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Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 20878273     EISSN : 24606278     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture (JITAA) is a double blind peer-reviewed publication devoted to disseminate all information contributing to the understanding and development of animal agriculture in the tropics by publication of original research papers
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 9 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 50, No 2 (2025): June" : 9 Documents clear
Front-matter (June 2025) Wibowo, Rahmat
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.2.%p

Abstract

Front-matter (June 2025)
Performance and digestive organ profile of Wandering Whistling Duck fed different protein levels Jamilah, J.; Mahfudz, L. D.; Suprijatna, E.; Wahyuni, H. I.; Sugiharto, S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.2.92-102

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of different dietary protein levels on the performance and diges-tive tract profile of Wandering Whistling Ducks. A total of 108 5-month-old Wandering Whistling Ducks were reared intensively for three months (one-month rearing and feed adaptation period fol-lowed by two months of dietary intervention). The dietary treatments comprised of three protein levels: T1 12%, T2 15%, and T3 18%. Each treatment consisted of nine replications, with each experimental unit consisted of four Wandering Whistling Ducks. The parameters measured in this study were feed consumption, water consumption, feed-to-water ratio, body weight gain, relative weight and length of digestive organ, villus height, crypt depth, villus-to-crypt ratio, histopathological features, digestive tract pH, and ileal bacteria counts. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by Dun-can’s multiple range test. The results indicated that dietary protein levels significantly affected feed consumption, body weight gain, ileal crypt depth, cecal lactic acid bacteria, and gizzard pH. Other pa-rameters showed no significant response to different protein levels. Based on these findings, it was concluded that a dietary protein level of 18% yielded the most favourable outcomes in terms of growth performance and the digestive tract profile of Wandering Whistling Ducks.
Back-matter (June 2025) Wibowo, Rahmat
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.2.%p

Abstract

Back-matter (June 2025)
Genetic diversity of coding sequence (CDS) region of HSP70 gene in Bali cattle Bonawati, Y. G. M.; Suhendro, I.; Jakaria, J.; Noor, R. R.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.2.103-110

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of the Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) gene in the coding sequence (CDS) region and its association with physiological responses in Bali cattle. The samples used in this study consisted of 62 Bali cattle from two different locations in Bali and Se-rading. Physiological data, including respiratory rate, heart rate, rectal temperature, and heat tolerance coefficient (HTC), were collected. The HSP70 gene was amplified using two pairs of primers to target the coding region. SNPs of the HSP70 gene were identified through sequencing. The diversity of SNPs in the coding sequence of the HSP70 gene was determined using the FinchTV 1.4.0 application and version X of the Molecular Evolutionary Genetic Analysis (MEGA) program. In contrast, the association of HSP70 gene SNPs with physiological responses in Bali cattle was evaluated using the GLM method in IBM SPSS Statistics 26. The research discovered nine SNPs within the CDS region of the HSP70 gene, comprising eight synonymous SNPs (c.24C>T, c.31C>T, c.117C>A, c.126G>A, c.324G>A, c.333C>T, c.573G>C, c.1074C>T) and one nonsynonymous SNP (c.1265C>T), which caused an amino acid substitution from threonine (T) to methionine (M). The SNP diversity in the coding sequence of the HSP70 gene showed no significant association (P > 0.05) with physiological responses, including respiratory rate, heart rate, rectal temperature, and heat tolerance coefficient (HTC). The SNPs discovered in the coding region of the HSP70 gene exhibited polymorphism in Bali cattle.
Improving broiler growth and immunity with encapsulated Cosmos caudatus and Andrographis paniculata extracts at high stocking density Agusetyaningsih, I.; Krismiyanto, L.; Yudiarti, T.; Widiastuti, E.; Sari, D. A. P.; Pawesti, S. D.; Sugiharto, S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.2.111-121

