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Wacana, Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 14110199     EISSN : 23381884     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.wacana
Core Subject : Economy, Humanities, Social,
Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
This journal has a focus on inter and multidisciplinary studies of social sciences and humanities. The scope is the socio-cultural phenomenon, the history, and transformation of society, changes, and stagnation of socio-political institutions, actor orientation, and behavior, the performance of political regimes and socio-economic structures. The scope is not limited by state, nation, temporal duration, certain ideas, and narrow beliefs. This journal is open to various approaches, theories, methodologies, research methods carried out by scientists, academics, researchers and practitioners in the fields and disciplines: economics, social, political science, government studies, international relations, sociology, anthropology, demography, history, religious and cultural studies, philosophy of science, communication science, and development studies.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 468 Documents
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Studi Hubungan Budaya dengan Aglomerasi Ekonomi (North-South Corridor) Di Jawa Timur Rachmad Kresna Sakti; Mudrajad - Kuncoro; Candra Fajri Ananda; Maryunani - -
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 13 No. 3 (2010)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRACT   There are two things that commonly identify economic activitivities spacially such as concentration and imbalance.  East Java has two concentration poles of Java economic activities spacially. One of the concentration areas in East Java is in Surabaya, and that concentration activity is called North-South Corridor which is close to temple/ archeological site in East Java. Based on the fact, this research answers some questions like (1) Is there any interaction between culture dimension (the people) and economic dimension? (2) How does culture dimension interacts with economic dimension? The aims of the research are (a) To know the interaction between culture dimension (the people) and economic dimension partially and cumulatively, so there will be North-South Corridor in East Java; (b) To know the flow of mechanism from the detail of culture dimension interacting with economic dimension. The research was done outside North-South Corridor  area in East Java. The result of the research shows (1) there is a relationship between culture and economic dimension. It can be showed from the difference of each economic subject both inside and outside North-South Corridor in facing Hofstede Culture; (2) the difference of culture is formed by the environment of area inside and outside North-South Corridor.   Keywords: North-South Corridor, culture, economic concentration   ABSTRAKS   Terdapat dua hal yang seringkali menjadi ciri menonjol dari kegiatan perekonomian secara spasial, yaitu adanya konsentrasi dan ketimpangan. Di Pulau Jawa Terdapat dua kutub konsentrasi kegiatan ekonomi di Jawa secara spasial. Salah satunya wilayah konsentrasi kegiatan ekonomi di Surabaya Jawa Timur. Konsentrasi kegiatan tersebut dikenal dengan koridor utara – selatan. Menariknya koridor Utara-Selatan berhimpit dengan letak situs purbakala/candi di Jawa Timur.  Berpijak pada kesenjangan realita tersebut, penelitan ini berusaha menjawab pertanyaan berikut, (1) apakah terjadi interaksi antara dimensi budaya (masyarakat setempat) dan dimensi ekonomi?. (2) bagaimana rincian dimensi budaya berinteraksi dengan dimensi ekonomi? Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (a) Mengetahui interaksi antara dimensi budaya (masyarakat setempat) dan dimensi ekonomi, baik secara parsial ataupun secara kumulatif, sehingga terbentuk koridor Utara-Selatan di Jawa Timur; (b) Mengetahui flow of mechanism rincian dimensi budaya berinteraksi dengan dimensi ekonomi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kawasan di luar kawasan koridor utara – selatan di Jawa Timur. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) terjadi hubungan antara dimensi budaya dan kegiatan ekonomi. Hubungan ini terlihat dari perbedaan masing-masing pelaku ekonomi dalam dan di luar koridor utara – selatan dalam menyikapi budaya hofstede. (2) perbedaan budaya ini dibentuk oleh lingkungan tepat tinggal. Lingkungan tempat tinggal dalam konteks ini adalah wilayah dalam koridor utara – selatan ataupun di luarnya   Kata Kunci: koridor utara – selatan, budaya, konsentrasi ekonomi.
