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INDONESIA
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 23017171     EISSN : 2541092X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Immunology & microbiology Public Health
The scope of JBE are Epidemiology of Communicable Disease, Epidemiology of Non-communicable Disease, Tropical Disease, Epidemiology Surveillance, Management Outbreak, Epidemiology of Preventable Disease, and Epidemiology of Cancer.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 489 Documents
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THE RELATIONSHIP OF BASIC CLINICAL STATUS WITH THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF HIV AND AIDS PATIENTS Lilis Masyfufah; Erwin Astha Triyono
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 8 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V8I32020.246-255

Abstract

Background: The success of individual antiretroviral drug (ARV) treatment in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was determined by conducting a routine evaluation of the patients’ Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4) count. The indicators used to measure the success of the HIV and AIDS treatment were mortality, mobility, and quality of life (QoL). Purpose: The purpose of this research was to analyze the relationship between clinical status (smoking status, duration of ARV therapy, the CD4 count, and body mass index [BMI]) and the QoL of patients with HIV and AIDS who were stable during treatment. Methods: This type of research was quantitative analytical research with a cross-sectional design. This research was conducted at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, from September to November 2017. The study population was patients with HIV and AIDS in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. The research sample was taken by purposive sampling with the inclusion criteria being patients with HIV and AIDS who had been treated for ≥6 months with adherence ≥95% and who came directly to the hospital. Results: The majority of respondents were female (53.36%), junior/senior high school graduates (66.67%), married (62.22%), non-smoking (75.56%), had undergone ARV therapy for ±10 years (77.78%), and had a QoL in the adequate category (62.22%). The basic clinical status with a significant relationship with the respondents’ QoL were the CD4 count (p = 0.00) and BMI (p = 0.00). Conclusion: There was a relationship of the CD4 count and BMI with the QoL of the patients with HIV and AIDS.
Covid-19 Vaccination Options for Immunosuppressed Cancer Patients I Dewa Agung Panji Dwipayana; I Dewa Ayu Agung Diah Sutarini
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V9I12021.1-9

Abstract

Background: Currently, many COVID-19 vaccine candidates are being developed to end the pandemic; however, immunosuppressed cancer patients have been excluded from the participating criteria. It is important that they are able to examine their options for achieving immunity against COVID-19. Purpose: This review aims to discuss the available options that can be taken to vaccinate immunosuppressed cancer patients when no vaccine is being developed for their safety. Method: A literature study was conducted using Google Scholar, DOAJ, and GARUDA Library on November 2, 2020, focusing on articles examining vaccination guidelines for immunosuppressed cancer patients. Results: The search found 200 articles, which were curated to obtain 13 articles that satisfied all inclusion criteria. These consist of four guidelines, five reviews, and four research articles. Based on the literature, immunosuppressed cancer patients have the option to use the vaccines currently under development, with precautions set for live attenuated and potentially infectious vaccines. Vaccination timing also needs to be adjusted so as to fall at a certain time before or after the immunosuppressive condition. Moreover, a more complete COVID-19 immunity can be achieved through a synergy between individual vaccination and the construction of herd immunity. Conclusion: Most of the vaccines currently under development may be safe for cancer patients, being mindful of several considerations. Here, herd immunity can serve as a complement to individual immunity.
Characteristics and Opportunistic Infections of AIDS Patients in East Java Province in 2018 Gracia Satyawestri Pribadi; A.B. Firman Cahyono
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V9I12021.96-104

