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Wacana, Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 14110199     EISSN : 23381884     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.wacana
Core Subject : Economy, Humanities, Social,
Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
This journal has a focus on inter and multidisciplinary studies of social sciences and humanities. The scope is the socio-cultural phenomenon, the history, and transformation of society, changes, and stagnation of socio-political institutions, actor orientation, and behavior, the performance of political regimes and socio-economic structures. The scope is not limited by state, nation, temporal duration, certain ideas, and narrow beliefs. This journal is open to various approaches, theories, methodologies, research methods carried out by scientists, academics, researchers and practitioners in the fields and disciplines: economics, social, political science, government studies, international relations, sociology, anthropology, demography, history, religious and cultural studies, philosophy of science, communication science, and development studies.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 489 Documents
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PENGARUH JABATAN, PENGEMBANGAN KARIER DAN KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP PROFESIONALISME APARATUR PEMERINTAH DAERAH Andhy Hendro Wijaya; Trilaksono - Nugroho; Timotius - Hartono
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 12 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRACT The problems of this research are (1) Is there any relationship between the job analysis towards professionalism of the Local Government officials; (2) Is there any relationship between the career development towards professionalisme of the Local Government officials; (3) Is there any relationship between leadership towards professionalism of the Local Government officials; (4) Is there any relationship between job analysis, career and leadership development simultaneously towards professionalism of the Local Government officials as the implementation demand of the local autonomy. In general, the goal of this research is to provide full and complete descriptions about the existence of personal abilities that are measured based on its professionalism in the Secretariate environment of the Local Government of Gresik Regency to behave the implementation demands of the local autonomy. To understand the fully influence of Job Analysis, Career and Leadership Development towards Professionalism of Local Government of Gresik Regency approached by explanatory research by using quantitative model and operationally the concept of this research are as follows: (1) The Management process of apparatus resources identical with the management concept of human resources and essentially to achieve the organizational goal optimally where the activity of job analysis, the opportunity of career development and the description of leadership situation considered as supporting activities to gain the process of organization activities. (2) Professionalisme is the ability showed by officers in which to complete their job loaded to those officers in accordance with their ability or their expertness. The analysis model used in this research is multipple linear regression analysis because of the limitations of variabel identification as well as independent variables can be directed towards the sharper indicator. The results of this research showed that variables of job analysis provides contribution of 19.46% towards professionalism while the career development variable 26.39%, and leadership variable 31.79%. The professionalism of job implementation was deeply demanded towards all of the Local Government apparatus. The implementation of the local autonomy need some talented and skillful workforces to overcome some emerging problems and meet some new ways to create the organization of the Local Government as a public organization with the main purpose to provide some services to society. The management process of apparatus resources will be expected to be conducted optimally and will be improved continually so that it will create the professional apparatus of the Local Government to implement their jobs.   Keywords: leadership, professionalism, apparature     ABSTRAK Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) Apakah ada hubungan antara analisis jabatan terhadap profesionalisme pejabat Pemerintah Daerah; (2) Apakah ada hubungan antara pengembangan karier terhadap profesionalisme pejabat Pemerintah Daerah; (3) Apakah ada hubungan antara kepemimpinan terhadap profesionalisme pejabat Pemerintah Daerah; (4) Apakah ada hubungan antara analisis jabatan, pengembangan karier dan kepemimpinan secara bersama-sama terhadap profesionalisme pejabat Pemerintah Daerah sebagai tuntutan pelaksanaan otonomi daerah. Secara umum penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran secara utuh dan lengkap mengenai keberadaan kemampuan personil yang diukur berdasarkan keprofesionalannya di lingkungan Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Gresik dalam menyikapi tuntutan pelaksanaan otonomi daerah. Untuk memahami secara utuh Pengaruh Analisis Jabatan, Pengembangan Karier dan Kepemimpinan terhadap Profesionalisme Pejabat Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Gresik didekati secara (explanatory research) dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan secara operasional konsep penelitian ini  dinyatakan sebagai berikut: (1)  Proses manajemen sumber daya aparatur identik dengan konsep manajemen sumber daya manusia dan pada hakekatnya untuk mencapai tujuan organisasi secara optimal dimana kegiatan analisis jabatan, peluang pengembangan karier dan penjabaran situasi kepemimpinan merupakan kegiatan pendukung untuk tercapainya proses kegiatan organisasi. (2) Profesionalisme adalah kemampuan yang ditunjukkan oleh pegawai dalam rangka menyelesaikan tugas yang dibebankan kepada pegawai tersebut sesuai dengan kemampuan maupun keahlian yang dimilikinya. Model analisis yang digunakan adalah berbentuk analisis regresi linear berganda karena adanya pembatasan identifikasi variabel bebas maupun variabel tergantung dapat diarahkan kepada indikator yang lebih tajam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel analisis jabatan memberikan sumbangan sebesar 19,46% terhadap profesionalisme sedangkan variabel pengembangan karier sebesar 26,39% dan variabel kepemimpinan sebesar 31,79%. Profesionalisme dalam menjalankan tugas sangat dituntut terhadap semua aparatur Pemerintah Daerah. Pelaksanaan otonomi daerah memerlukan tenaga-tenaga yang cukup handal guna mengatasi permasalahan yang timbul dan menemukan terobosan-terobosan baru yang mampu menciptakan organisasi Pemerintah Daerah sebagai organisasi publik dengan tujuan utama pemberian pelayanan kepada masyarakat. Proses manajemen sumber daya aparatur hendaknya dilakukan secara optimal dan dilakukan perbaikan secara terus menerus dengan harapan terciptanya aparatur Pemerintah Daerah profesional dalam menjalankan tugas.   Kata kunci: kepemimpinan, profesionalisme, aparatur pemerintah daerah.
