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Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi

JBE
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Published by Universitas Airlangga

ISSN : 23017171 EISSN : 2541092X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Immunology & microbiology Public Health

The scope of JBE are Epidemiology of Communicable Disease, Epidemiology of Non-communicable Disease, Tropical Disease, Epidemiology Surveillance, Management Outbreak, Epidemiology of Preventable Disease, and Epidemiology of Cancer.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 489 Documents

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Differences Characteristics Patients Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 with and without Coronary Heart Disease Nindara Citra Aquarista
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 5 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Diabetes mellitus is the 3rd highest Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) which causes death in Indonesia. The biggest cause of mortality and morbidity in type 2 diabetes mellitus is coronary heart disease. The incidence of coronary heart disease in diabetes mellitus is relatively high, 65% of people with diabetes mellitus die from coronary heart disease and stroke. This study aims to analyze differences in characteristics in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 with and without coronary heart disease in the Haji Public Hospital (RSU Haji) in 2016. This study is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional study design. The subject of the study was the incidence of diabetes mellitus type 2 with and without coronary heart disease who underwent treatment in the outpatient installation of RSU Haji Surabaya in 2016. Samples were taken using the fixed-disease sampling method. The sample size was 42 people. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. The results showed that smoking behavior (p = 0.00; PR = 7.85; 95% CI = 2.09–29.50) and hypertension (p = 0.002; PR = 3.51; 95% CI = 1, 42–8,67) has a significant difference in the incidence of diabetes mellitus type 2 with and without coronary heart disease. It was concluded that smoking behavior and hypertension can lead to complications of coronary heart disease in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 at RSU Haji Surabaya in 2016. Awareness is needed to conduct routine blood pressure checks and eliminate smoking as prevention of complications of coronary heart disease in people with diabetes mellitus type 2.

Waist Circumference as The Strongest Factor Related to Blood Glucose Level Nenni Septyaningrum; Santi Martini
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Increased prevalence of overweight and obesity is associated with an increased incidence of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Abdominal obesity is an important risk factor for the onset of DM. This study aims to determine the relationship between body mass index, abdominal circumference, and the ratio of hip waist circumference with blood sugar levels. The study design was cross-sectional. The study population was members of Integrated Health Posts for the elderly (Posyandu lansia) aged 45 to 70 years in the working area of the Public health center (PHC) of Menur registered in the Posyandu activities in May 2013. The number of respondents was 60 respondents taken using the simple random sampling method. The variables studied were respondent characteristics, body mass index, abdominal circumference, hip waist circumference ratio, and fasting blood sugar levels. The results showed that respondents were overweight (38%), obesity (33.3%), abdominal obesity based on abdominal circumference (77.8%), abdominal obesity based on the hip waist circumference ratio (81.7%), and blood sugar levels of125 mg/dl (8.3%). Pearson correlation test shows that body mass index has a relationship with blood sugar levels (p = 0.007; r = 0.345), abdominal circumference has a relationship with blood sugar levels (p = 0.001; r = 0.424,) and hip waist circumference ratio is related to blood sugar levels (p = 0.002;r = 0.392). The abdominal circumference has the strongest relationship with blood sugar levels. Abdominal circumference measurements should be used in elderly Posyandu activities to detect individuals at high risk of diabetes.

Related Factors With The Implementation Of Tetanus Diphtheria Immunization in Pregnant Women Diah Triratnasari
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 5 No. 3 (2017): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

The maternal and neonatal tetanus elimination program is a program that aims to evenly improve the health of mothers and children to be free from tetanus by carrying out Tetanus-Diphtheria immunization during pregnancy. In 2016, only 585 of 1073 pregnant women in the area of Public Health Centers (PHC) of Burneh Sub-District in Bangkalan District were recorded as having Tetanus-Diphtheria immunization. This study aims to analyze the factors associated with the participation of pregnant women in implementing Tetanus-Diphtheria immunization in the work area of the PHC of Burneh Sub-District in 2016. This research is a analytic study with a cross-sectional design. This research was conducted in 12 villages included in the working area of the PHC of Burneh Sub-District in 2016. The number of informants obtained was 93 people. Primary data collection techniques using interview techniques with questionnaire guidelines, while secondary data using literature studies and archive data on Tetanus-Diphtheria immunization in the PHC and the Bangkalan District Health Office. Data analysis using the chi-square test. The results of this study indicate that the majority of respondents aged 20 to 30 years, with the number of children owned by respondents mostly numbered one and the level of knowledge that is in the category of less about tetanus and Tetanus-Diphtheria immunization. There is a relationship between age (p = 0,000), level of education (p = 0,000), level of knowledge (p = 0.035), husband's support (p = 0.001), and the attitude of officers (0.001) with the implementation of tetanus immunization in the work area of PHC of Burneh Sub-District 2016. The research suggestion is the role of health workers and family is an important factor to encourage respondents to have the awareness to carry out Tetanus-Diphtheria immunization during pregnancy.