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI HOLDING PERIOD SAHAM BIASA PADA PERUSAHAAN GO PUBLIC YANG TERCATAT DALAM INDEX LQ45 Vinus - Maulina; Sumiati - -; Iwan - Triyuwono
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 13 No. 3 (2010)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to know and analyze variables influencing holding period of common stock on public firm listed in LQ 45 Index, that are firms generally have good performance assessed based on both market performance and firm fundamental, then analyzing the dominance influencing variable. This study is conducted in Jakarta Stock Exchange with population of stocks listed in LQ 45 index in period of 2000 – 2001 with the total of 64 firms. The Sample Taking Method is purposive sampling with the criteria that the firms at least listed twice in LQ45 index on the study period. The Analysis method used to analyze independent variables: spread, market value, variance return, and dividend pay out ratio and dependent variable: holding period is two stage least squares multiple regression model,  since there is possibility that the correlation of bid-ask spread from the current period and bid-ask spread and holding period from the previous period for every stock take place simultaneously. Results show that partially bid-ask spread variable that constitutes the different value between the highest price provided paid by buyer with the lowest price offered by seller has significance positive correlation on holding period of common stock and there is inverse correlation/significance negative between variance return variable that reflect the risk rate from stock effected by fluctuation of stock price and holding period of common stock. While, simultaneously, there is no significance correlation between dependent variable and independent variable that means bid-ask spread, market value, variance return and dividend pay out ratio can’t describe variation from holding period variable. Keywords: holding period, common stock.
PENGARUH VARIABEL FUNDAMENTAL TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM DAN LABA PER SAHAM (Studi Kasus Pada Industri Properti Yang Go Public di Bursa Efek Jakarta ) Wahyu Budi Santoso; Thantawi A.S. - -; Moeljadi - -
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 13 No. 3 (2010)
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Abstract

ABSTRACT This research aims at investigating two issues. First, Whether the several fundamental variables simultantly and partially influence toward the stock price and earning per share on property companies that go public at Jakarta Stock Exchange. Second, Which of several fundamental variables have the most dominant influence either toward the stock price or earning per share. Population used in this research include the entire property companies that go public at Jakarta Stock Exchange with criteria that those companies had the data availibility during 4 periods, those are from the year of 1998 until 2001, from that criteria are obtained about 31 companies where the 24 companies were selected as sample with the simple random sampling technically. The method of analysis is Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Research results indicate that (1) Simultantly, fundamental indicators have the positive influence toward the stock price (Y1) and earning per share (Y2), these are indicated by positive coefficient for the two variables, however the influence to the earning per share are stronger than to the stock price because its coefficient is bigger than another. In addition, partially there are the significant influence for the variables of earning quality (X7), capital expenditure (X3), gross margin (X4), selling and administration expenses (X5) and inventory (X1) because the p-value are smaller than the 5% significant level, while the variables of account recievable (X2), effective tax rate (X6) and labour force (X9) have not the significant influence. (2) And for the variable of earning quality (X7) has the most dominant influence either to the stock price or earning per share because the p-value is the smallest.   Key Words: Fundamental Analysis, Stock Price, EPS
ANALISIS VARIABEL-VARIABEL YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRICE EARNING RATIO SEBAGAI DASAR PENILAIAN KEWAJARAN HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN FARMASI/KIMIA YANG GO PUBLIC DI BURSA EFEK JAKARTA (1996-2000) Wiwid Handayani; Ubud - Salim; Chandra Fajri Ananda
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 13 No. 3 (2010)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRAKS   Hasil uji hipotesis yang dilakukan diperoleh hasil bahwa variabel-variabel bebas dividend payout ratio, return on equity, earning growth dan financial leverage secara bersama-sama maupun secara parsial mampu menjelaskan pengaruhnya terhadap price earning ratio dengan R 2 sebesar 57,9%. Sedangkan sisanya 42,1% dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain, misalnya kebijakan pemerintah, tingkat pertumbuhan penjualan, pertumbuhan laba ataupun tingkat bunga. Dengan uji parsial antara variabel-variabel bebas dengan variabel tergantung diperoleh sumbangan R2 yang terbesar pada variabel financial leverage. Hal ini disebabkan karena selama krisis perusahaan lebih tinggi tingkat leveragenya. Dalam pengujian kewajaran harga saham diperoleh hasil bahwa harga saham lebih bersifat undervalued daripada bersifat wajar. ABSTRACT   Results of hypothesis test shows that independent variables, such as dividend payout ratio, return on equity, earning growth, and financial leverage, collectively and partially able to explain the effect to price earning ratio, by R2 as much as 57,9 %. The rest of 42,1% come from other factors, including government policies, level of sales development, profit growth or interests rate. F test has been defined, it is then said as significant and, therefore, first hypothesis is proved. Result of partial test on independent and dependent variables indicates that the highest R2 is resulted from financial leverage variable. This is because condition that during crisis, companies get higher leverage.In fittingness test the companies’ shares tend to be undervalued.
