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INDONESIA
Jurnal Arbitrer
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 23391162     EISSN : 25501011     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
ARBITRER Jurnal Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia, merupakan jurnal ilmiah yang menyajikan artikel orisinil tentang pengetahuan dan informasi penelitian atau aplikasi penelitian dan pengembangan terkini dalam bidang ilmu bahasa (linguistik). Jurnal ini merupakan sarana publikasi dan ajang berbagi informasi keilmuan terkait dan pengembangannya di bidang humaniora khususnya linguistic, yang diterbitkan oleh program studi Linguistik Unand. Pemuatan artikel di jurnal ini dialamatkan ke alamat editor. Informasi lengkap untuk pemuatan artikel dan petunjuk penulisan artikel tersedia di dalam setiap terbitan. Artikel yang diterbitkan telah melalui proses seleksi oleh editior dan reviewer. Jurnal ini terbit secara berkala sebanyak dua kali dalam setahun (April dan Oktober). Artikel yang lolos seleksi akan dipungut biaya guna keberlanjutan jurnal, sedangkan pengiriman naskah tidak dipungut biaya. Diharapkan ARBITRER Jurnal Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia cabang Universitas Andalas dengan tampilan baru ini akan terbit berkelanjutan dan terakreditasi.
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Strategies, Errors, and Challenges in Translating Culture-Specific Items in Chinese-English Literary Works : A Systematic Review Qiufen, Wang; Amini, Mansour; Tan, Debbita Ai Lin
Jurnal Arbitrer Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ar.12.2.259-273.2025

Abstract

In this paper, the Chinese to English literary translation of Culture-Specific Items (CSIs) published between 2019 and 2024 is analyzed. Different types of CSIs, such as idioms, historical references, proverbs, and culturally specific phrases, are among the most difficult items to translate because of their deep cultural meaning and the challenge in finding appropriate English equivalents. Although exploration of cultural factors and their translations has become increasingly popular, particularly in Translation Studies, systematic reviews of CSIs especially in Chinese to English literary contexts are limited. We employed a qualitative content analysis to synthesize the findings of 25 selected and refined articles. Among them, 18 were empirical articles, while seven were reviews, mainly focusing on the theoretical and conceptual features of CSIs, collected from Google Scholar, JSTOR, and PubMed databases. Three major themes were identified: (1) definitions and typologies of CSIs, (2) translation strategies, and (3) translation errors. We found that among the various strategies and procedures involved in translating CSIs, domestication, foreignization, annotation, adaptation, and literal translation were the most popular, each acknowledging their context-specific efficiencies and limitations. Furthermore, the identified translation errors included cultural misinterpretation, loss of style, omission, and loss of functionality. These errors could often hinder reader comprehension and negatively influence the narrative. Based on the findings, we recommend maintaining a balance between linguistic and cultural faithfulness, emphasizing genre sensitivity, recognizing the significance of translator visibility, and in-depth exploration of the context, and functional equivalence. Conducting empirical reception studies, in addition to further examination of genre representation, integration of human evaluation, and exploring the potential role of translation technology in translating cultural items could offer theoretical and practical guidance to literary translators dealing with cultural items.
Enhancing Administrative Texts Through Cohesive Devices and Narrative Elements Ly Ngoc, Toan
Jurnal Arbitrer Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ar.12.2.210-226.2025