Abstract

Background: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a health problem in East Java. Opportunistic infections are one of the causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS in Indonesia. Purpose: This study aimed to describe the characteristics and opportunistic infections of AIDS patients in East Java Province, 2018. Methods: This study was conducted as observational descriptive research, and a survey was used as the research design. The research location was in East Java Provincial Health Office, and the study was carried out in August 2019. We used secondary data taken from the results of surveillance of AIDS patients in 2018. The sampling method of the study was total sampling, with 1,138 AIDS patients. The variables studied included the patients’ characteristics (sex, age, type of work, and risk factors) as well as the number and types of opportunistic infections. Results: The majority of the AIDS patients in East Java in this sample were male (70.74%), belonged to the adults (26–45 years old) group (62.65%), and worked as employees/laborers (46.08%). In terms of sexual orientation, the majority were heterosexuals (81.81%) or homosexuals (10.63%). The majority of patients experienced one type of opportunistic infection (46.08%), with histoplasmosis (48.77%) and tuberculosis (TB) (42.62%) as the most frequently experienced opportunistic infections. Conclusion: Characteristics that are risk factors for contracting AIDS in East Java include being male, being of adult age, working as an employee/laborer, and being heterosexual. There are also risks of opportunistic infections, particularly histoplasmosis and TB.
PERSONAL HYGIENE AND ANTHELMINTIC CONSUMPTION IN PREVENTION OF ENTEROBIASIS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN Ratna Muliawati; Mushidah Mushidah; Siti Musyarofah
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 8 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V8I32020.265-274

Abstract

Background: Pinworm infection remains a global public health problem in Indonesia, with the highest prevalence in primary school–aged children. The government has made helminthiasis control efforts through annual deworming every six months, yet data on the enterobiasis prevalence and its risk factors are still limited. Purpose: This research aimed to determine the role of personal hygiene and anthelmintic or worm medicine consumption in the prevention of enterobiasis among primary school children. Methods: This research employed an analytic observational method with a cross-sectional design. The population used was primary school children in the Public Health Center (PHC) of Kaliwungu area, Kendal District, Central Java Province. The research sample was 150 students from first grade to third grade at 1 Primary Elementary School 1 Kutoharjo. The data sources were obtained from interviews of risk factors and perianal swab examinations. The data were analyzed by a chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of pinworm infection among primary school children remains high (37.33%). The results of the multivariate analysis showed that there are three determinant variables of pinworm infections: not washing hands with soap before eating (p < 0.01; Prevalence Odds Ratio (POR) = 6.47; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 2.87 < POR < 14.59); not washing hands with soap after defecation (p = 0.01; POR = 3.36; 95% CI = 1.40 < POR < 8.05); and not consuming anthelmintic drugs within the past six months (p = 0.03; POR = 2.43; 95% CI = 1.08 < POR < 5.50). Conclusion: Hand washing habits and annual deworming are important factors to prevent pinworm infections.
Factors Associated with Independence for Elderly People in Their Activities of Daily Living Sri Wahyuni; Christantie Effendy; Fitrina Mahardani Kusumaningrum; Fatwa Sari Tetra Dewi
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V9I12021.44-53

Abstract

Background: Health in the elderly does not merely refer to a condition free from disease but should also have elements regarding functionality and independence. Purpose: This study aimed to measure Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and to identify the factors affecting ADLs among the elderly population in Sleman District. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using secondary data from the Multidimensional Elderly Care project, nested on the Health Demographic and Surveillance System in Sleman, involving 549 elderly participants. The independence of these elderly people was measured using an Activities of Daily Living Scale questionnaire. Factors measured were cognitive (using the Mini-Mental State Examination questionnaire), psychological (using the Geriatric Depression Scale or Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia questionnaires), economic (using the Financial Management Behavior Scale questionnaire), and nutritional status (using the Mini Nutritional Assessment questionnaire). The data were analyzed using the chi-square test, Fisher test, and Poisson test for bivariate analysis, while multivariate analysis using a logistic regression test. Results: The prevalence of elderly dependence was 14.03%. Elderly dependence was significantly related to age, job, residence, financial management, dementia, depression, malnutrition, and stroke disease in the bivariate analysis. However, after multivariate analysis, only age (>86 years) (PR = 4.31; 95% CI = 1.91–9.72), malnutrition (PR = 6.62; 95% CI = 3.79–11.57), and stroke (PR = 3.06; 95% CI = 2.03–4.61) were still shown to be related to elderly dependence. Conclusion: Increasing age, malnutrition, and stroke in elderly people lead to higher dependency in their ADLs.
PROFILE OF DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS PATIENTS AT REGIONAL PUBLIC HOSPITAL DR. SOETOMO IN 2017 Desak Gde Ushadi Bulan Dewata; Hermina Novida; Aryati Aryati
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 8 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V8I32020.301-309