EFISIENSI PEMASARAN JAMBU METE DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT (Studi Kasus di Sentra Produksi Bayan) Titi - Yuniarti; Umar - Burhan; M.Muslich - Mustadjab
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 12 No. 1 (2009)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRAK   Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efisiensi pemasaran melalui saluran pemasaran, struktur pasar, prilaku pasar, dan penampilan pasar (S-C-P) sebagai indikator efisiensi pemasaran. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis S-C-P yang meliputi analisis integrasi pasar vertikal, elastisitas transmisi harga, margin pemasaran, share harga dan analisis biaya dan keuntungan pemasaran. Hasilnya menunjukkan, saluran pemasaran 90 % melalui pedagang pengumpul mulai tingkat desa, kecamatan, kabupaten / pengolah kemudian ketingkat pengecer. Struktur pasar mengarah kepada pasar yang tidak bersaing sempurna cenderung monopsoni dan oligopsoni, pasar tidak terintegrasi secara vertikal, share harga yang diterima petani rendah, margin pemasaran cukup tinggi, distribusi margin di antara lembaga pemasaran di ke-3 saluran pemasaran kurang adil, namun rasio keuntungan dan biaya pemasaran cukup proporsional.   Kata kunci:  lambu-mete, pemasaran   ABSTRACT   This study designated to observe distributions in cashew farming, marketing channel, market structure, market conduct, market performance, which are the indicators of marketing efficiency. The S-C-P includes analysis of market integration, price transmission elasticity, and marketing margin, price-share and profit-cost analyses. The result shows that the distribution chain is 90% dominated by traders who collect cashew fruit from the level of the village, the sub district, the regency or factory then to the retailer. The market structure tends to be monopsony and oligopsony, the market is not integrated vertically, the farmers get low share of price, the marketing margin is quite high, the margin distribution among the three marketing chain is not fair, but the profit ratio and the distribution cost is quite proportional.   Keywords: cashew, marketing
PENGELOLAAN PROGRAM HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL : Studi Kasus Di Kawasan Hutan Lindung Sesaot Lombok Barat Mukhtar - -; Soemarno - -; Kliwon - Hidayat
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 13 No. 1 (2010)
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ABSTRAK   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) memahami makna program HKm oleh masyarakat; (2) Memahami penerapan Awig-awig mengenai program HKm dan (3) memahami penerapan program HKm. Beberapa teori yang digunakan dalam menganalisa temuan penelitian antara lain teori ekologi manusia dan teori interaksional simbolik. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus.  Sumber data atau informan adalah masyarakat yang tinggal di sekitar kawasan hutan yang termasuk penggarap program HKm dan penggarap HKm non program, juga orang dari luar kawasan hutan yang dianggap relevan. Penentuan informan dilakukan dengan metode snowball sampling dan purposive. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengamatan, wawancara mendalam, studi dokumentasi dan triangulasi. Sedangkan analisa data dilakukan melalui analisa deskriptif menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman. Pengujian keabsahan data dan informasi, dilakukan dengan metode triangulasi dan pemeriksaan sejawat melalui diskusi. Hasil penelitian; Pertama, makna program HKm oleh masyarakat dipahami sebagai kesempatan untuk memperoleh hak kelola lahan di dalam kawasan hutan untuk kegiatan usaha tani. Akibatnya masyarakat cenderung berprilaku eksploitatif untuk memaksimalkan manfaat ekonomi lahan. Dalam kaitannya dengan fungsi konservasi, terjadi perbedaan pemahaman antara masyarakat dengan Dinas Kehutanan. Masyarakat memaknai konservasi dari keseluruhan vegetasi sebagai kesatuan fungsi ekonomi dan konservasi, sehingga pemanfaatan lahan lebih didominasi oleh tanaman MPTS. Dinas Kehutanan memaknai tanaman pohon untuk pengintegrasian fungsi konservasi guna mendukung manfaat ekonomi. Ke dua, Revitalisasi nilai Awig-awig sebagai aturan pelaksanaan program HKm masih dipandang sebagai simbolisasi nilai lokal. Dalam implementasinya belum efektif untuk mendukung pengintegrasian fungsi konservasi  dan fungsi ekonomi sesuai dengan tujuan program HKm. Dari 12 muatan aturan dalam Awig-awig kawasan, hanya tiga muatan aturan yang dijalankan dan sembilan muatan aturan belum efektif berjalan. Pelanggaran Awig-awig yang sulit ditangani terdiri dari sindikat pencurian kayu, perilaku perambahan hutan, praktek ganti rugi lahan dan penegakan komposisi tanam.  