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Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
ISSN : 0126012X     EISSN : 2338557X     DOI : 10.14421
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities,
Religion Humanities
Al-Jamiah invites scholars, researchers, and students to contribute the result of their studies and researches in the areas related to Islam, Muslim society, and other religions which covers textual and fieldwork investigation with various perspectives of law, philosophy, mysticism, history, art, theology, sociology, anthropology, political science and others.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Studi Agama
Articles 1,223 Documents
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Modernization of Education in the Late Ottoman Empire Khuluq, Lathiful
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 43, No 1 (2005)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre, Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2005.431.23-55

Abstract

Artikel ini berbicara tentang fenomena modernisasi dan westernisasi pendidikan di Turki Usmani yang berpuncak pada era tanzimat pada abad ke-19. Uraian tentang kondisi pendidikan agama tradisional yang dikenal dengan istilah medrese menjelang pemberlakuan program modernisasi pendidikan mengawali tulisan ini sekaligus sebagai latar belakang tulisan ini secara keseluruhan. Bagian ini juga membahas beberapa model lembaga pendidikan tradisional. Beberapa faktor pendorong modernisasi pendidikan dibahas di bagian selanjutnya, baik yang terkait dengan kondisi keterpurukan Turki Usmani dalam bidang militer, politik, sosial, maupun pendidikan itu sendiri. Bagian terakhir berbicara tentang proses modernisasi pendidikan di Turki Usmani, yang dimulai dari sektor militer sebagai program pendidikan untuk mendukung kebutuhan pengembangan kemiliteran. Lembaga pendidikan sipil yang dibentuk pertama dalam kerangka modernisasi pendidikan antara lain adalah sekolah kesehatan dan teknik. Dalam bagian ini juga dibahas tentang hal-hal yang menyertai proses modernisasi tersebut, termasuk faktor-faktor penghambatnya.
The Condition of Jewish Minority in Medieval Egypt: A Study of Jewish Ṣūfī’s Tractate al-Maqālat al-Ḥawḍiyya Epafras, Leonard Chrysostomos
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 51, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre, Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2013.512.409-442

Abstract

During the reigns of Ayyūbids and Mamluks, a group of Jews developed a distinct Jewish spiritual system. The aim of this endeavor was to initiate spiritual renewal. The notable feature of the movement is the incorporation of substantial Ṣūfī elements into its spiritual system. By this unique feature the group might be tentatively called “Jewish Sufism.” This article explores the posture of this group and its understanding of Jewish diaspora and exile, particularly with regards Jewish minority status under Muslim rulers. As a study case, it focuses on the analysis of a Jewish Ṣūfī’s tractate entitled al-Maqālat al-Ḥawḍiyya (The Treatise of the Pool) written by ‘Abd Allāh ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Maymūn (1228-1263/65), the grandson of the prominent medieval Jewish philosopher and community leader (ra’īs al-yahūd), Mūsā ibn Maymūn (Moses Maimonides, 1135-1204). The article further argues that the tractate reflected Jewish struggle as minority under Islamic rulers and the contemporary socio-political upheaval. Besides the spiritual renewal, the discipline it endorsed was a way to cope with this minority status as well. Furthermore, the absorption of Sufism into Jewish spirituality may indicate a more dynamic interaction between Jews and Muslims in this period. [Pada masa pemerintahan dinasti Ayubi dan Mamluk di Mesir, sekelompok anggota komunitas Yahudi mengembangkan wacana spiritualitas yang unik demi pembaharuan hidup rohani mereka. Keunikan kelompok ini adalah karena dalam wacananya menyerap unsur-unsur Sufisme Islam. Gejala ini karena itu disebut Sufisme Yahudi. Artikel ini mengeksplorasi keberadaan kelompok tersebut dan pemahaman mereka akan diaspora Yahudi, terutama dalam kaitannya dengan kondisi minoritas mereka. Sebagai studi kasusnya adalah traktat spiritual bertajuk al-Maqālat al-Ḥawḍiyya (Traktat tentang Kolam) yang ditulis oleh ‘Abd Allāh ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Maymūn (1128-1263/65), cucu dari filsuf dan pemimpin Yahudi Abad Pertengahan (ra’īs al-yahūd), Mūsā ibn Maymūn (Moses Maimonides, 1135-1204). Artikel ini mengungkapkan bahwa karya tersebut mencerminkan pergumulan kaum Yahudi sebagai minoritas dan ketegangan sosio-politis yang mereka alami. Disiplin rohani yang disarankannya juga dimaksudkan untuk mengatasi status minoritas tersebut. Lebih dari itu, penyerapan unsur Sufi ke dalam spiritualitas Yahudi ini mendorong ke arah hubungan Yahudi dan Muslim yang lebih dinamis pada masa itu.]
Gender Issues in Application of Islamic Law in Nigeria Umar, Muhammad S.
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 45, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre, Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2007.451.29-56

