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Natural B
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
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Articles 200 Documents
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Gambaran Penggunaan Obat Antidiabetes Mellitus Berdasarkan Indikator WHO di Instalasi Rawat Jalan RSUD Provinsi NTB Periode 2018 Turisia, Nadya Arianita; Aini, Siti Rahmatul; Ratnata D, Ni Made Amelia
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 5, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

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Abstract

Prevalensi diabetes mellitus (DM) di Indonesia meningkat menjadi peringkat ke-5 di dunia dengan perkiraan 9,1 juta penderita DM pada tahun 2014. Diabetes merupakan gangguan pada glukosa darah dengan karakteristik meningkatnya kadar glukosa darah disertai dengan penyakit lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran penggunaan obat pada pasien DM berdasarkan indikator peresepan World Health Organization (WHO) yaitu jumlah obat perlembar resep, penggunaan obat generik, antibiotik dan obat injeksi. Pengumpulan data resep rawat jalan dilakukan secara retrospektif pada periode di RSUDP NTB Januari-Desember 2018. Sebanyak 113 lembar resep dengan 312 item obat, diperoleh rata-rata jumlah obat perlembar yaitu 2,76%. Penggunaan obat generik sebesar 56,19%, persentase penggunaan antibiotik sebesar 0,01%, sedangkan peresentase penggunaan obat injeksi sebesar 40,72%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian penggunaan obat injeksi memiliki nilai tinggi dibandingkan dengan nilai standar WHO dan obat generik dan antibiotik memiliki nilai rendah dibandingkan dengan nilai rujukan WHO.
Identification of Aquifers Distribution using Geoelectric-Resistivity Method with Schlumberger Configuration in Gedangan Village, Malang Regency Ahmad N. Faris; Daeng A. Suaidi; Sutrisno Sutrisno; Muhammad Fathur Rouf Hasan; Agung B. Broto
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 5, No 1 (2019)
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Abstract

Drought is one of the problems in Gedangan Village during the dry season. So that district needs more groundwater resources. The geoelectric-resistivity method usually used for groundwater exploration. This method used for identifying changes in the resistivity of rock layers beneath the earth's surface by flowing direct current (DC). This research intends to identify the pattern of groundwater distribution using the geoelectric-resistivity method with Schlumberger configuration in Gedangan Village, Gedangan District, Malang Regency. Thirteen VES points were obtained by Schlumberger configuration and each long stretch until 400 m. Then each the two parallel VES points arranged to obtain a 2D cross-section. The results indicate this area surrounded by karst and it has lithology consists of sandy marlstone, claystone, and limestone. The resistivity value is between 1.41 - 8.28 Ωm identified as sandy marlstone and it presumed as an aquifer. The aquifers with large amounts of groundwater are in the VES point lines of 01-02, 03-04 and 04-05. These lines are located in the south of the Gedangan district office and the police station.
Microtremor Assessment to Investigate the Local Site Response and the Depth of Weathering Rock at Institut Teknologi Sumatera Campus Area Maria Rosalita Pujiastuti Sudibyo; Erlangga I. Fattah; Cahil Suhendi; Reza Rizki
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 5, No 2 (2019)
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Local site effects related to the local geology can influence the damage of earthquake, by amplifying or deamplifying the horizontal movement of ground motion. To characterize the site effects in a local area, the natural frequency and the amplification factors can be estimated by performing Horizontal-to-Spectral Ratio on microtremor data. The amplification factors and natural frequency obtained then can be used to estimate the seismic vulnerability and the depth of the bedrock. This method is applied by recording the microtremor data in 1.5x1.5 km2 ITERA campus area, deploying 11 points of measurements. The recording of 45 to 60 minutes long for each point has been done to accommodate the lowest possible natural frequency we may obtain. The HVSR estimation shows that there are two predominant frequency, F0 and F1, ranging from 0.7 to 1.31 Hz and 3.88 to 8,71 Hz. These two dominant frequencies are associated with two layers of tuff, a soft weathered laying on a thicker and stiffer tuff rock layer. The amplification factors Ao are varied from 2.5 to 9 and is considered as the low bound of the real amplification factor. The depth of the soft weathered tuff is estimated ranging from 8 to 18 m. The seismic vulnerability estimated from this research is ranged from 7 to 65, implying that the area has mid-level of vulnerability.
The Effect of Egg White Addition to Increase the Tensile Strength of Organic Planting Ribbons Lintang Ayu Rengganingrum; Johan Andoyo Effendi Noor; Lailatin Nuriyah
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 5, No 1 (2019)
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Abstract

