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Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences
Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung
ISSN : 23375760     EISSN : 23385510     DOI : https://doi.org/10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Astronomy Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Mathematics Physics
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences welcomes full research articles in the area of Mathematics and Natural Sciences from the following subject areas: Astronomy, Chemistry, Earth Sciences (Geodesy, Geology, Geophysics, Oceanography, Meteorology), Life Sciences (Agriculture, Biochemistry, Biology, Health, Medical, Pharmacy), Mathematics, Physics, and Statistics.
Arjuna Subject : Matematika - Matematika (Lain-Lain)
Articles 689 Documents
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Efek Perlakuan Rubratoksin B pada Tahap Praimplantasi terhadap Perkembangan Embrio Praimplantasi dan Fetus Mencit (Mus musculus) Swiss Webster Ramadhan Sumarmin; Tien W. Surjono; Sri Sudarwati
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 31 No. 3 (1999)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Abstract

Sari. Rubratoksin B adalah metabolit sekunder yang dihasilkan oleh Penicillium rubrum dan Penicillium purpurogenum, yaitu kapang yang acapkali terdapat sebagai pencemar serealia, terutama pada bahan makanan dan pakan ternak. Rubratoksin B dosis tunggal 0,8 dan 0,9 mg/kg berat badan diberikan secara intraperitoneal pada mencit Swiss Webster umur kebuntingan 0 hari atau 2 hari (tahap praimplantasi). Mencit kontrol hanya diberi propilen glikol sebagai pelarut rubratoksin B. Efek perlakuan terhadap perkembangan embrio praimplantasi diamati pada umur kebuntingan 3,5 hari, sedangkan terhadap fetus pada umur kebuntingan 18 hari. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan embrio praimplantasi terhambat, ditandai oleh berkurangnya jumlah blastosista akhir dan jumlah sel penyusunnya, rerta masih adanya tahap perkembangan awal. Pada tahap pascaimplantasi tampak bahwa jumlah implantasi dan jumlah fetus hidup menurun, kematian intrauterus meningkat, dan muncul kelainan berupa langit-langit bercelah pada fetus. Secara umum, hasil pengamatan yang diperoleh berbeda nyata dari kontrol dan sejalan dengan besarnya dosis rubratoksin B yang diberikan. Pada perlakuan umur kebuntingan 0 hari, embrio lebih banyak terhambat pada tahap 1-8 sel dan morula tidak mampat, sedangkan pada perlakuan umur kebuntingan 2 hari terjadi pergeseran hambatan ke tahap yang lebih tua, terutama pada morula mampat. Terbukti bahwa perlakuan rubratoksin B pada tahap praimplantasi menghambat perkembangan embrio praimplantasi yang mengakibatkan penurunan jumlah implantasi dan jumlah fetus hidup, serla mampu memunculkan kelainan perkembangan pada fetus. Effects of Preimplantation Treatments of Rubratoxin B on the Development of Preimplantation Embryos and Fetuses of Swiss Webster Mouse (Mus Musculus)Abstract. Rubratoxin B is a secondary metabolite of Penicillium rubrum and Penicillium purpurogenum, which moulds are often contaminating cereals, particularly food and feed. Single dosages of rubratoxin B 0.8 and 0.9 mg/kg body weight were administered intraperitoneally to Swiss Webster mice on day 0 or day 2 of gestation (preimplantation stage). Control mice were given propylene glycol only as rubratoxin B solvent. The effects of those treatments on preimplantation embryos were observed on gestation day 3.5, whereas those on fetuses were observed on day 18 of gestation. The results revealed that the development of preimplantation embryos was inhibited, shown by the decreased number of late blastocysts and the presence of earlier developmental stages. In the postimplantation stage these occurred: reduction in the number of implantation sites and live fetuses, increased intrauterine death, and cleft palate in the fetuses. In general, the results of the parameters obtained differed significantly compared to the controls and were dose related. In the treatment on gestation day 0, most of the preimplantation developmental delays occurred at earlier stages, i.e. 1-8 cells stage and uncompacted morulae, whereas in the groups treated on gestation day 2 inhibition shifted to older stages, predominantly at compacted morulae. It is concluded that preimplantation treartments of rubratoxin B inhibit the preimplantation development of the embryos, and consequently decrease the number of implantation sites, as well as the number of live fetuses, and is able to induce fetal malformation. 