Abstract

This essay explores gender issues in the contemporary application of Islamic law in the Muslim majority-states of northern Nigeria. Brief political background helps to explain the shari‘a codes enacted by the legislatures of the states, drawing largely from the classical formulations of Maliki school of Islamic law. Women were among the first to be prosecuted and sentenced to death by stoning for the offence of zinā. To provide effective legal defense for the accused women, their lawyers and activists for women human rights had to argue in Islamic law before they could convince Shari‘a Courts of Appeal to overturn the sentences of death by stoning and set the women free. In the process, women activists learned a lot about the classical formulations of Maliki school of Islamic law, where they discovered the rich flexibility of Islamic thought, and that has empowered them to articulate Islamic criticisms against gender bias in the recently enacted shari‘a codes.
The Methodology of al-Maturidi’s Qur’anic Exegesis: Study of Ta’wilat Ahl al-Sunnah Rofiq, Ahmad Choirul
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 47, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre, Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2009.472.317-342

Abstract

According to Islamic theology, al-Maturidi is one of the three prominent Muslim theologians of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jamaah who are called aqtab madhhab Ahl al-Sunnah wa’l-Jama‘ah (the leaders of Sunnite school of thought). In addition to his reputation as a theologian, al-Maturidi actually was competent in various Islamic sciences. In Quranic exegesis, he has Ta’wilat Ahl al-Sunnah or Ta’wilat al-Qur’an. Unfortunately, this fact isnt known well by Islamic researchers. This article is going to elucidate the features of his work that encompass at least seven characteristics. Al-Maturidi prefers to combine the naqli (traditional) and ‘aqli (rational) sources. Consequently, it can be identified as tafsir bi’l-izdiwaj or the exegesis that amalgamates tafsir bi’l-ma’thur (traditional exegesis) with tafsir bi’l-ra’y (rational exegesis). He is not an interpreter who uses excessive grammatical analysis to interpret the Quranic verses. He sometimes presents many styles of qira’ah (recitation of the Quran) without thorough explanation. He almost never uses Isra’iliyyat (the Judeo-Christian traditions and tales) to interpret the Quranic verses. He favors tawassut (nonaligned and independent standpoint) when he deals with different viewpoints among theologians. He tends to follow the Hanafite school of thought in discussing the jurisprudential Quranic verses. He applies asbab al-nuzul (the causes of revelation) loosely.
Editorial: Between Tradition and Modernity
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 49, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre, Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2011.492.ix-xi

Abstract

The relationship between religious ‘tradition’ and ‘modernity’ is a central theme in various academic debates. Of the heatedly debated topic is concerning religious identity in the face of constantly political, economical, and global changes. As with other religious communities, Muslims have to response to these changes, on the one hand, and to the call for preserving their religious identity, on the other.
The Cohesiveness of Muslim Pangestu Members in Salatiga, Central Java Suciati, S.
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 52, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre, Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2014.521.85-99

