Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences welcomes full research articles in the area of Engineering Sciences from the following subject areas: Aerospace Engineering, Biotechnology, Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Engineering Physics, Environmental Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Information Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Material Science and Engineering, Manufacturing Processes, Microelectronics, Mining Engineering, Petroleum Engineering, and other application of physical, biological, chemical and mathematical sciences in engineering. Authors are invited to submit articles that have not been published previously and are not under consideration elsewhere.
Starting from Vol. 35, No. 1, 2003, full articles published are available online at http://journal.itb.ac.id, and indexed by Scopus, Index Copernicus, Google Scholar, DOAJ, GetCITED, NewJour, Open J-Gate, The Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek EZB by University Library of Regensburg, EBSCO Open Science Directory, Ei Compendex, Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) and Zurich Open Repository and Archive Journal Database.
Publication History
Formerly known as:
ITB Journal of Engineering Science (2007 – 2012)
Proceedings ITB on Engineering Science (2003 - 2007)
Proceedings ITB (1961 - 2002)
Articles
1,267 Documents
Algorithms of Clustering and Classifying Batik Images Based on Color, Contrast and Motif
Moertini, Veronica S.;
Sitohang, Benhard
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 37, No 2 (2005)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB
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DOI: 10.5614/itbj.eng.sci.2005.37.2.5
An interactive system could be provided for batik customers with the aim of helping them in selecting the right batiks. The system should manage a collection of batik images along with other information such as fashion color type, the contrast degree, and motif. This research aims to find methods of clustering and classifying batik images based on fashion color, contrast and motif. A color clustering algorithm using HSV color system is proposed. Two algorithms for contrast clustering, both utilize wavelet, are proposed. Six algorithms for clustering and classifying batik images based on group of motifs, employing shape- and texture-based techniques, are explored and proposed. Wavelet is used in image pre-processing, Canny detector is used to detect image edges. Experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of the algorithms. The result of experiments shows that fashion color and contrast clustering algorithms perform quite well. Three of motif based clustering and classification algorithms perform fairly well, further work is needed to increase the accuracy and to refine the classification into detailed motif.
Comparative Study on Solar Collectorâs Configuration for an Ejector-Refrigeration Cycle
Senjaya, Raffles;
Astina, I Made
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 40, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB
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DOI: 10.5614/itbj.eng.sci.2008.40.1.4
Solar collectorâs configuration plays important role on solar-powered refrigeration systems to work as heat source for generator . Three types of solar collector consisting of flat plate, evacuated tube, and compound parabolic solar collectors are compared to investigate their performances. The performances consist of the behavior of heat which can be absorbed by the collectors, heat loss from the collectors and outlet temperature of working fluid at several slopes of the solar collectors. The new accurate analysis method of heat transfer is conducted to predict the performance of the solar collectors. The analysis is based on several assumptions, i.e. sky condition at Bandung is clear and not raining from 08.00 until 17.00 and thermal resistance at cover and absorber plate is negligible. The numerical calculation results confirm that performance of the evacuated tubes solar collector at the same operating conditions is higher than the others. For the case of an evacuated-tubes solar collector system with aperture area of 3.5 m2, the maximum heat which can be absorbed is 3992 W for the highest solar intensity of 970 W/m2 at 12.00 with horizontal position of the solar collector. At this condition, the highest outlet temperature of water is 347.15 K with mass flow rate 0.02 kg/s and inlet temperature 298 K.
The Effects of Cr and Mo on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of As-Cast TiAl Alloys
Usman, Husni;
Noor, Ahmad Fauzi Mohd.;
Astrawinata, Rizal
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 45, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB
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DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2013.45.3.6
The effect of the alloying elements of Cr and Mo on the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast TiAl alloys produced by a locally made arc-melting furnace was studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to identify the phases present in the samples. The microstructure of the TiAl samples was characterized using scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Compression tests were carried out at room temperature using an Instron servohydraulic testing machine. The results show that the Ti-48Al alloy exhibited a duplex microstructure, whereas with the addition of Cr a nearly lamellar microstructure was observed in Ti-48Al-2Cr and with the addition of both Cr and Mo also in Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Mo. The hardness values increased slightly as compared to the Ti-48Al alloy with the addition of the alloying elements. The presence of Cr in Ti-48Al-2Cr resulted in a slight increase in compressive fracture strain. The as-cast Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Mo alloy produced a higher yield strength and fracture strain in compression as compared to the other as-cast TiAl alloys. On the fracture surfaces of the as-cast TiAl alloys, mixed brittle transgranular and interlamellar fracture modes were predominantly observed.