Egg white contains high protein. Egg white acts as supporting matrix as well as adhesive and organic preservation. Organic planting ribbon based on mixture of water hyacinth with banana stalk is a supporting material for planting purpose, especially for rice planting system. This ribbon is in the form of a rice seed filled ribbon. The application of organic rolling tape in rolls and then lengthwise requires a high level of tensile strength so as not to tear easily. Variations of egg white composition are added to the organic planting tape to increase the value of its tensile strength. The tensile strength test was performed by Force Gauge physical properties i.e. shape, modulus, and density to determine density and strength of adding egg white as a matrix amplifier on the organic plant tape filler. Measurements were made by simulating the planting of rice planted with organic tuna with egg white and without egg whites which watered once every five days for sixty days. The results obtained are compared for analysis and drawn conclusions. The best data obtained for the addition of 250 grams of egg whites respectively for the value of tensile strength of 0.112 N / mm (before planting simulation) and 0.058 N / mm (after planting simulation) with the ability to survive around the age of 50 days.
Analisis Kesehatan Mangrove di Probolinggo Menggunakan Data Sentinel-2A Rizky Mauli Diyah; Bowo Eko Cahyono; Agung Tjahjo Nugroho
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 5, No 2 (2019)
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Probolinggo is one of the regencies which is directly adjacent to the Madura Strait and this area has a coastal area of around 71,893 Km. This long coastal area cause the area has high risk of coastal abrasion, so that monitoring of the condition of mangrove forests is needed to prevent the abrasion. In the coastal areas of probolinggo mangrove forests are used into purposes fields such as tourism, disaster prevention, education and conservation. To maximize the role of the mangrove forests, the analysis of mangrove health analysis in Probolinggo is very important to do. Because of the large research area, the utilization of remote sensing becomes an important alternative method. This study utilizes Sentinel-2A satellite imagery using the supervised classification method for area classification and the Normalized Different Vegetation Index method to classify mangrove health. Based on the results of the supervised classification analysis, the accuracy test using overall accuracy gives the accuracy result of 96.57% and from the mangrove health classification it is known that most of the mangroves in Probolinggo are in good health with a percentage of 75.75% of the total mangrove area i.e 367.04 hectares . Further research on the correlation of mangrove health to water quality is suggested to get more complex information about mangrove health.
Studi Etnofarmakologi Antiparasit Masyarakat Komunitas Adat Dusun Limbungan di Lombok Timur Rina Marjuliana; Kurniasih Sukenti; Iman Surya Pratama
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 5, No 2 (2019)
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Abstract

