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INDONESIA
Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Education,
Health Professions Other
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Articles 89 Documents
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Production and Regeneration Protoplast of Dark-Septate Endophytic Fungus Veronaeopsis simplex Khastini, Rida Oktorida
Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation Vol 4, No 1: Proceeding of 4th ICGRC 2013
Publisher : Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation

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Abstract

The hyphomycete, Veronaeopsis simplex, belongs to the group of so-called dark septate endophytes (DSE) colonize root plant intra and intercellulary without causing harm for the plant host. Knowledge about fungus interaction with the host plant is little. This paper describes the influence of different cultural conditions on protoplast isolation and regeneration from V. simplex fungus. As protoplast is interesting structure that can be used on developing an engineered DSE fungus by mutagenesis or genetic transformation, this research will provide the foundation for further study in order to reveal the unknown mechanism of the fungal role in the plant host. The mycelia age, osmotic stabilizer and lytic enzyme were the main factor that affected the protoplast formation.  The maximum yield of protoplast was 3.2 x 106/g fresh mycelia was obtained from 1 week old mycelia digested with the mixed of 1.5% cellulose, 1 % macerozyme and 1.5 % lysozyme for 3 h incubation at 37oC in the dark. Morphology and structure of protoplast released were observed using microscope. It was found that the regeneration of protoplast was possible after being cultivated on both CMMY and PDA medium supplemented with 0.6 M sucrose.Keywords: DSE, isolation, regeneration, protoplast, Veronaeopsis simplex 
Association of Spheranthus africanus (Asteraceae) with other Weeds In a Fallowed Rice Field Priyadi, Arief; Wibawa, I Putu Agus Hendra; Lugrayasa, I Nyoman
Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation Vol 4, No 1: Proceeding of 4th ICGRC 2013
Publisher : Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation

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Abstract

Spheranthus africanus is a minor weed of rice, which can be utilized for various purposes. It can be used for phytoremediation of soil contaminated with Pb and also reported to have anti-bacterial activity to be used as natural pesticides. However, because of its minority status little is known about this species in its natural habitat. This study was aimed to understanding the relationship between S. africanus with other weed species in a fallowed paddy field in Tabanan District, Bali, Indonesia. Vegetation analysis by quarter method was done in the rice field, where the species had occurred, in 2011 and 2012. Determination of association type between S. africanus with other weed was conducted by using 2x2 contingency table to calculate χ2, association coefficient (AC) and Ochiai index (OI). The result shows that the Shannon diversity index in this same area for the two consecutive years were 2.06 and 2.48 with species richness of 22 and 27 respectively. Calculation of Summed Dominance Ratio (SDR) showed that the species composition was not evenly distributed, in other words some species dominated others. In terms of association, although S. africanus mainly has no association with most of the weed species in the field, it prominently has positive association with Lindernia ciliata, and Digitaria ciliaris, with no significant negative association. Keywords: diversity, species association, Spheranthus africanus
Cryopreservation for Germplasm Conservation: Progress Report on Indonesian Elite Mutant Coconut “Kopyor” Sisunandar, Sisunandar
Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation Vol 4, No 1: Proceeding of 4th ICGRC 2013
Publisher : Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation

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Abstract

Among Indonesian elite materials, the Kopyor mutant is a paramount interest, as it is much sought after by customers for its soft and sweet flesh, and high prices with more than 10 times higher than the one of a normal fresh coconut. However, this mutant cannot be conserved by normal means such as field genebanks or seed genebank. An alternative conservation method would be one that involves a degree of dehydration and then ultra-cold storage (cryopreservation). However, as yet such protocols developed for Kopyor have been untested and no field-growing plants have been produced back from these techniques. The cryopreservation of zygotic embryos was achieved through the following steps viz.: a rapid tissue dehydration step prior to storage and a rapid warming step upon recovery followed by acclimatization to soil-supported growth. The best protocol was one based on an 8-hour rapid dehydration step followed by rapid cooling step, rapid warming step and an optimized in vitro culture technique. Following this protocol almost 20 % of cryopreserved embryo could be returned to normal seedlings growing in soil. Moreover, 23 % of recovered embryos were viable but unable to produce normal plantlets, mostly showed stunted shoot. These results indicate that it is possible to store coconut kopyor germplasm on a long-term basis using cryopreservation approach, even though the production of abnormal seedlings following cryopreservation as has been seen in many recalcitrant species before remains a major challenge for the cryopreservation protocol.Keywords: cryopreservation, Embryo culture, Germplasm conservation, Kopyor, Rapid dehydration
Heavy Metal of Lead (Pb) Profile in Water, Sediment and Seagrass (Thalassia hemprichii) in Ambon Island Tupan, Charlotha I.; Herawati, E. Y.; Herawati, E. Y.; Arfiati, D.; Aulanni’am, Aulanni’am
Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation Vol 4, No 1: Proceeding of 4th ICGRC 2013
Publisher : Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation

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Abstract

Differences in the accumulation of lead heavy metal among plant organs (leaves, roots and rhizomes) were examined in the seagrass Thalassia hemprichii. Samples were taken from three coastal waters in Ambon Island, with total of nine sampling sites encompassing by seagrass distribution and also based on the land use. Lead heavy metal content was analyzed on the seagrass organs, water and sediment by atomic absoption spectrophotometer. It appeared that leaves, roots and rhizomes of T. hemprichii were able to uptake lead from water and sediment. Lead concentration was significantly higher in sediment and roots than water, leave and rhizome. Therefore, roots can be used to determine heavy metal of Pb distribution in coastal waters.
Relationship Between the Concentration of Mercury (Hg) Along Kahayan Watershed Central Kalimantan with the Bioaccumulation, Morphological and Cytological Changes of Catfish (Pangasius pangasius) Savitri, Shanty; Ghofur, Abdul; Amin, Moch.
Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation Vol 4, No 1: Proceeding of 4th ICGRC 2013
Publisher : Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation

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Abstract

Kahayan River is known to be polluted by mercury due to the gold mining activities which use the mercury in the amalgamation (gold purifying) process. The water and fish in this river are consumed by most of the community live in the river basin. The fish consumed by Central Kalimantan people generally come from Kahayan River. Catfish (Pangasius pangasius) is one of the fish which is often consumed by Central Borneo people. They like the fish because of its delicious taste and its fat flesh. Besides, the fish bones are quite big and do not reach its body flesh. Generally, the yellowtail catfish is also raised by the local citizen inside baskets called karamba along the Kahayan watershed. The purposes of this research are to know: 1) the connection between the concentration of mercury along the Kahayan watershed and the mercury bioaccumulation contained in the catfish’s gill, liver, kidney, and muscles, 2) the catfish’s morphological changes related to the mercury bioaccumulation, and 3) the catfish’s cytological changes related to the mercury bioaccumulation. The results of the research are 1) there is connection between the mercury concentration along the Kahayan watershed and the mercury bioaccumulation contained in the catfish’s gill, liver, and muscles or Ho acceptance, 2) the morphological changes in the fish’s organs are: (a)the gill are experiencing colour changes from red with no spot into pink with spots, (b) the  catfish’s liver are experiencing colour changes from brownish into dark red, and shape changes from compact and not wrinkled into a little bit wrinkled, (c) the fish’s kidney are experiencing colour changes from red into dark brownish red, and shape changes from oval into wrinkled, (d) the fish’s muscles are not experiencing morphological changes either the colour or the shape, there are only some spots in the middle part of the muscle, 3) the cytological changes in the organs cells of the catfish are: (a)the changes in the gill’s cells are in the form of lamella edge swelling, lamella epithelium  cell spreading, and nucleus disappearing; these indicate that there is necrosis in the gill’s cells; (b) the necrosis in the heart cells are marked with the cells colour absorption as the consequence of cells permeability declining and oedema (cell swelling); (c) the necrosis in the kidney cells are marked with the cells colour absorption as the consequence of cells permeability declining and oedema (cell swelling); (d) the cytological changes in the muscles cells of the catfish are not clearly seen, but the blood smear of the sample fish from the villages whose river water indicated to be polluted by mercury like Tumbang Anjir village is having necrosis, indicated by a strong colour absorption as the consequence of cells permeability decliningFrom the research results, it can be concluded that the mercury bioaccumulation in the Kahayan watershed related to the catfish’s morphological and cytological changes is as the result of the toxic nature of mercuryand there is direct connection between the mercury concentration along the Kahayan watershed and the mercury bioaccumulation inside the catfish’s body. Keywords: bioaccumulation, catfish, cytological change, mercury, morphological change 
Inventarization of Pteridophytes Plants Species in Sriwijaya University Campus Area, Indralaya, South Sumatera Aminasih, Nita; Marisa, Hanifa; Harmida, Harmida
Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation Vol 4, No 1: Proceeding of 4th ICGRC 2013
Publisher : Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation

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Abstract

A taxonomic survey had been done for inventarization of Pteridophytes plants species at The University of Sriwijaya campus area, at April 2011. It was found 30 species that categorized in 11 family, where 24 of those species are herb life-form and 6 of them were bush fern; 27 species were life as terrestrial plants and 3 of them were swampy fern. Gleichenia linearis is the common species found as terrestrial fern, Davalia denticulate common for epiphyte, and Salvinia natans was often found as hydrophytes.Keywords: pteridophytes, species, family, terrestrial, swampy, epiphytes, hydrophytes
Inventory of Orchids in Some Area of Manusela National Park-Maluku Tirta, IG.
Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation Vol 4, No 1: Proceeding of 4th ICGRC 2013
Publisher : Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation

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Abstract

Manusela National Park as one of the conservation areas in Indonesia with 189.000 Ha, located in the central part of the island of Seram, Central Maluku Regency, Maluku Province. Maluku Province has different characteristics compared to other protected areas. Information on the kind of orchid flora is limited. Base of mentioned above the research were conducted in Manusela National Park (Taman Nasional Manusela).The aim of this research are to inventory and collect the orchid at MNP. The research was done in 17 days from May 24 to June 9, 2011 with exploration method. Results shows that 73 species were found and collected. Most of the collection are Dendrobium genus (13 of species). Key words : Inventory, Manusela National Park, orchid
Morphology of Colletotrichum Species Pathogenic to Pepper (Capsicum spp.) Fruits from Lampung Yulianty, Yulianty; Ellyzarti, Ellyzarti; Lande, Martha L.
Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation Vol 4, No 1: Proceeding of 4th ICGRC 2013
Publisher : Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation

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Abstract

Colletotrichum is known  causing anthracnose diseases on many plants. The taxonomy of Collettorichum spp. have been largely concerned with classical descriptive criteria such as conidial shape and size, and presence, absence and morphology of setae.The samples of Colletotrichum were collected from infected pepper fruits from the traditional market in Lampung. The samples observed under microscope and identification of Colletotrichum using standart texts. Two species were found; 1. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc. with four different conidial shapes,cylindrical with obtuse ends, cylindrical with a slightly tapered base and obtuse apex, slightly clavate, and cylindrical with obtuse ends with narrowing in the centre ; 2. Colletotrichum capsici (Syd.) Butler & Bisby with conidia falcate, fusiform, apices acute.Keyword : Anthracnose, Colletotrichum, Pepper
Study Ethnobotany Andong Plants of the Genus Cordyline in the Dayaknese of Meratus Lok Lahung Village, Loksado, South Borneo Gunawan, Gunawan
Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation Vol 4, No 1: Proceeding of 4th ICGRC 2013
Publisher : Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation

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Abstract

This research aims to inform about use plants of th egenus cordyline in the Dayaknese of Meratus, Lok Lahung village, South Borneo and documented the local cultural in the use of genus Cordyline plant. The method used is purposive sampling with a sampling intensity of 10% +3. The data was collected by surveys and interviews with semi-structural techniques. The results of this study showing plants of the genus Cordyline is a Lok Lahung village, Loksado South Borneo is red andong (Cordyline fruticosa L.) and green andong (Cordyline terminalis P.). In the Lok Lahung village have major role in their lives that is widely used in religious, rituals and beliefs, medicine.. Andong red plant parts most widely used are the leaves and stems. Leaves and stems are widely used in traditional ceremonies and rituals.Keywords: benefits of andong, ethnoanthropology, The Dayaknese of Meratus
Study of Metanil Yellow Toxic Effect on The Pregnant Mice (Mus musculus) strain Balb/C During Fetal Organogenesis Development Setyawati, Arie; Rahmawati, Rita Rizky; Hariri, Muhammad Rifqi; Tenzer, Amy
Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation Vol 4, No 1: Proceeding of 4th ICGRC 2013
Publisher : Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation

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Abstract

The aim of this research is to identify the toxic effect of metanil yellow in pregnant mice during fetal organogenesis development. Twenty five pregnant mice at 2,5 months age were gavaged during 7th-16th day of gestation in five doses treatment groups per day at: 1) 0 mg per 20 g body weight, 2) 0,435 mg per 20 g body weight, 3) 0,87 mg per 20 g body weight, 4) 1,305 mg per 20 g body weight, and 5) 1,74 mg per 20 g body weight. Everyday, the weight of female mice were measured and on the 18th day, fetuses were taken by caesarean section to observe the fetal development. The observation was about maternal’s reproductive performance, body weight and liver, kidney, and spleen morphology. Data was analysed descriptively. The result reveals that all doses affect the maternal’s body weight, caused liver, kidney and spleen inflammation and also caused fetal abortion.Keywords: fetal organogenesis development, metanil yellow, pregnant mice Balb/C, toxic effect 

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