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Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 2339076X     EISSN : 25022458     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management is managed by the International Research Centre for the Management of Degraded and Mining Lands (IRC-MEDMIND), research collaboration between Brawijaya University, Mataram University, Massey University, and Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences-China Papers dealing with result of original research, and critical reviews on aspects directed to the management of degraded and mining lands covering topography of a landscape, soil and water quality, biogeochemistry, ecosystem structure and function, and environmental, economic, social and health impacts are welcome with no page charge
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Articles 905 Documents
 82   83   84   85   86 
The modeling of earthquake disaster mitigation in Bulukumba Regency: A stakeholder approach Ahmad, Despry Nur Annisa; Tarigan, Suria Darma; Tjahjono, Boedi; Sitanggang, Imas Sukaesih; Sakti, Harry Hardian
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.124.8247

Abstract

Bulukumba Regency, located along the Walanae Fault and within a seismic gap zone, indicates the potential for future earthquake recurrence. However, the regional and community capacity to address earthquake hazards remains weak, as evidenced by the lack of regulations accommodating earthquake studies in Bulukumba. This study aimed to design an earthquake mitigation model based on a stakeholder approach in Bulukumba Regency. The methodology employed MACTOR (Matrix of Alternatives for Choice and Trade-Offs), utilizing survey and questionnaire data. The output is a framework for policymakers in earthquake mitigation activities. The results suggested two effective alternative models: (i) a stakeholder formulation model based on role capacity and (ii) a time segmentation model for stakeholder involvement in earthquake mitigation. Based on these two models, it is essential to establish strong coordination and collaboration among these actors in order to minimize the impact of disasters on both the community and the environment.
Spatial distribution of water quality in water bodies influenced by agricultural activities Yustika, Rahmah Dewi; Sukarjo, Sukarjo; Dewi, Triyani; Yustiawati, Yustiawati; Handayani, Cicik Oktasari; Yanti, Delvi; Dariah, Ai
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.124.8367

Abstract

Agriculture is a major contributor to non-point source pollution due to the intensive use of agrochemicals. This study examined the spatial distribution of pollutants from agricultural activities in the Sumani sub-catchment, West Sumatra, Indonesia, which drains into Lake Singkarak. Thirteen water quality parameters were measured, including electrical conductivity (EC), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), sulfate, nitrate, calcium, sodium, total phosphorus (TP), potassium, magnesium, chlorpyrifos, and mancozeb. Results showed significant variation in water quality across the sampling sites. Downstream areas had higher levels of TSS, TDS, and major ions, mainly due to agricultural and urban activities. The lowest TSS levels were recorded at a site within the lake, likely due to sediment settling. River water generally met drinking water standards; however, TP and DO concentrations in the lake exceeded regulatory limits, potentially influenced by floating net cage aquaculture. Principal Component Analysis identified three main sources of pollution: agricultural activities (34.87%), combined agricultural and urban influences (20.15%), and soil erosion (12.15%). These findings highlight the need for better erosion control, sustainable farming practices, and consistent water quality monitoring. Further research is crucial to understand the long-term effects of agriculture on water resources and to develop strategies that reduce environmental impacts.
Pollution assessment and mercury speciation of small-scale gold mine (SSGM) tailings, sediments, and ore from Camarines Norte, Philippines Dela Cruz, Kyla Mae T.; Madayag, Juniela Anne T.; Arpa, Maria Carmencita B.; Samaniego, Jessie O.; Peregrino, Fern Rose A.; Quierrez, Rico Neil M.; Tanciongco, Alexandria M.
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.124.8023

Abstract

The municipalities of Jose Panganiban and Paracale, Camarines Norte, are notable “mining districts,” where small-scale miners use mercury (Hg) to extract gold, despite its being banned under Republic Act 7076 of the People’s Small Scale Mining Act of 1991. In this study, 17 sediment samples from coastal/marine, river, and mine tailings were collected and analyzed for the following: (1) pollution assessment of potentially toxic elements (PTE), (2) total Hg concentration on particle size distribution, and (3) mercury speciation. The results showed that mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) were the most significant pollutants and contaminants. Enrichment levels using Enrichment Factor (EF) ranked as Hg > Cr > Zn > Ni > As > Fe > Cu > V > Mn > Sr > Ca. Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo) and Potential Ecological Risk Factor (Er) confirmed that As and Hg posed the highest environmental threats, with Hg likely coming from mining and As naturally occurring but disturbed by mining activities. The mercury concentration patterns varied by location, where river sediments concentrated Hg in medium silt, coastal sediments had scattered Hg levels due to more extended transport, and mine tailings had irregular Hg distribution since they were the source. Moreover, the mercury speciation showed a consistent result of Hg (I) among all the samples and a remarkable peak for Hg0 with the tailings samples, suggesting incomplete oxidation from mining.
Flood inundation and damage assessment of the degraded Semliki River plains using SAR data, Google Earth Engine, and GIS techniques Mulabbi, Andrew; Esagu, John Calvin; Akello, Gertrude; Turyahabwe, Remigio
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.124.8379