PELAYANAN PUBLIK PADA UNIT PELAYANAN TERPADU PEMERINTAH KOTA DENPASAR Redioka - -; Agus - Suryono; Sumartono - -
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 12 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRAK   Tujuan penelitian ini adalah  menjawab permasalahan tersebut di atas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang berlandaskan phenomenologi. Dengan pendekatan ini dilakukan pengamatan yang bersifat holistik dan juga bersifat naturalistik. Sedangkan analisisnya menggunakan pendekatan analisis model interaktif dari Miles dan Huberman (1992). Fokus penelitian ini antara lain: 1) Kondisi desentralisasi UPT Kota Denpasar, 2) Kondisi internal UPT Kota Denpasar, 3) Kondisi eksternal UPT Kota Denpasar, 4) Kualitas pelayanan publik di UPT Kota Denpasar. Penelitian ini menghasilkan temuan bahwa 8 kreteria standar yang dinilai sebagai ukuran adanya kualitas pelayanan yang baik, yaitu terdiri dari; 1) Kesederhanaan, 2) Kejelasan dan Kepastian, 3) Keamanan, 4) Keterbukaan, 5) Efisien, 6) Ekonomis, 7) Keadilan dan Pemerataan, serta   8) Ketepatan Waktu. Dari hasil pengamatan penelitian di lapangan terhadap 8 jenis pelayanan yang disediakan oleh UPT Kota Denpasar, baru hanya pelayanan Akta-Akta Catatan Sipil yang telah dapat memenuhi kedelapan ukuran kreteria standar tersebut. Sedangkan pelayanan Ijin Reklame baru dapat memenuhi tujuh ukuran kreteria standar tersebut dan pelayanan yang lainnya sebagian terbesar belum dapat memenuhi kreteria standar tersebut. Dengan demikian dari delapan jenis pelayanan yang disediakan oleh UPT Kota Denpasar, baru hanya pelayanan Ijin Reklame dan pelayanan Akta-Akta Catatan Sipil, yang telah dapat dikatakan memberikan pelayanan dengan kualitas yang baik. Sedangkan sebagian besar pelayanan yang lainnya masih belum dapat dikatakan telah memberikan pelayanan dengan kualitas yang baik. Jadi secara keseluruhan dapat disimpulkan, kualitas pelayanan publik yang berlangsung di UPT Kota Denpasar masih belum baik.   Kata kunci: layanan publik, kualitas ABSTRACT The research goal is answer those problems. Qualitative approach based on the phenomenology is used. The approach involves holistic observation other than naturalistic. The analysis tool is interactive model used by Miles and Huberman (1992). Focus of the research including: 1) decentralization condition of  Compact Service Unit at Denpasar, 2 ) Internal condition of Compact Service Unit at Denpasar, 3) Eksternal condition of Compact Service Unit at Denpasar, 4) The service quality of Compact Service Unit at Denpasar. Results show that the eight criteria used to value the services quality are  Simplicity,  Clarity and Certainty,  Security,  Openness,  Efficiency,  Economy,  Justice and Decentralization,  Timing accuracy. The adjustment at 8 service types provided by Denpasar public service unit by separate study, provides that only Civil Certificate Registration Office can obtain those standar. Service unit of Advertising Permission has achieved seven standards, but most of the rest are fail. From the eight of services provided by Denpasar service unit, only those two offices are called as good service quality provider. Most of the branch are still less in quality. Therefore, it can be summarized that the whole public services in Denpasar service unit still remains low or less.   Keywords: public services, quality
ANALISIS BEBERAPA FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI HOLDING PERIOD SAHAM BIASA PADA PERUSAHAAN GO PUBLIC YANG TERCATAT DALAM INDEX LQ45 Vinus - Maulina; Sumiati - -; Iwan - Triyuwono
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 12 No. 4 (2009)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRACT   There are many factors influencing the decision making of investors in holding their possession on security especially common stock. Monetary crisis condition has proved to be able to influence the investors’ attitude in Jakarta Stock Market in investing their capital especially about the long/short of holding a security. This study is conducted based on the differentiation of conclusion/result of study from previous studies about decision to hold security in the long/short term. The aim of this study is to analyze variables influencing holding period of common stock on public firm listed in LQ 45 Index, that are firms generally have good performance assessed based on both market performance and firm fundamental, then analyzing the dominance influencing variable. This study is conducted in Jakarta Stock Exchange with population of stocks listed in LQ 45 index in period of 2000 – 2001 with the total of 64 firms. The Sample Taking Method is purposive sampling with the criteria that the firms at least listed twice in LQ45 index on the study period. The analysis method used to analyze independent variables: spread, market value, variance return, and dividend pay out ratio and dependent variable: holding period is two stage least squares multiple regression model,  since there is possibility that the correlation of bid-ask spread from the current period and bid-ask spread and holding period from the previous period for every stock take place simultaneously. Results of the study showed that, partially, bid-ask spread variable that constitutes the different value between the highest price provided paid by buyer with the lowest price offered by seller has significance positive correlation on holding period of common stock and there is inverse correlation/significance negative between variance return variable that reflect the risk rate from stock effected by fluctuation of stock price and holding period of common stock. While, simultaneously, there is no significance correlation between dependent variable and independent variable that means bid-ask spread, market value, variance return and dividend pay out ratio can’t describe variation from holding period variable.   Keywords: holding period, common stock.