Abstract

The community's growing demand for chicken meat as an animal protein source has presented farmers with the challenge to alter the care of broiler chickens by using high cage density. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of diet supplementation with encapsulated extract of kenikir (Cosmos caudatus) and bitter (Andrographis paniculata) extracts on broiler diet to growth perfor-mance, immunity status, and carcass proportion. A total of 370 day-old Cobb broiler chicks, weighing 45.25 ± 0.89 g, were divided into five groups: T0: control, basal diet + density 10 chicks/m2, T1: basal diet + density 16 chicks/m2, T2: basal diet + density 16 chicks/m2 + Cosmos caudatus 1 g/kg feed, T3: basal feed + density 16 chicks/m2 + Andrographis paniculata 1 g/kg feed, T4: basal feed + density 16 chicks/m2 + Cosmos caudatus 0.5 g/kg feed + Andrographis paniculata 0.5 g/kg feed). At the end of the study, the blood sample and internal organ were collected to further analysis. The final weights of groups T2, T3, and T4 were better than T0 and T1, while T1 has the lowest weight among the other groups. Chicks in T0, T2, T3 and T4 had lower PDW levels compared to T1. Chicks in T4 have a high-er jejunum villi height compared to T0, T1, T2 and T3 groups. The treatments did not affect the small intestine and giblets relative organ wights (P>0.05). The group of T0, T2, T3, and T4 have a fewer duo-denum lesion compared to T1. The group of T2, T3, and T4 have a better structure in jejunum cells compared to T0 and T1. Lesion score of Bursa Fabricius and spleen were greater in T3 and T4 com-pared to T0, T1 and T2 groups. And T1 have the lowest ND antibody compared to other groups. In con-clusion, giving encapsulation of kenikir (Cosmos caudatus) and bitter (Andrographis paniculata) ex-tracts on broiler diet can improve production performance and immune status of broiler chickens.
Physicochemical, microbiological, and organoleptic characteristics of quail eggs given moringa leaf flour (Moringa oleifera L.) in Feed Jerahu, V. M.; Ulupi, N.; Wulandari, Z.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.2.122-130

Abstract

Moringa leaf (Moringa oleifera L.) has excellent potential as an alternative source of protein for animal feed because of its abundant nutritional content. It is high in protein biological value, and has good properties. The research aims to evaluate the effects of adding moringa leaf flour to feed on quail eggs’ physical, chemical, microbiological, and organoleptic properties. A total of 120 female quail aged 36 days were used in the study, which lasted for 4 weeks. The experiment was conducted in a fully randomised design. The treatment included four levels of moringa leaf flour addition: P0 (without moringa leaf flour), P1 (2.5% moringa leaf flour), P2 (5% moringa leaf flour), and P3 (7.5% moringa leaf flour). Variance analysis and descriptive analysis were used to examine the data. The findings revealed that moringa flour could reduce egg yolk fat, increased antioxidant activity, and reduced bacteria in eggs. The 7.5% moringa leaf treatment produced the best quail egg quality.
A study on the lactation and reproductive performances of purebred Jersey stock: implications for introducing European dairy breeds in the tropical environment Didanna, H. L.; Asmirew, L.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.2.68-81

Abstract

To fulfil market demand, high-yielding temperate dairying breeds have been introduced to the tropics to boost dairy production. The tropical environment may impact the expression of the genetic potential of improved European breeds. Jersey breed has certain valued traits, i.e., small body size, low maintenance requirement, and milk quality. However, there is lack of empirical evidence on the perfor-mance of the Jersey breed, despite their huge dairy potential and contribution in East Africa. This study was carried out to investigate milk production and reproductive performance of Jersey dairy stock and related environment factors at Wolaita Sodo dairy breeding center. Data from 1164 records from 2008 to 2023 of purebred Jerseys were used and summarized by descriptive statistics, and General Linear Models of SPSS to analyze the effects of different factors on the performance parameters. The results revealed that the overall means for lactation milk yield (LMY), milk yield (DMY), and lactation length (LL) were 1852.5±21.5 litres, 5.5±0.07 litres and 337.2±2.5 days, respectively. LMY, LL and DMY were influenced by calving year and parity. There was a significant interaction among year, season of calving, and parity on LMY. Environmental influence (milking season, and period), and stage of lacta-tion were significantly affected milk yield. The overall means of age at first service (AFS), age at first calving (AFC), calving interval (CI), days open (DO), and number of services per conception (NSPC) were 23.2±0.4 months, 34.9±0.5 months, 462.7±8.1 days, 186.9±7.0 days, and 1.89±0.05, respectively. All reproductive performance traits were significantly influenced by the year of birth/service. CI and DO were influenced by the calving season and parity. Management inconsistency and climate fluctua-tion appear to have a significant impact on cow productivity and reproductive efficiency. Performance levels such as AFC and NSPC are comparable with other results for Jersey herds in tropical countries but far below the genetic ability of the breed, particularly in terms of LMY. Therefore, improvements in management practices, feeding levels, and health management would be critical. Moreover, the study implied that farm-bred/adapted pure European or crossbred dairy cows are appropriate for the high-lands and mid-altitudes in the tropical climate.
Improved immune status by fecal microbiota transplant mediated gut microbiota modulation in late lactation cows in a low land Lathifa, A. D.; Pandupuspitasari, N. S.; Khan, F. A.; Ali, A.; Fadillah, N. A. M.; Prasetiyono, B. W. H. E.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.2.131-143