Minimisasi Riak Arus Keluaran Penyearah Daya-besaran dengan Menggunakan Filter Aktif Pekik Argo Dahono
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 31 No. 3 (1999)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Abstract

Sari. Suatu metode baru untuk meminimisasi riak arus keluaran penyearah daya besar dengan menggunakan filter aktif diusulkan dalam tulisan ini. Karena filter aktif terhubung parallel dengan beban, maka kapasitas arus filter aktif yang diperlukan menjadi sangat kecil, yaitu sebesar riak arus yang akan dikompensasi. Selain itu, karena filter aktif dihubungkan seri dengan filter kapasitor yang ada, maka kapasitas tegangan filter aktif juga sangat kecil, yaitu sebesar riak tegangan yang dikompensasi. Teknik kendali filter aktif yang diusulkan dijelaskan dalam tulisan ini. Validitas metode yang diusulkan diuji dengan simulasi dan percobaanOutput Current Ripple Minimization of High-Power Rectifiers by using Active FilterAbstract. A new method to minimize the output current ripple of high-power rectifiers by using a dc active power filter is presented in this paper. Because the active filter is connected in paralled to the load, the current rating of the filter is very small, that is as small as the ripple which is going to be compensated. Moreover, because the active filter is series connected to the existing passive filter capacitor, the voltage rating of the active filter is also very small, that is as small as the voltage ripple which is going to be compensated. A control technique for the active filter is proposed in this paper. Validity of the proposed method is verified by simulated and experimental results.
Analisis Penggunaan Autotrafo Penggeser Fasa sebagai minimisator Harmonisa Arus di Sistem Distribusi Tenaga Listrik Syafrudin Syafrudin; Pekik A. Dahono; Sukisno Sukisno; T.M. Soelaiman
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 31 No. 3 (1999)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Abstract

Sari. Meningkatnya aplikasi beban nonlinier di sistem distribusi tenaga listrik telah menyebabkan arus sistem menjadi sangat terdistorsi dengan kandungan harmonisa arus yang sangat tinggi (THD). Persentase THD arus sistem yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan beberapa persoalan harmonisa yang serius. Tulisan ini mengusulkan metode baru untuk meminimisasi harmonisa arus di sistem distribusi tenaga listrik, yaitu dengan menggunakan autrafo penggeser fasa sebagai minimisator.Dalam kasus ini, autotrafo bertindak sebagai penggeser sudut fasa tegangan suplai beban. Akibat penggeseran sudut fasa ini, beberapa komponen arus harmonisa yang signifikan pada sisi sumber tegangan sistem dapat dieleminir, sehingga harmonisa arus yang terdapat di sistem menjadi sangat minim. Secara detail, mekanisme minimisasi harmonisa arus sistem dengan menffunakan autotrafo dijelaskan, dan diberikan beberapa konfigurasi autotrafo penggeser fasa yang dapat digunakan sebagai minimisator harmonisa arus sistem. Hasil eksperimen laboratorium diberikan untuk menunjukkan validitas metode yang diusulkan. Analysis of Phase Shifting Autotransformer as Current Harmonic Minimisator on Power Distribution SystemAbstract. The increasing use of nonlinear loads has made the currents in power distribution system highly distorted with high level harmonic currents content (TIID) and created serious harmonics problems. This paper proposed a new method to minimize current harmonics in power distribution system by using phase shifting autotransformer. The loads of system are devided into two parts which are supplied by autotransformer with 30° phase shifting. The effects of the phase shifting which causes harmonic currents are cencelled, and the resulting currents harmonic in power distribution system are minimized. Detailed mechanism of current harmonic minimization is presented. Several configurations of phase shifting autotransformer are discussed and compared. The influence of load operating conditions are discussed. Experimental results are shown to verify this proposed method.
Pre-kompensasi Respon Saluran Transmisi pada Jaringan Akses Multimedia ADSL 1,6 Mbps Suhono H. Supangkat; Eru P.
