cover
Contact Name
Andi Adriansyah
Contact Email
andi@mercubuana.ac.id
Phone
+628111884220
Journal Mail Official
sinergi@mercubuana.ac.id
Editorial Address
Fakultas Teknik Universitas Mercu Buana Jl. Raya Meruya Selatan, Kembangan, Jakarta 11650 Tlp./Fax: +62215871335
Location
Kota adm. jakarta barat,
Dki jakarta
INDONESIA
Sinergi
ISSN : 14102331     EISSN : 24601217     DOI : https://dx.doi.org/10.22441/sinergi
Core Subject : Engineering,
SINERGI is a peer-reviewed international journal published three times a year in February, June, and October. The journal is published by Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Mercu Buana. Each publication contains articles comprising high quality theoretical and empirical original research papers, review papers, and literature reviews that are closely related to the fields of Engineering (Mechanical, Electrical, Industrial, Civil, and Architecture). The theme of the paper is focused on new industrial applications and energy development that synergize with global, green and sustainable technologies. The journal registered in the CrossRef system with Digital Object Identifier (DOI). The journal has been indexed by Google Scholar, DOAJ, BASE, and EBSCO.
Articles 25 Documents
Search results for , issue "Vol 29, No 3 (2025)" : 25 Documents clear
An FFT-based vibration characterization on road profile of two-wheeler electric vehicle Firmansyah, Mohamad Ardy; Feriyanto, Dafit; Firdaus, Himma; Pranoto, Hadi; Istiqomah, Istiqomah
SINERGI Vol 29, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/sinergi.2025.3.023

Abstract

Vibration is an inevitable physical phenomenon; excessive and uncontrolled amounts of vibration can result in damage and system failure. In accordance with various automotive product certification standards, vehicle batteries or rechargeable electrical energy stotrage system (REESS) must undergo a vibration test to assess their mechanical integrity. This study aims to broaden the perspective on vibration assessment by examining it during vehicle operation and assessing the protective capabilities of vehicle suspension against vibrations from damaged roads in two-wheeled electric motor vehicles. The proposed method involves installing an accelerometer on the battery pack body placed in the battery compartment. The experimental setup involved conducting tests on a 125-meter track, with the vehicle traversing roads characterized by concrete cracks, uneven surfaces, and potholes. Two distinct speed variations were selected for analysis: 10 and 15 kilometers per hour. The results obtained from the Rion VA 12 portable vibration analyzer are presented as a plot of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) graph. The maximum acceleration recorded was 2.35 and 1.98 G at the same frequency of 7 hertz (Hz). This research method and result aligns with others, including those focused on assessing road damage, passenger comfort, and vehicle component damage, such as shock absorbers. In the future, the development of a vehicle battery support structure is anticipated to further minimize vibration disturbance by reducing the peak acceleration values depicted in the FFT graph. The minimization of incoming vibrations is expected to enhance the safety and durability of the battery pack. 
Spatial components in social interaction spaces: a review of Jakarta urban kampongs dwellers Anggiani, Mona; Arifin, Lilianny Sigit; Dwisusanto, Yohanes Basuki
SINERGI Vol 29, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/sinergi.2025.3.014

Abstract

Architecture exists because of the response to the needs of human social relationships. Space is one part of architecture that is very important for use in everyday human life, one of which is social interaction space. Urban kampongs are settlements in Jakarta that contain social interaction space for dwellers. This space is an important space and is often discussed in the scope of architecture, but there has been no special review of the aspects that form the social interaction space used by dwellers of urban kampongs in Jakarta. Therefore, it is important to conduct a special study that discusses the aspects that form the social interaction space in urban kampongs. This study is a literature study that uses a qualitative method with a narrative descriptive analysis approach. The basic literature used is an understanding of spaces from the perspective of sociology, anthropology, and geography. The results of the study show that the social interaction space of dwellers of urban kampongs in Jakarta is greatly influenced by non-physical aspects (socio-cultural) and physical aspects (location). This study is very useful for enriching the theory regarding the social interaction space of urban kampongs in particular and the theory of spatial design in general. 
Optimizing intrusion detection with data balancing and feature selection techniques Elsi, Zulhipni Reno Saputra; Supli, Ahmad Affandi; Jimmie, Jimmie; Al-Faris, Muhammad Ghozi; Rapel, David Agustianto
SINERGI Vol 29, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/sinergi.2025.3.019

