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Wacana, Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 14110199     EISSN : 23381884     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.wacana
Core Subject : Economy, Humanities, Social,
Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
This journal has a focus on inter and multidisciplinary studies of social sciences and humanities. The scope is the socio-cultural phenomenon, the history, and transformation of society, changes, and stagnation of socio-political institutions, actor orientation, and behavior, the performance of political regimes and socio-economic structures. The scope is not limited by state, nation, temporal duration, certain ideas, and narrow beliefs. This journal is open to various approaches, theories, methodologies, research methods carried out by scientists, academics, researchers and practitioners in the fields and disciplines: economics, social, political science, government studies, international relations, sociology, anthropology, demography, history, religious and cultural studies, philosophy of science, communication science, and development studies.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 489 Documents
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ANALISIS RETURN, ABNORMAL RETURN, AKTIVITAS VOLUME PERDAGANGAN ATAS PENGUMUMAN MERGER DAN AKUISISI (Studi pada Perusahaan yang Listed di BEJ tahun 2000-2002) SLAMAT HARIJONO ARITONANG; ATIM - DJAZULI; H.M. HARRY - SUSANTO
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 12 No. 4 (2009)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRACT   Merger and acquisition events can influence market depend on the existence of the content of informations in the merger and acquisition phenomenon or not. If the merger and acquisition contain informations then market will react and vice versa. Objective of this study is to find out the difference of return, abnormal return, trade volume activity, before, in the moment, after the merger and acquisition announcement. Research sample is determined by the purposive sampling method, and there are 9 companies which announce merger and Acquisition between 2000-2002. Statistical experiment used is T-test experiment (paired two samples for means). The observation was done in 11 day, consist of 5 day before, 1 day in the moment, and 5 day after the merger and acquisition. Results of this research show that there is no significant difference between return in period of the moment, after and before-after merger and acquisition announcement. In the case of abnormal return, there is  no signification difference in the before-at the moment and after period, but before-after periods show the significant difference. The activity of stock’s trade volume suggest no signification difference in the before-at the moment, at the moment - after and before-after periods. Cumulatively, it is concluded that merger and acquisition have no information content,  so that market in general give no reaction, it due to the merger and acquisition announcement can’t give positive signal information   Keywords: Merger , acquisition, return, abnormal return, TVA
PENGARUH IKATAN HUBUNGAN, CITRA PERUSAHAAN, NILAI PELANGGAN, KUALITAS DAN KEPUASAN NASABAH TERHADAP LOYALITAS NASABAH BANK PEMERINTAH DI JAWA TENGAH Naili Farida
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 13 No. 2 (2010)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract The study discusses about the integration of relational bonding, relational quality, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty at the state-owned bank in Central Java. The locations of research include Semarang City, Surakarta City, and Cilacap City. Research method uses multi stage sampling. The sample of research counts to 278 customers of Regular Saving from Bank Negara Indonesia (BNI), Bank Mandiri, Bank Rakyat Indonesia, Bank Tabungan Negara, and Bank Pembangunan Jateng. The hypothesis test in this research employs descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The descriptive analysis has loading factor and 5 % significance rate. The objective of research will be to understand and to analyze the relational bonding between the Bank customers through corporate image, customer value, and relational quality as well as customer satisfaction on customer loyalty. The state-owned banks in Central Java already use this model. Result of research in relative with the result of SEM analysis indicates that the relevancy of relational bonding, corporate image, customer value, and customer satisfaction has significant effect on customer loyalty. Therefore, this model should be developed by the state-owned banks to increase the customer loyalty. Keywords: Relational bonding, Corporate image, Customer value, Relational quality, Service quality, Customer loyalty
