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Cell T Regulator CD4 + CD25 + Increasing Tolerance of Donors and Recipients on Allogenic Transplantation Muhaimin Rifa’i
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 1, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

To gain transplantation tolerance between donor and recipients is the ultimate goal of all transplantations, either solid or bone marrow transplantation. Activation and induction of regulatory T cells are shown to increase tolerance between donor and recipient. This study describes the importance of regulatory T cells, CD4+CD25+ in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Injection of bone marrow cells as much as (3-5) x 105 shown to increase donor T cell engraftments in recipient, both CD4 and CD8 populations. Naive T cells, CD4+CD62L+ cells increased in recipients receiving bone marrow co-transfer with regulatory T cells. In this study also demonstrated that granulocytes and B cells can better develop on a recipient that receives co-transfer of regulatory T cells. Interestingly, the cells that are resistant to radiation remain on the peripheral and does not interfere with the bone marrow. The results of this study could illustrate, at least partially, how naturally occurring Tregs exert their regulatory function in vivo as they constitute only 5 – 10% of peripheral CD4+ T cells.

Study of Ozone Synthesis With Methods of Plasma Discharge Rachmat Triandi Tjahjanto; Sri Wardhani; Ulfa Anggraini
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 1, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

In this research an ozonator prototype has been built to produce ozone, consists of air pump, gas flowmeter, an ozone reactor, and a glass pipe of nozzle. The most important part of the device is the reactor which consisting three main parts; 5 mm alloy electrode connected to a high voltage generator in the form of electrical gas stove lighter, 1 mm copper negative electrodes connected to the ground and a glass plasma discarge. The ozone gas formed is flowed to a container consisting of methyl orange solution 20 ppm at wave lenght of 470 nm. The concentration of ozone is determined by spectrophotometry method. The ozonator is characterized by ozonation periode variation of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes with the voltage used 3,5 volt, voltage variation of 3, 4, and 5 volts and flow rate variation of 227, 363, 464, 662, 864, and 1060 mL/min at the voltage used 3.5 volt. The result showed that the longer period and the higher voltage used for ozonation, the higher the ozone gas produced. The concentration of ozone obtained in this research is 0.76 ppm reached at 363 mL/min with 20 minutes ozonation duration.

T Cell Donor Type Regulator Required to Prevent Failure of Bone Marrow Transplantation of Alogenic System on Model C57BL / 6 → BALB / c Muhaimin Rifa’i
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 1, No 4 (2012)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

In solid organ and bone marrow transplantation, rejection of donor tissue by recipient and graft versus host disease (GVHD) reactions are the most important issues in the health field. Furthermore, it is known that the tolerance between donor and recipient cannot be maintained for long term without manipulation. To determine the role of regulatory T cells, in this experiment we conducted infusion of donor type CD4+CD25+ T cells. Before transplantation was performed, recipients were irradiated with lethal doses of 850 rad. In this study, we demonstrated that the infusion of donor type CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in transplantation model of C57BL/6 → BALB/c promoted the tolerance of recipient against donor. Incontras, conventional T cells CD4+CD25- cannot help the success of transplantation at three months post-transplantation. Rejection of donor tissue by the recipient and GVHD reaction are caused by the activation of T cells and lack of regulatory T cells, CD4+CD25+. These results suggest that CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells play an important role to homeostasis maintaining and keeping the number and function of lymphocyte T cells in normal circumstances. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that donor CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cellsexpress high levels of Foxp3 molecules.

Study on the Preparation and Liquid Smoke Fluids Characterization as the Results of Pyrolysis from Sawdust Sri Sugiarti; M. Nurhuda
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 1, No 4 (2012)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

There is a huge amount of biomass resources but it has not been utilized properly. For instance, converting it into liquid smoke. Liquid smoke is produced by pyrolysis process from four differences sawdust i.e. teak (Tectona grandis sp), mahagony (Switenia mahagoni jacq), jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus lamk), and red sandalwood (Pterocarpus indicus). Pyrolysis process required 750-gram sawdust and performed for approximately 40 minutes.Percentage of liquid smoke production ranged from 26.51 ± 0.009% (mahagony) – 32.12 ± 0.009% (jackfruit). While, the charcoal produced ranged from 23.54 ± 0.008% (mahagony) – 34.76 ± 0.009% (jackfruit). The density value of liquid smoke produced ranged between 1014.996 ± 0.346 kg/m3 (mahagony) – 1019.408 ± 0.037 kg/m3 (teak).

