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Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences

JETS
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Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung

ISSN : 23375779 EISSN : 23385502 DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Engineering

Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences welcomes full research articles in the area of Engineering Sciences from the following subject areas: Aerospace Engineering, Biotechnology, Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Engineering Physics, Environmental Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Information Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Material Science and Engineering, Manufacturing Processes, Microelectronics, Mining Engineering, Petroleum Engineering, and other application of physical, biological, chemical and mathematical sciences in engineering. Authors are invited to submit articles that have not been published previously and are not under consideration elsewhere. Starting from Vol. 35, No. 1, 2003, full articles published are available online at http://journal.itb.ac.id, and indexed by Scopus, Index Copernicus, Google Scholar, DOAJ, GetCITED, NewJour, Open J-Gate, The Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek EZB by University Library of Regensburg, EBSCO Open Science Directory, Ei Compendex, Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) and Zurich Open Repository and Archive Journal Database. Publication History Formerly known as: ITB Journal of Engineering Science (2007 â€“ 2012) Proceedings ITB on Engineering Science (2003 - 2007) Proceedings ITB (1961 - 2002)

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Articles 1,267 Documents

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Cover Vol. 48 No. 5, 2016 Technological Sciences, Journal of Engineering and
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 48, No 5 (2016)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

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Supply and Demand Analysis of Water Resources based on System Dynamics Model Huang, Liguo; Yin, Li
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 49, No 6 (2017)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Humans require clean water for industrial, agricultural, domestic and ecological purposes. Due to climate change and population increase, the lack of clean water resources is becoming more and more serious. A system dynamics model of water resources is proposed for alleviating water shortage, changing the imbalance between supply and demand, promoting sustainable patterns of consumption and production, protecting and managing water resources. First, a water supply and demand model combining principles and methods of system dynamics was constructed by analyzing the factors that influence water resources. The model is divided into five subsystems according to the waterâs purpose, i.e. a supply amount subsystem, an industrial water subsystem, an agricultural water subsystem, an ecological and domestic water subsystem, and a sewage water subsystem. In the model, the supply and demand index can indicate whether scarcity occurs as well as the degree of scarcity. The province of Shandong, China was picked as object of research. Relevant statistical data were analyzed to predict the supply and demand index in Shandong in 15 years using the model. Water scarcity in Shandong is explained through social and environmental drivers by addressing physical and economic decline. Finally, an intervention plan was formulated to avoid water shortage from occurring in the next 15 years.

Drilling Strategy for Thick Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites (CFRP): A Preliminary Assessment Ahmad Sobri, Sharizal; Heinemann, Robert; Whitehead, David; Shuaib, Norshah Afizi
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 50, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer or CFRP composites are the epitome of high-performance materials in lightweight design. However, their machinability can be problematic due to non-homogenous and anisotropic material properties. This preliminary assessment emphasizes drilling strategy by using mechanical drilling and laser machining on 25.4 mm thick CFRP, which has not been investigated so far. In mechanical drilling, three drilling strategies were applied with the same parameters in order to assess the feasibility of drilling thick CFRP. The laser machining experiments were conducted to identify the potential of fiber laser machines to cut thick CFRP due to their superior laser beam quality. The results showed that choosing the appropriate drilling strategy in mechanical drilling is essential for reducing damage when drilling thick CFRP. Significant damage occurred in all experiments. The results are useful to define the relationships between machining parameters related to mechanical/laser drilling and hole/cut quality.