PENGARUH HUBUNGAN KERJA, PENGALAMAN KERJA DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN BANK CENTRAL ASIA (BCA) CABANG BOROBUDUR, MALANG Laniwidyanti - -; Noermijati - -; Armanu - Thoyib
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 13 No. 2 (2010)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRACT   This study analyzed effects of working relationship, working experience and working motivation toward the employees’ performance in Bank Central Asia (BCA) Branch of Borobudur Malang, either simultaneously or partially, as well as the dominant effect toward performance of the employees. This study was conducted in Bank Central Asia (BCA) Branch of Borobudur Malang, including : KCP Lawang, KCP Singosari, KCP Blimbing, KCP Tumpang, with the number of sample 109 persons comprising of 17 managers and 92 employees to identify the effect of working relationship, working experience and working motivation toward the employees’ performance, therefore multiple regression analysis was applied. Results of the study concluded that : (1) The result of the study simultaneously indicated that the variables of the study, working relationship, working experience, and working motivation have significant effect toward the employees’ performance in Bank Central Asia (BCA) Branch of Borobudur Malang, (2) The result of the study partially indicated that the respective variables including working relationship, working experience, and working motivation has significant effect toward the employees’ performance in Bank Central Asia (BCA) Branch of Borobudur Malang. Among the variables, the dominant one is the variable of working motivation.   Keywords: working relationship, working experience, motivation
ANALISIS VARIABEL YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP SPREAD HARGA SAHAM PADA INDUSTRI MANUFAKTUR DI BURSA EFEK JAKARTA SRI UTAMI ADY; Ubud - Salim; Harry - Susanto
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 13 No. 2 (2010)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRAK Spread adalah selisih harga jual dan harga beli saham di pasar modal. Harga jual dan harga beli ditentukan oleh Broker. Besar kecilnya spread dipengaruhi oleh dua faktor yaitu ketidakseimbangan informasi dan persaingan di antara pelaku pasar. Semakin tinggi ketidakseimbangan informasi diantara pelaku pasar maka semakin besar spread. Dan semakin kuat persaingan di pasar modal maka harga jual semakin rendah dan harga beli semakin tinggi sehingga spread mengecil. Pengumuman dividen diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi ke pasar modal dan mengurangi informasi asimetri sehingga spread mengecil. Sebagai proxy dari informasi digunakan variabel kapitalisasi pasar dan lama terdaftar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui : (1) pengaruh dari variabel-variabel dividend yield, volume perdagangan, varian return, harga saham, kapitalisasi pasar dan lama terdaftar terhadap spread baik secara simultan ataupun parsial. (2) Manakah diantara variabel-variabel tersebut yang paling berpengaruh terhadap spread Penelitian dilakukan pada 25 perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Jakarta (BEJ) sebagai sampel penelitian. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive, yaitu pada perusahaan manufaktur yang membayarkan cash dividend dan aktif diperdagangkan pada tahun 1999. Penelitian menggunakan data harian saham di Bursa Efek Jakarta (BEJ) pada periode Januari sampai dengan Desember 1999, metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Regresi Linier Berganda. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa : (1) Variabel dividend yield dan volume perdagangan mempunyai pengaruh negatif signifikan, varian return berpengaruh positif signifikan. (2) Harga saham berpengaruh negatif tidak signifikan dan lama terdaftar berpengaruh positif signifikan. (3) Terdapat multikolinier antara volume perdagangan dan kapitalisasi pasar sehingga kapitalisasi pasar dikeluarkan dari model. (4) Varian return adalah variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap spread. Kemungkinan hasil ini disebabkan data diambil tahun 1999 dimana pertumbuhan perekonomian masih belum stabil, tidak stabilnya kebijakan dividen perusahaan,dan perbedaan motif investor dalam berinvestasi. Kata kunci: spread harga saham. ABSTRACT Spread was differenced between ask-price and bid-price at the capital market. Ask and bid price made by broker. Spread influenced by two factor : assymetry information and competition between the market maker. The higher assymetry information and the strongger competition at the capital market, a lower ask price and a higher bid price, made a lower spread. Dividend