Masyarakat Lombok Timur memiliki pengetahuan etnofarmakologi tentang penyakit parasit yang diperoleh melalui tradisi lisan dan tulisan. Keterbatasan dalam tradisi tutur dan misinterpretasi lontar mendorong upaya eksplorasi dan pelestarian pengetahuan etnofarmakologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan aspek pemanfaatan etnofarmakologi antiparasit pada komunitas adat Limbungan di Lombok Timur. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode wawancara semi terstruktur dan mendalam. Informan terdiri atas belian, tokoh adat dan penduduk lokal diperoleh melalui snowball sampling. Informasi dianalisa secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Analisis kuantitatif dilakukan dengan menghitung Index of Cultural Significance (ICS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 35 spesies dari 22 famili sebagai antiparasit. Penyakit parasit yang diobati terdiri atas sembilan penyakit  seperti malaria, kutu, cacingan, feses berdarah, feses berlendir, mencret, anemia, skabies,  dan borok. Nilai ICS tertinggi terdapat pada Lannea coromandelica (Houtt) Merr dan terendah pada Euphorbia sp, Zingiber zerumbet berturut-turut 123 dan 18. Pengobatan antiparasit memiliki beberapa kearifan lokal seperti pembacaan do’a setiap preparasi ramuan obat dan pengobatan. Takaran dosis masih menggunakan cara tradisional dan secara umum pengobatan dilakukan dua kali sehari. Pengetahuan etnofarmakologi masyarakat Limbungan terkait antiparasit berpotensi untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut.
The Antibiofilm Activity of Jatropha curcas L.Latex on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 Rosmalinda Utami; Siti Rahmatul Aini; Dyke Gita Wirasisya
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 5, No 1 (2019)
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Nosocomial infections worldwide shows high rates. One of the causes of nosocomial infections is Staphylococcus aureus. S. aureus as an infectious pathogen is known to form biofilms that often cause failure of antibiotic therapy. Jatropha is one of the plants used by the community in treating various diseases, including infections. The purpose of this study was to determine the jatropha latex antibiofilm activity on S. aureus by microdilution method with crystal violet staining. The results showed that jatropha latex extract had antibiofilm activity, with biofilm inhibition percentages of 150% at concentrations of 0.625 mg/mL, while percent degradation was 189% at concentrations of 5 mg/mL. Jatropha latex extract had biofilm inhibition activity at extract concentrations of 0.625 mg/mL and biofilm degradation at extract concentration of 5 mg/mL. The result of this study can be used as topical drugs for infectious wounds.
Pengaruh Laju Alir terhadap Karakter Plasma dan Sifat Hidrofobisitas Lapisan Polistirena di atas QCM Menggunakan Metode RF dengan DC Bias Abu Bakar; Masruroh Masruroh; Djoko Herry Santjojo
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 5, No 2 (2019)
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Telah dilakukan perlakuan plasma nitrogen menggunakan metode RF dengan DC bias plasma di atas permukaan polistiren dengan variasi laju alir. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mempelajari pengaruh laju alir terhadap sifat hidrofobisitas permukaan polistirena di atas quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor. Polistirena dilarutkan dengan pelarut toluena dan dideposisikan di atas permukaan QCM dengan teknik spin coating. Perlakuan plasma nitrogen dilakukan dengan variasi laju alir 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 65 dan 70 ml/menit, dan parameter tekanan pada 40 Pa, tegangan RF 90 volt, DC bias 400 volt.  Spesies plasma berupa panjang gelombang dan intensitas diukur dengan optical emission spectroscopy (OES) Aurora 400. Sifat hidrofobisitas polistirena diukur dengan contact angle measurement dan gugus fungsi C≡N diobservasi dengan Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Hasil OES berupa panjang gelombang dan intensitas dicocokkan dengan NIST atomic database, dan didapatkan spesies plasma paling dominan yang terdeteksi merupakan spesies radikal atom N pada panjang gelombang 388 nm dan 424 nm, dan NIII ( ) pada panjang gelombang 334 nm. Hasil pengukuran sudut kontak mengalami kecenderungan perubahan yaitu sudut kontak naik sampai laju alir 50 ml/menit dan turun sampai 70 ml/menit.  Nilai perubahan sudut kontak untuk pengaruh laju alir menunjukkan nilai kurang dari 90°, sehingga permukaan bersifat hidrofilik. Hasil observasi dengan FTIR ditemukan gugus fungsi C≡N pada permukaan polistirena setelah dilakukan perlakuan plasma. Gugus Fungsi C≡N terbentuk dikarenakan interaksi spesies plasma berupa radikal atom N dan ion N2+ yang menumbuk permukaan polistirena. Gugus fungsi C≡N bersifat polar sehingga memberikan perubahan pada sifat hidrofobisitas permukaan polistirena.
Analysis of The Distribution of Geothermal Potential and The Manifestations in Ijen Volcanic Complex Based on Land Surface Temperature and Geomorphology Bowo Eko Cahyono; Nurfaizatul Jannah; Agus Suprianto
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 5, No 1 (2019)
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Indonesia's geographical conditions which are at the confluence of three tectonic plates contribute to the availability of geothermal energy. The first step that can be taken in geothermal potential exploration activities is to study the characteristics of geothermal potential areas. In this case the study of the characteristics of geothermal potential will be carried out in the Ijen Mountains complex. This study aims to analyze the distribution of geothermal potential based on land surface temperature, and geothermal manifestations based on the association of land surface temperature and geomorphology. Remote sensing data used in the study were Landsat 8 images acquired in September 2013, 2015, and 2017. The results showed that geothermal potential areas were in the interior of the Ijen Mountains caldera with a temperature anomaly of 26-50 °C which was dominated by high greenish vegetation. While some geothermal manifestations that have been recorded are known to be associated with lineament that intersects with high land surface temperatures, so that the lineament that has the potential to be a fluid discharge pathway for geothermal manifestations is lineament that consistently intersects with high land surface temperatures in September 2013, 2015, and 2017 with the Southeast-Northwest and Southwest-Northeast orientations.
Pengaruh Peningkatan Kualitas Data Magnetotelurik di Pulau Muna dan Sekitarnya Berdasarkan Analisis Koherensi Terhadap Pemodelan 2D Gusti Muhammad Lucki Junursyah; Dimas Hanif Salsabil; Eddy Mirnanda
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 5, No 2 (2019)
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Penelitian di daerah Pulau Muna dan sekitarnya telah banyak dilakukan sebelum tahun 2011, karena merupakan bagian dari cekungan sedimen frontier yang berpotensi mengandung hidrokarbon. Secara regional, bagian permukaan daerah ini didominasi oleh batugamping Formasi Wapulaka berumur Kuarter sehingga untuk mengetahui sebaran batuan yang lebih tua sangatlah sulit dilakukan, oleh sebab itu diperlukan penelitian menggunakan metode geofisika yang salah satunya adalah metode Magnetotelurik (MT) untuk dapat menafsirkan kondisi geologi bawah permukaan (>1 km) berdasarkan sifat kelistrikan batuan. Metode MT merupakan metode geofisika pasif dengan mengukur medan listrik dan magnet alam di permukaan, sehingga akan dipengaruhi oleh banyak gangguan (noise). Analisis koherensi pada data MT termasuk didalamnya proses Robust, analisis deret waktu, dan edit XPR dilakukan untuk mereduksi gangguan tersebut sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas data dari 53,9 – 79% menjadi 80,1 – 95,1% atau meningkat sebanyak 15,7% - 32,1%. Analisis trend kurva dan kedalaman penetrasi pada hasil koherensi memperlihatkan bahwa gangguan dapat tereduksi secara keseluruhan tetapi tidak pada kondisi geologi bawah permukaan yang sangat konduktif.

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