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Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
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Articles 3,145 Documents
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Besaran Limbah Padat Industri Kelapa Sawit Di PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V (Persero) Sei Galuh Kabupaten Kampar Yulya Yulya; Aryo Sasmita; Shinta Elystia
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V (Persero) Sei Galuh is the palm oil industry that will result in the emission of particulate matter. One of the causes of the emergence of the particulate is boiler and incinerator. Boiler and incinerator is burning solid waste resulting from a processing oil palm activities, so it is necessary to know the pattern of distribution of the emissions from oil palm industry activities that are in PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V (Persero) Sei Galuh. This research is descriptive research method using Gaussian dispersion with a SCREEN View. The parameter is the number of solid waste oil palm. Data presented in the form tables. The amount of palm oil solid waste PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V (Persero) Sei Galuh which was burned in a boiler of 20,299,668 kg. While the amount of palm oil solid waste PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V (Persero) Sei Galuh which was burnt on an incinerator of 22,206,015 kg.Keywords: particulate, boilers, incinerators.
Evaluasi Harga Tarif Tol Berdasarkan Analisis Kelayakan Finansial (Studi Kasus: Jalan Tol Medan-Binjai) Galuh Rahmadyarto; Ari Sandhyavitri; Alfian Malik
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Initial tariff rates are generally based on financial calculations so that the initial tariff determination can be more than willingness or ability to pay from potential toll users. Economic analysis used in this research is the cost savings of vehicle operation, and time value saving. While the financial feasibility analysis is NPV, BCR, IRR, payback period and sensitivity analysis to the change of toll rate start. The result of financial analysis with the preliminary toll tariff is Rp 981.00 and the interest rate of 6.78%, these value indicates that the evaluation of the Medan-Binjai toll road tariff is financially feasible. While the sensitivity analysis result on toll tariff states that not all the toll tariff used in Medan-Binjai road tariff is financially feasible. Keywords : evaluation, tariff, highway, vehicle cost operating, finance, sensitivity analysis
Karakteristik Bioplastik Dari Komposit Limbah Cair Tahu (WHEY) Dan Serat Daun Nanas (Ananas Comosus) Dengan Hidrokoloid Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Inka Novela; Idral Amri; Irdoni HS
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
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Abstract

Bioplastics have different characteristics according to their raw materials. One of the raw materials that has the potential to be made into bioplastics is whey and pineapple fiber because it has high starch and cellulose content besides that it is easy to degrade. The general aim of this research are to study the impact of whey, pineapple leaf fiber and carboxymethyl cellulose in mechanical properties and morphology of bioplastic. The castingmethod in this research consist of whey, pineapple leaf fiber, and carboxymethyl cellulose with composisition of whey (10-50% v / v), composition of pineapple leaf fiber (1-3 gr), andcomposition of carboxymethyl cellulose (2.5-4.5% b / v). The analysis of bioplastic characterization are biodegradability, tensile strength, elongation, modulus young, tearstrength, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and hydrophobicity. The most react variable is the composition of pineapple leaf fiber followed by carboxymethyl cellulose and whey. Thebest process condition is found on bioplastic with composisition whey 30% v/v, pineapple leaf fiber 1 gr and carboxymethyl cellulose 3.5% b/v with the value is biodegradation time for 23days, tensile strength 15.85 MPa, elongation 18.24%, modulus young 86.9 MPa, tear strength strength 690.63 gf/mm and hydrophobicity 6.818%. Micrograf analysis shows thatfiller distribution is not equally on whey matrices and still has a clod.Keywords: bioplastic, cellulose, pineapple leaf fiber, whey
Perancangan Antena Metamaterial Superstrate Untuk Meningkatkan Gain Dan Bandwidth Pada Mimo Microstrip Patch Array Untuk Jaringan 5G Johanes Firdaus; Yusnita Rahayu
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2019
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In recent years, research on microstrip antennas is increasingly being develoved for the needs of inovations, performance, and better efficiency improvements in upcoming 5G wireless communication. Inthis research, a microstrip antenna is designed by using metamaterial superstrate which operates at 38 GHz communication to increase gain and bandwidth in antenna. The design have been simulated using CSTMicrowave Studio. The dimension used in the metamaterial superstrate layer are 4.8 × 10 mm. Simulation results show that the antenna design using the metamaterial superstrate can increase bandwidth up to 1.05GHz and gain increase up to 1.8 dBi. In this design, it was later design a MIMO 4×4 with patch distance of 1.98 mm and increase gain up to 5.2 dBi. The use of metamaterial superstrate techniques has the potential tobe used in various communication aplications.Keyword : Antenna, Gain, Metamaterial, Microstrip, Superstrate.
Karbonisasi Pelepah Sawit Dengan Variasi Temperatur Dan Waktu Karbonisasi Sitorus, Mesakh Fridolin; Komalasari, Komalasari; Helwani, Zuchra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 1 (2017): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2017
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Abstract