ANALISIS REAKSI PASAR MODAL TERHADAP PENGUMUMAN RIGHT ISSUE DI BURSA EFEK JAKARTA (BEJ) (PENGAMATAN TERHADAP RETURN, ABNORMAL RETURN, SECURITY RETURN VARIABILITY DAN TRADING VOLUME ACTIVITY) LISTIANA SRI MULATSIH; Ghozali - Maskie; M. Harry - Susanto
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 12 No. 4 (2009)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRAK   Penelitian ini dilakukan atas dasar pengamatan terhadap kondisi pasar modal Indonesia pada efisiensi bentuk setengah kuat, dimana pasar akan bereaksi terhadap suatu informasi (suatu pengumuman). Jika pengumuman mengandung informasi maka pasar akan bereaksi pada waktu pengumuman diterima pasar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah pasar modal bereaksi terhadap pengumuman right issue, dengan mengamati perilaku return saham, abnormal return, security return variability dan trading volume activity di sekitar tanggal pengumuman (sebelum, saat, sesudah pengumuman). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode event study dengan pendekatan market adjusted model. Sampel penelitian adalah semua perusahaan yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Jakarta, yang mengeluarkan pengumuman right issue saja selama tahun 1999 (24 perusahaan). Uji statistik terhadap return, abonormal return, security return variability dan trading volume activity menggunakan uji t; Paired Two Samples for Mean pada periode sebelum, saat dan sesudah pengumuman right issue. Hasil penelitian untuk return saham menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan hanya untuk sebelum dengan saat. Hal ini mengidentifikasikan kemungkinan informasi right issue sudah terserap pada hari-hari sebelum pengumuman dipublikasikan. Abnormal Return dan Security Return Variability tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan. Sedangkan Trading Volume Activity menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan untuk periode pengamatan sebelum dengan saat dan sesudah dengan sebelum pengumuman. Berdasarkan hasil-hasil peneltiian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa pasar modal tidak bereaksi terhadap pengumuman right issue, sehingga efisiensi pasar modal Indonesia (Bursa Efek Jakarta) belum bisa dikategorikan dalam semi strong form. Kata kunci: pasar modal, right issue, return saham, abnormal return, security return variability, trading volume.     ABSTRACT   The research based on the analysis of the observation to the market condition in Indonesia about semi strong form efficiency in which market will react against an information. If the right issue contains information that the market react at the moment the right issue is published. The aim of the research is to find out whether the stock exchange react to the right issue by observing the return, abnormal return, security return variability and trading volume activity at the time, before, and after of the publication. The method of the research is using event study with market adjusted model approach. The research sampling are the 24 corporate that registered in BEJ in 1999. Statistical test on return, abnormal return, security return variability and trading volume activity use t-test. The result of the research shows the significant difference at the time and before the return is issued because the right issue has been heard before. There is no significant difference found in abnormal return and security return variability. However, the trading volume activity shows the difference for the period of observation before, at the time, and after publication of the right issue. It brings the conclusion that the stock exchange doesn’t react against the publication of the right issue so BEJ has not been categorized yet into the semi strong form..   Keywords: stock market, right issue, stock return, abnormal return, security return variability, trading volume.
