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Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 2339076X     EISSN : 25022458     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management is managed by the International Research Centre for the Management of Degraded and Mining Lands (IRC-MEDMIND), research collaboration between Brawijaya University, Mataram University, Massey University, and Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences-China Papers dealing with result of original research, and critical reviews on aspects directed to the management of degraded and mining lands covering topography of a landscape, soil and water quality, biogeochemistry, ecosystem structure and function, and environmental, economic, social and health impacts are welcome with no page charge
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Articles 905 Documents
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Vegetation diversity as a factor in carbon sequestration and storage: examples from the ultramafic forests in Palawan Island, Philippines De Castro, Ma. Ellenita Gibe; Padrones, Jenielyn; Boco, Katrina
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.7009

Abstract

A floristic study was conducted in two ultramafic formations in Palawan Island, selected for their differing land uses, to assess the role of ultramafic forests as a carbon sink based on plant diversity and Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) content. A total of 17 tree species were identified inside an active mining area in Mt. Bulanjao, Rio Tuba, Bataraza, while only 15 tree species in Magarwak, Brgy. Sta. Lourdes, Puerto Princesa City. Palawan Mangkono (Xanthostemon speciosus Merr.), an island endemic species that thrives well in ultramafics, is the most dominant species in Rio Tuba, Bataraza, whereas Putian (Mastixia pentandra Blume) is the dominant species in Puerto Princesa City based on the Important Value Index (IVI). In terms of diversity, both sites exhibited low diversity index values, with Bataraza site having H'=2.232 while Magarwak, Puerto Princesa City had H'=2.286, respectively. Such data implied the alarming rate of species lost in ultramafic forest, primarily attributable to anthropogenic activities. Further analysis of SOC content indicated that Puerto Princesa City's ultramafic soils contained 99.05 t ha-1, while a much lower value of 85.68 t ha-1 at Bataraza was quantified. Considering the combined contribution of vegetation diversity and soil carbon, this study suggests that Puerto Princesa City's ultramafic formations have the potential to sequester atmospheric carbon and may act as a sink. Both the unusual characteristics of ultramafic soils and their existing vegetation contribute to the enhancement of the carbon storage potential of this forest type, although present land use serves as a crucial consideration. These findings underscore the importance of preserving and conserving native metallophytes in the area, making this research a pivotal basis for conservation efforts.
Study on removal of heavy metals (As, Pb) in agricultural soils using Bidens pilosa L. Huynh, An The; Chen, Yi-Ching
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.7063

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the capacity of Bidens pilosa L. to absorb heavy metals, specifically arsenic (As) and lead (Pb), in contaminated soil environments, with the goal of laying a foundation for applying phytoremediation techniques to remediate agricultural soils polluted with heavy metals in Vietnam. The findings indicate that B. pilosa L. can thrive in soils contaminated with heavy metals at concentrations up to 700 mg/kg. Additionally, the absorption rates in the roots, stems, and leaves of B. pilosa L. were substantial. At a concentration of 700 mg/kg As, the absorption rates were 66.53% in roots, 20.45% in stems, and 13.03% in leaves. For Pb, at the same concentration, the absorption was 64.41% in roots, 21.27% in stems, and 14.32% in leaves. Moreover, the bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) further support the plant's potential. The BCF for As decreased from 0.123 at 0 mg/kg to 0.023 at 700 mg/kg, while the BCF for Pb showed a similar trend, ranging from 0.017 to 0.023 across increasing concentrations. The TF for As dropped from 1.202 at 100 mg/kg to 0.503 at 700 mg/kg, while the TF for Pb ranged from 0.959 to 0.552, indicating limited translocation of metals from roots to aerial parts at higher contamination levels. These results suggest that B. pilosa L. is a promising candidate for phytoremediation of soils contaminated with arsenic and lead, thanks to its ability to accumulate these metals predominantly in its roots, thereby limiting their movement to stems and leaves.
Role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on Pteris vittata L as a potential hyperaccumulator plant for gold phytomining agent Aminatun, Tien; Rakhmawati, Anna; Atun, Sri; Idrus, Arifudin; Sujangka, Arsyad
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.7217