Ke tiga, Penerapan program HKm oleh masyarakat belum efektif mendukung pelestarian sumberdaya hutan secara berkelanjutan. Penerapan yang dilakukan masih sebatas pada pelestarian jangka pendek. Hal itu disebabkan karena masyarakat lebih berorientasi pada pemenuhan keinginan, bukan semata-mata untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dirumuskan saran akademis yakni pentingnya kajian lebih lanjut dari beberapa sudut pandang antara lain (i) kesesuaian luas lahan terhadap kecukupan ekonomi rumah tangga; (ii) Kesesuaian pola tanam untuk mendukung integrasi fungsi konservasi dengan fungsi ekonomi, (iii) perumusan model penguatan kelembagaan masyarakat berbasis nilai-nilai kearifan lokal dan pengetahuan ekologi lokal. Saran praktis, yakni (1) aspek tata kelola kawasan; diperlukan inventarisasi ulang tata batas kawasan, mendorong percepatan pemberian izin resmi kepada masyarakat dan melakukan rekonstruksi ulang kawasan yang ditetapkan sebagai lahan kelola HKm; (2) aspek tata kelola usaha; diperlukan intervensi program pengembangan usaha produktif melalui penguatan peran perempuan serta menggeser intensifikasi produksi di dalam kawasan hutan ke intensifikasi produksi di luar kawasan hutan dan (3) aspek tata kelola kelembagaan; untuk kelembagaan masyarakat diperlukan program penguatan kapasitas dan dukungan program untuk penguatan Awig-awig. Bagi kelembagaan pemerintah diperlukan komitmen terutama aparat-aparat yang di lapangan untuk melakukan penegakan hukum secara adil dan tidak bermain ganda  serta dukungan pengakuan formal terhadap Forum Kawasan Kata kunci: hutan kemasyarakatan, kearifan likal, awig-awig ABSTRACT The research was aimed to: (1) evaluate  comprehensively on the  understanding of the local community on the Community Forest Programme (2) establish better understanding of Awig-Awig on Community Forest Management and (3) have better understanding of the Community Forest Programme implementation.  Some theories have been used to analyse the research including: human ecology theory and Symbolic interactional theory. The methods of the research was a qualitative design using a case study.  The responden or key informans were people who living accros the area  both as farmer being involved in the programm and  non-programme farmers as well as particular  people who has better understanding on the community forest programme. The informans were determined using a snowball sampling dan purposive method.  Data collecting was conducted by a direct observation, in-deepth interview, documentation and triangulation study.  Data analysis was done with deskriptive analyse using Miles and Huberman Models. The data and information validation was tested using triangulation method and personal confirmation via deep discussion. Results of research: First, the Community forest programm according to local farmers was`transleted as a chance to have land holding in the forest area  to be farming system.  As a results, the people tend to behave exsploitatively and economically  in maximizing the land use. In relation to conservation function, there were a discripancy understanding between community groups and Forest Institution. The conservation according to the local community was transleted from entire vegetation as economic objective, so, the use of land was dominated by the Multy Purposes Trees Species (MPTS) while based on the forest institution , the tree has to be  integrated to the conservation function to support economic value.  Second, The revitalisation of Awig-awig as the local convention of implementing the community forest programme is thought to be just a symbol of local value. Thus, the local wisdom was not effective to support the integration of conservation and economic objectives of such programme.   From 12 points of convention as written on the Awig-Awig manuscript of Area Managmenen, the were only three  point which have been accomodated effectively  by the community while the rest of nine points  were not obeyed. In other words, the people tend to break the convention on the Awig-Awig. It is important to note that the convention based on Awig-Awig which were very difficult to be solved including:  illegal lodgging sindicate, slash and burning the land, illegal property, and convention relate to vegetation composition of the land.  