Palm fronds only used as a source of raw materials for animal feed, compost and organic fertilizer in the garden area so far. The heating value of palm fronds is 15,184 MJ/kg. The heating value can be improved by conducting carbonization process. Carbonization is a method to process biomass into solid fuel without oxygen where the temperature range is between 400-600 °C.The aim of this study is to produce a solid fuel from palm fronds by using carbonization process and studied the effect of variations in temperature (450-550 °C) and carbonization time (3-4 hours) on the quality of fuels from waste palm frond.Carbonization temperature used were 450, 500, 550oC, carbonization time used were 3, 3.5, 4hours. Particle size used were < 850 μm (20 mesh).The highest result of heating value was 27,177MJ/kg at 450oC for 3.5hours. The lowest result of volatile matter content was 7,01 %-wt at 550oC for 3hours. Significant process condition affecting the heating value was temperature and carbonization time.Keywords : Carbonization, Heating Value, Palm Frond, Volatile Matter
Optimasi Proses Karbonisasi Tandan Kosong Sawit Menggunakan Response Surface Methodology Putra, Bayu Eldino; Helwani, Zuchra; Fatra, Warman
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2017
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Abstract

Empty fruit bunches (EFB) is a source of biomass which has not been utilized optimally yet. EFB can be used as source of solid fuel in the form of charcoal because of its high calorific value 18,200.75 kJ / kg. The calorific value can be increased by carbonization. Carbonization is a process to convert lignoselulose biomass into charcoal within temperature range 300 – 600 °C in a limited oxygen environment. The purpose of this research is to utilize EFB as a source of solid fuel, to study the effect of process condition such as temperature, holding time, and feed size towards the characteristics of resulted charcoal and to optimize carbonization process from the data obtained. Reactor used for EFB carbonization is a tube furnace at operating conditions of temperature (350, 400 and 450 °C), holding time (90, 120 and 150 minutes) and feed size (2, 4 and 6 cm). Responses were analyzed, namely the calorific value and volatile matter by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Optimum conditions obtained are temperature 450 °C, holding time 90 minutes and feed size 6 cm with calorific value 28,106 kJ/kg and volatile matter 13.47 %. The most influential process variable for calorific value is temperature. Meanwhile for volatile matter, every process variables give significant effect.Keywords : Carbonization, Calorific Value, Empty Fruit Bunch, Optimization, RSM
Pengaruh Hambatan Samping Terhadap Kinerja Ruas Jalan Akibat Aktivitas Pasar Khairul Al Ikhlal; Sri Djuniati; Mardani Sebayang
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5, No 1 (2018): Wisuda April Tahun 2018
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Traffic problems that often happens in Pekanbaru is congestion, which are population growth and vihicles are not supported with traffic and infrastructure developments. Factor that cause this congestions is effect of side barriers that can reduce capacity of the roads Side obstacle factors are: pedestrians, vehicle stop / parking on the road, vehicle exit / entry road and slow vehicle. The study was conducted in three market locations by taking direct data of field, for traffic volume, side barrier and vehicle speed then analyzed by using Manual of Capacity of Road Indonesia (MKJI) 1997.Research result showed that traffic volume of Tuanku Tambusai street in front of Cik Puan market on east is 3092 smp/hour with a capacity of 3871 smp/hour, degree of saturation 0.80 and on west, traffic volume is 3034 smp/hour, with a capacity of 3871 smp/hour, degree of saturation is 0.78. H.R Subrantas street in front of Pasar Pagi Panam on east is 2250 smp/hour, with a capacity of 2915 smp/hour, degree of saturation is 0.77 and on west, traffic volume is 2275 smp/hour, with a capacity of 2915 smp/hour, degree of saturation 0.78 and Durian street in front of Palapa market, the traffic volume is 1929 smp/hour, with a capacity of 2581 smp/hour, degree of saturation is 0.75. Based on the result of contribution analysis of side barrier at the three research sites, that the most effective way is doing by omitting the sides obstale factor of vehicle out into the side of the road and side obstale factor vehicle parking/stop at the road body and vehicles in and out in the side of the road.Keywords: Side Barriers, Volume, Capacity, Market activity, Degree of Saturation .
Analisa Lintasan Robot Mekanisme Paralel Planar 3R Eka Setia Wahyudi; Syafri Syafri; Anita Susilawati
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
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Abstract