Abstract

Gold phytomining is the extraction of gold from the soil by harvesting specially selected hyperaccumulator plants. One of the potential plant species as a gold hyperaccumulator at the Ratatotok site, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, is Pteris vitata L, possibly because of the presence of rhizobacteria colonies in the roots to help the plant's resistance to metal stress in the soil. The isolation and identification show that the most resistant rhizobacteria to the gold stress is Pseudomonas aeruginosa RTKP1. The study aimed to assess the Pseudomonas aeruginosa RTKP1 to assist the gold bioaccumulation in Pteris vittata L. The phytomining test was carried out with four series of treatments for Pteris vittata L growing media, i.e., (1) tailings without compost and bacterial isolates, (2) tailings with bacterial isolates, (3) tailings with compost, and (4) tailings with compost and bacterial isolate. A descriptive analysis was carried out to analyze the role of the Pseudomnas aeruginosa RTKP1 on gold reduction in the media and gold bioaccumulation in Pteris vittata L. A quantitative analysis was carried out to analyze the bioaccumulation ability of Pteris vittata L with and without the addition of bacterial isolate. The role of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa RTKP1 is to increase the Translocation Factor (TF) and Biological Concentration Factor (BCF), particularly in the roots. The addition of compost to tailings as growing media for Pteris vittata L inhibits the effectiveness of the work of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa RTKP1 in increasing BCF and TF. However, this effect needs to be tested further to obtain significant results.
Effects of soil physicochemical properties on sweet corn quality in western Thailand Trakoonyingcharoen, Punyisa; Kaewruang, Siraprapa; Phommuangkhuk, Aunthicha
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.7197

Abstract

Thailand exports the greatest amount of sweet corn globally; however, its value per unit is low. Soil property knowledge can help to produce sweet corn with the best nutrition and taste qualities that could improve its value. This study investigated the association between soil properties and sweet corn qualitative attributes in western Thailand. Soils and sweet corn samples were taken from 8 soil series at 47 sites in the dry season. Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected and analyzed using physicochemical methods. Five selected sweet corn samples were determined for pod weight without husk, ß carotene concentration, and total soluble solids. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was used to determine the most important variables and patterns among the physicochemical properties. Three components with eigenvalues greater than 1 explained more than 66% of the total variance. The linear mixed model showed that ß carotene concentration and total soluble solids were linearly correlated with only one principal component factor (R2 = 56.6 and 64.6%, respectively), whereas there were no significant associations for total yield nor pod weight without husk with any of the principal component factors. Cluster analysis indicated that most of the soil sites were Oxyaquic Haplustalfs, Aeric Endoaqualfs, and Typic Haplustalfs with moderately well drained, and producing high-quality sweet corn. These findings should inform land use planning to improve the quality of sweet corn plantations in the dry season in western Thailand.
Mapping landslide susceptibility in Enfraz to Addis Zemen area Northwestern Ethiopia Wubalem, Azemeraw; Getahun, Belete; Hailemariam, Yohannes; Mesele, Alemu; Tesfaw, Gashaw; Dawit, Zerihun; Goshe, Endalkachew
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.7095