Factors that Affect Mother to the Children (2-36 month) Exclusion in Sub PIN Diphtheria Nicholas Fransida Swardana; Chatarina Umbul Wahjuni
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 2 No. 2 (2014): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Sub National Immunization Week (Sub-PIN) Diphtheria is an additional immunization activity simultaneously in 19 regencies/ cities as an attempt to cope with outbreak of diphtheria in East Java. Sub PIN Diphtheria coverage result in 2012 in the Sukolilo Village, Surabaya in children(2–36 months) did not fulfill the target. This study was conducted to analyze the factors that affect mother to the children(2–36 months) exclusion in Sub PIN Diphtheria in the Sukolilo Village, Surabaya 2013, include: maternal age, maternal education level, maternal employment, number of children, mother’s level of knowledge, maternal attitudes, husband support, community support, and exposure information. This study conducted with observational analytic approach and case control design. Large sample of 90 mothers drawn by simple random sampling. Statistical analysis is used multiple logistic regression with < 0.05. The results showed that the variables that affect the exclusion of mothers to immunize children(2–36 months) in Sub PIN Diphtheria sequentially are less maternal attitude (p = 0.000), maternal less knowledge (p = 0.005), the husband does not support (p = 0.047), and were not informed (p = 0.018). Whereas maternal age, maternal education level, maternal employment, number of children, and the community support has no effect because the p value < 0.05. Therefore it is necessary counseling and motivation to the mother, socialization to the husband, and optimize health promotion media in order to minimize the exclusion Sub PIN Diphtheria future.

Relationship Five Behavioral Indicators and Healthy Living with Tuberculosis Multidrug-Resistant Heri Mulyanto
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Clean and healthy live behavior is closely related to the emergence of infectious diseases, including the continuation of Tuberculosis (TB) to Multidrug Resistance Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). This study is intended to determine the relationship between the 5 indicators of clean and healthy living behavior with MDR-TB in Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang Hospital. The study was conducted using a retrospective analytic design with a case-control study design. Subjects were drawn from the population using simple random sampling with a ratio of 1: 1 between cases and controls, MDR-TB patients in the MDR-TB clinic as many as 27 patients as a case group and patients who had TB treatment for at least 6 months with the results of negative acid-resistant bacteria as much as 27 patients as a control group. The variables in this study are clean and healthy living behavior, demographic variables, and MDR-TB. The results of the study were calculated using the Chi-square test with a confidence level of 95% (α = 0.05) indicating age, sex, education level, and marital status as well as the behavior of preventing additional infections not related to MDR-TB. Nutrient consuming behavior (OR = 0.25; p = 0.014), exercise behavior (physical activity) (OR = 0.16; p = 0.00), behavior using health care facilities (OR = 0.091; p = 0, 01), and the behavior of providing a healthy home environment (OR = 0.28; p = 0.03) are related to the incidence of MDR-TB. There are four variables of clean and healthy living behavior that are associated with MDR-TB so that health service facilities are advised to provide promotion of clean and healthy behavior for TB patients so that they do not continue to become MDR-TB.

The Difference Practice of Condom Usage to Direct and Indirect Woman Sex Worker in Preventing HIV at Sidoarjo Elok Puspita Sari; Arief Hargono
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

“Direct”Woman Sexual Workers (WPS-L) are women who openly peddle sex both on the streets or in localization while “Indirect” Woman Sexual Workers (WPS-TL) are a woman who peddles sex in disguise at certain occupations or have other main occupations and indirectly peddling sex such as massage, bar/karaoke waitress. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the use of WPS-L and WPS-TL condoms in the prevention of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in Sidoarjo. This research is an observational descriptive study. The population consists of an estimated WPS-TL population of 20 people and an estimated WPS-L population of 233 people. Size determines of the sample for hypothesis testing using the Lemeshow formula 1: 2 ratio obtained WPS-TL samples of 20 people with total sampling techniques and WPS-L samples of 42 people with a simple random sampling technique. The variables studied were the characteristics and actions of the two sample groups. The results showed that the percentage of respondents with good condom use was found more in the WPS-L group (73.8%) than in the WPS-TL group (30%). The conclusion of this study is that there are differences in the use of WPS-L and WPS-TL condoms in HIV prevention in Sidoarjo. Suggestions for further researchers can expand the research sample, add other variables, and develop different research methodologies such as quantitative and experimental. For further research can expand the research sample, add other variables and develop research methodologies.

The Risk of Exposure to Cigarette Smoke in Anemia During Pregnancy Riska Nur Safitri; Fariani Syahrul
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 3 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Anemia is defined as the state of hemoglobin (Hb) levels in the blood lower than normal values for groups of people according to age and sex. The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women according to Indonesia basic health research in 2007, 2010, and 2013 tends to increase. One risk factor for anemia is exposure to cigarette smoke. The purpose of this study was to study the comparison of the risk of cigarette smoke exposure to the incidence of anemia in pregnant women. This study uses a case-control design with a case: control ratio of 1: 2. The case sample was anemic pregnant women who examined their pregnancy at the Public health center (PHC) of Mojo Surabaya in 2015 and the control sample was anemic pregnant women. Case and control sampling using a simple random sampling method. Data analysis was performed by calculating the OR value at 95% CI using StatCalc on Epi Info. Independent variables are age, education level, employment status, family income, gestational age, birth spacing, multiple pregnancy history, parity, history of Antenatal Care (ANC), Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC), regular iron tablet (Fe) consumption. The results showed the risk of cigarette smoke exposure to the incidence of anemia in pregnant women OR = 4.09 (1.07 <OR <16.26), starting in the first trimester OR = 5.43 (1.12 <OR <34.41), number of active smokers 1-2 people OR = 5.54 (1.20 <OR <34.28), duration of exposure ≤ 15 minutes / day OR = 6.33 (1.28 <OR <40.53). The conclusion of this study is that exposure to cigarette smoke increases the risk of anemia in pregnant women. Pregnant women are advised to avoid cigarette smoke during pregnancy.

