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Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
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Core Subject : Engineering,
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Articles 3,145 Documents
Perancangan Concave Plate Collector Sebagai Sistem Penyerap Solar Energy Jefri Ramadan; Awaludin Martin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Energy demand throughout the world is increasing gradually as a result of advances in science and technology. The fossil energy that have been used to met these needs have been decreasing and one day it will definitely run out. The increasing use of fossil fuels results in the production of CO2 emissions which always increase every year. Solar energy is energy that comes from sunlight, but the heat produced by this sunlight tends to be low, so to take advantage of this solar energy, technology is needed that can convert the heat temperature from that source, namely the solar collector. One of them is the concave plate collector, which will be used as a solar energy absorber system to be applied to the organic rankine cycle (ORC). The highest temperature reached for heating water is 56.6ºC, able to provide energy contribution of 43.4% of the total energy required with an organic rankine cycle efficiency of 4.489%.Keywords: concave plate collector, organic rankine cycle.
Analisis Awal Gerak Butiran Pada Transport Sedimen Material Gambut Yearni Yudika Friniati Putri; Sigit Sutikno; Muhammad Yusa
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 8 (2021): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2021
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Abstract

In addition to peatland fires and the conversion of peatland into plantations, a serious problem is the abrasion of peaty beaches. Abrasion is the result of sediment transport processes parallel to the shoreline(longshore sediment transport). Basically, the study of sediment transport begins by identifying the interacting properties of sediment and flow. The interaction in question is a condition where the flow beginsto cause the movement of the particles it passes through until a displacement occurs. The purpose of this research is to analyze the parameters resulting from theoretical calculations for peat material based on Shield theory. This research is a physical modeling without scale of the movement of particles in a channel.The initial process of sediment movement is simulated in a flume in the laboratory which has been given samples of peat sediment and sand sediment (as a comparison) at the bottom. Both samples are uniformgrains with 0.25 – 4.75 mm diameter. After the simulation is done, the results of the observation are compared with theoretical calculations. Based on calculations using the Shields theory, the shear stressvalues for peat sediments ranged from 0.124 – 1.523 N/m2 and shear velocity ranged from 0.011 – 0.039 m/s.Key words: Peat, Initiation motion, Shields Theory, Critical Shear Stress
Desain Turbin Pembangkit Listrik Energi Pasang Surut Di Wilayah Perairan Desa Bagan Siapi-api Kecamatan Rokan Hilir Riau Syaipul Azhar; Nurhalim Nurhalim
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2020
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Tidal energy is renewable energy. Its working principle uses water flow to turn turbin and produce electrical energy. This energy is obtained from variations in sea level caused by effects of moon’s gravity, which is combined with rotation of the earth by capturing energy contained transferly of water mass to tides. Kaplan turbine is a tool that can convert kinetic energy from water velocity, into motion energy. Analysis of Kaplan turbine performance using Compitational Fluid Dynamycs (CFD) simulation method, is the art to replace integral or Partial Derivative Equations, that explains fluid equation in algebraic form. This equation is solved numerically, to get the number of a strems at different points. Aerodynamic simulations on Kaplan turbines are carried out to determine the aerodynamic characteristics of designed Kaplan turbines. Data from Kaplan turbine aerodynamic simulation results are sufficient to meet the actual conditions, where tidal current velocity in this study site is 0.70 m/s to 1.60 m/s with head determined in various variations, namely 5.5m to 0.5m, produce turbine rotation of 7 RPM to 190 RPM with kinetic power of 3.5 kW to 1027 kW, and electrical power of 3.3 kW to 925 kW. With comparison of current speed from simulation results of 1.14 m/s to 4.41 m/s with head variations of 5.5 m to 0.5 m, resulting turbine rotation of 15 RPM to 525 RPM, with kinetic power of 6 kW to 2833 kW, and electrical power generated from 30 kW to 925 kW.Keywords: Aero Dynamycs Simulation, CFD, Energy Generation, Kaplan Turbine Design, Tides.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Proses Ekstraksi Silika Sebagai Adsorben Untuk Pengyisihan Zat Organik Pada Air Gambut Sarah Dwi Arini; Lita Darmayanti; Dewi Fitria
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2020
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Abstract

Palm Oil Fly Ash (POFA) is one of the solid wastes from the combustion of shells and palm fiber in the boiler. It is potential as an adsorbent because of its high silica content. Adsorption is one method that has the potential to remove color and organic matter substances in peat water. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of the ratio raw materials to solvents to the production of silica extracted from POFA and to determine the efficiency removal of Fe in peat water. The results of this study show the colors, organic substances and Fe in 1830 Pt/Co, 437,8 mg/l, and 0,07 mg/l. Keywords: Palm oil fly ash, silica, extraction, ratio of raw material to solvent, processing time, peat water, adsorption
Prarancangan Pabrik Dimetil Eter Dari TKS Dengan Proses Indirect Synthesis Dengan Disain Alat Utama Destilasi Metanol Muthia Anugerah Fitri; Panca Setia Utama
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 8 (2021): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2021
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Abstract