Study of Package Fraction Fraction Sensitivity TRISO in Design of HTR Pebble Bed Criticality Zuhair Zuhair; Suwoto Suwoto
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 1, No 4 (2012)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

HTR is a high temperature reactor used for electricity production and process heat applications such as hydrogen production, desalination of sea water, enhanced oil recovery and so on. HTR is designed based on the utilization of TRISO fuel particles that can prevent strongly the escape of fission products even at temperatures above 1600 oC. TRISO particles packing fraction is one of four key parameters that are essential in HTR design besides radius of the kernel, kernel density and fuel enrichment. This paper discusses the sensitivity of TRISO particles packing fraction that impacts to the loading of uranium in the fuel pebble, the long cycle of reactor operation and achievable maximum fuel burn-up. With the capability of Monte Carlo transport code MCNP5, all components of the reactor, starting from TRISO particles, were modeled in detail and explicit and calculated using the continuous energy nuclear data library ENDF/B-VI. The results show that the value of effective multiplication factor (keff) has a tendency to increase with decreasing particle TRISO packing fraction and to decrease with increasing fuel burn-up. Keff values decrease with increasing TRISO particle packing fraction both at the beginning of cycle (BOC) and at the end of cycle (EOC). Reactivity swing is also very sensitive on the TRISO particles packing fraction. From the analysis, it can be concluded that TRISO particles packing fraction greatly affects the neutronics performance of HTR pebble bed design. Packing fraction can change the effective multiplication factor (keff) and the swing reactivity with similar behavior.

Allergenity Test of Porang Bulb Variant (Amorphophallus oncophyllus Hook.) By ELISA Ig-E Method Sofy Permana; Sri Widyarti; Serafinah Indriyani; Dian Siswanto; Aris Soewondo
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 1, No 4 (2012)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

Porang (Amorphophalus oncophyllus Hook.), a tuber plant, is intensively explored for export commodities from East Java and as a raw food stuff material for domestic industry. The prospects of Porang tubers as the healthy food is interesting, however some studies are needed for their allergy effects. It was thought that the allergy effects of Porang are caused by the composition of Calcium Oxalate crystal that leads the itching and irritation in the mouth. On the other hands, the food allergy is usually caused by unchanged protein during food digesting. Some proteins have been known that play a role in Calcium Oxalate crystal (Matrix proteins) formation, they are: Asp-rich and Ser-rich acidic proteins that are tightly bound to Calcium. So, substantially the allergen of Porang tuber is from the matrix protein, not from its crystal. The allergen in the food is usually a protein that is not change during the food digestion. In this study, it has been done the allergic test of some Porang tuber variants, namely: Sumber Baru-Jember; Klangon, Saradan-Madiun and Sumber Bendo, Saradan-Madiun, by ELISA-IgE from rat’s blood serum that have been orally treated by raw Porang tubers powder before. The SDS-PAGE analysis shows that the proteins bands profiles are similar between raw and steamed Porang tubers (appearance Molecular Weight: 18 and 15 kDa). But, those raw Porang tubers bands are thicker than the steamed ones. The thickness of those raw Porang tubers decrease from 25 to 50 %, compare to those steamed ones. It means that the steaming of Porang is effective to decrease the potential allergy of Porang for consumptions. The allergic test analysis by ELISA-IgE revealed that the potential allergy of Porang are: Sumber Baru (Jember) > Porang var. Klangon - Saradan (Madiun) > Porang var. Sumber Bendo - Saradan (Madiun), respectively.

Adsorption of Mg (II) Ion Using Chlorophilized Chitin Adsorbent Darjito Darjito; Rachmat Triandi; Diah Mardiana; M. Fathoni
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

A study concerning the adsorption of Mg (II) ions using phosporilation chitin adsorbent. The process is a surface modification of adsorbent chitin by enriching the phosphate group that acts as a hard base so it would be more suitable binding Mg (II) ions, which acts as a hard acid. This research aims to study the effect of contact time and concentration variations of Mg (II) ions on the adsorption process using phosporilation chitin adsorbent. Variables to be examined in this study in order are contact times (40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 minutes) and the concentration of Mg (II) ions variation are (10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, and 200 ppm). The results for the characterization of phosporilation chitin adsorbent can be detect from the IR absorption band at wavenumber 1099.35 cm-1 are suspected of phosphate ions and IR absorption band at wave number 1272.93 cm-1 and 1201.57 cm-1 are estimated as phosphate covalent. The contacts times significantly affect the adsorption Mg (II) ions by the phosporilation chitin adsorbent, then the optimum of contact time is 120 minutes. Adsorption capacity of phosporilation chitin adsorbent for the Mg(II) ions is 499 mg/g.

