Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi
The scope of JBE are Epidemiology of Communicable Disease, Epidemiology of Non-communicable Disease, Tropical Disease, Epidemiology Surveillance, Management Outbreak, Epidemiology of Preventable Disease, and Epidemiology of Cancer.
Articles
489 Documents
<![CDATA[Risk Factors of Diabetes Mellitus in Urban Communities in Indonesia (IFLS 5) ]]>
<![CDATA[Armya Zakiah Safitri]]>;
<![CDATA[Risna Nur Fajariyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Erni Astutik]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V9I22021.184-191
<![CDATA[Background: Over the last decades, the number of new diabetic cases and the prevalence of diabetes have tended to increase. The diabetes prevalence rate in Indonesia in 2020 reached 6.20%. Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the variables of age, level of education, smoking status, and Body Mass Index (BMI) and the prevalence of diabetes in the urban areas. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study and used secondary data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS 5) in 2015. The data was analyzed using descriptive analysis and simple logistic regression. The dependent variable in this study was Diabetes Mellitus (DM); the independent variables were age, education level, smoking status, and BMI. Results: In terms of the respondents’ characteristics, individuals were mainly over 35 years of age (130 respondents, 83.87%). The highest level of education was attained by 93 respondents (60.00%). There was a correlation between respondents who were over 35 years of age, with p=0.01; prevalence ratio (PR)=5.60; 95%Cl=3.64–8.62) and the level of education (p=0.01; PR=1.69; 95%Cl=1.22–2.34) with the incidence of diabetes in urban areas in Indonesia. There was no correlation between the smoking status (p=0.55; PR=0.67; 95%Cl=0.01–2.73) and the BMI of respondents with the prevalence of diabetes in urban areas in Indonesia. Conclusion: The age and the level of education were linked to the incidence of diabetes in urban areas in Indonesia.]]>
<![CDATA[A Study on Community Economic Resilience in Response to Earthquakes in Jailolo Sub-District, North Maluku ]]>
<![CDATA[Febriyanti Febriyanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Santi Martini]]>;
<![CDATA[Atik Choirul Hidajah]]>;
<![CDATA[Febi Dwirahmadi]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V9I22021.105-114
<![CDATA[Background: The earthquake that hit the Jailolo sub-district in 2015 caused massive damage and loss. This catastrophic event affected not only impacted the local government's economy but also affected many communities, households and individuals living in these communities. Purpose: Aim of this study is to assess the economic resilience of communities in the Jailolo sub-district in response to earthquakes. Methods: This research was based on a descriptive observational study and employed a survey method to assess the economic resilience of communities in the Jailolo sub-district. The study was conducted in five villages, namely Tedeng, Payo, Saria, Matui, and Buku Maadu. The cut-off point for each indicator was classified as very high criteria (>1.05), high (0.95–1.05), moderate (0.85–0.94), low (0.74–0.84), and very low (≤0.73). Results: The proportion of community home ownership was found to be 100% (Resilience Factor Index (RFI)=1.67). The proportion of community work was 33.75% (RFI=0.68). The proportion of dual-income sources of communities in the Jailolo sub-district was 50.89% (RFI=1.02). The proportion of community income that exceeded the provincial minimum wage (PMW) was 8.71% (RFI=0.10). Based on the results of these indicators, the economic resilience of people in the Jailolo sub-district, which was obtained by considering the average RFI of each indicator, was 0.86. Conclusion: Community economic resilience in the Jailolo sub-district was found to be in the medium category. The highest and lowest resilience factors resulted from home ownership and income, respectively.]]>
<![CDATA[Relationship between Body Mass Index and Gender with Asthma ]]>
<![CDATA[Dewi Puji Ayuningrum]]>;
<![CDATA[Risna Nur Fajariyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Randy Novirsa]]>;
<![CDATA[Erni Astutik]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V9I22021.115-122