anouncement conveys information to the capital market, thereby reducing assymetry information and made a lower spread. As information proxy, we expect market capitalization (firm size) and length of listing. The aim of this research were : (1) to discover the simultaneus and partial relationship between variables, dividend yield, trading volume, return variance, stock price, market capitalization, length of listing and spread. (2) Whose of those variables would give a bigger influenced with spread. Sampel obtained amount to 25 kinds of manufacturer shares traded at the Jakarta Stock Exchange, with purposive tecknical sampling, that was on cash dividend paying and traded on 1999 manufacturer firm. This research used daily stock price at Jakarta Stock Exchange periode of January – Desember 1999. The analysis tools used multiple regression analysis. The result of this research showed that : (1) There was a significanly negative relationship between dividend yield and return variance with spread, a significanly positive relationship between return variance and spread. (2) Stock price was a non significanly negative relationship. (3) There was mulcollinier between trading volume and market capitalization so market capitalization out from the model. (4) Return variance was a bigger influenced with spread. The result was because using 1999th data which economic growth was not stable yet, unstabilyty dividend polecy on the firm and investors behavior differences. Keywords: spread, stock price
PENGARUH VARIABEL INTERNAL DAN EKSTERNAL PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP RISIKO SISTEMATIS SAHAM PADA KONDISI PASAR YANG BERBEDA (STUDI PADA SAHAM-SAHAM ILQ 45 DI BURSA EFEK JAKARTA) Nining Setyowati Dwi Andayani; Moeljadi P.S. - -; M.Harry - Susanto
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 13 No. 2 (2010)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRAK   Fluktuasi harga saham di pasar modal sebagai cerminan ketidakpastian kondisi pasar secara langsung maupun tidak akan berpengaruh terhadap pertimbangan investor dalam mengambil keputusan investasi.  Investor yang rasional, pengambilan keputusan investasi didasarkan pada penilaian return maupun risiko yang terkandung dalam alternatif investasi.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kondisi internal dan eksternal perusahaan terhadap risiko sistematis saham pada kondisi pasar yang berbeda. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa data laporan keuangan harga saham.  Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh emiten yang masuk dalam perhitungan indeks LQ45 selama periode 1999 sampai 2003.  Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknk purposive sampling dan menghasilkan 15 emiten yang memenuhi syarat ditetapkan sebagai sampel. Dengan melakukan analisis regresi linier berganda terhadap variabel penelitian, diperoleh hasil bahwa secara simultan variabel-variabel internal dan eksternal perusahaan berpengaruh terhadap risiko sistematis saham pada kondisi pasar bullish maupun bearish. Secara parsial, variabel TATO, DER, ROI, PER berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap risiko sistematis saham pada kondisi pasar bullish, dengan variabel TATO yang dominan mempengaruhi.  Sedangkan pada kondisi pasar bearish, variabel CR, TATO, DER, PER, PBV, dan AS berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap risiko sistematis saham, dengan variabel AS yang dominan mempengaruhi.   Kata kunci: risiko sistematis, pasar bullish, pasar bearish     ABSTRACT   Fluctuation of stock price in the capital market as an indicator of uncertainty market, it can influence any investment decision of investors. Any rational investors, their investment decisions  are based on return valuation and risk assessment in any investment alternatives.  This research aimed to analyze effects of internal and external variables on the systematic risk of stock at different condition of market. Secondary data used ion this research are  financial report of stock price. Research population is all of emiten which involve in calculation of LQ45 indexes during periode of 1999 – 2003. Purposive sampling is used in this research and result in 15 emiten as a research sample. Results of research show that internal and external variables simultaneously  influence the systematic risk of stock at the bullish market and bearish market. Partially, variables of TATO, DER, ROI, PER significantly influence the systematic risk of stock at bullish market, the dominant variable is TATO.  At the bearish market condition, variables of  CR, TATO, DER, PER, PBV, and AS significantly influence the systemnatic risk of stock, the dominant variables is AS.   Keywords: systematic risk, bullish market, bearish market.
