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Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 2339076X     EISSN : 25022458     DOI : -
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management is managed by the International Research Centre for the Management of Degraded and Mining Lands (IRC-MEDMIND), research collaboration between Brawijaya University, Mataram University, Massey University, and Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences-China Papers dealing with result of original research, and critical reviews on aspects directed to the management of degraded and mining lands covering topography of a landscape, soil and water quality, biogeochemistry, ecosystem structure and function, and environmental, economic, social and health impacts are welcome with no page charge
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Articles 905 Documents
Landslide susceptibility evaluation of Iruvazhinji watershed of Chaliyar River, Central Kerala, India, using frequency ratio approach Rajappan , Suraj Plackyl; Babu, Melvin; Manoharan , A N; Manohar, Hitha
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.7111

Abstract

The frequency ratio (FR) model is employed for the landslide susceptibility analysis of Iruvazhinji watershed of Chaliyar river basin, central Kerala. For the present study, slope, slope aspect, slope curvature, elevation, Slope Forming Material (SFM), drainage density, distance from river, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), Land Use/Land Cover (LULC), and Normalised Vegetation Index (NDVI) have been considered as landslide causative factors. The spatial relationship between these factors and landslide occurrences in the study area was examined, and the results showed that SFM, elevation, and slope angle have a significant control over landslide occurrence. Using the FR algorithm, we generated a Landslide Susceptibility Map (LSM) and zonal categorization of the study area into low, moderate, high, and very high susceptibility zones. Most of these areas are classified as either high or very high susceptibility zones, reflecting a higher potential for landsliding in the study area. The validation of the susceptibility map was carried out via calculation of the Area Under the Curve (AUC) of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis, which points to a high level of landslide susceptibility model accuracy. The findings of this study help in land use planning, hazard mitigation, and disaster risk in vulnerable landslides, as well as support in improving resistance measures against disaster management due to landslides.
Spatial analysis of sedimentation hazard in the catchment area of the Indonesia nuclear power plant Alhakim, Euis Etty; Setiawan, Muhammad Anggri; Mellawati, June; Iswanto, Eko Rudi; Setiaji, Abimanyu Bondan Wicaksono
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.6953

Abstract

Erosion and sedimentation resulting from land use changes can negatively impact watershed quality and threaten sustainability. Watershed quality is particularly crucial in areas designated for energy sector development, such as Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). One potential NPP site in Indonesia is located downstream of the Raya watershed, where high river sedimentation may affect its performance. This study aimed to determine the spatial pattern of mean annual sediment yield in the Raya watershed using hydrological models. Due to the limited availability of data, secondary data analysis was employed, utilizing a geospatial hydrological modeling approach with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The Hydrological Response Unit (HRU) was used as an analytical unit to identify physio-geographic similarities based on land use, soil type, and slope, which serve as dynamic hydrological controls. The results reveal the hydrological characteristics of the Raya watershed: an elongated shape, a dendritic river network, and moderate drainage density. The average slope is 12.6%, with a clay-loam soil texture and land cover dominated by dryland forests, oil palm plantations, and mining activities. The SWAT model produced an average sediment yield of 251.7 t/ha/year over a 10-year simulation period, classified as high sedimentation. High to very high sedimentation was predominantly found in the upstream areas, moderate sedimentation at the foothills, and low sedimentation in the alluvial plains downstream. These findings indicate a decline in land quality in the Raya watershed, highlighting the need for conservation measures to ensure the sustainability of the watershed ecosystem.
Indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi at tangerine cv. Tejakula (Citrus reticulata cv. Tejakula) plantations, their colonization of the roots, and their effect on soil fertility Wijana, Gede; Rai, I Nyoman; Mayadewi, Ni Nyoman Ari; Astiari, Ni Komang Alit
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.7173

Abstract

Tangerines (Citrus reticulata var. Tejakula) were destroyed in 1984 by CVPD, allegedly because the use of chemicals was too intensive, resulting in land degradation. Since ten years ago, these oranges have been successfully cultivated again using healthy organic cultivation, but farmers have difficulty getting organic fertilizer. This research aimed to identify and isolate the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) on tangerines cv. Tejakula, their colonization of the roots and effect on soil fertility. Exploration was conducted by collecting root and soil samples in tangerine cv. Tejakula production centers are in the Tejakula District, Buleleng Regency. Spore isolation was conducted using wet filtration and centrifugation techniques, while root colonization by AMF was carried out using the staining method with trypan blue. The isolated spores are composited into AMF biofertilizer using volcanic sand as a carrier medium. The biofertilizer was then tested for its effect on soil fertility with three treatment levels of AMF spore doses (0, 20, and 40 spores/50 g of carrier media per plant). The results of exploration, isolation, and identification showed that three genera and six species of AMF were found. The spore density ranged from 17 to 32 per 100 g of soil (mean 24.17 ± 2.02 spores). The average root colonization by AMF was very high, ranging from 90 to 100%, and the application of AMF biofertilizer at a dose of 20 and 40 spores per plant provided soil fertility was much better than the control (0 AMF spores per plant).
Assessment of critical land cover rehabilitation in South Sulawesi, Indonesia Mursyid, Harsanto; Liana; Panambe, Novita; Sadono, Ronggo; Emma Soraya
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.6965

