 rpm. Correlation of rotor speed on reaction rate constant is k = 0,0002Re(0,1928) . And the relationship of the catalyst concentration the reaction rate constant is k = 0,0055[Q] 0,089.          Keywords: CPO, Centrifugal Contactors, Biodiesel, Esterification Reaction
Perengkahan Katalitik Palm Fatty Acid Distillate Menjadi Biofuel Menggunakan Katalis Fly Ash Sawit Widya Pangestu; Yelmida Yelmida; Zultiniar Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
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Abstract

Palm fly ash is a solid waste from process of shell and fiber burning. Palm fly ash have many component such as potassium, sodium, and silica, that make it can to be use as a catalyst. Palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) is a byproduct from process of making cooking oil. PFAD potentially to used to produce biofuel with catalytic cracking process because it has a long hydrocarbons chain.  This study aims to utilize PFAD to be raw material of making biofuel with palm fly ash as a catalyst, as well as to know component of biofuel produced. This research was conducted into two stages, namely preparation of catalyst and process of cracking. Cracking reaction carried out in a stirred tank reactor at a variation of temperature 370-4300C, variation of ratio feed/catalyst 100-250:1 g. Cracking process carried out for 120 minutes. Yield maximum product obtained at a temperature of 4100 C with ratio feed/catalyst 150:1 g and catalyst dimension -60+100 mesh that is equal to 57,14 Cracking results analyzed by GC-MS and found the biofuel produced more dominant is a constituent of gasoline fuel.   Keywords : Biofuel, Fly ash Sawit, Catalytic Cracking, PFAD

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