Abstract

The drying of spirituality and weakening of cohesiveness in the midst of materialistic hedonistic modern world become major challenge for the adherents of official religions in Indonesia. The practice of religions is considered too much focusing on ritual aspects. Therefore, those teachings cannot give the real meaningfulness of religious life. Consequently, some adherents of official religions begin to see other spiritual/mysticism sects. This study describes the social cohesiveness among muslims who become members of Pangestu, a spiritual-mysticism sect widely spreading among Javanese society in Indonesia. This research shows that the Pangestu in Salatiga, Central Java, can fulfill social, economic, and spiritual needs of its members. Among the underlying factors that make Pangestu succeed to meet its members’ needs and expectations are the capability of the members to intensely communicate with each other through meetings and bawaraos (Jv, informal gathering), the great concern between members, good-example of leadership, the defense of Pangestu’s good name, and the satisfaction in experiencing meaningfulness of religious practices.[Kekeringan spiritual dan lemahnya kebersamaan di tengah dunia modern yang serba hedonistik menjadi tantangan utama bagi para pemeluk agama di Indonesia. Praktik-praktik keagamaan terlalu banyak terfokus pada aspek ritual, sehingga ajaran agama tidak mampu menghadirkan praktek-praktek keagamaan yang benar-benar bermakna. Hal ini mendorong sebagian pemeluk agama untuk melirik aliran kepercayaan dan kebatinan. Artikel ini mendeskripsikan keguyuban sosial di antara orang-orang Islam yang menjadi anggota Pangestu, sebuah aliran kepercayaan di Indonesia yang banyak menyebar terutama di kalangan masyarakat Jawa. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Pangestu di Salatiga, Jawa Tegah, mampu memenuhi kebutuhan sosial, ekonomi, dan spiritual para anggotanya. Di antara faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan Pangestu dalam memenuhi harapan para anggotanya adalah adanya komunikasi intensif antar anggota melalui pertemuan dan bawaraos (Jv, kumpul-kumpul), perhatian yang besar terhadap anggota lainnya, teladan kepemimpinan yang bagus, pembelaan terhadap nama baik paguyuban Pangestu, dan kepuasan dalam menyelami kebermaknaan praktik-praktik keagamaan.]
Fasting in Countries Where The Day is Very Long or Very Short: A Study of Muslims in the Netherlands Burhani, Ahmad Najib
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 51, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre, Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2013.511.159-188

Abstract

Ramadan falls both during winter and autumn months, when the days are cool and short, and spring and summer months, when the days are long and hot. Fasting in areas where the climate is extremely hot and the day is more than twenty hours is a double hardship that can be a dangerous assault on physical condition. In contrast to that, fasting in areas where the day is very short is, to some extent, like an interval between breakfast and lunch or between lunch and dinner. This article, therefore, intends to discover how Muslims in the countries where the day is either very long or very short deal with the problem of the fasting time. This research is based on the practices of some Muslims in the Netherlands with a variety of countries of origin. This article attempts to answer the following questions: How did they manage their fasting time in the summer or when the day is very long? How did they manage their fasting time in the winter or when the day is very short? What kind of fiqh book or fatwā did they use as reference? Did they think that fasting obligation was dangerous for their health when the day was very long? [Bulan Ramadan bisa tiba pada musim dingin dan musim gugur, ketika siang hari pendek dan sejuk, tetapi Ramadan juga bisa tiba pada musim semi dan musim panas, ketika siang hari sangat panjang dan panas. Puasa di tempat yang sangat panas dan dengan panjang siang hari lebih dari dua puluh jam adalah beban yang berat dan bisa berbahaya bagi kondisi fisik pelakunya. Sebaliknya, puasa di tempat yang siang harinya sangat pendek terasa tak seperti puasa karena ia hanya seperti interval antara makan pagi dan makan siang atau antara makan siang dan makan malam. Tulisan ini didasarkan pada penelitian terhadap praktik berpuasa orang-orang Islam di Belanda dari berbagai negara asal. Pertanyaan yang ingin dijawab dalam tulisan ini adalah: Bagaimana umat Islam Belanda melaksanakan puasa pada musim panas atau ketika siang hari teramat panjang? Bagaimana pula mereka menjalankan puasa pada musim gugur atau ketika siang hari sangat pendek? Buku fikih apa atau fatwa dari siapa yang mereka pakai sebagai dasar praktik ibadah puasa itu? Apakah mereka berpikir bahwa praktik puasa di musim yang siang harinya sangat panjang akan berbahaya bagi kesehatan mereka?
Spirituality Amidst the Uproar of Modernity: the Ritual of Dhikr and its Meanings among Members of Naqshbandy Sufi Order in Western Europe Asfa, Widiyanto
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 44, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre, Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2006.442.251-274