ANALISIS VARIABEL YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRICE EARNING RATIO DALAM PENILAIAN HARGA SAHAM DI BURSA EFEK JAKARTA (TAHUN 1998 – 2001) Marli - -; Soemarsono - -; Munawar - Ismail
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 13 No. 2 (2010)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Penilaian harga saham berdasarkan analisa fundamental diklasifikasikan pada pendekatan dividend discount model dan P/E ratio. Permasalahan yang penting dalam penelitian ini menyangkut tentang aplikasi penilaian harga saham berdasarkan pendekatan PER dengan menggunakan variabel bebas yang dianggap relevan mempengaruhi harga saham. Selain itu, juga dapat digunakan untuk menjelaskan kondisi harga saham, variabel mana yang dominan dan bagaimana perubahan harga sahamnya dengan acuan pada pendekatan P/E ratio. Variabel yang dipertimbangkan oleh investor dalam melakukan investasi di pasar modal diantaranya dividend payout ratio, standard deviation of EPS, return on equity dan debt to equity ratio sedangkan earning growth tetap dipertimbangkan tetapi dengan tingkat signifikansi yang lebih rendah. Return on equity merupakan variabel penelitian yang paling dominan mempengaruhi harga saham. Harga saham di Bursa efek Jakarta belum menunjukkan harga yang wajar dan berdasarkan analisa teknikal dengan menggunakan indikator moving average dan trend, kecenderungan perubahan harga sahamnya tidak selalu menuju nilai intrinsiknya. Kata kunci: P/E ratio, return on equity, debt to equity ratio ABSTRACT The assessment of stock price based on fundamental analyse is grouped on model discount dividend approach and P/E ratio. The important problems in this research include assessment stock price application based on PER approach using independent variable which have relevant influence at stock price. It also used to explain stock price condition, dominant variable, and how is the changing of stock price with based on P/E ratio approach. Variable considered by investor on conducting investment in stock exchange market are: dividend payout ratio, standard deviation of EPS, return on equity, and debt to equity ratio while earning growth also considered but at lower significance level. Return on equity is dominant influence research variable on stock price. Stock price in Jakarta stock exchange market does not indicate usual price yet and based on technical analyse using moving average indicator and trend. The trend of stock price changing does not always refer to it’s intrinsic value. Keywords: P/E ratio, return on equity, debt to equity ratio
ANALISIS VARIABEL YANG MEMPENGARUHI EARNINGS PER SHARE PADA INDUSTRI FOOD AND BAVERAGES YANG GO PUBLIC DI BURSA EFEK JAKARTA Sutejo - -; Bambang - Swasto; Ubud - Salim
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 13 No. 2 (2010)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh variabel-variabel return on equity (X1), net sales (X2), current ratio (X3), debt to equity (X4), inventory turnover (X5), total assets turnover (X6), dan net profit margin (X7) terhadap earnings per share, baik secara simultan maupun secara partial. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengambil keseluruhan elemen populasi industri food and baverages yang go public di Bursa Efek Jakarta, mulai tahun 1992 sampai dengan tahun 1996 dengan rincian sebagai berikut: tahun 1992 berjumlah 9 perusahaan, tahun 1993 berjumlah 15 perusahaan, tahun 1994 berjumlah 19 perusahaan, tahun 1995 berjumlah 20 perusahaan dan tahun 1996 berjumlah 20 perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa return on equity (X1), net sales (X2), current ratio (X3), debt to equity (X4), inventory turnover (X5), total assets turnover (X6), dan net profit margin (X7) secara simultan berpengaruh dalam menentukan variabilitas earnings per share. Variabel inventory turnover (X5) tidak mempengaruhi variabilitas earnings per share, hal ini tentunya tidak terlepas dari kenyataan pada industri food and baverages di Indonesia, dimana untuk menjamin kelancaran dan kualitas bahan baku yang dibeli, perusahaan harus memberikan bantuan teknis maupun modal kerja kepada para supplier lokal, sehingga perusahaan harus menyediakan modal atau kredit lunak dalam rangka kerja sama yang saling menguntungkan. Di sisi lain bahan baku industri food and baverages dalam prakteknya dipengaruhi oleh keberhasilan dan kegagalan panen para supplier, sehingga dari berbagai kendala yang dihadapi industri food and baverages tersebut sebagai akibatnya