The use of LPG as a gas fuel is still needed by the community in various sectors, where in the future the needs of the community will increase as the industry progresses. One of the alternative fuels that can be developed as LPG substitution is Dimethyl Ether. Dimethyl Ether is produced through the process of synthesis and dehydration of methanol from natural gas. Natural gas is a natural resource that can not be renewed, so there are alternative raw materials that are renewable, one of which is empty palm bunches. The plant is planned to operate for 330 days per year and work continuously for 24 hours / day with a capacity of 50,000 tons / year to be established in Dumai, Riau. The main equipment design at the plant is methanol distillation operated at a pressure of 1 atm and feed temperature of 72,580C. Economic analysis of the plant's design shows that the ether dimethyl of empty palm bunches is feasible to be established with the profit the factory gets after tax is Rp. 90.354.036.131/year and payback period of 2,29 years Keywords : Dimethyl Ether, Economic Analysis, LPG, Natural Gas, Plant Design
Teknologi Membran Dalam Pengolahan Limbah Cair Industri Hermana Setti Tarigan; Jhon Armedi Pinem; Idral Amri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2020
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Membrane technology began to be developed at this time. The low energy needed in the operation of membrane technology is one of the triggers for this technology to develope. Stages of the process carried out is the process of coaguulation-flocculation to reduce membrane work and ultrafiltration processes with operating pressures of 1, 3, and 5 bars. The results obtained are the highest percentage of rejection UF membrane process obtained at a pressure of 5 bar that is equal to 84.92% BOD5; 84.71% COD; and 62.5% TSS with an average flux value of 53.69 L/m2.hour.Membrane-based processes with pressure thrust such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reserve osmosis have been widely used in water and wastewater treatment processes. The wastewater used in this study came from one of the pulp and paper industries. Keywords: Pulp and paper wastewater, Ultrafiltration, Coagulation, Flocculation, rejection
Kaji Numerik Pengaruh Bio-Based Lubricant Terhadap Ketebalan Lapisan Film Dan Tekanan Hidrodinamik Pada Journal Bearing Menggunakan Finite Difference Method Rijaluddin Farihd; Dedi Rosa Putra Cupu; Syafri Syafri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 8 (2021): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2021
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In journal bearings, there is a contact between the shaft and the bearing. The impact that occurs on these contacts is friction which causes wear on the bearing material. This research was conducted to see the effect of bio-based lubricants on the distribution of hydrodynamic pressure and the film thickness on the journal bearings. The numerical assessment was carried out for this study using one of the numerical methods, namely the finite difference method. The finite difference method is a method commonly used to solve the Reynolds equation in which this equation is used to calculate the pressure distribution. The FDM discretization scheme use in this simulation was central-difference because it has a more accurate value approach to the actual value than using other schemes. This research was conducted by varying several parameters with different results. The different types of bio-based lubricants affect the pressure distribution, but not the film thickness which can only be measured by the eccentricity ratio. It was obtained from several bio-based lubricants, namely coconut oil, olive oil, and palm oil that the better lubricant to use is coconut oil because it produces less pressure for other types of lubricants. Keywords : Journal Bearing, Bio-Based, FDM.
Pusat Edukasi Daur Ulang Sampah Di Pekanbaru Dengan Pendekatan Arsitektur Organik Elfina Widya Hastuti; Wahyu Hidayat; Gun Faisal
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2020
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The existence of The Recycling Education Center in Pekanbaru is supported by waste banks and compost houses that are not optimal, minimum appreciation of waste recycling works and scale of socialization targets. The Recycling Education Center has a function as a forum for training, production, and exhibition using the waste bank system to encourage people to sort and save waste. This method uses an Organic Architecture approach that has harmonization between the humans and the natural environment on a site and supports recycling. Organic Architecture principles that support recycling, which is energy-efficient, sustainable, and material. Through the concept of Recycle, buildings can adapt to climate conditions, reuse energy for operations, use harmless materials, form and arrange zones to represent a recycle symbol.keywords: Recycling Education Center, Pekanbaru, Organic Architecture
Sintesis Nanokitosan Menggunakan Metode Gelasi Ionik Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Asam Formiat Allailus Syah Safara; Ahmad Fadli; Sunarno Sunarno
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2020
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Particles at the nanometer scale have unique physical properties compared to particles at larger sizes, especially in improving the delivery quality of drug compounds. The study aims to synthesis nanochitosan using the ionic gelation method and determined the effect of variation in the concentration of formic acid on the characteristics of nanochitosan. The procedure for making nanochitosan is chitosan dissolved in formic acid (0.2% and 2%) by stirring using a magnetic stirrer. After that, the STPP solution (0.1%) at the chitosan:STPP 5:1 volume ratio was added to the chitosan solution. Stirring was carried out for 1 hour with a stirring speed of 1200 rpm. Furthermore, the nanochitosan was characterized by using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). Results of the research found that the polydispersity index of chitosan-STPP particles was decreased when the concentration of formic acid was increased, at the concentration of STPP (0.1%) and concentrations of formic acid (0.2% and 2%) are 0.438 and 0.178 respectively. Keywords: formic acid, ionic gelation, nanochitosan, sodium tripolyphosphate
Sistem Pemilihan Program Studi Pratama, Muhammad Yogi; Marpaung, Noveri Lysbetti
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 8 (2021): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2021
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Technological developments facilitate human’s performance in determining decisions, one of these technologies is a prediction system that predicts future decisions. An example of prediction system of study programs. Choosing a study program is a decision-making process that requires consideration for prospective new students, because the majors to be chosen are very diverse. Based on these conditions, Prediction System of a Study Program Selection is built. The prediction system is designed using PHP Hypertext Preprocessor programming language which inserted into HTML document to run a web-based system on server side to get dynamic processing forms. Every created page will change according to user’s inputs. All processes in server are not visible for clients. Data storage uses My Structured Query Language (MySQL) server database as an interactive language in managing data. Each client can make a request by typing a specific SQL statement so that the MySQL server will respond by providing the requested information and it will appear on the client side. This system can provide references and recommendations for Prospective New Students in choosing the Undergraduate Study Program to be taken later. After testing system, results of the system carried out. It can be concluded that Prediction System of Study Program Selection can make easier to provide references and recommendations for Prospective New Students in choosing the right Study Programs through web browser. Keywords : Study Program, Study Program Selection System, PHP, MySql, Web.