Abstract

Artikel ini dimaksudkan untuk menelaah ritual dhikr dan maknanya di kalangan jamaah Naqshabandy di Eropa. Artikel ini tidak hanya mengungkapkan hasil pengamatan semata, tetapi juga mencatat ekspresi pengalaman jamaah sufi dengan bahasa mereka sendiri. Dengan demikian, diharapkan tradisi sufi tidak hanya dipahami sebagai fenomena sosial biasa, tetapi lebih sebagai tradisi yang terus hidup dan berkembang dalam masyarakat. Pada dasarnya, Naqshabandy adalah aliran sufi yang mengutamakan ketenangan dalam menapak jalan menuju Tuhan. Dhikir bagi jamaah Naqshabandy mengandung berbagai makna, baik yang abstrak maupun yang praktis. Sejarah juga telah mencatat keterlibatan kaum sufi, termasuk Naqshabandy, dalam persoalan politik dan ekonomi. Ini akan terus berlanjut bila situasi dan kecenderungan kelompok sufi mendukung ke arah tersebut sehingga tidak hanya terkait dengan persoalan spiritual, tetapi juga jaringan ekonomi dan politik.
Re-orienting the ‘West’? The Transnational Debate on the Status of the ‘West’ in the Debates among Islamist Intellectuals and Students from the 1970s to the Present Noor, Farish A.
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 47, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre, Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2009.471.1-47

Abstract

This paper will look at the process of transnational transfer of ideas, beliefs and value-systems, with a special emphasis on the transfer of Islamist ideas and ideals through the vector of student movements and organisations that were set up in Western Europe and North America as well as the rise of a new generation of Islamist intellectuals in Malaysia in the late 1960s for whom the idea of the ‘West’ was turned on its head and re-cast in negative terms. It begins by looking at how the ‘West’ was initially cast in positive terms as the ideal developmental model by the first generation of post-colonial elites in Malaysia, and how – as a result of the crisis of governance and the gradual decline in popularity of the ruling political coalition – the ‘West’ was subsequently re-cast in negative terms by the Islamists of the 1960s and 1970s who sought instead to turn Malaysia into an Islamic society from below. As a consequence of this dialectical confrontation between the ruling statist elite and the nascent Islamist opposition in Malaysia, the idea of the ‘West’ has remained as the central constitutive Other to Islam and Muslim identity, and this would suggest that the Islamist project of the1970s to the present remains locked in a mode of oppositional dialectics that nonetheless requires the presence of the ‘West’ as its constitutive Other, be it in positive or negative terms.
Zakat and the Concept of Ownership in Islam: Yusuf Qaradawi’s Perspective on Islamic Economics Nurlaelawati, Euis
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 48, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre, Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2010.482.365-385

Abstract

Looking at the two functions of ownership which include the individual and social, Qaradawi explores such a relationship and analyzes its implication for social justice. Zakat has multiple functions: the religious, economic, and social. It constitutes the earliest concept of mutual social responsibility proposed by Islam to achieve social justice. Zakat serves as a means to both guarantee social security and strengthen social solidarity. From this perspective, Qaradawi moves forward to link up the concept of zakat with the Islamic system of economics. The linkage between zakat and the Islamic system of economics is visible in the ways Qaradawi investigates various aspects of ownership and zakat in Islam. This can particularly be seen in his analysis that the concept of Islamic insurance coheres with the interpretation of al-gharimin, one of the groups deserving to the income of zakat and in his emphasis that mutual social responsibility, which aims to fulfill the needs of adequate livelihood, can be supplied only by zakat. This article argues that these views in turn confirm Qaradawi’s concern with the importance of zakat as the foundation of both the social and economic systems of Islam. This article also emphasizes that, for Qaradawi, different from voluntary charity that can only fulfill the minimum requirement of the needs of livelihood, zakat can supply the answer to cover all the needs of livelihood of Muslim society.

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