The Relationship between Knowledge, Sickness Period, and Intraocular Pressure to the Quality of Life of Glaucoma Patient Efifta Pratama Ananda
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 4 No. 2 (2016): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Based on data from Indonesia basic health research (Riskesdas) in 2008, the national prevalence of glaucoma was 0.5%. Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness after cataracts that are permanent or irreversible so that glaucoma patients must take continuous treatment. This research was conducted to determine the relationship between knowledge, duration of illness, and intraocular pressure on the quality of life of glaucoma patients. This research was an observational analytic study using a cross-sectional design study. The sample in this study were patients with primary glaucoma and secondary glaucoma who were treated at Mata Undaan Hospital Surabaya, which were selected using a systematic random sampling of 68 people. Data collection was carried out by interviewing glaucoma patients and based on medical records. Data processing using Chi-Square test analysis. The results showed that there was a relationship between knowledge (p = 0.033) and duration of illness (p = 0.035), whereas intraocular pressure was not related (p = 0.317) with the quality of life of glaucoma patients at Mata Undaan Hospital in Surabaya. The conclusion of this study is that knowledge and duration of illness are related to the quality of life of glaucoma patients, whereas intraocular pressure is not related to the quality of life of glaucoma patients. The advice that can be given is to increase knowledge of glaucoma patients, one of them is by taking regular medication to improve the quality of life.

The Relationship Between PSN Behavior with Existence Larvae of Aedes aegypti In Port of Pulang Pisau Nani Nani
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 5 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

The existence of Aedes aegypti larvae is an indicator of the presence of Aedes aegypti mosquito populations in the region. The most effective effort to eradicate larvae is carrying out activities to Mosquito Source Reduction (PSN). This study aims to analyze the relationship of knowledge, attitudes, and actions of PSN with the existence of Aedes aegypti. This research was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional study design with a sample size of 80 respondents selected by simple random sampling. This research was conducted at Pulang Pisau Port, class III Port Health Office, Palangkaraya in September-December 2016. The independent variables studied were PSN knowledge, attitudes, and actions, while the dependent variable was the existence of Aedes aegypti larvae. Data collection using interview techniques and observation sheets of the existence of Aedes aegypti larvae. Data analysis using the chi-square test. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant relationship between knowledge (p = 0.004; PR = 1.76; 95% CI = 1.19–2.59), attitude (p = 0.024; PR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.08–2.24) and PSN actions (p = 0,000; PR = 3.89; 95% CI = 2.01–7.52) with the presence of Aedes aegypti larva. The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between the knowledge, attitudes, and actions of PSN with the existence of Aedes aegypti larvae in the Pulang Pisau Port working area.

Description of Hand Hygiene’s Compliance on Nurse of Hemodialysis at Haji Hospital Surabaya Rr Rizqi Saphira Nurani; Atik Choirul Hidajah
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 5 No. 2 (2017): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Thousands of patients around the world die every day due to infection when getting health care. This is due to the transmission of pathogenic micro bacteria from the hands of health workers during receiving health care. Hand hygiene is the most important aspect to prevent the transmission of pathogenic micro bacteria and prevent Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs). Awareness of hand hygiene in health workers is a fundamental behavior in efforts to prevent cross-infection. The purpose of this study was to conduct an evaluation of compliance with hand hygiene at the Hemodialysis Unit nurses at the Haji Public Hospital, Surabaya. This type of research is a descriptive study and observation using a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in this study were interviews with nurses of the Hemodialysis Unit, and hand hygiene audits. The research instrument used a hand hygiene knowledge questionnaire, Blood Stream Infection (BSI) knowledge questionnaire, and a hand hygiene audit form prepared by WHO. The population in this study were all nurses in the Hemodialysis Unit of the Haji Public Hospital, Surabaya, amounting to 11 people. The results of this study found that the compliance of the hand hygiene nurses of the Hemodialysis Unit was 35%. The compliance rate is still lacking and does not meet the standards set by the Infection Control and Prevention Program (IPC) of the Haji Public Hospital, Surabaya which is 100% and still does not meet the WHO compliance standard of 40%. The low hand hygiene compliance rate is caused by the low participation of basic PPI training and the lack of availability of hand hygiene facilities in the Hemodialysis Unit of the Haji Public Hospital, Surabaya. Suggestions from this research are to do on the job training on how to do proper hand hygiene and improve hand hygiene facilities in the Hemodialysis Unit.

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