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 31 No. 2 (1999)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Abstract

Sari. Berkembangnya pola kehidupan masyarakat semakin meningkatkan kebutuhan akan layanan yang mudah dan cepat, seperti jaringan akses multimedia. Salah satu kelompok sistem xDSL yang merupakan teknologi jaringan akses alternative adalah 16-QAM-ADSL. Masalah utama yang dihadapi dalam sistem Xdsl adalah memperkecil pengaruh respons saluran transmisi, yang umumnya dapat menggunakan equalizer. Pre-kompensasi respons saluran transmisi dapat ditambahkan untuk membantu kerja equalizer. Pre-kompensasi adalah sebuah filter yang ditambahkan sebuah ADC untuk kompensasi awal respons saluran transmisi. Penggunaan pre-kompensasi dapat memperpendek panjang koefisien equalizer menjadi sekitar 20 tap, yang apabila tanpa pre-kompensasi memerlukan sampai 100 tap. 16-QAM-ADSL dapat mencapai kapasitas 1,6 Mbps (TI/DSI pada 1,544 Mbps) pada saluran sejauh 18 kft. 26 AWG. Sistem transceiver 16-QAM-ADSL yang diteliti di sini dapat bekerja dengan baik setelah melakukan pelatihan selama 0,25 detik. Kesalahan fasa sampling sekitar 7,2 derajat dan frekuensi sampling sekitar 10kHz. Transmission Channel of Pre-compensation Response in the ADSL 1.6M bps Multimedia Access NetworkAbstract. The development of the living pattern of society has increased the needs of faster and easier services, such as multimedia access network. One of the xDSL family, as an alternative to the network access technology, is the 16-QAM ADSL. The main problem in xDSL is reducing the transmission channel response which usually can be accomplished by using an equalizer. Transmission channel of pre-compensation response can be added to assist the work of the equalizer. A pre-compensation is a filter which has been added before ADC to compensate the earlier response of the transmission channel. The utilization of the pre-compensation can reduce the length of the equalizer coefficients from 100 tap to 20 tap. The 16-QAM ADSL can reach the capacity of 1.6M bps (TI/DSI 1.544Mbps) in a 18 kft channel 26 AWG. The 16-QAM ADSL transceiver system which is explored in this study has worked well after 0.25 second training period. The sampling phase error is about 7.2° and the sampling frequency error is about 10 Khz.
Pengendalian Inverter Resonan DC Pekik Argo Dahono
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 31 No. 2 (1999)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Sari. Pada makalah ini, dibahas teknik kendali inverter resonan sisi DC jenis tegangan dan jenis arus. Ditunjukkan dalam makalah ini bahwa teknik kendali yang telah dikembangkan untuk mengendalikan inverter resonan jenis tegangan bisa diterapkan untuk mcngendalikan inverter resonan jenis arus. Pada inverter resonan jenis tegangan, arus mula di induktor resonan harus dikendalikan sedemikian rupa sehingga bias djamin bahwa tegangan di kapasitor resonan akan kembali ke nilai nol di akhir perioda resonansi dan mempunyai nilai puncak yang minimum. Sebaliknya, pada inverter resonan jenis arus, tegangan mula di kapasitor resonan harus dikendalikan sedemikian rupa sehingga bisa dijamin bahwa arus di induklor resonan akan kembali ke nilai nol di akhir priode resonarsi dan mempuryai nilai puncak yang minimum. Kesahihan konsep yang diusulkan ini diuji dengan membandingkannya dengar hasil percobaaan. A Control Method for Resonant DC Link InvertersAbstract. This paper presents a control method for voltage-type and current-type resonant DC link inverters. It shows that the control method that has been developed for voltage-type resonant DC inverters can also be applied to the current-type ones. In voltage-type resonant DC link inverters, the initial current of resonant inductor is controlled in such a way to ensure that the resonant capacitor voltage will return to zero at the end of each resonant cycle. On the other hand in current-type inverters, the initial voltage of resonant capacitor is controlled n such a way so that the resonant inductor current will return to zero at the end of each resonant cycle. Validity of the proposed control method is verified by experimental results.
Artonol B and Sikloartobilosanton dari Artocarpus teysmanii MIQ Lukman Makmur; Syamsurizal Syamsurizal; Tukiran Tukiran; Yoharmus Syamsu; Sjamsul Arifin Achmad; Euis Holisotan Hakim; Didin Mujahidin; Norio Aimi; Mariko Kitajima; Hiromitsu Takayama
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 31 No. 2 (1999)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Dua senyawa masing-masing turunan santon lakton, yaitu artonol B (1) dan turunan furanodihidrobenzosanton, yakni Sikloartobilosanton (2), telah ditemukan pada tumbuhan Artocarpus teysmanii Miq. (Moraceae), suatu tumbuhan langka yang endemik untuk Indonesia dan dikenal dengan nama Tipulu. Struktur molekul kedua senyawa tersebut telah ditetapkan berdasarkan data fisika dan spektroskopi (MS, 1H dan 13C NMR). Artonol B (1) dan sikloartobilosanton (2) memperlihatkan toksisitas yang tinggi terhadap udang Artemia salina, dan senyawa 2 juga memperlihatkan aktivitas antimitotik yang rendah terhadap target cdc2 kinase dan cdc25 fosfatase. Artonol B and Cycloartobiloxanthone from Artocarpus teysmanii MIQTwo compounds, a xanthone lactone derivative, namely artonol B (1) and a furanodihydrobenzoxanthone derivative, namely cycloartobiloxanthone (2) had been isolated from Artocarpus teysmanii Miq. (Moraceae), locally known as Tipulu. The structures of both compounds were elucidated based on physical and spectroscopic data (MS, 1H and 13C NMR). Both artonol B (1) and cycloartobiloxanthone (2) showed strong toxicity against Artemia salina in the shrimp bioassay, and compound 2 also showed weak antimitotic activity against cdc2 kinase and cdc25 phosphatase as the targets. Bagian ke-8 dari seri Ilmu Kimia Tumbuhan Moraceae Indonesia, untuk bagian ke-6 lihat pustaka [10].