Abstract

The rapid growth of IoT devices has brought significant security challenges, particularly in detecting various types of attacks within heterogeneous network environments. This study explores the effectiveness of data balancing techniques, including Random Undersampling (RUS), Cost-Sensitive Learning (CSL), Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE), and Randomized Combination Sampling (RCS). Feature selection methods, namely correlation (threshold 0.8) and mutual information (top 15 features), were employed to optimize feature sets. The Decision Tree (DT) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) classifiers were used to evaluate the performance of balanced datasets. The evaluation metrics included accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, G-mean, and ROC curves. The results revealed that SMOTE and RCS outperformed other balancing methods, with SMOTE achieving the highest accuracy (98.7%) and RCS demonstrating robust G-mean values across both feature selection techniques. DT consistently showed better performance compared to LDA across all metrics, while feature selection significantly improved the classification results, particularly under mutual information criteria. However, the analysis highlighted limitations of LDA in handling imbalanced datasets and high-dimensional features. This study concludes that a combination of advanced data balancing and effective feature selection significantly enhances the accuracy of intrusion detection in IoT networks. Future work will focus on integrating real-time detection systems and exploring hybrid models to further improve the detection of complex attacks in dynamic IoT environments. 
Experimental investigation of the Moment Bolted Coupler (MBT) with steel on the bond strength under different monotonic pull-out tests Mohamad Nor, Mohamad Amir; Ahmad, Nursafarina; Mansor, Hazrina
SINERGI Vol 29, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/sinergi.2025.3.025

Abstract

The bond strength between steel reinforcement bars and mechanical bolted couplers (MBT) is essential for the structural integrity of reinforced concrete structures. However, various pull-out test methods yield inconsistent results when assessing this bond strength. This research examines the impact of reinforcement bar diameter (12mm, 16mm, and 20mm) and three different pull-out test configurations (M1, M2, and M3) on the bond strength of MBT couplers. The M1 method, employing direct tensile loading and a standard clamp zone, consistently produced the highest bond strength values across all bar diameters. Its simplicity, reliability, and adherence to standardized procedures make it the preferred method for determining the maximum bond capacity of MBTs. While the M2 and M3 methods offer insights into coupler behavior under complex loading scenarios, they exhibit lower bond strength values compared to M1. The M1 pull-out test method is recommended as the primary method for evaluating the bond strength of MBT in practical applications, with M2 testing as a potential supplement for a more comprehensive understanding of coupler behavior.
Experimental study and optimisation of flexural properties of 3D-printed polylactic acid for energy-storing-and-returning prosthetic foot Suteja, The Jaya; Handoko, Rico; Soesanti, Arum
SINERGI Vol 29, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/sinergi.2025.3.015

Abstract

A prosthetic foot with energy-storing-and-returning capabilities requires high strength to prevent damage, high rigidity for stability, and low weight for user comfort. Therefore, efforts are needed to optimise the properties of the 3D-printed prosthetic foot. Based on the literature review, a research gap remains in understanding the complex interactions among 3D printing parameters that improve flexural properties, minimise mass, and reduce printing time. This study investigated how infill density, layer thickness, shell thickness, and their interaction affect the flexural strength-to-mass ratio, flexural modulus of elasticity, strain, and required printing time of the 3D-printed product. The experimental parameter ranges are infill density (40–60%), layer thickness (0.2–0.3 mm), and shell thickness (0.8–1.6 mm). A case study was conducted to optimise these parameters using the Response Surface Methodology with the Box-Behnken Design. The experimental data were fitted to a quadratic model, and Analysis of Variance determined the significance of individual factors. A gradient-based algorithm then identified the optimal parameter combinations. Results indicated that shell thickness was the most influential factor on the flexural strength-to-mass ratio and flexural modulus. Additionally, the interaction between layer height and shell thickness significantly affected strain, while infill density impacted printing time. The optimal values obtained were 32.5722 MPa/gram for the flexural strength-to-mass ratio, 2727.06 MPa for the modulus, 0.0522 for the strain, and 757.7788 seconds for the printing time. The novelty of this research lies in presenting how the interaction between shell thickness, layer thickness, and infill density affects process productivity and material efficiency while preserving product performance.

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