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Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 20878273     EISSN : 24606278     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture (JITAA) is a double blind peer-reviewed publication devoted to disseminate all information contributing to the understanding and development of animal agriculture in the tropics by publication of original research papers
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 39, No 2 (2014)" : 10 Documents clear
Back-Matter (June 2014) Kurnianto, Edy
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 39, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.39.2.%p

Abstract

THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF KEJOBONG GOAT BASED ON CYTOCHROME B GENE J. Jiyanto; S. Sutopo; E. Kurnianto
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 39, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.39.2.75-82

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to identify Kejobong goat based on Cytochrome b gene variationby Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Sequencing technique and to analyze the genetic relationship byusing phylogenetic tree. Materials used were blood sample of 12 heads of Kejobong goat fromKaligondang, Pengadegan, Kejobong, and Bukateja Districts. The steps of this research included DNAextraction, PCR, electrophoresis and DNA sequencing. Forward primer 5'-tggaatctaaccatgaccaatg-3 'andreverse 3'-ggctattctccttttctggttt-5' were used in PCR process. The results of sequences were thenanalyzed by ClustalW in the MEGA 5. The result of this study showed that DNA could be extractedwell. The good results obtained from sequenced for about 779 bp at the nucleotide of 238 to 1016 inCytochrome b. A total of 7 codons diverse sites were detected (sites of 103; 122; 165; 167; 198; 215 and284) at Kejobong goats. There was change in amino acid at 2 sites, those were at 165 sites (*) replacedby (W) in K1 and K2 samples, and at 215 sites (T) replaced by (A) in all samples of Kejobong goats.Kejobong goats at 4 Districts had low genetic distance (0.000-0.001). The analysis of Cytochrome bgene of Kejobong goats originated from different area showed the high similarity and a close geneticrelationship.
CHARACTERISTICS OF PROBIOTIC KOUMISS FROM GOAT MILK WITH ADDITION OF ROSELLE EXTRACT (Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linn) Nuraeni, E.; Arief, I.I.; Soenarno, M.S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 39, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.39.2.117-125

Abstract

Goat milk and roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn) are food ingredients with health functionalproperties. This research used Lactobacillus acidophilus RRAM-01 and Lactococcus lactis RRAM-01which had been proven as probiotic, and Saccharomyces cereviceae. Saccharomyces cereviseae wasused to produce specific flavor components in koumiss (bacterial fermentation product). The objectiveof this research was to study the characteristics of goat milk probiotic koumiss added that with roselleextract. The results showed that the addition of different concentration of roselle extract (0%, 0.5%, and1%) in the goat milk probiotic koumiss had no effect on chemical and microbiological characteristics ofkoumiss. Goat milk processed into koumiss had ability to suppress the growth of coliform and hadstrong inhibition activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 as tested by agar diffusion test.Microbiological analysis used in this research was the pour plate method. Population of lactic acidbacteria indicated that the product fulfilled standards as probiotics koumiss (1011 cfu/mL), coliform wasnot detected in the products, therefore the products met the criteria of The National Agency of Drug andFood Control (NA-DFC) as probiotic functional food. Sensory evaluation was conducted by usinghedonic quality test. Based on the hedonic quality test, addition of different concentrations of roselleextract increased the intensity of red color and koumiss viscosity, but had no effect to the aroma andsourness of koumiss.
AMMONIA INHIBITION IN THERMOPHILIC ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF DAIRY CATTLE MANURE Sutaryo, S.; Ward, A. J.; Moller, H. B.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 39, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.39.2.83-90

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of five different concentrations of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN)and free ammonia (FA) on the methane yield and digester performance under thermophilic conditions(50°C). Five identical continuously fed digesters were used. The experiment was run for four timeshydraulic retention time (HRT). Data were statitically analysed using the data Analysis Tool Packavailable with the Microsoft Excel program. Different ammonia levels were obtained by pulsing urea toobtain the target level of TAN and FA, and to subsequently maintaining the concentration of ammonialevels by daily urea additions. The result showed a strong negative correlation between both TAN andFA concentrations and methane yield. The methane yield was reduced by 24, 30, 52 and 66% indigesters that had TAN levels of 2.9, 3.6, 4.4 and 5.1 g/L, respectively, corresponding to 0.7, 1.1,1.5 and1.8 g/L FA. Total volatile fatty acid and especially isovaleric and isobutyric acid concentrations wereelevated during ammonia inhibition. Concentration of TAN in the biogas digester exceeding 3 g/Lindicating that very often the full biogas potential is not achieved due to ammonia inhibition and thatlonger HRT should be used to compensate or a lower process temperature should be chosen.
THE ANALYSIS OF SEMI INTENSIVE NATIVE CHICKEN FARMING IN RURAL COMMUNITIES Wantasen, E.; Elly, F.H.; Santa, N.M.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 39, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.39.2.126-133

Abstract

The study was aimed to determine the income for semi intensive native chicken farming and todetermine the factors influence it. The study was conducted by survey method and direct interview usingquestionnaire to 35 members of farmers group “Poyuyanan” in Poyowa Besar Village, SouthKotamobagu Dstrict North Sulawesi Province. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and quantitativeanalysis using multiple regression analysis of Cobb-Douglass model. The result showed that farmer withan average ownership of 8 hens could obtain income equivalent to 37.9 kg of rice per month. Theregression analysis showed that altogether the dependent variables had effect to income as much 81.2%(R2 = 0.821). Partially variables that could increase farmers’ income were hatching rate, number ofproductive hen, cost of production and number of eggs hatched. Mortality was the only variable thatdecreased farmers’ income. Cost of production in semi intensive native chicken farming which mainlyfor buying feed could increase the production and income for farmers that in turn would support foodavailability of rural communities in Poyowa Besar Villages
EXTRACTION OF TANNINS AND SAPONINS FROM PLANT SOURCES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON In vitro METHANOGENESIS AND RUMEN FERMENTATION Yuliana, P.; Laconi, E.B.; Wina, E.; Jayanegara, A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 39, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.39.2.91-97