Extraction and Purification of Antibacterial Compounds from Java Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) Hardoko Hardoko; Claudia Abigail
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

Tamarind has bioactive compounds that can exhibit antimicrobial activities but further information about its specific compounds and the antibacterial activity changes between crude extract and isolate had not been repoted yet. Crude extract of tamarind pulp in this experiment was tested for phytochemical compounds and antibacterial activity (MIC and MBC). In order to isolate and identify antibacterial compounds, column chromatography, thin layer chromatography (TLC), and gas chromatography (GC-MS) were applied. Mobile phase for column chromatography was ethyl acetate:ethanol in 100:0 until 0:100 ratio. The maximum wavelengths for all fractions were scanned and all concentrated fractions used for antibacterial activity test. The result showed the best inhibition zone came from FD-2 fraction (2nd fraction of ethyl acetate:ethanol = 70:30 ratio). FD-2 fraction had MIC 1.18% and MBC 4.70% for Pseudomonas sp., MIC 0.54% and MBC 2.16% for Listeria monocytogenes. Its activity was smaller than the crude extract that had MIC 0.65% and MBC 2.61% for Pseudomonas sp., MIC 0.46% and MBC 1.85% for Listeria monocytogenes. For the next step, FD-2 fraction was separated using thin layer chromatography. The best single spot was given by ethyl acetate:ethanol = 0:1 with the maximum wavelength 368 nm; 458.5 nm; and 550 nm. Fraction was identified with GC-MS resulted antibacterial compounds such as hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, 11-octadecenoic acid methyl ester, 9-octadecenoic acid, eicosanioc acid, stigmasterol, and gamma-sitosterol.

Estimation of Radiation Dose Calculation on Non Static Organs Novan Habiburrahman; Johan A.E. Noor; Unggul P. Juswono
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

In this study developed a program calculating the estimated radiation dose to the cancer by using a program that can run on a variety of computer operating systems platforms. The program used is a Java application programming interface (API) Greenfoot. The program determines the value of the accumulated dose received by each pixel in multiple beam irradiation with attenuation values obtained from the analysis of data Hounsfield value CT-scan. Hounsfield value of each pixel is generated based on the relationship value of grayscale linearity then. Hounsfield value of the CT-scan converted into the value of the gamma-ray attenuation. The dose received by the skin surface used as a reference to determine the length of time considered organ irradiation in static conditions on the program. Movement of the target irradiation in treatment may reduce the efficiency level of success. Moving organ radiation Treatment can be done. Radiation pulse period set for the radiation beam on the target in this phase organ reaches ± 60% of the maximum volume. A pulse rays will be effect the long exposure time can be calculated with the program.

Mathematical model of HIV / AIDS Transmission with Health Education Marsudi Marsudi; Ratno Bagus Edy Wibowo
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

In this research has been carried out the stability analysis of HIV/AIDS epidemic model with a public health educational through the expansion of the SI (susceptible-infected) model. In modeling of HIV/AIDS epidemic, the population is divided into six subpopulations: uneducated susceptible individuals, educated susceptible individuals, uneducated infected individuals without AIDS symptoms, educated infected individuals with AIDS symptoms, uneducated infected individuals with AIDS symptoms and educated infected individuals with AIDS symptoms. The disease-free equilibrium point of the HIV transmission model with education program is locally asymptotically stable if the basic reproduction number is less than unity and unstable if the basic reproduction number is greater than unity. The endemic equilibrium point is exist if the effective reproduction number is greater than unity and stability of endemic equilibrium point has been determined using the Center manifold theory. The center manifold theory can be used to analyze the stability near the disease-free equilibrium point (the effective reproduction number is equal to unity). The impact of a public health education on the spread of HIV/AIDS, the sensitivity analysis on effective reproduction numbers respect to all the parameters which drive the disease dynamics.

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Contact Name
-

Contact Email
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Journal Mail Official
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Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota malang,

Jawa timur

INDONESIA