Microbial Production of Xylitol from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Hydrolysate: Effects of Inoculum and pH Kresnowati, Made Tri Ari Penia; Setiadi, Tjandra; Tantra, Tan Mellisa; Rusdi, David
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 48, No 5 (2016)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Considering its high content of hemicellulose, oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) lignocellulosic biomass waste from palm oil processing has the potential to be utilized as the raw material for the production of xylitol, a low calorie, low GI, and anti cariogenic alternative sugar with similar sweetness to sucrose. This research explored the possibility of converting EFB to xylitol via green microbial fermentation, in particular the effects of inoculum and initial pH on the fermentation performance. It was observed that the cell concentration in the inoculum and the initial pH affect cell growth and xylitol production. pH 5 was observed to give the best fermentation performance. Further, the fermentation tended to yield more xylitol at higher initial cell concentration. It was also observed that no growth or fermentation inhibitory compounds were found in the EFB hydrolysate obtained from enzymatic hydrolysis of EFB. Thus it can be used directly as substrate for xylitol fermentation.

Synchronicity of Stress Wave Propagation in Bolt Body and Anchorage Medium Sun, Bing; Xie, Jie-hui; Zeng, Sheng
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 49, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Accurate assessment of anchoring quality depends on the accuracy of assessing stress wave velocity in the anchor system. Stress wave velocity is closely related to collaborative vibration and depends on the degree of bonding between anchor body and anchorage medium. Bonding differences can be large at different ages. Based on stress wave reflection methods, non-destructive testing of anchors was performed using sensors arranged at the same cross-section of the anchor body and anchorage medium, which showed stress wave synchronization. In the early stage of filling, stress wave synchronicity was poorer between the anchor body and mortar. Therefore, the anchor should not be treated as a composite material when determining its wave velocity. Once the mortar hardens, the stress waves become more synchronous and the anchor can be regarded as a composite material. Stress wave synchronicity between the anchor body and mortar is related to mortar age and anchorage length. The anchor length required to provide stress wave synchronization between the anchor body and mortar decreases with increasing mortar age. Stress wave velocity rules were derived for different ages to provide the basis for accurately determining the stress wave velocity in the anchor.

Evaluation of the Fate of Nitrate and Analysis of Shallow Soil Water using Geo-electrical Resistivity Survey Islami, Nur
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 49, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Evaluation of the fate of nitrate and analysis of shallow soil water in a tobacco plantation area were conducted using integration of soil properties and hydrogeochemical analysis, and geo-electrical resistivity methods, taking measurements four times within a three-month period. The sampling data were taken in two areas: a fertilized and a nonfertilized zone. Chemical fertilizer was introduced to the fertilized zone after the first data acquisition. Hydrogeohemical analysis of the soil water was conducted from the surface to a depth of 1 m at an interval of 25 cm. The results show that the cations in the soil water were quite comparable for each monitoring time. Conversely, relatively larger changes in anion content occurred at the surface until a depth of 1 m. In particular, the nitrate concentration reached its maximum level at about 67 days after fertilization and returned to its initial value approximately 195 days after fertilization. The geo-electrical resistivity profiles exhibited no indication of low resistivity values prior to fertilization near the surface. However, lower resistivity values were found in the fertilized zone at the second and third measurement. The result shows that the adjoining environment dissolved the nitrate concentration in the pore soil within the three-month time period.

Non-linear Isotherm Models, Cadmium Kinetics, and Biosorption Thermodynamics of Dried Biomass of Native Aphanothece sp. in a Batch System Satya, Awalina; Harimawan, Ardiyan; Sri Haryani, Gadis; Setiadi, Tjandra
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 49, No 5 (2017)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Dried biosorbent was prepared from Aphanothece sp. cyanobacteria harvested from a photobioreactor system fed with atmospheric carbon dioxide. Cadmium-ion biosorption of the prepared biosorbent from aqueous solution was characterized by non-linear (Langmuir, Freundlich and DubininâRadushkevich) isotherms, non-linear kinetics (pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order) and thermodynamic analysis. The optimum conditions were pH 8.0, 30Â°C, 0.1 g/L biomass, and 60 min contact time. The biosorption efficiencies exceeded 90%. The low-range data (initial Cd concentration C0 = 1.09â6.23 mg/L) and high-range data (C0 = 5.41â83.07 mg/L) were best fitted to the Langmuir model, with maximum uptake capacities of 12.01 and 187.5 mg/g (R2 = 0.995 and 0.996). In the DubininâRadushkevich isotherm model, the mean biosorption energy was 12.91 kJ/mol, suggesting that ion exchange was the working mechanism. The biosorption apparently followed pseudo second-order kinetics (R2 = 0.994â0.999; k2 = 2.04 E-03 to 3.86 E-02 g/mg min). The biosorption process was energetically feasible (âG0 = â13.47ââ8.88 kJ/mol), exothermic (âH0 = â74.82 kJ/mol) and tended to become more ordered (âS0 = â0.204 kJ/mol K) towards the end of the process. The biosorbent was reusable through three adsorption/desorption cycles in 1 M HCl.