Abstract

This study aims to shed light on how the combination of cohesive devices (henceforth CDs) and narrative elements (NEs) contributes to developing the coherence and clarity of administrative texts (ATs). While CDs and NEs were constantly treated as separate elements in previous studies, this research delves into their interaction as complementary strategies within ATs. Quantitative content analysis was employed to analyze 20 Vietnamese ATs, the results show that when CDs (reference, conjunction, ellipsis, and substitution) are combined with NEs (processes, participants, and spatial-situational settings), they occupy a crucial role in constructing textual cohesion, thematic continuity, and systematic transparency. These compound linguistic elements improve reading competence. As a result, readers can retain information more effectively, and the formal tone of administrative texts becomes more reinforced. Moreover, the results suggest that merging structural and experiential meanings in ATs significantly enhances both clarity and reader engagement. Drawing upon systemic functional linguistics as its theoretical framework, this study improves both theoretical interpretation within discourse studies and practical implications for developing ATs. Building on these findings, this study develops an analytical framework for examining how the combination of NEs and CDs operates to achieve structural objectives. Future research can apply this model to other text types, which are characterized by clarity, integrity, and formal structure. In short, this research demonstrates the roles of CDs and NEs in the construction of coherent and accessible ATs.
Phonological Change of Minangkabau Protolanguage in Tanjong Ipoh Isolect, Negeri Sembilan Nadra, Nadra; Aslinda, Aslinda; Zikri, Ahmad
Jurnal Arbitrer Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ar.12.2.125-137.2025

Abstract

The traces of the Minangkabau language in Negeri Sembilan are evidence that the Minangkabau people not only migrated to the coastal areas of Sumatra but also to the Malay Peninsula. Despite historical evidence linking the Tanjong Ipoh isolect to Minangkabau, the extent of phonological change in this isolect remains undocumented. This study seeks to bridge this gap by systematically analyzing phonological evolution. This study aims to describe the forms and types of phonological changes observed in the Tanjong Ipoh isolect, located in Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Data were collected through observation and interviews. We interviewed three native speakers of the Tanjong Ipoh isolect, selected through purposive sampling based on linguistic competence and community recognition, who participated in this study. Additionally, we also interview various speakers to help validate the data. We documented the data using both note-taking and recording techniques. We conducted the analysis using a top-down approach by identifying Minangkabau protolanguage (PBM) reflexes in the Tanjong Ipoh isolect. The results are that the vowels that have changed in Tanjong Ipoh isolect are *i, *u, *ə, *e, and *a, while PBM consonants that have changed in Tanjong Ipoh isolect are *t, *k, *s, *R, and *l. PBM consonant changes in the Tanjong Ipoh isolect consistently occur in environments where PBM vowels also change. The study concludes that all sound changes observed in the Tanjong Ipoh isolect are conditioned. Among the types of changes, lenition (weakening) is the most prevalent, with additional changes including assimilation, dissimilation, fortition, diphthongization, splitting, merging, and elimination. The findings align with established phonological theories and contribute to understanding language evolution in migrant communities.
Receptive and Productive Collocational Knowledge, Vocabulary Size, Motivation, and Self-Efficacy in ESL Reading Comprehension Husin, Nahazatul; Rawian, Rafizah
Jurnal Arbitrer Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ar.12.2.138-152.2025

Abstract

In reading research and pedagogy, it is important to understand the nuances of collocation competence in ESL learners’ reading comprehension of English-language learners, investigate the interrelationships, and evaluate the mutual effect. This study aimed to determine the relationship between receptive and productive collocational knowledge, vocabulary size, motivation, and reading comprehension performance of Royal Malaysian Air Force technicians, focusing on the setting of Institute Technology Aerospace (ITAS) in Kedah State in Malaysia. Using a quantitative design, three tests (receptive/productive collocations, vocabulary size) and two questionnaires (motivation, self-efficacy) were administered to 200 technicians studying English reading comprehension courses. These participants were selected through a random probability sampling technique to ensure an unbiased representation of the target population. Data were analysed descriptively and inferentially, conducting correlation and regression analyses. After determining the correlations, three regression models were conceived to evaluate the most contributing variable. The findings revealed that the receptive collocational knowledge of these ESL learners was the most predictive of their reading results, which briefly means that it enhances reading performance. Moreover, all variables had positive and significant correlations with reading performance. In contrast, receptive and productive collocational competence and vocabulary size had higher correlation values than motivation and self-efficacy. The study offers significant theoretical implications for the field of reading research, especially in the Southeast Asian region, and practical implications for teachers, learners, and assessors of ESL reading comprehension.
Peculiarities of Metathesis in Kunha Language Kujur, Anup Kumar; Dash, Biswanandan
Jurnal Arbitrer Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ar.12.2.114-124.2025