ANALISIS PEMASARAN KARET DI KABUPATEN KAPUAS Yuprin A.D - -; Munawar - Ismail; Candra Fajri Ananda
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 12 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRAK   Penelitian terhadap beberapa masalah pemasaran karet rakyat di Kabupaten Kapuas, bertujuan: (1) mengidentifikasikan saluran pemasaran; (2) mengetahui struktur pasar; (3) mengetahui perilaku pasar; dan (4) mengetahui penampilan pasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei. Petani responden dipilih secara acak sederhana dari dua desa yang dipilih secara purposive. Pedagang desa, pedagang kecamatan, dan pedagang kabupaten dipilih secara snowball sampling. Saluran pemasaran dijelaskan secara deskriptif dan data kuantitatif dianalisis dengan pendekatan (1) konsentrasi rasio untuk mengetahui struktur pasar karet; (2) korelasi dan elastisitas transmisi harga untuk mengetahui perilaku pasar karet, yakni korelasi untuk keterpaduan pasar karet secara horizontal; elastisitas transmisi harga untuk mengetahui integrasi pasar karet secara vertikal; dan (4) marjin pemasaran dan share keuntungan untuk mengetahui penampilan pasar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) saluran pemasaran karet terdiri dari enam macam dan dapat diidentifikasi satu macam saluran terbaik, yaitu petani – pedagang kecamatan – eksportir. Saluran ini digunakan oleh sedikit petani di daerah penelitian, berarti hanya sedikit petani yang memiliki aksesibilitas baik terhadap eksportir. Petani sebagian besar memasarkan karet melalui saluran pemasaran yang dikategorikan sedang, yaitu petani – pedagang desa – pedagang kabupaten – eksportir. Saluran ini terpaksa digunakan, karena petani sudah terikat dengan pedagang dalam rangka memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya; (2) struktur pasar di tingkat desa, kecamatan dan kabupaten bersifat oligopsoni konsentrasi sedang yang menunjukkan bahwa pedagang memiliki tingkat kekuasaan yang sedang dalam mempengaruhi pasar. Struktur pasar di tingkat eksportir adalah monopsoni yang menunjukkan adanya kekuasaan tunggal ekportir dalam mempengaruhi pasar; (3) perilaku pasar ditunjukkan dengan tidak sempurnanya keterpaduan harga karet pada pasar yang satu dengan harga karet pada pasar yang lain, baik secara horisontal maupun  vertikal; dan (4) penampilan pasar ditunjukkan dengan marjin pemasaran yang relatif besar dan didominasi oleh share keuntungan yang besar dan tidak merata. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pemasaran hasil karet tidak efisien, sehingga merugikan pedagang tingkat bawah dan petani yang berposisi paling bawah. Apabila ditinjau dari segi produksi karet di tingkat petani, perilaku dan penampilan pasar karet yang merugikan pedagang di tingkat bawah dan petani yang berposisi paling bawah, disebabkan kualitas slab di bawah standar kualitas bokar Indonesia. Struktur, perilaku, dan penampilan pasar yang terjadi sebagaimana yang telah diuraikan sebelumnya, menyebabkan pedagang lebih banyak menikmati keuntungan dan share harga yang diterima petani relatif lebih kecil. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini ditekankan implikasi kebijakan, yaitu:         (1) perlu adanya suatu lembaga penunjang seperti koperasi untuk memotong keterikatan petani dengan pedagang tertentu. (2) perlu adanya penyebaran informasi harga karet sampai ke tingkat petani; (3) perlu adanya kemitraan dengan Unit Pengolahan Hasil (UPH) untuk perbaikan kualitas slab yang sesuai dengan standar kualitas bahan olah karet Indonesia; dan (4) pemerintah daerah juga memiliki peranan yang penting, misalnya menyediakan prasarana transportasi dan telekomunikasi serta mengontrol lembaga penunjang lainnya, seperti lembaga perbankan dalam penyediaan fasilitas kredit kepada petani dan pedagang.   Kata kunci: pemasaran karet     ABSTRACT   The study on some problems of public rubber marketing in the Kapuas Regency aimed at: (1) identifying the marketing channel; (2) knowing the marketing structure; (3) knowing the marketing conduct; and (4) knowing the marketing performance. The study used the survey method. The farmers were selected as respondents by purposive simple random sampling. Rural wholesalers, distric wholesalers, and regency wholesalers were selected by snowball sampling. The marketing channel was descriptively explained and the quantitatif data were analyzed by: (1) the ratio consentration approach to know the market structure of rubber; (2) the corellation and prize transmission elasticity to know the market conduct of rubber, namely the corelation for the horizontal rubber market integration; the price trasmission elasticity to know vertical rubber market integration; and (3) the marketing margin and profit share to know the marketing peformance. The study result indicate that (1) there were six kinds of rubber marketing cannel, the best of which was the farmer – district wholesaler – exporter channel. This cannel was used by only a few farmers in the area under investigation, thus only a few farmers had good access to the exporter. Most of the farmers marketed their rubber through the medium marketing channel That was the farmer - rural wholesaler - regency wholesaler – exporter channel. The farmers were forced to use this channel because they highly depended on the wholesaler in fulfilling daily needs; (2) the market structure at village level, distric level, and regency level was of middle concentration oligopsony revealing that the farmer only had medium power in influencing the market. The market structure at the exporter level was monopsonic showing that only the exporter had power over the market; (3) the market conduct showed improper integration of rubber price at the markets, both horizontal and vertical; and (4) the market performance showed a relatively big marketing margin and was dominated by a big and uneven profit share. This shows the inefficiency of rubber marketing, harming the low level wholesalers and farmer at the lowest position. Looking at it from the rubber production at farmer level, the market conduct and performance harm the wholesaler at lower level and the farmers at lowest position, because the quality of rubber was lower than the Indonesian standard rubber quality. Due to the structure, conduct, and peformance of the market as explained ebove, the wholesaler received more profit and the farmer receives less price share. Base on the research result, it is suggested that: (1) a supporting institution suct as cooperative is paramount to cut the dependence of the farmer on certain wholesalers; (2) the distribution of information about the rubber price has to reach the farmer level; (3) partnership with the Yield Processing Unit (YPU) for the quality enhancement has to be in line with the rubber quality standard in Indonesia; and (4) the local government has an important role, such as in providing transportation and telecommunication means and controlling the other supporting institutions, such as banking institution in providing the credit facilities for the farmers and wholesalers.   Keywords: rubber, marketing