kadang-kadang bahan baku melimpah dan tidak jarang mengalami kekurangan atau menghadapi kelangkaan. Oleh karena itu tingginya tingkat perputaran persediaan tidak dapat menunjukan efisiensi perusahaan. Diantara variabel bebas yang berpengaruh signifikan tersebut net sales (X2), dan current ratio (X3) mempunyai pengaruh negatif terhadap earnings per share. Net sales (X2) berkorelasi negatif dengan earnings per share disebabkan adanya peningkatan biaya operasional dan meningkatnya jumlah lembar saham biasa setiap tahunya, sehingga peningkatan jumlah lembar saham biasa dan peningkatan net sales (X2) yang tidak di ikuti dengan efisiensi biaya operasional akan menurunkan pendapatan per lembar saham biasa. Sedangkan current ratio (X3) berkorelasi negatif dengan earnings per share; kondisi ini menunjukan adanya investasi yang berlebihan pada current assets, sehingga menyebabkan perusahaan beroperasi kurang efisien. Kata kunci: earnings per share, industri makanan dan minuman. ABSTRACT This research aimed at identifying both the simultaneous and partial influence of such variables as: return on equity (X1), net sales (X2), current ratio (X3), debt to equity (X4), inventory turnover (X5), total assets turnover (X6), and net profit margin (X7), on earnings per share. To examine such influence, this research investigated the food and beverages industries listed at the Jakarta Stock Exchange. The sample investigated included: 9 firms of 1992, 15 firms of 1993, 19 firms of 1994, 20 firms for 1995 and 20 firms for 1996. Results of this research indicate some important findings. First, such variables as: return on equity (X1), net sales (X2), current ratio (X3), debt to equity (X4), inventory turnover (X5), total assets turnover (X6), and net profit margin (X7), simultaneously influence the variability of earnings per share. Second, among these independent variables, it was only X5 which did not significantly influence the variability of earnings per share. This finding is highly related to the fact that the food and beverages industry in Indonesia, to ensure the supply and quality of raw material purchased, the firm must help the local suppliers with technical assistance and working capital. The industry is to provide capital or soft loan to maintain sound and beneficial cooperation. On the other hand, raw material for the food and beverages industry, in practice, is influenced by the successful and fail harvest of suppliers. Finally, as a consequence of the constraints faced by food and beverages industry, lack of raw material is evident in a one period and abundance of raw material is evident in another. Accordingly, high inventory turnover did not indicate the firm’s efficiency. Among the significantly influencing independent variables net sales (X2) and current ratio (X3) showed negative influence on earnings per share. Negative correlation was found between net sales (X2) and earnings per share and was due to the increase of operating expenses and the number of outstanding stock each year. The increasing number of outstanding stock and net sales (X2) which was not sustained by the efficiency of operating expenses, will decrease the earnings per share. On the other hand, the negative correlation between the current ratio (X3) and earnings per share was due to the increase of current asset components, namely, cash, account receivables, and inventory. This indicates over investment in current assets, which in turn, deteriorates the operating efficiency of the firms. Keywords: earnings per share, food and beverages industry
ANALISIS KINERJA REKSADANA SAHAM DAN REKSADANA INDEKS DALAM PENILAIAN TINGKAT EFISIENSI PASAR MODAL INDONESIA Tona Aurora Lubis; Moeljadi - -; Munawar - Ismail
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 13 No. 2 (2010)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRACT The objectives of this research are: first, to know whether LQ-45 Index Fund performs better than the equity mutual fund in Indonesian capital market; second, to measure the level of Indonesian capital efficiency. Results show that the raw performance and risk-adjusted performance of the LQ-45 Index Fund is better than the performance of all equity mutual funds (concurrently). For the investors who wish to invest their capital in equity mutual fund, however, we have found two individual equity mutual fund which perform better than the LQ-45 Index Fund, that is Phinisi Dana Saham and Rencana Cerdas. The result of this research also shows that the excess performance of the LQ-45 Index Fund is smaller than the excess performance of (individual) equity mutual fund. From this result, we may conclude that Indonesian capital market is an inefficient capital market.   Keywords: Equity Mutual Fund, Index Fund, Efficiency Market