Senyawa Turunan Piranoflavon dan Furanodihidrobenzoxanton dari Artocarpus Ianceifolius Euis Holisotan Hakim; Asnizar Asnizar; Fera Kurniadewi; Tedi Abdul Ghofar; Sjamsul Arifin Achmad; Lukman Makmur; Didin Mujahidin; Norio Aimi; Mariko Kitajima; Hiromitsu Takayama; Rusjdi Tamin
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 31 No. 2 (1999)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Sari. Dua senyawa turunan piranoflavon dan furanodihidrobenzosanton, masing-masing artelastin (1) dan sikloartobiloksanton (2), telah ditemukan masing-masing pada kayu dan kulit batang tumbuhan Artocarpus lanceifolius Roxb. (Moraceae), suatu tumbuhan langka yang endemik untuk Indonesia dan dikenal dengan nama Keledang. Struktur molekul kedua senyawa tersebut telah ditetapkan berdasarkan data fisika dan spektroskopi (MS, 1H dan 13C NMR). Artelastin (1) sangat menghambat transportasi asam amino leusin melalui membran usus ulat sutera Bontbyx mori, sedangkan sikloartobilosanton (2) menunjukkan toksisitas yang tinggi terhadap udang Artemia salina. Pyranoflavone and Furanodihydrobenzoxanthone Derivatives from Artocarpus IanceifoliusAbstract. Two pyranoflavone and furanodihydrobenzoxanthone derivatives, namely artelastin (1) and cycloartobiloxanthone (2), had been isolated respectivelfy from the wood and the tree bark of Artocarpus lanceifolius Roxb. (Moraceae), an endemic species of lndonesia, locally known as Keledang. The structures of both compounds were elucidated based on physical and spectroscopic data (MS, 1H and 13C NMR). Artelastin (1) strongly inhibited leucin amino acid transport in Bombyx mori midgut, while cycloartobiloxanthone (2) showed high toxicity against Artemia salina shrimp. Bagian ke-6 dari seri Ilmu Kimia Tumbuhan Moraceae Indonesia, untuk bagian ke-5 lihat Pustaka (8)
Isomerisasi 1-buten Menggunakan Zeolit Alam asal Malang, Jawa Timur, sebagai Katalis Melia Laniwati
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 31 No. 2 (1999)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Sari. Isomerisasi l-buten dengan katalis zeolit alam asal Malang, Jawa Timur, dilangsungkan dalam reaktor isotermal unggun tetap dengar suhu divariasikan antara 300° dan 550°C. Reaktan berupa l-buten diproduksi melalui reaksi dehidrasi n-butanol dengan menggunakan katalis alumina aktif pada suhu 400 °C. Komponen utama dalam zeolit alam asal Malang ini adalah mordenit. Zeolit alam, baik yang tidak maupun yang telah diprotonasi atau diasamkan, cukup baik dalam mengkatalisis isomerisasi interkonversi l -buten. Namun, dengan keasaman yang dimilikinya, zeolit alam ini kurang mampu mengisomerisasi l-buten menjadi isobutilen. Produk utama yang dihasilkan adalah trans-2-buten. Konversi reaksi yang dapat dicapai adalah sekitar 78,8%-84,5%. Pada suhu 500°-550 °C konversi dapat mencapai 100%, tetapi yang terjadi bukan isomerisasi melainkan perengkahan. Isomerization of 1-Butene on Natural Zeolite from Malang, East Java, as CatalystAbstract. The isormerization of 1 -butene with natural zeolite from Malang, East Java, as catalyst was carried out in an isothermal fixed bed reactor. The temperature has been varied from 300° up to 550°C. 1-Butene has been prepared by dehydration of n-butanol on alumina active at 400°C. The main component of natural zeolite from Malang is mordenite. Natural zeolite is an effective catalyst for the interconversion isomerization of 1-butene, but unfortunately its acidity is not enough for skeletal isomerization. The main product is 2-trans-butene. The 1-butene conversion ranged from 78.8% to 84.5%. At the high temperature (500°- 550°C), all reactants would be cracked 100%.