<![CDATA[Background: Asthma is ranked 16th among the leading causes of years lived with disability (YLD) and ranks 28th among the causes of global burden of disease (GBD). Various potential factors can cause asthma, which include body mass index (BMI) and gender. Purpose: This research aimed to determine the relationship between BMI and gender in people living with asthma in Indonesia. Methods: This research employed secondary data obtained from the Indonesian family life support (IFLS) 5th edition. This research used an observational analysis technique with a cross-sectional approach. The number of respondents in this research were 30,713. In this study, the BMI category was based on WHO’s classification for Asians. Data was analyzed using logistic regression tests and chi square. Statistical significance was set at a value of p<0.05. Results: As many as 17,175 respondents had a normal BMI range (56.92%), out of which the majority were women—16,001 respondents (52.10%). After controlling the other variables, statistical test results with logistic regression indicated that male respondents had 1.23 times the odds of experiencing asthma compared to females (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=1.23; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04–1.44; p=0.02). Again, after controlling the other variables, underweight respondents had 1.31 times the odds of experiencing asthma compared to respondents who had a normal BMI (AOR=1.31; 95%CI=1.07–1.59; p=0.01). Conclusion: A relationship between gender and the category of people who were underweight after determining their BMI could be established. Health counseling can be provided to help improve the respiratory conditions of these individuals.]]>
<![CDATA[Correlation between Adolescents’ Temperament and Internet Addiction Levels in Junior High School in Surabaya, Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Destasari Tri Hartanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Yunias Setiawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Dominicus Husada]]>;
<![CDATA[Irwanto Irwanto]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V9I22021.192-201
<![CDATA[Background: Internet addiction has become a serious problem in the world, especially for adolescents. Temperament plays an important role in influencing internet addiction in adolescents. Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between students’ characteristics and temperament with their internet addiction levels in one of the junior high schools in Surabaya, Indonesia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, which used primary data that was obtained from students who filled out a questionnaire. The study sample included 114 students in one of the junior high schools in Surabaya. The dependent variable was the internet addiction level; the dependent variables were gender, age, student grade, and temperament. An Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and an Early Adolescents Temperament Questionnaire-Revised (EATQ-R) were the tools used for data collection. Data was collected in November 2019. The sample selection was done through the stratified random sampling technique. The data was subsequently analyzed using the Fisher’s exact and Spearman correlation tests. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between age (p<0.01), student grade (p<0.05), negative affectivity (p<0.01), and surgency (p<0.05) toward internet addiction levels. There was a significant negative correlation observed between effortful control (p<0.05) and internet addiction levels. Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between age, student grade, negative affectivity, surgency, and effortful control and adolescents’ internet addiction levels.]]>
<![CDATA[Determinants of Pneumonia in Toddlers in Jambi City ]]>
<![CDATA[M. Dody Izhar]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V9I22021.157-165
<![CDATA[Background: Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection and the second leading cause of toddler deaths in Indonesia. Nutritional status, immunization status, and humidity in the house constitute risk factors for the incidence and prevalence of pneumonia. Purpose: The objective of this research is to analyze the determinants of nutritional status, immunization status, and air humidity against the incidence of pneumonia in toddlers in Jambi City. Methods: This was an observational study. A case-control design approach was adopted. The research location was the Public Health Center of Talang Bakung in Jambi City, which has the highest prevalence of pneumonia cases. This study was conducted from January 2019 to August 2019. The number of samples in this study was 66 toddlers, with a 1:1 ratio of cases. Data was collected using a multistage random sampling technique. Primary and secondary data obtained was analyzed with a logistic regression test method. Results: The highest proportion of pneumonia cases was observed in toddlers between the ages of 12 and 35 months (75.76%). The proportion of female toddlers was 57.58%, with the number of siblings being ≥1 (93.94%). The proportion of people who completed secondary level maternal education was 60.61%, which was higher than the proportion of people who completed secondary level paternal education (54.55%). The employment status of fathers was 96.97%. Underweight status was associated with pneumonia (AOR=5.81; 95%CI=1.07–31.68). Inadequate air humidity was associated with the incidence of pneumonia (AOR=7.37; 95%CI=1.80–30.13). Conclusion: Nutritional status and air humidity were identified as determinants of pneumonia in toddlers in Jambi city.]]>