Cutting Capability Assessment of Highly Porous CBN Wheels by Microrelief of Plane Parts from 06Cr14Ni6Cu2MoWÐ¢i-Sh Steel Using Artificial Intelligence System Soler, Yakov Iosifovich; Tiem, Nguyen Manh; Le, Nguyen Van
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 48, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

The abrasive tools are the weakest element in the grinding process system, to which great attention is being paid by scientific and industrial collectives. Eleven highly porous wheels (HPWs) were tested: CBN30 (B76, B107, B126, B151) 100 OVK27-ÐF40; CBN30 B107 100 OVKC10-ÐF40; CBN30 B126 100(M, L) VK27- (ÐF25, ÐF40); LKV50 (B107, B126) 100 (M, O) VK27-ÐF40. Assessment of the surface topography was carried out by roughness parameters Ra, Rmax, and Sm(GOST 25472-82), which were considered random variables with their position and dispersion measures. Two artificial intelligence systems â fuzzy logic (FL) and neural networks (NN) â were used to analyze the HPWâs cutting capability (CC). In both cases, the best CC was predicted for grinding with CBN30 (B76 and B151) 100 OVK27-ÐF40 and LKV50 (B107) 100 OVK27-KF40. In the absence of a training process in FL modeling, the assessments for the wheels with a low CC were less reliable.

Evaluation-Function-based Model-free Adaptive Fuzzy Control Naba, Agus
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 48, No 6 (2016)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Designs of adaptive fuzzy controllers (AFC) are commonly based on the Lyapunov approach, which requires a known model of the controlled plant. They need to consider a Lyapunov function candidate as an evaluation function to be minimized. In this study these drawbacks were handled by designing a model-free adaptive fuzzy controller (MFAFC) using an approximate evaluation function defined in terms of the current state, the next state, and the control action. MFAFC considers the approximate evaluation function as an evaluative control performance measure similar to the state-action value function in reinforcement learning. The simulation results of applying MFAFC to the inverted pendulum benchmark veriï¬ed the proposed schemeâs efficacy.

Probabilistic Modeling of Seismic Risk Based Design for a Dual System Structure Sidi, Indra Djati
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 49, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

The dual system structure concept has gained popularity in the construction of high-rise buildings over the last decades. Meanwhile, earthquake engineering design provisions for buildings have moved from the uniform hazard concept to the uniform risk concept upon recognizing the uncertainties involved in the earthquake resistance of concrete structures. In this study, a probabilistic model for the evaluation of such risk is proposed for a dual system structure consisting of shear walls or core walls and a moment frame structure as earthquake resistant structure. Uncertainties in the earthquake resistance of the dual system structure due to record-to-record variability, limited amount of data, material variability and structure modeling are included in the formulation by means of the first-order second-moment method. The statistics of resistance against earthquake forces are estimated by making use of incremental nonlinear time history analysis using 10 recorded earthquake histories. Then, adopting the total probability theorem, the reliability of the structure is evaluated through a risk integral scheme by combining the earthquake resistance of the structure with the annual probability of exceedance for a given location where the building is being constructed.

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