Pengukuran Kristalinitas Silika berdasarkan Metode Difraktrometer Sinar-X N.R. Herdianita; Ong H.L.; E.A. Subroto; B. Priadi
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 31 No. 1 (1999)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Sari. Mineralogi dan derajat kristalinitas mineral silika non- dan mikrokristalin dapat ditentukan dengan metode difraktometer sinar-X, yaitu dengan mengukur lebar peak atau hump pada setengah intensitas-maksimum difraksi pada posisi sekitar 4 Ã…. Hasil optimum pengukuran kristalinitas diperoleh bila sampel silika kering berukuran butir 75 hingga 106 μm dipreparasi pada cetakan aluminium dan dianalis mulai 10 hingga 40°2θ dengan kecepatan goniometer 0,6°2θ/menit dan interval pencatatan 0,01°. Prosedur seperti ini akan mempunyai kesalahan tidak lebih dari 0,3°2θ. Measurement of Silica Crystallinity Using X-Ray Diffraction MethodAbstract. Mirralogy and the degree of crystallinity of non- and microcrystalline silica could be determined using the X-ray diffraction method, i.e. by measuring the half-width peak or hump at about 4 Ã…. The optimum and most reproducible results were obtained when dry silica sample powder having a grain size of 75 to 106 μm was prepared at the aluminium holder and scanned from 10 to 40°2θ using goniometer speed of 0.6°2θ and a step size of 0.01°. This procedure will give an experimental error less than 0.3°2θ.
Identifikasi Lapisan Batubara dari Segi Geokimia Anorganik Darmawan Sumardi; Totok Darijanto
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 31 No. 1 (1999)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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Sari. Penentuan kelimpahan unsur kimia dalam percontoh lapisan batubara dilakukan melalui analisis unsur kimia pada abu batubara berupa V, Ni, Cr, Co, Mo, Cu, Zn,Pb, Mn, Sn, Sr, Ba, Cd, As, Ag, Al, Ca, Mg, Fe, Na, dan K serta melalui fraksi-fraksi batubara hasil pemisahan sink and float berupa Si, Al, Ca, Mg, Fe, Ni, Cu, Na, dan K. Jenis unsur tersebut dapat menjadi parameter identifikasi lapisan yang berguna dalam korelasi stratigrafi lapisan, dan gambaran kecenderungan asosiasi mineral dengan golongan maseral batubara yang dapat mendukung pararameter tadi. Dari analisis principal component didapati bahwa Ni, Cr, dan V merupakan parameter yang baik untuk identifikasi lapisan; sebagai pembanding digunakan data lapisan batubara Bihar dari India dan Kanada. Unsur ini diperkirakan terikat pada molekul bahan organik sebelum diagenesis gambut, bersama terbentuknya kuarsa, kaolinit, gips dan cenderung berasosiasi dengan huminit/vitrinit. Mineral yang cenderung terbentuk selama diagenesis adalah siderit, kalsit, Mnkarbonat, serta illit/smektit yang lebih berasosiasi dengan inertinit. Coal Seam Identification from the Aspect of Inorganic GeochemistryAbstract. Elements abundance in the coal scams samples were determined by analyzing 1) the coal ash, namely V, Ni, Cr, Co, Mo, Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, Sn, Sr, Ba, Cd, As, Ag, Al, Ca, Mg, Fe, Na, and K, and 2) maceral rich coal fractions by sink & float separation,  namely Si, Al, Ca, Mg, Fe, Ni, Cu, Na, and K. The scope is to obtain certain elements as a parameter for coal scam identification which could be applied as a useful stratigraphic correlation tool and an inferrence on mineral occurence associated with maceral groups within the coal seam Ni, Cr, and V are shown to be the best parameter for seam identification by means of principal component analysis; for comparison purposes data from Bihar (India) and Canada were used. These elements are interpretated to be fixed to the organic molecules before peat diagenesis contemporancously with the formation of quartz, kaolinite, and gypsum and tend to associate with huminite/vitrinite. Minerals tend to be formed during diagenesis are siderite, calcite, carbonate of Mn, and illite/smectite with the associated inertinite.

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