An Experimental Investigation of Passive Variable-Pitch Vertical-Axis Ocean Current Turbine
Hantoro, Ridho;
Utama, I.K.A.P;
Erwandi, Erwandi;
Sulisetyono, Aries
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 43, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB
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DOI: 10.5614/itbj.eng.sci.2011.43.1.3
Vertical-axis hydrokinetic turbines with fixed pitch blades typically suffer from poor starting torque, low efficiency and shaking due to large fluctuations in both radial and tangential force with azimuth angle. Maximizing the turbine power output can be achieved only if the mechanism of generation of the hydrodynamic force on the blades is clearly identified and tools to design high-performance rotors are developed.This paper describes an initial experimental investigation to understand more of the performance on vertical-axis turbine related to the effect of fixed-pitch and passive variable-pitch application using airfoil NACA 0018. Comparative analysis according to aspects of rotation and tip speed ratios was discussed. Information regarding the changes of foil position in passive variable-pitch during rotation at a limited range of flow velocity variations test was obtained and analyzed.Â
Adjustment of Daily Activities: the Influence of Smartphone Adoption on the Travel Pattern of Mobile Professionals in the Greater Jakarta Area
Christin, Gloriani Novita;
Tamin, Ofyar Z.;
Santosa, Idwan;
Miharja, Miming
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 46, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB
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DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2014.46.4.4
The swift augmentation in the adoption of smartphones, the gadget that resulted from the convergence of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), potentially transforms peoples life in myriad dimensions. One potential change induced by smartphones, is how people restructure their daily agenda and consecutively influence their travel pattern. To understand it, this study theoretically reviews mobile professional work, smartphone adoption, and how people conduct their mobile interaction, planning and execution of daily activities. Mobile professionals, the cohort of professionals that spend more than 20% of their total working time moving around out of their work environment; they are important beneficiaries of smartphones and  have been chosen as the target of this study. Empirical results of mobile professionals´ experiences in the Greater Jakarta Area are presented at this juncture. Furthermore, their adjustment of activities as a dynamic response to receiving extensive information via smartphones is also analysed. The results indicate that there is a strong adjustment of daily activities by mobile professionals. Through those changes, the transformation of daily travel patterns related to the activity is also brought about by the use of this high-end ICT contrivance.
A New Obstacle Avoidance Method for Service Robots in Indoor Environments
Budiharto, Widodo;
Santoso, Ari;
Purwanto, Djoko;
Jazidie, Achmad
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 44, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB
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DOI: 10.5614/itbj.eng.sci.2012.44.2.4
The objective of this paper is to propose an obstacle avoidance method for service robots in indoor environments using vision and ultrasonic sensors. For this research, the service robot was programmed to deliver a drinking cup from a specified starting point to the recognized customer. We have developed three main modules: one for face recognition, one for obstacle detection, and one for avoidance maneuvering. The obstacle avoidance system is based on an edg edetection method using information from the landmark and planned-path generation. Speed, direction and distance of the moving obstacle are measured using vision and distance sensors in order for the robot to make an avoidance maneuver. Algorithms for obstacle avoidance are proposed and a new geometric model is introduced for making good avoidance maneuvers. The main aim of this research is to provide a complete mechanism for obstacle avoidance by vision based service robots, where common obstacle avoidance methods, such as PVM, do not provide such a feature. We present the results of an experiment with a service robot in which the proposed method was implemented, after which its performance is evaluated.
Influence of Constraining Barrier on the 5th Lumbar and 1st Sacral joint Compressive Force during Manual Lifting
Budihardjo, I.;
Derrick, T. R.
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 36, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB
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DOI: 10.5614/10.5614/itbj.eng.sci.2004.36.2.6
The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanical stresses on the lower back as the response of different heights of constraining barrier. Ten male subjects lifted a load from the floor to the knuckle height under the non-constrained and the constrained conditions with 4 different heights of constraining barrier (80%, 100%, 120% and 140% of knee height). The constrained condition was defined as the condition where a load was placed on the floor behind a certain level of bar. When lifting of the constrained conditions, subjects significantly increased the peak compressive forces at L5/S1 compared to the non-constrained (3868.8 ± 527.5 N, 4175.0 ± 486.0 N, 4162.4 ± 462.3 N, 4136.0 ± 553.1 N, 4079.4 ± 468.9 N for 0%, 80%, 100%, 120% and 140% barrier height conditions respectively). The subjects moved the load further from L5/S1 in the horizontal direction when lifting during the constrained conditions. While lifting during the constrained conditions subjects generated an increase in the sacral angle and a decrease of the knee flexion. The peak compressive forces at L5/S1 showed a statistically significant quadratic trend. However, the magnitude of the difference of peak compressive forces during the constrained conditions was small.