Robots are tools that can help alleviate human work [1]. Robots also have more functions than humans, such as having a high level of accuracy, have speed in completing the work, can do repetitive work in large quantities, and can reduce the cost of production. In this research, we evaluated the singular condition of a 3-dof RRR parallel robot prototype in order to have a trajectory planning in accordance with the design result. The trajectory Planning is done by considering kinematic constants by using the parameter of DH method and the Jacobi matrix. From the test results, the workingspace area that can be used for trajectory 3R parallel mechanism is in the range of 280 mm in the direction of X axis, 225 for mm Y axis direction, 240 mm in the direction of A and 215 mm for axis direction of the axis B.Keywords : Trajectory Planning, Parallel Mechanism, Parallel Robot, Workingspace, Singularity
Fermentasi Fermentasi Asam Asetat Dari Nira Nipah Menggunakan Acetobacter Pasteurianus Dengan Variasi Waktu Dan pH Awal Fermentasi Tantri Wilinda Julia; Chairul Chairul; Sri Rezeki Muria
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2019
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Indonesia has 23% of world’s mangrove ecosystems, add up to 3.489.140,68 hectares with nipah plants (Nypa Fruticans) as one of the largest. Nipah sap is one of the products obtained from young fruit bunches with high sugar content that providing an opportunity as an alternative raw material for the production of acetic acid. Acetic acid can be produced from sugary materials through a fermentation process using microorganisms. This study was taken up to evaluate the role of some paramaters like initial pH and incubation period on acetic acid production from nipah sap by two simultaneous stages of fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Acetobacter pasteurianus. Nipah sap after acid hydrolysis using 3 g/L oxalid acid were used as substrate for bio-ethanol production. Sugar contents of 417,71 g/L, temperature of 30°C, initial pH 4,5 and incubation period of 24 hours, inoculum of S.cerevisiae 10% (v/v) produced 10% (v/v) bio-ethanol. This medium were used as substrate to produced acetic acid using A.pasteurianus. Initial pH variation of 5, 5,5 and 6 and incubation period of 1,3 5, 7 and 9 days. The highest concentration of acetic acid obtained is 31,046 g/L and 30,56 %yield on the 5th day of acetic acid fermentation at the initial pH fermentation 5,5.Keywords: acetic acid, Acetobacter pasterian, fermentation, initial pH, nypa sap.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Oil Sludge Untuk Campuran Beraspal Jenis Lataston (Lapis Tipis Aspal Beton) Dengan Pengujian Marshall Putra, Gia Nugraha; Wibisono, Gunawan; Malik, Alfian
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 1 (2017): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2017
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Abstract

Riau Province is well-known for its petroleum industry. The exploration and production activities of the industry produce waste products which potentially contaminate the environment. One of the petroleum waste is oil sludge. Based on the PP 101 2014, oil sludge is categorized as hazardous and toxic waste (B3) that must be processed before disposal. This study aims to investigate the potential of oil sludge as a partial replacement of asphalt in Hot Rolled Sheet-Wearing Course (HRS-WC). In this study the variation of oil sludge addition was 0%, 4%, 6% and 8% of the weight of asphalt. The addition of oil sludge decreased the optimum asphalt content (OAC) and increased the unit weight of the asphalt concrete mixture. This is caused by the fine grains contained in the oil sludge. Based on the Marshall characteristics test results, the maximum allowable content of oil sludge that could be used was 4% with 6.43% of OAC and 1,231 kg of average stability value which satisfied the specifications of Bina Marga 2010 Revision 3.Keyword : oil sludge, asphalt concrete, HRS-WC, Specification of Bina Marga 2010 Revision 3

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