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN REKRUITMEN CALON PEGAWAI NEGERI SIPIL DALAM PERSPEKTIF GOOD GOVERNANCE Amirullah - -; Bambang - Santoso H; Sumartono - -
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 12 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRACT   This research is conducted to figure out how the process implementation of recruitment policy of civil servant candidate which is frequently in conduction become public focus because the impression a rouse is it become a place for corruption, collusion and nepotism  practice. This kind of impression will always emerge activity of levying of civil of public servant candidate it not conducted transparently and accountability. So the principle of openness become very urgent representing one of point in good governance. The main problems taken as focus in this research are: (1) The role of actor in implementation of recruitment policy of civil public  servant  candidate covering: announcement, registration, administrative selection, academic test, academic test result inspection, determination the pass of  participants  and placement. (2) Supporting factor and barrier factor in the implementation of recruitment policy civil public servant candidate. (3) The taken by Government of Enrekang Regency in realizing good governance connection to the recruitment process of civil public servant candidate covering: transparency, information and accountability. The study used qualitative research method. Data collection using interview technique, and the documentation, with informant selected is local Secretary, for example as the chief of selection committee civil public servant candidate in Enrekang Regency and all off committee members directly involved in committee, Data analysis using interactive analysis model  from Milis and Hubermen. The results obtained in this research are: The role actor in implementing the recruitment policy civil public servant candidate, but in Enrekang Regency. The announcement. The execution still not yet fully transparent or still in limited scale, the deadline of registration which should be 15 days were in fact only 13 days. The lack of clearness of the contain of the announcement caused 353 applicants, do not pass in the administration selection. The academic test is still have character of common knowledge, there is deviling test based on education/majority qualification. The inspection have been conducted according to the ongoing rule. The pass determination the result of inspection pass sent to Regent at the determination meeting. The placement of the civil public servant candidate in to the work unit, some of them were not match with the formation determined by Enrekang Regent before. Stimulus factors (a) accountability of human resource, (b) fund support and material support, (c) the coordination and the involvement of related institutions,  (d) the local authority in execute the recruitment.  Barrier factors, (a) very short time problem, (b) the committee having trouble in accepting application letter because the were directly brought to the committee secretary and the time had to be verified too. The effort taken government of Enrekang Regency in realizing good governance related to accordingly the recruitment process of civil public servant candidate covering transparency, information and accountability, can be seen trough the decisions of Enrekang Regency about the formation determination and education qualification related to the officer needs analysis, and the until the determination of academic test result had been wide spread through announcement of Enrekang Regent, and also the existence of seriousness in executing entire activity chains of officer levying , so that the target to recruit or fill formation have succeeded. From this research results it is suggested the following:  In order to make the change of society broader to apply, it is better if the announcement, using multi media whether printed media or electronic. It is also the proffering deadline is matched to the on going rule. In term of the test conduction should be better there were material test division according to qualification of education and mayors. It’s also better be given an alternative to applicant to usher direct or can also send the application letter trough the closest Post officer and Giro. And for the in future government of Enrekang Regency, more improve it’s commitment, so that the implementation of those principal really can be felt by society start from the announcement until the final process activity of levying civil public servant candidate.   