Abstract

Dairy cows in late lactation experience compromised immune status. A promising strategy to im-prove immune health is to manipulate gut microbiota. This study evaluated the effect of fecal microbi-ota transplant (FMT) on the immunity profile of Friesian Holstein cows during late lactation. Donor cow from the Ciawi, Bogor highlands were selected. Fecal microbiota transplants (FMT) were pre-pared using donor Friesian Holstein cow feces, mixed with glycerol (1:1), diluted in saline, encapsulat-ed in double-layered capsules, and stored at -20°C. The study used a Latin square design with three Friesian Holstein cows in late lactation, testing one control and two FMT levels (5 g and 10 g per day per cow) in a 3% body weight ration (60% elephant grass, 40% concentrate) over three cycles. Using a shotgun metagenomic approach, we identified key microbial populations that correlated with the maintenance of gut homeostasis and immune function. These microbial communities, including Bac-teroides, Bifidobacterium, and Prevotella, produce gut-derived metabolites (acetate, butyrate, and pro-pionate) that influence lymphocytes of T1 (4.02 x 10^3/uL) and T2 (3.87 x 103/uL) and monocytes of T1 (0.38 x 10^3/uL) and T2 (0.31 x 103/uL), thus modulate adaptive immune responses, aid in the re-pair of the intestinal barrier, and strengthened immune system. CAZy enzyme analysis revealed diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes, highlighting the microbial contributions to fiber degradation and SCFA production. Our findings provide valuable insights into the role of the microbiota in regulating the di-gestive and immune systems of dairy cows in lowland climates.
Principal component analysis of morphometric traits in Katjang, Boer, and their crosses goats Hifzan, R. M.; Mamat-Hamidi, K.; Bugiwati, S. R. A.; Dagong, M. I. A.; Nur Aida, M. T.; Salisi, M. S.; Hafiz, A. W. M.; Izuan Bahtiar, A. J.; Nurulhuda, M. O.; Ainu Husna, M. S. S.; Muhammad, M. S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 50, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.50.2.82-91

Abstract

Principal component analysis (PCA) is commonly used to examine the relationship among mor-phometric traits and determine which traits effectively describe the body conformation. This study evaluated the morphometric traits of Katjang, Boer, and Katjang × Boer goats through PCA to identify key indicators of body conformation and productivity. A total of 375 does (100 Katjang, 153 Boer, 122 Katjang x Boer) aged 1.5–2 years were measured for body weight (BW), body length (BL), chest depth (CD), chest girth (CG), height at withers (HW), width at withers (WW), hip height (HH), and rump width (RW) raised under semi-intensive management at MARDI Kluang, Malaysia. Results revealed significant (P < 0.05) interbreed differences, with Boer does exhibiting superior size (BW: 39.95 ± 2.22 kg; CG: 80.77 ± 3.96 cm) and Katjang x Boer does showing intermediate values (BW: 32.35 ± 2.65 kg; CG: 70.10 ± 1.63), reflecting heterosis effects. PCA identified two principal components (PCs), with PC1 (57.8–64.0% variance) strongly correlated with CG (0.89–0.94), BW (0.85–0.90), and BL (0.80–0.85), while PC2 (16.0–17.8% variance) distinguished taller/narrower (positive HH/HW loadings) from shorter/wider conformations (negative RW/WW loadings). Boer goats had the highest PC1 eigen-value (5.12), confirming their robust frame. Chest girth emerged as the most reliable predictor of BW (r = 0.85–0.89, P < 0.01), supported by high communality values (0.81–0.89). Body index classifica-tion placed Katjang in the brevigline group (BI: 81.45 ± 2.34) while Boer and Katjang x Boer does in medioline (BI: 85.12–86.51), aligning with their meat production potential. These findings underscore CG utility in selection programs and highlight the conserved morphological integration across breeds, offering practical benchmarks for genetic improvement under Malaysian climate.

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