Third, The implementation of the community forest programme has not been effective to suport sustainable forest management. The management of the programm seems to be a short term target rather than long therm target. This is more likely due to the willingness orientation of the local community rather than to meet their daily needs. Based on the results, the academic recommendation proposed for the future research are : (i) land suitability in relation to meet the sufficiency of farmers income (ii) The appropriate vegetation composition should be applied on the agroforestry system to support ecology and economic functions of the forest. (iii) Establish a strengthern model of community institution on the basisi of local wisdom and local ecological knowledge.  Practical recommendation (1) Zone management aspect:  reinventarisation areal zone ,speed up a formal permits to community and reconstruction of  the community forest area (2) Interpreneurships management; intervention programm on productive interpreneuirships; development programme on productive interpreneurships through sthrengthern of women role  and change intensification system from forest area to close nearby or outside the area (3) institution managemen:  for community institution, the spesific programme to sthrengthern building capacity of Awig-Awig is needed. A good government including policy commitment in particular  for filed staff supervision to  work based on law inforcement is indespensible. Keywords: community forest management, local wisdom
FENOMENA, FEMINISME DAN POLITICAL SELF SELECTION BAGI PEREMPUAN Nurwani Idris - -
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 13 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract Democracy needs all participation people in the country, women and men.  The political right for women, as we know was feminism hard and long time struggled, therefore now the women have the high quality live in politic, the economic and social.  All the country in the world have ratificated the PBB of law for political freedom for women as the same as men. Especially in Indonesia now there’s no formal barriers for women leadership, if they select to participate in politics but it was the phenomenon for the women among self selection in politics, the freedom to be participating and children, husband, housing, that still stronger; from which one barrier “self selection” or “culture and religion” responsibility where significantly. Minangkabau women, forward analysis we can aim self selection or children, husband and family responsibility.  It is indisputable that the women’s awareness and struggle in the politics are debt to the feminists’ endless efforts. The feminists have fostered the women to empower themselves by which they reach equal position compared with their counterparts, in nearly all aspects of the social life.   Keywords:  phenomenon, feminism, and political self selection.
ANALISIS POSISI PERSAINGAN OPERATOR TELEPON SELULER BERDASARKAN PERSEPSI KONSUMEN DI KOTA MALANG Dodik - Yunarwanto; Agung - Yuniarinto; Muslich - Mustajab
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 13 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRAK   Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui posisi persaingan operator telepon seluler prabayar merek Merek I, Merek II, Merek III, Merek IV serta Merek V berdasarkan persepsi konsumen dan pengaruh posisi persaingannya terhadap jumlah pelanggan di kota Malang. Metode analisa Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) digunakan untuk menganalisis data penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan posisi masing-masing operator telepon seluler prabayar  berdasarkan persepsi konsumen. Dengan alat analisis Cluster hasil penelitian yang diperoleh terbentuk tiga kelompok atau segmen yaitu kelompok pertama ditempati Merek I, Merek II dan Merek III; kelompok ke dua ditempati Merek V;  dan kelompok ke tiga Merek IV tujuan pengelompokan ini mengetahui jarak terdekat persaingan antar operator ponsel prabayar. Merek II merupakan pesaing dekat Merek I dan Merek III sedangkan Merek V merupakan pesaing terdekat Merek IV. Selanjutnya dengan alat analisa Atribut Vektor dapat diketahui keunggulan atribut masing-masing operator ponsel prabayar Merek I disukai konsumen karena atribut produk dan personal traits, Merek II disukai konsumen karena atribut distribusi, Merek III disukai konsumen karena atribut proses, Merek V disukai konsumen karena atribut promosi sedangkan Merek IV disukai konsumen karena atribut harga. Setelah diketahui keunggulan atribut masing-masing operator dengan menggunakan alat analisa Regresi dapat diketahui pengaruh posisi persaingan terhadap jumlah pelanggan secara keseluruhan dari enam atribut, hanya atribut promosi yang paling signifikan berpengaruh terhadap keputusan berlangganan. Hasil tiap kelompok atau segmennya. Segmen pertama atribut promosi yang paling signifikan berpengaruh terhadap keputusan berlangganan. Segmen kedua atribut harga dan personal traits yang paling signifikan berpengaruh terhadap jumlah pelanggan. Segmen ketiga, atribut harga yang paling signifikan berpengaruh terhadap keputusan berlangganan.   