FAKTOR PSIKOLOGIS, LINGKUNGAN DAN BAURAN PEMASARAN YANG MEMPENGARUHI PEMBELIAN SEPEDA MOTOR Studi Pada Konsumen Sepeda Motor Bebek 4-tak Merk Suzuki dan Honda di Kota Banjarmasin Taufiq Adi Rahmanie; Fatchur - Rochman; Armanu - Thoyib
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 13 No. 2 (2010)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor psikologis, lingkungan dan bauran pemasaran yang mempengaruhi pembelian sepeda motor bebek 4-tak merk Suzuki dan Honda di Kota Banjarmasin, dan untuk mengetahui variabel yang dominan terhadap keputusan pembelian. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kota Banjarmasin. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik non random sampling dengan motode convenience sampling, dengan jumlah sampel 706 responden (355 konsumen Suzuki dan  351 konsumen Honda). Tingkat signifikansi yang ditetapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah 5%. Sebanyak 49 item dalam daftar pertanyaan yang diuraikan dalam 12 variabel dalam faktor psikologis, lingkungan dan bauran pemasaran. Pengujian terhadap semua instrumen penelitian menunjukkan tingkat reliabilitas dan validitas yang tinggi. Hasil penelitian ini semua variabel bebas yaitu persepsi (X1), sikap (X2), gaya hidup (X3), kepribadian (X4), budaya (X5), kelas sosial (X6), kelompok referensi (X7), situasi penentu (X8), produk (X9), harga (X10), promosi (X11) dan distribusi (X12) mempunyai korelasi yang signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian sepeda motor bebek 4-tak merk Suzuki dan Honda. Diantara keduabelas variabel tersebut, variabel persepsi (X1), sikap (X2), gaya hidup (X3), kelompok referensi (X7), situasi penentu (X8) dan produk (X9) berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap keputusan pembelian sepeda motor bebek 4-tak merk Suzuki dan Honda di Kota Banjarmasin. Koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0.591 menunjukkan kontribusi variabel-variabel independen untuk menjelaskan variabel dependen sebesar 59.1%. Sedangkan variabel yang paling dominan pengaruhnya adalah sikap sebesar 39.6%.   Kata kunci: pemasaran, bauran, psikologis ABSTRACT This research has been done to know psychological, environmental, marketing mix to influence 4 stroke bebek motorcycle (Honda and Suzuki) buying in Banjarmasin, and also to know the dominant variable on buying decision. This research has been done in Banjarmasin. Writer uses non random sampling technique with convenience sampling method.  The total samples are 706 respondents (355 Suzuki consumers and 351 Honda consumers).  A standard significant level in this research is 5%.  All 12 variables of psychological, environmental, and marketing mix factors are being asked into 49 question items. The test of all instruments research show the reliability and validity levels are high. The results of this research are all free variables, that are perception (XI), attitude (X2), life style (X3), personality (X4), culture (X5), social class (X6), reference group (X7)situational determinants (X8), product (X9), price (X10), promotion (X11), and distribution (X12), have a significant correlation to buying decision of Suzuki and Honda 4-stroke bebek motorcycle.  Among 12 variables, perception variable (X1), attitude (X2), life style (X3), referent group (X7), situational determinants (X8), and product (X9) are really influence to buying decision of 4-stroke Bebek Motorcycle (Suzuki and Honda) in Banjarmasin.  Determination coefficient (R2) is 0.591, it shows the contribution of independent variables to explain the dependent variable, that is 59.1%. While the most dominant variable to influence the research is the Attitude (X2), that is 39.6%.   Keywords: marketing mix, attitude, personality , price
PEMBERDAYAAN APARATUR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KINERJA DI KECAMATAN BATU, KOTA BATU ROBIQ - YUNIANTO; AGUS - SURYONO; ISMANI HP - -
Wacana Journal of Social and Humanity Studies Vol. 13 No. 2 (2010)