Keywords:  good governance, public servant, recruitment     ABSTRAK   Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses implementasi kebijakan rekrutmen calon pegawai negeri sipil yang sering kali dalam pelaksanaanya menjadi sorotan masyarakat karena kesan yang timbul adalah menjadi ajang praktek korupsi, kolusi dan nepotisme. Kesan semacam ini akan selalu muncul bilamana  dalam kegiatan   pengadaan calon pegawai negeri sipil tidak dilakukan secara transparan dan berakuntabilitas. Jadi, prinsip keterbukaan menjadi hal yang sangat urgen yang merupakan salah satu point dalam good governance. Pokok permasalahan yang dijadikan fokus dalam penelitian ini adalah: (1) Peran aktor dalam mengimplementasikan kebijakan rekrutmen calon pegawai negeri sipil yang meliputi: pengumuman, pendaftaran, seleksi administrasi, tes akademik, pemeriksaan hasil tes akademik,penentuan kelulusan peserta tes dan penempatan. (2) Faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam mengimplementasikan kebijakan rekrutmen calon pegawai negeri sipil. (3) Upaya yang ditempuh oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten Enrekang dalam mewujudkan good governance sekaitan dengan proses rekrutmen calon pegawai negeri sipil yang meliputi: transparansi, informasi dan akuntabilitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dengan  teknik  wawancara, dan dokumentasi, dengan penentuan  informan  awal yang dipilih adalah  Sekretaris Daerah,  selaku Ketua Panitia  Seleksi Calon  Pegawai Negeri Sipil di Kabupaten Enrekang serta seluruh  panitia  yang  terlibat langsung  dalam   kepanitian. Analisis data menggunakan analisis model  interaktif dari Milis dan Huberman. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah: Peran aktor dalam mengimplemetasikan kebijakan rekrutmen calon pegawai negeri sipil di Kabupaten Enrekang masih belum sepenuhnya transparan atau masih dalam skala yang terbatas, batas waktu pendaftaran yang semestinya 15 hari ternyata hanya 13 hari. Kurang jelasnya isi pengumuman mengakibatkan 353 (tiga ratus lima puluh tiga) pelamar dinyatakan tidak lulus dalam seleksi administrasi. Pelaksanaan tes akademik, masih bersifat pengetahuan umum tidak ada pemilahan tes berdasarkan kualifikasi pendidikan/jurusan. Pemeriksaan hasil tes, sudah dilakasanakan sesuai ketentuan yang berlaku. Penentuan kelulusan, hasil pemeriksaan disampaikan kepada Bupati pada saat rapat penentuan kelulusan. Penempatan calon pegawai negeri sipil ke unit kerja, diantaranya ada yang tidak sesuai dengan formasi yang telah ditetapkan sebelumnya oleh Bupati Enrekang. Faktor Pendukung. (a) sumber daya manusia/aparatur. (b) dukungan dana dan prasarana. (c). koordinasi dan keterlibatan instansi terkait. (d) kewenangan daerah dalam melaksanakan rekrutmen.  Faktor penghambat. (a) masalah waktu yang sangat singkat. (b) panitia mengalami kewalahan menerima berkas lamaran karena diantar langsung ke sekretariat panitia dan saat itu juga diverifikasi. Upaya yang ditempuh oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten Enrekang dalam mewujudkan good governance berkaitan dengan proses rekrutmen calon pegawai neneri sipil yang meliputi transparansi, informasi dan akuntabilitas. Dapat dilihat melalui keputusan-keputusan Bupati Enrekang tentang penentuan formasi, dan kualifikasi pendidkan yang dibutuhkan yang berkaitan dengan analisa kebutuhan pegawai. Serta pengumuman sampai penentuan hasil tes akademik telah disebarluaskan melalui pengumuman Bupati Enrekang. Adanya kesungguhan dalam melaksanakan seluruh rangkaian kegiatan pengadaan pegawai, sehingga tujuan untuk merekrut atau mengisi formasi telah berhasil. Dari hasil penelitian ini disarankan sebagai berikut: Agar kesempatan masyarakat dapat lebih luas untuk mengajukan lamaran sebaiknya pengumuman menggunakan multi media yang ada baik media cetak maupun elektronik. Dan di masa-masa yang akan datang batas waktu pengajuan lamaran disesuaikan dengan ketentuan yang berlaku. Dalam hal pelaksanaan tes akademik sebaiknya adanya pemilahan materi tes sesuai dengan kualifikasi pendidikan dan jurusan. Juga sebaiknya diberikan alternatif kepada pelamar untuk mengantar langsung atau dapat juga mengirim berkas lamarannya melalui Kantor Pos dan Giro terdekat. Dan untuk masa-masa yang akan datang Pemerintah Kabupaten Enrekang, lebih meningkatkan komitmennya, sehingga penerapan prinsip tersebut benar-benar dapat dirasakan oleh masyarakat mulai dari pengumuman sampai proses akhir kegiatan pengadaan pegawai negeri sipil.   Kata kunci: pegawai negeri sipil, rekrutmen
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PEMBANGUNAN PETERNAKAN (Studi Kasus Tentang Gerbang Anak Desa di Desa Sumingkir dan Desa Limbangan Kabupaten Dati II Purbalingga) Alizar - Isna; Sumartono - -; Ismani HP - -
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 12 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRAK   Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk  mendeskripsikan dan menjawab pertanyaan penelitian: mengapa pola pengembangan ternak yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat suatu desa dapat berkembang ? bagaimana proses pola pengembangan usaha ternak yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat tersebut menjadi kebijakan Gerbang Anak Desa ? mengapa pelaksanaan Gerbang Anak Desa di desa tertentu masih dapat berjalan, sementara di desa lain sudah tidak berjalan lagi (tidak berhasil) ?  bagaimana prospek Gerbang Anak Desa sekiranya dilaksanakan di desa-desa lainnya di seluruh kabupaten ? dan apakah Gerbang Anak Desa dapat dijadikan sebagai model alternatif pengentasan kemiskinan ? Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan bentuk studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan tehnik wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Lokasi penelitian dipilih Desa Sumingkir dan Limbangan kabupaten Dati II Purbalingga. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis seperti yang dikembangkan oleh Strauss dan Corbin, yakni dengan melalui prosedur open coding, axial coding dan selective coding. Untuk menetapkan keabsahan data, digunakan tehnik pemeriksaan yang didasarkan atas kriteria derajat kepercayaan, keteralihan, kebergantungan, dan kepastian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola pengembangan usaha ternak yang dirintis oleh masyarakat dapat berkembang karena didorong oleh motivasi individual dan keterbukaan masyarakat untuk menerima gagasan-gagasan baru yang datang dari luar. Keberhasilan penyebaran pola pengembangan ayam buras petelur di daerah lain, dipengaruhi oleh keberhasilan pengembangan pola tersebut pada masyarakat perintis. Proses perumusan kebijakan Gerbang Anak Desa bukan merupakan respon dari adanya permasalahan  yang ada dalam masyarakat, namun lebih diwarnai oleh kepentingan pemerintah daerah, dan proses perumusannya yang didominasi oleh pemerintah daerah. Pelaksanaan "Gerbang Anak Desa" yang dapat berjalan dengan baik karena program tersebut berasal dan didukung oleh motivasi dari dalam masyarakat sendiri. Kegagalan implementasi Gerbang Anak Desa di daerah lain, disebabkan program tersebut berasal dan "dipaksakan" oleh aparat serta kurangnya motivasi dari dalam masyarakat sendiri. Prospek keberhasilan implementasi Gerbang Anak Desa yang sekaligus sebagai alternatif model pengentasan kemiskinan akan sulit terwujud karena  tidak didukung oleh : sumberdaya keuangan, kesiapan aparat pelaksana, kepastian lokasi kawasan, kemampuan sumberdaya manusianya, kepastian keamanan lokasi kawasan, serta kecenderungan pelaksanaannya yang menggunakan pendekatan kekuasaan, lebih bersifat top down, dan tidak menciptakan kemandirian kelompok.   