Abstract

This study was aimed to extract tannins from Swietenia mahagony and saponins from Sapindusrarak by using different solvents, and to test their extracts on in vitro rumen fermentation andmethanogenesis. Solvents used for extraction were water, methanol, acetone and their combinations.Tannin and saponin extracts were added into each incubation bottle containing Brachiaria humidicolagrass and Indigofera sp. legume (1:1 w/w) according to the following treatments (in four replicates): R1:control substrate, R2: R1 + 0.5 mg/ml tannin extract, R3: R1 + 1 mg/mL tannin extract, R4: R1 + 0.5mg/mL saponin extract, R5: R1 + 1 mg/mL saponin extract, R6: R1 + 0.5 mg/mL tannin extract + 0.5mg/mL saponin extract, and R7: R1 + 1 mg/mL tannin extract + 1 mg/mL saponin extract. Resultsrevealed that 75% water + 25% methanol was the best solvent to extract tannins from S. mahagonywhereas 100% methanol was the best to extract saponins from S. rarak. The highest gas production andthe lowest methane emission were obtained in R7. It can be concluded that combination of tannin andsaponin extracts were potential in mitigating ruminal methane emissions.
THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND VARIOUS SAMPLES PREPARATION METHODS FOR In Vitro GAS TEST OF TWO TROPICAL FEEDS Daryatmo, J.; Kustantinah, K.; Orskov, E.R.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 39, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.39.2.98-103

Abstract

A 3x2 factorial experimental design was conducted to evaluate the chemical composition ofSesbania grandiflora (SG) and Manihot esculenta Crantz (MEC) leaves and to measure the effects ofpreparation and drying methods on the in vitro gas production in the presence and absence of PEG. Thecollected samples were divided into three groups: One group was fresh samples (F). The second groupwas oven-dried at 55°C for 48h (OD) and the last group was freeze-dried at –40°C for 72h (FD). Resultsshowed that the mean value of gas production from fresh SG and MEC samples were not significantlyhigher (P<0.05) than from FD and OD samples. In SG and MEC, the mean value of gas production ofFD was not significant compared to OD samples (P>0.05). Gas production from samples added withPEG were higher (P<0.05) than without PEG. In conclusion, the preparation and drying methods of feedsamples could affect the volume of gas production. The addition of PEG in SG and MEC resulted inhigher gas production volumes.
DIETARY ENERGY UTILIZATION IN RAMS BEING FED DURING THE DAY AND/OR AT NIGHT Aprilliza, M.N.; Purnomoadi, A.; Rianto, E.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 39, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.39.2.104-110

Abstract

A study was carried out to assess dietary energy utilization in male fat-tailed sheep being fed duringthe day and/or at night. This study were used 12 rams of 12-18 months old with average of initial bodyweight of 27.05±2.9 kg (CV = 10.74%). The experimental design used in this study was a completelyrandomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were feeding during theday (06.00-18.00; DF), feeding at night (18.00-06.00; NF), and feeding all day and night (06.00-06.00;DNF). The diet was offered ad libitum. The results showed that feeding during the day and/or at nightdid not significantly affect (P>0.05) all parameters observed. The average of dry matter intake (DMI),average daily gain (ADG), gross energy intake (GEI), energy digestibility (DE) and energymetabolizability (ME) were 1006 g/d, 75 g/d, 19.2 MJ/d, 74.0% of gross energy, and 66.2% of grossenergy, respectively. The feed efficiency ratio (FCR), gross energy efficiency, digestible energyefficiency, and metabolizable energy efficiency were 7.38%, 3.86 g ADG/MJ, 5.24 g ADG/MJ, and 5.84g ADG/MJ, respectively. It is concluded that time of feeding did not affect the dietary energy utilizationin local rams.
Front-matter (June 2014) Kurnianto, Edy
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 39, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.39.2.%p

Abstract

PARAMETERS OF PROTEIN METABOLISM IN GOATS FED DIETS WITH DIFFERENT PORTION OF SUGARCANE BAGASSE Ariyani, S.A.; Nuswantara, L.K.; Pangestu, E.; Wahyono, F.; Achmadi, J.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 39, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.39.2.111-116

Abstract

Fifteen Jawarandu male goats were used to study the effect of different portion of sugarcanebagasse in diets on some parameters of protein metabolism. Goats had average of body weight of 18 kgand aged at 18 months. Animals were housed in metabolic cages and were alloted to a completelyrandomized design receiving three experimental diets with sugarcane bagasse portions of 15, 25, and35% (dry matter basis), respectively. After eight weeks of adjustment period to experimental diets andenvironment, each group of treatment was subjected to ten days of digestion trial, and followed bycollection of rumen liquid samples. Parameters observed were feed digestibility, nitrogen retention,ruminal feed fermentation, and excretion of urinary allantoin to estimate microbial protein synthesis.Data were tested using one way analysis of variance, and followed by Duncan’s mulitiple range test. Drymatter and protein intakes lowered (P<0.05) as the increasing of sugarcane bagasse in diets. Proteindigestibility and retention were unaffected by the treatment of bagasse portion. The dietary treatment didnot change ruminal ammonia, total VFA, acetate, propionate, and butyrate concentrations. Microbialnitrogen synthesis and efficiency of microbial nitrogen synthesis were unaffected by the dietarytreatment.

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