Abstract

The Semliki River valley in Ntoroko district has experienced devastating annual floods since 2019. Recurrent floods in Ntoroko District have displaced thousands and devastated pasturelands, disrupting livelihoods. Therefore, rapid assessment of flooded areas is crucial for developing effective mitigation strategies, disaster preparedness plans, and proactive policies to enhance resilience and mitigate the impact of future flood events.  This study introduced a combined approach using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery and a digital elevation model (DEM) to map flood extent, depth, and building exposure in the Semliki Valley. Using Sentinel-1 SAR images taken both before and during the flood, combined with the ALOS PALSAR DEM, inundated areas and flood depths were determined, based on thresholding the SAR backscatter of the VH polarisation images. The flood extent maps were generated using Google Earth Engine and GIS techniques to create depth maps by subtracting the surface elevation from the height/surface of the flood waters. Building exposure and impact analysis for two flood events was ascertained through spatial join and overlay. The results showed that the 2023 flood event inundated approximately 1,968 hectares, including 1,553 hectares of pastureland and 74 buildings, while the 2024 event covered 1,139 hectares, equally inundating 1,050 hectares of pastureland and 54 buildings. Further analysis revealed that despite the smaller extent, the 2024 flood event caused a severe impact on the buildings compared to the 2023 flood disaster. 
Simultaneous electricity and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production from mature coconut water (MCW) waste Yodrach, Rachchanon; Rattanabundan, Purita; Chaijak, Pimprapa
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.124.8015

Abstract

Mature coconut water (MCW) is a by-product of various coconut industries. It is produced in large quantities annually. If untreated, this waste can pollute groundwater systems upon discharge. In this study, MCW was used as a low-cost medium for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production. The effects of exogenous carbon and nitrogen sources were studied under static conditions. Suitable conditions were then selected for use in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) to generate electrical energy from BNC fermentation. Subsequently, the BNC was immobilized with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and used against the pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that the system generated maximum current density (CD) and power density (PD) of 54.250 ± 0.180 mA/m² and 5.886 ± 0.039 mW/m², respectively. The AgNPs-immobilized BNC film effectively inhibited the growth of both Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive S. aureus with inhibition zones measuring 26.0 ± 0.3 mm and 30.1 ± 0.2 mm, respectively. This study provides new insights into producing electrical energy during BNC synthesis fermentation.
Estimation of water runoff and harvestability of the valley of Haliwat Basin, Western Desert using SCS-CN model Gharbi , Moshtaq Ahmed; Salh , Abdulqader Mahdi; Khalaf , Mohmood Jameel
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.124.8149

Abstract

The area under study is one of the dry climates, characterized by seasonal rainfall in the winter only. It also contains no stations for measuring the amount of rainwater that falls. Therefore, the study aimed to estimate the amount of rainwater falling using indirect mathematical methods to estimate the amount of water that can be stored behind the dams built in this valley, which will be reflected in the better management of this water and its sustainability for various uses. The final runoff values for the valley of Haliwat Basin were calculated based on the total annual rainfall and the maximum soil water retention potential (S) for 2023. The natural characteristics, including land uses, the degree of slope of the land surface, and the soil properties (HSG), were used to create a hydrograph curve to estimate the rainwater, from which the volume of water that can be stored in one season can be calculated. This depends on a set of main factors, namely the depth and volume of the water flow, the accumulation of water from the rain at the beginning of the rainfall, as well as what is lost from this rain due to evaporation and seepage into the ground, and what is absorbed by the plants. Through the measurements, the quantities of water flow varied between 50/m3 and 376/m3. The storage capacity of water in the areas of dams established within the valley basin was estimated at 14,363 m3/year.
Sludge holding tanks performance in wastewater treatment: Techno-economic assessment Hussein, Hossam Mostafa; Ali, Sayed Ismail; Ali, Marwan Mohamed; Elmoamen, Mahmoud Abd
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.124.8035

Abstract

This study evaluates the performance and economic viability of sludge holding tanks in wastewater treatment, focusing on their role in sludge management, particularly in Egypt’s expanding wastewater infrastructure. Despite their widespread use, sludge holding tanks lack standardized design and operational guidelines. This research addresses this gap by assessing operational parameters, design criteria, and economic impacts, especially for small-scale treatment plants. A pilot-scale sludge holding tank was tested in two phases: the first examined the effects of retention time and air mixing rates on waste-activated sludge (WAS) treatment, while the second investigated the impact of increased solids loading by adding primary sludge. Results indicate that sludge holding tanks primarily function as thickening units, with optimal performance at retention times of 23-26 hours and air mixing rates of 1.3-6 m³/hr/m³. Lower air mixing rates improved thickening efficiency, achieving dry solids content of up to 1.5%, suitable for dewatering. The addition of primary sludge further enhanced thickening, underscoring the importance of sludge composition. Economically, these tanks are more cost-effective than traditional thickeners and digesters, requiring less volume and lower operational costs. Although effluent quality may not match advanced treatment units, their simplicity and affordability make them ideal for small-scale facilities. The study provides practical recommendations for optimizing sludge holding tanks, contributing to more sustainable and efficient sludge management strategies.
Extraction and characterization of humic acid from low-rank coal mined reserves in South Sumatra and its application on red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) in fertilizer exhausted soil Hermawan, Mega Kartika; Sofyan, Emma Trinurani; Sudirja, Rija; Nurbaity, Anne
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.124.8065