Kata kunci: Gerbang anak desa, peternakan   ABSTRACT   The research dealing with the implementation of animal husbandry development policy is initiated from "the success" of livestock improvement pattern established by the people of Sumingkir Village, which is then developed and decided the Local Government Purbalingga as Gerbang Anak Desa policy, i.e the policy of animal husbandry development and the effort to improve breeders' prosperity in Purbalingga Regency. Before Gerbang Anak Desa policy was implemented in Purbalingga Regency entirely, it was implemented in two pilot villages. Such policy works and "survives" up to now in one ofthe pilot villages, while in another pilot village, it only worked for a year. Although the implementation of Gerbang Anak Desa in on of the pilot villages failed, it does not reduce the enthusiasm of the Local Government to insist on implementing the policy in all Purbalingga Regencies. With regards to "the success" and the failure of the policy implementation, it must be interesting to study : why is a livestock improvement  pattern performed by the people of a village able to develop ? how does the process of livestock improvement pattern performed by such people become Gerbang Anak Desa policy ? why is the implementation of Gerbang Anak Desa in a certain village able to work, meanwhile in another village, it did not work anymore (failed) ? how is the prospect of Gerbang Anak Desa if it is implemented in other villages of the entire regencies ? and whether Gerbang Anak Desa may be used as alternative model of poverty alleviation. While the purpose of this research is to describe  and to provide the answers to the research               questions above. This research applied qualitative approach in the form of case study. The data collection was conducted with intensive interview technique, observation, and documentation. The location of research is Sumingkir and Limbangan Villages Purbalingga Regency. The data analysis was conducted by applying the analysis developed by Strauss and Corbin, namely by open coding, axial coding, and selective coding procedures. To determine the validity of the data, the examination technique was applied based on the criteria of credibility, transferability, dependability, and conformability. The result of the study indicated that the livestock improvement established by the people stated above may grow because of the support of individual motivation and people's openness to obtain external new ideas. The success in distributing domestic chicken improvement pattern to other areas is influenced by the success of such improvement pattern among pioneer people. The formulation process of Gerbang Anak Desa policy is not a respond of the problems existing among society, however it tends to be the interest of the local government, and its formulation  process  is dominated by local government. The implementation of Gerbang Anak Desa which runs well resulted from the fact that the program came from and supported by the motivation of the people themselves. The failure in implementing Gerbang Anak Desa in another area was caused by the fact that the program came from and "being forced" by the governmental agency, as well as the lack of motivation from the people themselves. The prospect of the success in implementing Gerbang Anak Desa and at the same time the passibility to make it as alternative model of poverty alleviation will be difficult to be realized, since it is not supported by: finacial resources, the readiness of human resources, the certainty  of the location, the ability of the human resources, the security of the location ; as well as  the  tendency of the implementation which is more authority approach, top-down style, and does not create group autonomy.   Keywords: animal husbandry, policy
ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN STRATEGI GENERIK TERHADAP KINERJA PADA LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN LUAR SEKOLAH DI KOTA MALANG Ike - Septiyorini; Mohammad - Fatchi; Djumilah - Zain
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 12 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRACT   This study identifies factual description of strategic competition among various Vocational Education Institution in Malang Regency. Using Porter Generic Strategy either partial or combination, this study also reviews Porter Generic Strategy difference that is used partially and in combination with the performance level of the studied vocational education institution. This study is conducted in vocational education institution in Malang Regency eith the number of sample 30 managers from 6 vocational institutions. To ideentify the strategy in vocational education institution based on the use of Porter Generic Strategy, this study used Cluster analyzer method. After being classified base on different strategy among vocational education istitution. Than these strategies are compared by using Manova analysis to find out the performance in vocational education institution. This study indicated that : (1) The vocational education institution applying 13.33% of Difference Strategy from population has excellence in level of students growth; (2) the vocational education institution applying 70.00% of Difference and Focus Strategy from population has average excellence in all performance citeria; (3) The vocational education institution applying 16.66% of Difference and Cost Strategy from population has excellence in level of students growth, the control of operational cost, the control of administration cost, customer (students) recruitment and resources improvement.