Abstract

This paper focuses on metathesis, a linguistic phenomenon observed in the unique language called Kunha, a part of the North-Dravidian language family, where sounds are swapped within words. So, instead of the anticipated order of ..xy.. in a sequence of participating sounds, we encounter ..yx.. The final segments of a word can vary depending on the context; in some cases, they appear as a vowel followed by a consonant, while in others, they may be a consonant followed by a vowel. Metathesis in the Kunha language (Odisha, India), analysing its phonological patterns and linguistic implications from a synchronic perspective. Data was collected via 5,000 lexicons and sociolinguistic interviews with NORMs in Sundergarh and Sambalpur districts of Odisha state, alongside comparisons to Kurux and Dravidian etymological sources. Theoretical frameworks categorise metathesis as (1) copy-delete/coalescence operations, (2) transposition outcomes, or (3) allomorphy-driven CV/CC/CVC rearrangements. The results focus on Kunha’s pervasive yet irregular CV/CC/CVC metathesis, previously undocumented, highlighting its typological rarity and challenges for linguistic prediction. For example, the word /oɽok/ ‘bark of a tree’ in Kurux, changes to /uɽku:/ in Kunha. Similarly, /calkur/ ‘sand, gravel’ in Kurux, transforms to /calkri:/ in Kunha. These peculiarities in sound change are not limited to CV (consonant-vowel) clusters; they also occur in CC (consonant-consonant) clusters. For instance, /maːkcuːɳɖ/ ‘name of a flower’ in Kurux, changes to /maːskuːɽ/ in Kunha, resulting in the sound change from [kc] to [sk]. Additionally, metathesis can affect CVC (consonant-vowel-consonant) order, as seen in the transformation of /letheɽ okk-aː/ ‘to sit with the legs crossed’ in Kurux, into /thepeɽ okk-aː/ in Kunha, yielding the change from [leth] to [thep]. Due to these sound transpositions, there is an emergence of a new speech variety called Kunha.
Language Attitude of Millennial Sundanese Speakers: A Sociolinguistic Perspective Trianto, Ikmal; Muniroh, R. Dian Dia-an; Gunawan, Wawan; Isnendes, Retty; Wirza, Yanty
Jurnal Arbitrer Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ar.12.2.192-209.2025

Abstract

This study aims to identify the language attitude tendencies of the millennial Sundanese-speaking group in the city of Bandung, along with the factors that influence them. A sociolinguistic approach using a mixed-methods design is employed to measure the dominance of language attitudes among millennials within various domains of their daily communication. This can indicate whether this generation is inclined to maintain their mother tongue or shift toward using other languages in their interactions. A total of 97 individuals responded to the distributed questionnaire; however, only 80 met the predetermined criteria. In this context, the researcher utilized a modified version of the instrument developed by Cohn (2013). In addition, interviews and observations were conducted to gain a deeper perspective on the language attitude tendencies of this millennial group. Millennials like Indonesian and international languages better than Sundanese online because they perceive them as more functional and global. However, though Sundanese use declines in everyday life, a significant majority of respondents are also concerned about language conservation and have encouraged electronic means of preserving Sundanese to thrive in new communication spaces. This study determines that while millennials are cognizant of Sundanese’s cultural and identity value, pragmatic limitations such as speech-level complexity and technological influence are contributing factors in its gradual decline. The findings emphasize the need for innovative strategies, including online content creation and policy implementation, to preserve the use and liveliness of Sundanese among the younger generations.
Mapping Subtitling in KSA in Relation to Saudi Vision 2030: A Sociological and Historical Analysis Altalidi, Bandar; Alqarni, Abdullah; Sahari, Yousef
Jurnal Arbitrer Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ar.12.2.174-191.2025