Abstract

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of many life-threatening complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), which is characterized by severe hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis and ketonemia. This complication can eventually lead to coma and death if not treated properly. Purpose: The aim of this study is to describe the profile of the DKA patients who were at Regional Public Hospital (RSUD) Dr. Soetomo in 2017. Methods: This study was a descriptive study that used the medical record data of DKA patients who were at RSUD Dr. Soetomo in 2017. The study’s total sample size was 63 patients. The study’s variables were gender, age, type of DM, severity of DKA, precipitating factors, main complaints, vital signs, random plasma glucose level, electrolyte level, and blood gas analysis. The frequency, mean, and standard deviation were analyzed. Results: Most of the 63 DKA patients were female (66.67%), aged from 50–59 years (38.10%). The DKA cases being handled by the Dr. Soetomo Hospital were overwhelmingly of type 2 DM patients (88.89%). More than half the patients (58.73%) experienced severe DKA. Altered states of consciousness (46.03%) and shortness of breath (26.98%) were the most common main complains made by the DKA patients. Almost all patients experienced infection (88.89%) as the precipitating factor; the most common infections were sepsis (92.86%), pneumonia (30.36%), and urinary tract infections (23.21%). Two thirds of the patients (66.67%) had a length of stay of 0–7 days. About 57.14% of the DKA patients died while undergoing treatment. Conclusion: The number of severe DKA patients and the mortality rate in our study were higher than in other studies. Females and the elderly were more prone to DKA, and the most common precipitating factor was infection.
RETROSPECTIVE STUDY: INITIAL PHARMACOTHERAPY PROFILE OF NEW ACNE VULGARIS PATIENTS Esravila Ariya Wibisono; Diah Mira Indramaya; Maftuchah Rochmanti
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 8 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V8I32020.236-245

Abstract

Background: Acne Vulgaris (AV) is one of the most common diseases in the field of dermatology and ranks as the eighth most prevalent disease worldwide. Early management of this potentially deforming skin disease may reduce the pathophysiological burden and improve the quality of life of patients. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the pharmacotherapy for new patients with AV. Methods: This cross-sectional study used new patients with AV of the Cosmetic Division of the Outpatient Skin and Venereal Health Unit, Regional Public Hospital (RSUD) Dr. Soetomo, from January to December 2013 that were descriptively presented. The variable was the pharmacotherapy given. This study used secondary data collection by looking at the patients’ medical records. The variables studied were acne lesions and pharmacotherapy regimens, including the administration route and the medicine used. Results: The number of samples that met the inclusion criteria was 951 patients. Comedonal acne was most commonly given topical tretinoin. Papulopustular acne was most commonly given a topical combination of clindamycin and tretinoin, while acne conglobata was most commonly given a combination of topical clindamycin and tretinoin with oral doxycycline. Conclusion: The new patients with comedonal acne were mostly prescribed topical tretinoin pharmacotherapy. A pharmacotherapy combination of topical clindamycin and tretinoin was given to most new patients with papulopustular acne, whereas new patients with conglobata acne were given a pharmacotherapy combination of topical tretinoin and clindamycin with oral doxycycline.
Analysis of Risk Factors Affecting The Occurrence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Indonesia Nurul Layly Firdausi; Kurnia Dwi Artanti; Chung-Yi Li
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V9I12021.18-25