Abstract

The wide areas of critical land in Indonesia are attracting a high level of attention due to the significant influence of global warming. Addressing this issue requires several priority efforts, such as critical land rehabilitation programs. The level of critical land rehabilitation can be evaluated with remote sensing technology. Therefore, this research aimed to assess critical land in South Sulawesi rehabilitated by PT Vale Indonesia Tbk (PT VI) as compensation for mining nickel from the forest areas. The assessment was conducted in three villages across Luwu, namely Binturu, Lamasi, and Rante Alang. Successful critical land rehabilitation was determined by monitoring land cover changes (LCC) based on satellite data generated using Harmonized Sentinel-2 from 2019 to 2023. Furthermore, analysis was performed using the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform with the Random Forest machine learning algorithm and correlation matrix. The result showed five LC classes, including high-density, low-density, shrubs, bare land, and buildings. Before rehabilitation in 2019-2020, non-forested LC in the three villages was only at a proportion of 23.41%, while forested LC reached 58.92% and increased to 80-95% in 2021-2023. Critical land rehabilitation in Luwu was considered a success due to increased LC at high- and low-density classes, along with declines in bareland and buildings. Additionally, an inverse correlation was detected between high- and low-density LC classes and buildings, barelands, and shrubs. Elevation in high- and low-density LC could significantly contribute to mitigating climate change.
Liquid gold: assessing groundwater quality at the historic Kolar gold fields, Karnataka, India Paulose, Jojo; Xavier, Jobi
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.7071

Abstract

To access the ecological sustainability and resilience, it is necessary to periodically examine various ecological properties in areas with high pollution and contaminant risks. Kolar Gold Fields (KGF) in Kolar, Karnataka, showcases one amongst the India's most contaminated zones because of the extensive gold mining and their lingering effects. In KGF, quality of ground water has severely reduced as there exist extensive mining tailings, locally referred as cyanide dumps, which have been neglected for several preceding years without proper disposal strategies. The current approach focuses on the water pollution caused by heavy metal deposits in the KGF region. Groundwater samples were  sampled from Oorgam, an abandoned region in KGF, and subsequently filtered for water quality examinations. The investigation  documented concentrations of several metals, including cadmium (0.068 ± 0.0024 ppm), lead (0.288 ± 0.0016 ppm), nickel (0.058 ± 0.0047 ppm), and chromium (0.23 ± 0.0235 ppm) and have met the standard specifications in accordance with World Health Organization (WHO). Prominent pH disparity was documented  amongst the experimental samples, with a detectable  pH drop in the aqua-purified water on comparison  to the positive control. The test results imply that the water samples collected  from KGF remains unpotable for consumption or irrigation due  the persistence of high levels of heavy metals concentration. This study underscores the urgent requisite for remedial approach  to ensure water safety for drinking  and irrigation in the area.
Landscape design for gully erosion control on the upper slopes of Mount Sumbing, Central Java, Indonesia Maulana, Edwin; Sartohadi, Junun; Setiawan, Muhammad Anggri
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.7037

Abstract

Gully erosion can cause significant soil loss; thus, it must be controlled. This study aimed to develop a landscape design for controlling gully erosion in a volcanic environment with a thin soil layer. The primary data used was Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) data combined with field surveys and in-depth interviews. A collaborative approach was used to develop the landscape design to minimize the impact of gully erosion. The finding showed that gully erosion had entered adult to old age since the scars (incisions) at the gully bottom existed. According to the community, gullies must be controlled, although they do not affect land productivity. Vegetative control is the most favored method of gully erosion control. Local vegetation with the potential for additional value is chosen to control gully erosion. Strengthening community capacity is the most favorable way to manage gullies. Through good understanding, local communities can control the development of gullies. Further strengthening of regulations related to gully erosion control will have a domino effect on land sustainability. This finding can be extrapolated globally to locations with similar land characteristics.
Evaluation of the quality and suitability of groundwater for agricultural and drinking purposes in the Koraiyar River basin, Tamil Nadu, India Moorthy, S Sundara; Raj, N Jawahar
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.7021