Kata kunci :  persepsi, posisi, segmen, atribut, personal  traits, distribusi, promosi   ABSTRACT   The aim of this research is to discover the operator competition position mobile phone prepayment such as Merk I, Merk II, Merk III, Merk IV and Merk V based on the consumers perception and the influence of emulation position to a mount of customer’s in Malang. By using MDS analyze, the result is there are differences position of each operator prepayment based on consumers perception. By using cluster analyze, the result is 3 groups or segmentation that the first group are Merek I, Merek II and Merek III, the second is Merk V and the third is Merk IV The aim of this segmentation is to know the closet competition between mobile phone prepayment operator. Merk II is the close competitor of Merk I and Merk III , while Merk V is the close competitor of Merk IV. By the means of  sector attribute sector analyzer, we are able to discover can get the advantage of every prepayment cell phone (mobile phone) operator’s attribute. Merk I is chosen because of product attribute and personal traits, Merk II is chosen because of it’s distribution attribute, Merk III because of it’s process attribute, Merk V because of commercial attribute, while Merk IV because of the price. As we know the advantage of every operator, using the means of regression analysis we can see the influence of a competitor’s position to the while customer’s number from the 6 attribute, only commercial attribute had the most significant influence to the customer’s decision, the result from every group or segment. First segment commercial attribute that had the most influence to the customer’s decision, second segment is price attribute and personal traits, third is price attribute  that had significant influence to customer’s decision.   Keywords :  perception, position, segmentation, attribute, personal traits, distribution, promotion.
ANALISIS PERILAKU KEPUTUSAN KONSUMEN DALAM PEMBELIAN PRODUK PATUNG KAYU PADA TOKO KERAJINAN (ART SHOP) KECAMATAN SUKAWATI, GIANYAR, BALI Eka - Sulistyawati; Titiek - Multifiah; Armanu - Thoyib
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 13 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRAK   Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk mengetahui: (1) faktor yang dipertimbangkan oleh konsumen dalam keputusan pembelian produk patung kayu; (2) Faktor yang mempunyai pengaruh paling dominan dalam keputusan pembelian produk patung kayu. Lokasi penelitian ditetapkan di Kecamatan Gianyar Bali karena merupakan pusat industri kerajinan patung kayu di Bali dan mempunyai pasar sampai ke luar negeri. Toko kerajinan (art shop) patung kayu di Kecamatan Sukawati jumlah cukup banyak dan terus berkembang, toko kerajinan (art shop) letaknya terpusat, berjejer dan saling berdekatan. Kecamatan Sukawati terletak dalam jalur utama ke arah timur seperti obyek wisata Ubud, Istana Presiden Tampak Siring, Goa Gajah, Kintamani serta obyek wisata lainnya. Yang menjadi populasi dalam penelitian ini meliputi seluruh wisatawan mancanegara yang berkunjung pada toko kerajinan (art shop) patung kayu di Kecamatan Sukawati Gianyar Bali. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode accidental sampling yaitu teknik pengambilan sampel berdasarkan kebetulan, dengan demikian siapa saja yang kebetulan bertemu dengan peneliti dan memenuhi syarat yang ditentukan dapat digunakan sebagai responden. Sedangkan jumlah sampel yang diperlukan jika dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis faktor adalah paling sedikit 4 atau 5 kali jumlah variabel yang diteliti. Karena jumlah variabel yang diteliti sebanyak 20 maka sampel ditetapkan 100 responden. Alat analisa yang digunakan adalah analisis faktor untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang dipertimbangkan konsumen dalam keputusan pembelian produk patung kayu dan analisis regresi berganda untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempunyai pengaruh paling dominan dalam keputusan pembelian produk patung kayu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 20 variabel dapat direduksi menjadi 17 variabel yang tersebar dalam 6 faktor. Tiga variabel dikeluarkan dari model karena tidak memenuhi kriteria MSA > 0,5 yaitu variabel potongan harga (X12) dan dua variabel tidak memenuhi kriteria, dimana communality <0,5 yaitu variabel saluran distribusi (X16) dan variabel sarana lain (X20). Dari uji analisis