Abstract

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease caused by the occurrence of airflow limitation in the lungs and also causes 60% of all deaths in Indonesia. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the risk factors that affect the incidence of COPD in Indonesia. Methods: This study was conducted in July–August 2019 in Indonesia as an analytic research study with a cross-sectional design, using data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey-5. The sample consisted of respondents aged >15 years, giving a total of 34,231 respondents. Data analysis was partially carried out using the chi-square test to analyze the relationships between the variables. Results: The majority of respondents were female, were aged <40 years, and had a low level of education. Risk factors for the development of COPD included, among others, an age of >40 years (p = 0.02; PR = 1.20; 95% CI = 1.02–1.41), male gender (p = 0.01; PR = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.07–1.49), smoking (p = 0.01; PR = 1.22 ; 95% CI = 1.03–1.44), first smoking age < 40 years (p = 0.02; PR = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.03–1.44), residence in urban areas (p = 0.01; PR = 1.43; 95% CI = 1.20–1.70), being underweight (p = 0.01; PR = 2.17; 95% CI = 1.76–2.66). Conclusions: The risk factors that affect the incidence of COPD include being aged >40 years, being male, smoking, taking up smoking when aged <40 years, urban residence, and being underweight.
CORRELATION OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AND CIGARETTE SMOKE EXPOSURE WITH PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN UNDER TWO YEARS Denisca Vanya Almeida; Fariani Syahrul
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 8 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V8I32020.228-235

Abstract

Background: Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of death for children and is caused by pneumococcus, staphylococcus, and streptococcus bacteria. Exclusive breastfeeding and exposure to cigarette smoke are risk factors for pneumonia in children less than two years old. Purpose: The aim of this research was to analyze the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding or exposure to cigarette smoke and pneumonia in children aged less than two years at Public Health Center (PHC) of Wates, Kediri District. Methods: This research employed analytic observational research using a case–control research design. The number of research samples used was 60, consisting of 30 case respondents and 30 control respondents. The samples were taken in the PHC of Wates, Kediri District’s working area in July 2019. The determination of the samples was carried out through simple random sampling. The data were analyzed using chi-square analysis. Results: The research variables related to pneumonia in children less than two years old at PHC of Wates, Kediri District were exclusive breastfeeding with Odds Ratio (OR) = 3.50 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.20–10.19), the age of the mothers of the two-year-old infants with OR = 0.19 (95% CI = 0.04–0.78), and the education of the mothers of children less than two years old with OR = 3.14 (95% CI = 1.07–9.27). Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding, maternal age, and mothers’ level of education are some of the risk factors for pneumonia. The suggestion from this research is to hold socialization in the form of pneumonia prevention, education on exclusive breastfeeding for mothers who have children under two years of age, and the dangers of smoking for children's health.
Spatial Analysis of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever based on Influencing Factors in Jombang, 2014–2018 Retno Tri Hastuti; Lucia Yovita Hendrati
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V9I12021.79-87

Abstract

Background: Jombang District is an endemic area of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Purpose: The aim of this study was to spatially analyze various factors simultaneously (multivariate analysis) in relation to the incidence of DHF in Jombang District during the period 2014–2018. The factors studied were population density, larvae free index, rainfall, coverage of healthy homes, and healthy lifestyle coverage. Methods: The research was conducted as an observational study with an ecology research design. The data were secondary data from the Health Office and Statistic Central Bureau of Jombang District. The population consisted of 21 sub-districts in Jombang District in 2014–2018. The sample used the total population. The data analysis tool used in this study was GeoDa regression Moran's I software. Results: The bivariate analysis showed that there was a correlation between larvae free index (p = 0.04), healthy lifestyle coverage (p = 0.02), rainfall intensity (p = 0.20), population density (p = 0.07), and coverage of healthy houses (p = 0.22) with DHF incidence. According to Moran's I for spatial dependence (multivariate analysis), showed that there was a correlation between all the variables and DHF (p = 0.03). Conclusions: The variables of larvae free index and healthy lifestyle coverage related to the Incidence Rate (IR) of DHF cases. There was no correlation between IR and variable population density, rainfall, or coverage of healthy homes. Various spatial factors are simultaneously related to IR, even though only two variables are shown to be related to IR in the bivariate analysis.

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