<![CDATA[Malaria Situation in The South Kalimantan Province, 2010–2018 ]]>
<![CDATA[M Rasyid Ridha]]>;
<![CDATA[Kasman Kasman]]>;
<![CDATA[Evi Liani]]>;
<![CDATA[Liestiana Indriati]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V9I22021.140-147
<![CDATA[Background: Malaria has caused high morbidity and mortality rates and has decreased the productivity of human resources and national development. Malaria is endemic in several districts in South Kalimantan. Purpose: This study aims to describe the malaria situation in South Kalimantan by examining the malaria cases, Case Fatality Rate (CFR), Annual Parasite Incidence (API), and Slide Parasite Rate (SPR) in the South Kalimantan Province during the period of 2010–2018. Method: This research was a descriptive study with the South Kalimantan population, who were at risk of getting malaria. This study adopted a total participation technique and included all the cases of malaria recorded in the electronic- Surveillance Information System of Malaria (e-SISMAL) data of South Kalimantan province in the period 2010–2018. The study used secondary data from the South Kalimantan Provincial Health Office during 2010–2018. The data included the number of malaria cases, morbidity, and the mortality rate of malaria. The data collected was analyzed using CFR, API, and the SPR formulae. Results: The number of malaria cases in South Kalimantan from 2010 to 2018 fluctuated. The highest number of malaria cases occurred in 2011, while a decreasing trend was observed up to 2018. At the same time, the number of deaths during 2012–2018 increased. The death rate from 2010–2018 decreased in South Kalimantan. Conclusion: The number of cases as well as deaths caused due to malaria in South Kalimantan continues to decrease. By 2025, all districts in South Kalimantan could be free from malaria.]]>
<![CDATA[Associated Risk of Death from Covid-19 Infection in Patients with Hypertensive Co-Morbidities ]]>
<![CDATA[Nina Widyasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Hari Basuki]]>;
<![CDATA[Chatarina Umbul Wahjuni]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V9I22021.130-139
<![CDATA[Background: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has left infected patients with comorbidities in severe and deadly conditions. Hypertension is a non-communicable disease (NCD) and is one of the most common comorbidities observed in COVID-19 patients. Purpose: This study aims to understand the relationship between hypertension and the risk of death through COVID-19. Method: The study employed a systematic review of journals. Journals and articles related to hypertension and COVID-19 were collected and analyzed. The inclusion criteria was COVID-19 articles pertaining to hypertensive patients, and the exclusion criteria was articles that did not use English as well as those that did not display full text. Result: Hypertension is a multifactorial disease. The presence of hypertension is often not realized by the sufferer. A COVID-19 infection can worsen the condition of the person and can cause damage to vital organs. The use of antihypertensive drugs of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and the angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) groups can be continued to be administered to hypertensive patients. There should be no cause for concern for these patients to develop COVID-19 infections by taking these drugs. Conclusion: The risk of developing hypertension is that it can cause organ damage and lead to various complications. The SARS-CoV-2 infection in people with hypertension as a comorbidity, could worsen the condition of the individual until death occurs. Thus, hypertension management is necessary to properly minimize the severity.]]>
<![CDATA[Relationship between Exposure to Cigarette Smoke in Houses and The Incidence of Hypertension in Housewives ]]>
<![CDATA[Anugrah Lintang Indrawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Santi Martini]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V9I22021.175-183
<![CDATA[Background: Hypertension is still a major health problem in the world. One of the factors causing hypertension is exposure to cigarette smoke. Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between cigarette smoke exposure and the incidence of hypertension in housewives in houses in Dampit village. Methods: This research adopted an analytical observational approach. This was a cross-sectional design study. The population for this study was all housewives in Dampit village in March 2020. A total number of 115 housewives was selected using the cluster proportional random sampling technique. The dependent variable was the incidence of hypertension; the independent variables were the duration of cigarette smoke exposure in houses, the number of instances contact was made by being in close proximity to smokers, and the contact duration with smokers. Data collection was done by interviewing respondents using a questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using frequency tables and Epi Info. Results: The study indicated that there was a relationship between the duration of cigarette smoke exposure (over 33 years) in houses with the incidence of hypertension in housewives (p=0.01; OR=3.52; 95%CI=1.53–8.05). Similarly, there was a relationship established between the number of occasions contact was made by being in close proximity to smokers every day (over three times every day) (p=0.01; OR=36; 95%CI=7.64–168.76) and the contact duration with smokers (p=0.01; OR=8.09; 95%CI=3.13–20.87) with the incidence of hypertension in housewives. Conclusion: There was a link between the duration of cigarette smoke exposure in houses, the number of instances of being in close proximity to smokers every day, and the contact duration with smokers with the incidence of hypertension in housewives in Dampit village.]]>
<![CDATA[Factor Associated with Underweight among People with Tuberculosis ]]>
<![CDATA[Wildana Widad Fitriyana]]>;
<![CDATA[Dewi Puji Ayuningrum]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V9I22021.202-210
<![CDATA[Background: The relationship between Tuberculosis (TB) and nutritional status is a significant one. Patients with TB who are underweight face a higher risk of death. Purpose: This research aims to analyze the factors related to the occurrence of being underweight among TB patients at the Public Health Center (PHC) in Perak Timur, Surabaya. Method: This was an analytical observational study and used a cross-sectional design. The sample for this research was 41 respondents, who were TB patients and were undergoing treatment at the PHC in Perak Timur, Surabaya. Data collection was done from March 2020 to June 2020. Primary data was collected by conducting interviews using a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using a chi-square test. Results: The results indicated that, out of the 41 respondents, there were 21 respondents who were underweight (51.22%). Descriptively, underweight TB patients were more likely to be in the intensive phase of treatment (90%), have a low income (56.76%), have a low education status (65.38%), and be unemployed (59.38%), with PR=0.43 and 95%CI=0.76–9.38. The results of this research indicated a link between the treatment phase and TB patients being underweight (p=0.01; PR=2.33; 95% CI=1.43–3.79), the level of education attained by underweight TB patients (p=0.04; PR=0.41; 95% CI=0.17–0.99), and the income of underweight TB patients (p=0.04; PR=0.43; 95%CI=0.30–0.63). The results of this research indicated that there was a correlation between the work status and TB patients being underweight (p=0.07; PR=2.67; 95%CI=0.76–9.38). Conclusion: The treatment phase, education level and income are significantly related to TB patients being underweight.]]>
<![CDATA[Determinants of Anemia in The Third Trimester of Pregnancy in Mojokerto ]]>
<![CDATA[Dian Irawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Agustin Dwi Syalfina]]>;
<![CDATA[Sari Priyanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Geofrey Ssekalembe]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (PERIODIC EPIDEMIOLOGY JOURNAL) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V9I32021.211-220
<![CDATA[Background: Anemia is a pregnancy complication that increases the morbidity and mortality of mother and baby during pregnancy and until puerperium. In 2015, the incidence of anemia in Indonesia was 23%. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine factors that influence anemia in the third trimester of pregnancy. Methods: The study was conducted on pregnant women in Mojokerto. This study used a case-control design. The sample calculation results obtained 70 cases and 70 controls. The primary and secondary data were obtained from the MCH book and from interviews conducted according to questionnaire guidelines. Data were analyzed via chi-squared test and logistic regression test. Results: The factors that influence anemia in the third trimester of pregnancy were found to be age (p value = 0.04; OR 2.08; 95% CI = 1.04–4.16), occupation (p value = 0.02; OR = 2.27; 95% CI = 1.15–4.47), birth interval (p value = 0.03; OR = 2.25; 95% CI 1.08-4.69), nutritional status (p value = 0.02; OR = 2.33; 95% CI = 1.14- 4.82), knowledge [about anemia] (p value = 0.01; OR = 3.17; 95% CI = 1.41-7.09), income per month (p value = 0.03, OR = 2.25; 95% CI =1.08–4.69), smoking activity (p value = 0.04; OR = 2.00; 95% CI = 1.02–3.92), perception (p value = 0.02; OR = 2.20; 95% CI = 1.10–4.40) , and spousal support (p value = 0.01; OR = 2.63; 95% CI = 1.16 – 5.93) Conclusion: The most influential factors on anemia in the third trimester of pregnancy were birth interval, nutritional status, and knowledge.]]>