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRAK   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mendeskripsikan, menganalisa dan mengintepretasikan aspek-aspek yang berhubungan dengan bentuk dan teknik/cara-cara pemberdayaan aparatur; (2) Mendeskripsikan, menganalisa dan menginteprestasikan aspek-aspek yang berhubungan dengan upaya meningkatkan kinerja aparatur Kecamatan Batu. Penelitian yang dilakukan pada Kecamatan Batu Kota Batu ini menggunakan jenis Penelitian Diskriptif Kualitatif yang terbatas pada usaha mengungkapkan suatu masalah dan keadaan atau peristiwa sebagaimana adanya, sehingga bersifat sekedar untuk mengungkapkan fakta. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini lebih menekankan pada makna dari suatu proses daripada sekedar perhitungan statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa upaya pemberdayaan aparatur yang ditempuh melalui bentuk dan tehnik atau cara-cara pemberdayaan secara langsung maupun tidak langsung telah diselenggarakan kendati belum optimal. Berbagai bentuk pemberdayaan aparatur yang diselenggarakan antara lain: (a) Pendidikan dan pelatihan, yang berfungsi meningkatkan kualitas manajerial dan profesionalisme aparatur; (b) Penyelenggaraan motivasi secara umum yang terdiri atas peningkatan penghasilan dan kesejahteraan aparatur, penyediaan sarana dan prasarana kerja, penyediaan sumberdaya keuangan pendukung kinerja dan pemberian penghargaan dan hukuman menghendaki adanya komitmen, peranan dan tanggung jawab lebih dari unsur pimpinan organisasi.  Teknik pemberdayaan aparatur ditempuh melalui serangkaian aktivitas penetapan visi, misi dan hasil capaian yang dikehendaki bersama, pendelegasian wewenang dan pengelolaan  sumberdaya organisasi, serta evaluasi pertanggungjawaban atas hasil capaian. Semua ini menunjukkan isyarat kurangnya keseriusan/ ketidak sungguhan sebagian pihak aparatur dalam unit kerja. Proses penetapan visi, misi hanya sekedar memenuhi aspek formalitas saja. Kinerja aparatur yang merupakan potret indikasi keberhasilan maupun kegagalan dalam proses pencapaian tujuan organisasi yang diselenggarakan oleh segenap aparatur dalam unit kerja Kecamatan Batu masih belum menunjukkan kearah peningkatan yang optimal.   Kata kunci: pemberdayaan, aparatur, kinerja   ABSTRACT   Research designates to (1) describe, to analyze, and to interpret many aspects connected with form and technique/means of apparatus empowerment; (2) describe, to analyze, and to interpret many aspects connected with effort of increasing apparatus performance in Batu Sub-district. Type of research located in Batu Sub-district of Batu City classifies as Qualitative Descriptive confined on exerts of revealing one problem and event or condition as presented, as if just only uncovering the fact. Therefore, research supposes to stress on meaning of process rather than only statistical measurement. Result of research indicates that effort of apparatus empowerment seems to be viewed through form and technique or means of direct or indirect empowering, though less optimum; 2) already managed apparatus empowerment comprises to: (a) education and training, functioned as increasing apparatus’ managerial quality and professionalism to achieve consistency of maintaining and employing potential alumni among trained participants; (b) general motivation implementation consisting of increasing income and welfare of apparatus, providing facility and work infrastructure, giving financial resource to support performance, and rewarding gift and punishment to strengthen commitment, role, and responsibility more than just had by leadership. Some of all empowerment forms do not represent full authority of Batu Sub-district, but only depend on above level authority. Technique of apparatus empowerment, held through set of activities, such as determining vision, mission, and collective ends, delegating authority and management of organization resources, and evaluation of result, appears sign of lack of seriousness / unwillingness from part of apparatus in operational unit. Withstanding mainly to process of determining vision, mission remains only as fulfilling formality aspect toward organization image based on performance. Apparatus performance portrays succeed or failure indications during organization goal achievement in operational unit of Batu Sub-district, that reaching less than optimum. Performance measures, involved quantity, quality, time punctual and job acknowledgement, do not move linearly (imbalance). Potential apparatus of Batu Sub-district have capability of increasing performance, when empowering to do so.   Keywords: empowerment,  aparature, performance

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