Laboratory Experiments on Enhanced Oil Recovery with Nitrogen Injection
Siregar, S;
Hidayaturobbi, A. D.;
Wijaya, B. A.;
Listiani, S N;
Adiningrum, T;
Irwan, Irwan;
Pratomo, A I
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 39, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB
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DOI: 10.5614/itbj.eng.sci.2007.39.1.2
Based on previous studies, nitrogen injection could recover oil up to 45-90% of initial reserves. Although this method has a very good ability to produce oil, sometimes the operation pressure is higher than leak off formation pressure. In this study, operation pressure used a low pressure to solve this problem under immiscible process. Objective of this study is to determine the effect of injection pressure and displacement rate on oil recovery performance of continuous one dimensional nitrogen gas injection with a slim tube apparatus. The effect of nitrogen gas-oil contact on the gas composition was investigated using Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer apparatus. In the experiments, nitrogen gas was injected into an oil sample of 38.5 oAPI gravity at various rates: 20 cc/hr, 30 cc/hr and 36.66/hr under 1500 psi pressure, and then at 20 cc/hr undr 2500 psi pressure. The results showed that an increase in injection rate increased oil recovery factor. The recovery factor lies between 40-54% of original oil in place. Gas analysis before injection and at the injection outlet showed a change of composition. when oil was contacted by nitrogen, indicating that some molecular mass transfer had taken place.
CH4 Emission Model from Bos Primigenius Waste in Fish-Water: Implications for Integrated Livestock-Fish Farming Systems
Okeniyi, Joshua O.;
Ogunsanwo, Adedamola O.;
Odiase, Nosadeba W.;
Obiajulu, Uchechukwu E.;
Okeniyi, Elizabeth T.
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 45, No 2 (2013)
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DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2013.45.2.4
This paper studies a methane (CH4) emission model from the waste of cattle (B. primigenius) based on trends in integrated livestock-fish farming adoption by farmers in Nigeria. Dung of B. primigenius was employed as substrate in fish-water, obtained from a fish-rearing farm, as a matrix medium for simulating a low-oxygen wastewater environment of an agriculture-aquaculture system. A substrate to fish-water mass ratio of 1:3 was used, developed in a laboratory-size digesting reactor system. Volumetric readings, at ambient temperature conditions and with a retention time of thirty-two days, were then subjected to the logistic probability density function, and tested against correlation coefficient and Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency criteria. The readings show that a volume of CH4-containing gas as high as 65.3Â x 10â3 dm3 was produced on the 13th day from the B. primigenius substrate. Also, production of 234.59Â x 10â3 dm3/kg CH4-containing gas, totaling 703.76Â x 10â3 dm3, was observed through the studied retention time. The 60% CH4 constituent model of the measured gas generation showed a potency of 2.0664 kg emission per animal, which is equivalent to 43.3944 CO2eq of global warming potential (GWP) annually per animal. This bears environmental and climate change implications, and therefore alternative sustainable practices for integrated livestock-fish farming adoption are suggested.
Tolerance Stack Analysis in Francis Turbine Design
Djodikusumo, Indra;
Suherman, Koko;
Oken, Paskalis Bowo A.
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 42, No 1 (2010)
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DOI: 10.5614/itbj.eng.sci.2010.42.1.6
The tolerance stacking problem arises in the context of assemblies from interchangeable parts because of the inability to produce or to join parts exactly according to nominal dimensions. Either the relevant partâs dimension varies around some nominal values from part to part or the act of assembly that leads to variation. For example, as runner of Francis turbine is joined with turbine shaft via mechanical lock, there is not only variation in the diameter of runner and the concentricity between the runner hole and turbine shaft, but also the variation in concentricity between the outer parts of runner to runner hole. Thus, there is the possibility that the assembly of such interacting parts wonât function or wonât come together as planned.  Research in this area has been conducted and 2 mini hydro Francis turbines (800 kW and 910 kW) have been designed and manufactured for San Sarino and Sawi Dago 2 in Central Sulawesi. Experiences in analyzing the tolerance stacks have been documented. In this paper it will be demonstrated how the requirements of assembling performance are derived to be the designed   tolerances of each interacting component, such a way that the assembling would be functioning and come together as planned.