Abstract

The study area (Enfraz to Addis Zemen) is located in northwestern Ethiopia, which frequently experiences landslides, causing damage to farmland, engineering structures, infrastructures, and villages, as well as animal and human fatalities. To manage this catastrophic hazard, a comprehensive GIS-based frequency ratio model (FR) was applied to produce a landslide susceptibility map. In this study, 134 landslides were identified from detailed fieldwork and Google Earth imagery analysis, split into 70% to develop the model and 30% for model validation. The relationship between landslide probability with landslide factor classes of lithology, annual mean rainfall, slope, aspect, curvature, elevation, distance to the river, and land use-land cover was analyzed in a GIS environment. FR model assigns weights to each factor class based on observed frequencies. These weighted factors were summed using a raster calculator to produce landslide susceptibility indexes (LSIs), which were classified into very low, low, moderate, high, and very high susceptibility classes using the natural break classification method. The model’s accuracy and performance were validated using the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC), which showed an AUC success rate of 92.2% and a predictive rate of 86.05%. These results confirm that the FR model is effective in landslide susceptibility modeling. The generated map can support decision-makers, urban planners, and researchers in land use planning, landslide mitigation strategies, and future research.
The decline in water level and discharge of Lake Toba of North Sumatera, Indonesia, affected by land degradation Riyanto, Indra Agus; Hendrayana, Heru; Yuli Widyaningsih; Jayanto, Galih Dwi; Azmin Nuha; Sabdo Sumartono
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.7123

Abstract

Lake Toba is one of the prioritized conservation lakes in Indonesia, crucial for domestic needs, tourism, fisheries, agriculture, and power generation. However, Lake Toba’s water levels and discharge have declined in recent decades. This study aimed to enhance water recharge and the water level of Lake Toba through hydrological modeling using the SWAT analysis and regional and specific conservation measures. The SWAT analysis utilized input data, including climate, soil, geomorphology, land use, and hydrology, to generate both existing and post-conservation water balance models. Conservation methods were categorized into civil engineering and vegetative approaches. Vegetative conservation techniques included agroforestry and MPTS (Multi-Purpose Tree Species), while civil engineering methods encompassed terracing, trenching, and infiltration wells. Regional conservation focused on land use plant types, while specific conservation involved detailed classification of the Lake Toba watershed by slope class, plant type, and land use. The analysis revealed significant land use changes in the Lake Toba catchment area, with dry fields increasing from 72,961 ha to 125,000 ha, a decrease in water level from 905 to 903 m above sea level, and a reduction in discharge from 180 m³/s to 125 m³/s. SWAT analysis shows that the existing inflow to Lake Toba is 131 m³/s (with 78% accuracy), with potential increases to 250 m³/s due to regional conservation and 180 m³/s due to specific conservation. Conservation efforts have also improved discharge rates across 39 sub-watersheds of Lake Toba, both monthly and annually.
The use of chitosan-coated biochar for the improvement of heavy metals-contaminated soil and healthy food products Hamzah, Amir; Priyadarshini, Rossyda; Lestari, Sri Umi
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.7205

Abstract

Soil health is a global concern related to food health issues, and the intensity of using agrochemicals contributes greatly to contamination by Pb (lead), Cd (cadmium), Cu (copper), Zn (zinc), and other heavy metals. Land contaminated with heavy metals is absorbed by plants and transferred to tissue, causing food to be unhealthy for consumption. Soil improvers such as biochar and chitosan have been widely used for improvement, but the use remains partial. In this context, granular coating technology is the right choice for overcoming soil problems. Chitosan-coated biochar technology is an effort to combine biochar and chitosan, which are made into granules and function as soil amendments. Therefore, this study aimed to obtain oil amendments that are effective in reducing heavy metals in soil. The target was for the soil to be healthy as well as produce healthy and safe food products. A completely randomized design was used with three replications. The production of granular chitosan biochar was then investigated on vegetable plants. Growth observations were carried out every week until the plants were about to be harvested, while soil and heavy metal analysis was conducted before and after planting. The observed data were analyzed using an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Least Significant Difference (LSD) tests. The results showed that a chitosan-coated biochar dose of 20 t/ha increased plant growth in all observed parameters. The use of chitosan-coated biochar reduced Pb from 10.77 mg/kg to 6.73 mg/kg, Cd from 5.01 mg/kg to 2.56 mg/kg, and Cu from  71.22 mg/kg to 25.65 mg/kg.
Soil magnetic susceptibility analysis as an indicator of landslide-prone areas in Sanggau Regency, West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia Muhardi; Perdhana, Radhitya
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.7185