faktor diperoleh hasil bahwa dari 17 variabel yang ditahan di dalam model dan mengelompokkan ke dalam 6 faktor merupakan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku konsumen dalam keputusan pembelian produk patung kayu. Faktor-faktor tersebut adalah faktor harga dengan eigen value 4,63653, faktor promosi dengan eigen value 3,15352, faktor referensi dengan eigen value 1,87740, faktor produk dengan eigen value 1,58539, faktor budaya dengan eigen value 1,34874 dan faktor kondisi fisik dengan eigen value 1,10984. Dengan analisis regresi berganda diketahui 74% keputusan pembelian patung kayu dipengaruhi oleh enam faktor sebagai variabel independen, sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor di luar model analisis yang diduga diantaranya adalah adanya perubahan selera konsumen yang ingin kembali menyatu dengan alam dan peristiwa politik Indonesia yang kurang mendukung bagi kunjungan wisatawan mancanegara. Hal ini terlihat dari nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,74504. Model ini juga digunakan untuk mengetahui faktor mana yang berpengaruh paling dominan di antara 6 faktor yang mempengaruhi konsumen dalam keputusan pembelian produk patung kayu. Dari hasil regresi dapat diketahui bahwa dari enam faktor sebagai variabel independen yang dianalisis, secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh Fhitung=45,29365 > Ftabel =2,29 signifikan pada a=5%. Kemudian dari enam faktor tersebut dapat pula diketahui bahwa faktor produk merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh paling dominan dalam keputusan pembelian. Hal ini ditunjukkan dalam nilai thitung sebesar 8,594 (tertinggi di antara enam faktor yang mempengaruhi konsumen).   Kata kunci: perilaku konsumen, keputusan, patung kayu.
ANALISIS PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN RUMAH TANGGA DALAM MEMBELI PRODUK SEMEN ( Studi Pada Rumah Tangga di Kota Surabaya) Joni - Gunawan; Agung - Yuniarinto; Thantawi AS - -
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 13 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRACT An interesting thing necessary to investigate deeply is how should “the cemment product” be positioned and which marketing strategy should be formulated and executed in marketing building material products such as cemment? In line with this explanation, this study analyze the psicological, social, and marketing mixing effects on household decision in buying cemment product. The strategic implication of this is to show the product strategy, price, promotion, and distribution as well as to decide the positioning of the “cemment product” which is oriented to the psichological and social variables of the household consumers. The psichological, social, and marketing mixing effects that become the main attentions in this study are the: motivation, attitude, reference group, product, price, promotion and distribution affects. A high individual’s expectation in possesing a proper house makes the individual secrafice all they have to obtain a house. Viewed from business aspects, this case is considered as a market opportunity for products which are able to supply and/or maintain proper houses, especially for cemment product. This indication appears from the quantity of new companies in this field of business both in direct investment or share holding. Consequently, the competition of the product is relatively tight. The position of the cemment product that is strategic for the construction sector and the cemment product as commodity as well as industrial goods need fix strategy to market. This study findings are: consumers of “cemment product” in Surabaya are 35 to 50 years old and their major job are business / employee, most of them own relative low buying capability. Household consumers of the “cemment product” in Surabaya have relative high education levels. They are Senior High School to University Graduated and most of the consumers are male, and they tend to have rational buying decision. Results of relationship analysis among variables which were obtained at the level of significance 0,05 are show that motivation and atitude are significantly affect household decision in buying “cemment product” in Surabaya. There is a significant effects of product price, promotion, and distribution variables on the household decision in buying “cemment product” in Surabaya. Simultaneously, motivation, attitude, refference group, product, price, premium and distribution variables, significantly affect household decision in buying “cemment product” in Surabaya. Keywords: customer behavior, buying decision, cement.

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