Abstract

Intensive use of inorganic fertilizers has led to soil degradation, decreased productivity, and increased greenhouse gas emissions. Humic acid (HA) offers a sustainable solution by improving soil health and nutrient uptake while reducing dependence on chemical inputs. However, commercial HA from leonardite is expensive and rarely available in Indonesia. This study aimed to develop a high-quality and cost-effective HA product from low-rank coal (LRC) mined in South Sumatra. Given LRC’s low calorific value and high organic content, it presents an underutilized but promising HA source. A descriptive quantitative approach was used, starting with LRC selection and modified extraction to obtain HA. Laboratory-scale characterization revealed that locally sourced HA shares many functional groups with commercial leonardite-based HA. Hydrofluoric acid pretreatment significantly increased HA yield from 26.3% to 44%. A field trial was conducted on degraded soil overused with inorganic fertilizers, using a completely randomized block design with five treatments and five replications. Red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) was selected because of its high economic value. Data were analyzed using ANOVA at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the combination of HA derived from LRC with low phosphate fertilizer (150 kg ha-1 SP-36 + 27 kg ha-1 HA) significantly increased plant height, fruit yield, and soil P availability, resulting in a yield of more than 28 t ha-1. These findings demonstrate the potential of LRC as a sustainable HA source to restore degraded soils and increase crop productivity in Indonesia.
Peatland degradation level and restoration model of Perigi Village in Ogan Komering Ilir, South Sumatra, Indonesia Bakri, Bakri; Imanudin, Momon Sodik Imanudin; Napoleon, A; Syazili, As’ad Syazili; Prayitno, Muh Bambang Prayitno; Hermawan, A.; Khoiriyah, Z; Suwignyo, Rujito A; Choi , Eunho; Yang, Hyunyoung
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.124.8117

Abstract

The use of peatlands for plantations and industrial tree plantations is increasingly widespread and causes land degradation due to excessive drainage. Meanwhile, adaptive agricultural efforts are not yet appropriate for maintaining the peatland environment. This study aimed to assess peatland degradation in Perigi Village, Pangkalan Lampam District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. Data obtained were analyzed using a descriptive method, followed by an evaluation of the determination of the level of land degradation with standard criteria for land degradation in wetlands based on the Regulation of the Indonesian Minister of Environment No. 20, 2008. The observations, field measurements, and laboratory analysis showed that the three lands experienced moderate degradation. The parameters that limit and contribute to the land degradation score to a moderately degraded status are shallow groundwater depth, redox, and soil pH that exceeded the threshold value. Adaptive technology must accommodate local knowledge and can increase farmer income.
Geospatial assessment of landslide susceptibility in Astor District, Northern Pakistan Zardari, Irshad Ali; Jagirani, Surih Sibaghatullah; Chen, Ningsheng; Hu, Guisheng; Laghari, Mir Mujtaba; Zardari, Azhar Ali; Ritha, Nyirandayisabye
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.124.8083

Abstract

Northern Pakistan is a rough, mountainous region with high gradients, disintegrated lithology, glaciers on the highest peaks, and a seismically active area. District Astor is among the most susceptible locations, with yearly landslides due to various causes. This research has developed a comprehensive landslide inventory and a susceptibility model for the chosen region. Frequency Ratio is the most generally utilized probabilistic method; a moderately Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The Frequency Ratio (FR) model technique has been used to ascertain the connection between both variables that cause landslides and landslides that have been mapped. A persistent Scattered Interferometry Radar (InSAR) technique was employed to investigate deformation movement in the vulnerable zones of the extracted models, finding a high Line-of-Sight (LOS) displacement velocity in both models' extremely sensitive areas. The derived Landslide Susceptibility Index (LSI) models had a prediction accuracy of 84.4% and 78.0% for the FR and AHP methods, respectively, calculated by applying the Area Under Curve (AUC) derived from the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) approach. Finally, five susceptibility classes were assigned to both Landslide hazard index maps. Because the research region is prone to landslides, these susceptible models will be useful in delineating hazardous zones for future landslide catastrophes and utilized in decision-makers' planning strategies for Development initiatives in the studied region.

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