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PEMBANGUNAN PRASARANA JALAN Fadjar - Judiono; Timotius - Hartono; R. Rijadi - Soeprapto
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 12 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRACT   This research has been conducted based on the reality about the lack fulfillment of road infrastructure for community, although in the development the transportation got higher budget then other, so the Participation of Society in Road Infrastructure Development need to be investigated further. The aim of this research to know the clearer picture about the society involvement in road development process, through further investigation to society participation in Road Infrastructure Development efforts and the process of participation emerge. The results showed that Society Participation in Road Infrastructure Development proportional with the society’s will for the better road infrastructure. The wills depends on experience, knowledge, and education directly or undirectly. The participation form proportional their own and some thing that they can do, while the participation emerge process along with society wish to get their result of their effort. One cause of society willing to participate in development is their authority, if they have very little authority then they reluctant to participate, while the improvement programs for road infrastructure that have been done give little authority to the society. Implementation process for road infrastructure that oriented to society participation and interest should give much authority to society appropriate with their knowledge, skill and education that can support the program.   Keywords: participation, infrastructure, development   ABSTRAK   Penelitian ini dilakukan atas dasar kenyataan tentang masih belum terpenuhinya kebutuhan masyarakat akan prasarana jalan, meskipun sebenarnya dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan, sekor transportasi telah mendapatkan porsi penganggaran yang lebih tinggi dibanding dengan sekor-sektor lain,  oleh karena itu Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pembangunan Prasarana jalan perlu dikaji lebih dalam. Tujuan Penelitian ini antara lain untuk mengetahui gambaran yang jelas mengenai keterlibatan masyarakat dalam proses pembangunan jalan, melalui pengkajian yang lebih dalam terhadap partisipasi masyarakat dalam usaha pembangunan prasarana jalan dan proses munculnya partisipasi masyarakat tersebut. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Patisipasi Masyarakat terhadap usaha pembangunan prasarana jalan sebanding dengan besarnya keinginan masyarakat terhadap ketersediaan prasarana jalan yang lebih baik. Keinginan masyarakat tersebut tergantung pada pengalaman, pengetahuan dan pendidikan yang mereka peroleh baik secara langsung maupun secara tidak langsung. Bentuk partisipasi masyarakat sebanding dengan apa yang dimilikinya dan apa yang dapat diusahakannya, sedangkan proses munculnya partisipasi masyarakat sejalan dengan munculnya harapan masyarakat untuk dapat memetik buah dari apa yang telah dilakukannya. Salah satu sebab dari kesediaan masyarakat untuk berpartisipasi dalam pembangunan adalah otoritas yang mereka miliki, apabila sedikit sekali otoritas yang mereka miliki maka yang terjadi adalah keengganan untuk berpartisipasi, sedangkan program-program peningkatan jalan yang telah dilakukan sangat sedikit memberi wewenang kepada masyarakat secara langsung. Proses pelaksanaan pembangunan prasarana jalan yang berorientasi kepada kepentingan dan partisipasi masyarakat adalah pelaksanaan pembangunan yang memberikan otoritas sebesar-besarnya kepada masyarakat sesuai dengan pengetahuan, ketrampilan dan pendidikan yang dapat mendukung kelancaran program.   Kata kunci: partisipasi, pembangunan, prasarana
Pemberdayaan Industri Kecil di Pedesaan (Studi Upaya Peningkatan Keberdayaan Pengrajin Kain Tenun Sambas Di Desa Sumber Harapan Kecamatan Sambas Kabupaten Sambas Kalimantan Barat) Kartika - Ningtias; Irwan - Noor
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 12 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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Sambas traditional woven clothes produced in Sumber Harapan Village, Sambas Regency, are not known in neighboring sub-district and regency areas, but also in Pontianak City and even in Malaysia. Although many mid-scale and large organizations went bankrupt because of the tough economic crisis, this small-scale businesses remain operating without any serious hindrance. This proved that small-scale industries do not assign our government any burdens. Concerning this fact, it is recommended that these industries should be empowered.Underlined by these fact, this study is intend to investigate: (1) Some attempts of sambas woven clothes craftmen to raise their empowerment in order to optimize their business potentials, (2) Sambas Regency Government and private sector roles, and (3) sambas traditional woven clothes empowerment process in Sumber Harapan Village, Sambas Regency.The results identify that the craftmen attempts in optimizing their business potentials contain the following values: (a) economical values, covering income raise, family welfare and family existence and their business; (b) social values, covering aspects of increasing craftmen dignity and social status in which they should operate their own business instead of being workers; (c) cultural values, covering their braveness, struggle, creativity, productivity and will to improve woven cloth design. The small-scale industries have provided economic sources, but they still cannot improve craftmen economic continuously.Sambas Regency Government roles as facilitator agency for the small-scale business has made some efforts by releasing some policies and small-scale industries empowerment. Unfortunately, these efforts has produced optimal outcome. To make the same efforts, private business offers partnership plan through merchandising and production patters.The craftmen empowerment is applied through three phases: initial, guidance, help, and establishment. The craftmen position from their initial existence up to economic crisis of 1997-1998 is emansipatory position. This position has improved into empowerment process at the second year of the economic crisis. Keywords: Small-Scale Industry, Empowerment, Rural areas

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