Abstract

Sanggau Regency is a highland area that has a rough topography with a relief of undulating hills, causing the potential for landslides. One of the steps to reduce the impact of landslides is to identify the characteristics of landslide-prone areas by conducting magnetic susceptibility analysis in landslide-prone areas. This analysis is a method to identify landslide indicators based on their magnetic properties. This method identifies landslide potential through superparamagnetic grains on the surface soil. The presence of the grain can be known from the frequency-dependent susceptibility . The study was conducted on 40 soil samples taken at a 20-30 cm depth at Jalan Sabang Merah, Sanggau Regency. The results showed that the average values of low-frequency  and high-frequency  were 5.555 cm3/g and 5.478 cm3/g, respectively. A total of 36 soil samples have a  percentage of 0% (containing less than 10% superparamagnetic grains), two soil samples have a  percentage of 3.51% and 6.45%, respectively (containing 10%-75% superparamagnetic grains, and two samples have a  percentage of 10.48%-12.63% (containing more than 75% superparamagnetic grains). The interpretation results show that soil samples with more than 75% superparamagnetic grains indicate landslide-prone areas in the study site; thus, the areas suspected to have a high level of vulnerability are in the northeastern and southwestern parts of the study site.
Vegetation development and soil conditions in reclaimed areas of former silica mines in Indonesia Yunanto, Tedi; Wildan, Dadan; Suparno; Megawati; Santoso, Natasya
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.7141

Abstract

To restore the function of ex-mining land according to its designation, the ex-mining area must be reclaimed. Ecological dynamics, especially soil conditions and the composition, structure, and biodiversity that occur in reclamation areas, need to be understood so that the reclamation area meets the criteria for the success of mine reclamation. This study aimed to understand the composition, structure, biodiversity, and soil conditions that influence growth in the reclamation area. The research was conducted in a silica mine reclamation area with a 17.8 m radius (r) circular plot (0.1 ha) of 10 plots (±1 ha) for vegetation and 9 points for soil sampling at a depth of 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm. In general, the results of the vegetation inventory show that the tree species recorded are dominated by Pinus merkusii, Hevea brasiliensis, and Enterolobium cyclocarpum with mean values of diameter, height, and low diversity conditions. The condition of soil physical and chemical properties in the reclamation area at both depths shows low mean values, which can affect the growth rate of plants in the reclamation area. The species of Schima wallichii that grow naturally in the reclamation area was found, indicating that the reclamation activities have created a good environment for other tree species to grow naturally. However, enrichment activities need to be carried out to increase biodiversity.
Mercury pollution in water, soil, and biota induced by artisanal gold mining: A case study from Ananea District, Puno, Peru Huisa-Mamani, Fidel; Arizaca-Avalos, Americo; Llanque-Maquera, Oscar Eloy
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.7159

Abstract

Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) significantly contributes to global mercury pollution, posing serious environmental and health risks. This study assessed mercury contamination in the Ananea District, heavily impacted by ASGM activities. Mercury levels were measured in water, soil, and plant tissues using a Direct Mercury Analyzer (DMA-80). Results showed water mercury concentrations ranging from 0.1169 mg/kg to 1.54 mg/kg, far exceeding the World Health Organization's safe limit of 0.001 mg/kg. Soil samples contained mercury levels between 0.0909 mg/kg and 22.49 mg/kg, surpassing typical uncontaminated soil levels. Plant tissues had mercury concentrations from 0.0909 mg/kg to 7.7467 mg/kg, indicating potential entry into the food chain. Elevated mercury levels closely correlate with proximity to mining and processing sites, highlighting ASGM's direct environmental impact. These findings align with global patterns observed in other ASGM regions. The study underscores the urgent need for mitigation strategies, including stronger regulations, promotion of mercury-free technologies, and community engagement to reduce mercury emissions and protect public health.

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