Abstract

In the Koraiyar basin, located within the districts of Tiruchirappalli and Pudukkottai in Tamil Nadu, India, groundwater samples were investigated to evaluate their quality and appropriateness for both drinking and agricultural purposes. Groundwater is a dynamic source for sustaining human life and various activities; however, its overuse and deteriorating quality pose significant challenges. Groundwater faces threats from various factors, including climate change, changes in land use, and population growth, all of which impact both the quantity and quality of available groundwater. Salinity exerts a substantial influence on various parameters, as indicated by the strong correlation between electrical conductivity (EC) and many other factors. It is inferred that pre-monsoon samples exhibit slightly lower quality compared to post-monsoon samples, although they remain suitable for drinking, with only a few exceptions. Most of the samples are safe to drink and use in agriculture because they are within allowable levels. Total dissolved solids (TDS) and total hardness (TH) data show that the groundwater samples are mostly of the pre-monsoon hard to extremely hard type. The Gibbs plot's evaporation zone contains samples, indicating that surface activities like agricultural runoff and other human-induced variables like home sewage dumping can contaminate groundwater. With the exception of samples showing average salinity and high sodium concentrations, all other samples are suitable for irrigation across various soil types.
Improving physical properties of Ultisol and maize yield using coconut shell biochar and Leucaena compost Endriani; Listyarini, Diah; Farni, Yulfita
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.6991

Abstract

Ultisol is generally characterized by a high clay content in the argillic horizon, easy compaction, slow permeability, and unstable aggregates, resulting in low total porosity. Organic soil amendments such as compost and biochar can be used to improve soil organic matter, aggregate stability, and other physical properties of Ultisol. A field experiment was conducted using a randomized block design to assess the potential effects of Leucaena compost (LC) and coconut shell biochar (CB) on the physical properties of Ultisol and maize yield. The treatments included combinations of compost (0, 5, and 10 t/ha), biochar (0, 5, and 10 t/ha), and inorganic fertilizer (50% and 100% of the recommended dose). The results showed that the application of Leucaena compost and coconut shell biochar improved the physical properties of the soil. Compost and/or biochar applications at 10 t/ha enhanced soil organic matter, total porosity, aggregate formation, aggregate stability, pore size distribution, and reduced soil bulk density, improving maize growth and yield.
Evaluation of saline water intrusion along the coastal aquifers of Vadakara, Kerala, South India, using hydro geochemistry and GIS Megha, S B; Arun, P R; Brijesh, V K
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.7079

Abstract

The hydrogeochemical characteristics and evaluation of saline water intrusion of shallow groundwater in the coastal aquifers of Vadakara have been investigated using geochemical analysis and spatial interpolation techniques. Major ion analysis of groundwater samples was employed to identify saltwater intrusion status. The major ions dissolved in water are Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cl, HCO3, and SO4. Groundwater zones in coastal areas have to be delineated in terms of quality. To identify the origin of saline groundwater in the coastal reaches of Vadakara Taluk, Kozhikode district, Kerala, six different major ionic ratios viz. Na/Cl, (Ca+Mg)/CI, K/Cl, SO4/Cl, Na/Ca, and Ca/SO4 and Base Exchange Index (BEX) were computed from physio-chemical analysis of open wells in the study area. Groundwater aquifers, which have a direct connection to tide-influenced river stretches and the sea, are more susceptible to salinization due to seawater intrusion, according to the spatial representation of the ionic ratios.
Trace metals in vegetable growing area, western region of central Thailand Inboonchuay, Tawatchai; Thongjoo, Chaisit; Pongsivapai, Pongpet
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.7001

Abstract

This study investigated the trace metal concentrations in the agricultural area on diverse soil parent materials in the western part of central, Thailand. The soils of 84 areas under vegetable cultivation were sampled. The results revealed that the median concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Mo, and Zn are lower than that of the background concentration of heavy metals in Thailand based on the standard of the National Environment Board 2021, whereas the maximum concentrations of As and Cr in some soils were higher than the soil quality standard. Principal component analysis showed that clay, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cr, and As were correlated with clay content in a positive way except for Cd. The general levels of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in edible parts of vegetables are within permissible limits for human food. The median concentration of As, Cd, Ni, and Pb in vegetables is higher than the WHO/FAO maximum permissible limits. Besides, the Fe, Mn, and Zn are most abundant in Chinese flowering cabbage. As, Cd, Ni, and Pb are more abundant in Chinese kale, Chinese cabbage, and cabbage. The maximum concentration of trace metals in some areas is of concern for both food safety and human health.