Abstract

The production and consumption of subtitled content in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) have undergone various developments, experiencing periods of both progress and decline. However, this topic is largely ignored and insufficiently researched. Consequently, this paper addresses this lack of detailed socio-historical research into the cultural production of subtitling in KSA. It therefore traces the trajectories of subtitling as a social practice, examining the external and internal factors that (re) shape its dynamics since the 1950s. Inspired by technological and socio-cultural developments, subtitling is analysed in this paper as a social field, inhabited by various agents who deploy different strategies to accumulate capital. Adopting a qualitative approach and building on the sociology of Pierre Bourdieu, this paper analysed the subtitling field according to three historical periods. Following this thematic and periodisation analysis, each period documents the external factors influencing the development of the field and identifies the main agents along with their motivations and position-takings. To ensure the reliability and validity of research, triangulation of data sources and methods is adopted. Data are collected from archival sources, observation, published reports, audiovisual content and previous studies. The application of this sociological analysis provides an in-depth understanding of the evolving nature of the subtitling field concerning the concept of power. More importantly, the study of this social field assesses the influence of Saudi Vision 2030 (SV2030) on the cultural production in KSA, including subtitling. This paper concludes that the socio-cultural developments promoted by SV2030 have been crucial in restructuring the field’s dynamics, leading to significant changes in audiovisual production and consumption. The analysis suggests that 2016 marked a distinctive era for subtitling in KSA, compared to previous periods and developments. The paper contributes to the ongoing discussion on sociological approaches in translation studies by focusing on the application of Bourdieu’s theory to audiovisual translation. It extends the application of this theory to the digital forms of translation, emphasising the usefulness of Bourdieu’s sociology to digital fields.
Deviation or Glocalization? Rhetorical Differences in Research Article Introductions Written by International, English FL, and Indonesian L1 Authors Arianto, M. Affandi; Haq, Maulluddul; Jufrizal, Jufrizal; Saputra, Dwi Bayu; Syafrina, Dewi
Jurnal Arbitrer Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ar.12.2.153-173.2025

Abstract

Following English rhetorical conventions in English academic texts, especially by non-native English authors, does not necessarily mean disregarding some rhetorical practices of their national language. Although investigating English RAs has largely been focused on how the textual structure of the section is written in English by native English speakers and non-native English speakers, there has a limited empirical attention so far related to the investigation of rhetorical differences between RA introductions written in English and those written in Indonesian. After a thorough genre-based investigation of 60 RAs published from 2019 to 2023 using the modified CARS model (Swales, 1990, 2004), this study has revealed that the use of each rhetorical style, including moves, steps, and patterns, in English and Indonesian RA introductions is different. The result indicates that although the moves and steps display a close affinity with the CARS model, we found higher use of Move 1, i.e., establishing a territory, in the language teaching RA introductions written in Indonesian than in English. On top of that, while international authors (IAs) established their niches adequately, Indonesian authors (Eng-FL) established their niches inadequately, seemingly due to the influence of their national language (Indonesian). Moreover, the Indonesian language not only affects the frequency of occurrence of the moves and steps but also contributes to the pattern deviations found in the English RA introductions written by the Indonesian authors. This study provides pedagogical implications for academic writing and insights for Indonesian authors to write English articles using English rhetorical styles.
Austronesian’s Traces in Sasak: Historical Linguistics Study Burhanuddin, Burhanuddin; Melani, Boniesta Zulandha; Saharudin, Saharudin
Jurnal Arbitrer Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ar.12.2.238-258.2025

Abstract

The Sasak language spoken by the Sasak ethnic group in Lombok, Indonesia is one of the many Austronesian languages. As a descendant of Proto-Austronesian (PAN), Sasak is assumed to retain traces of its Austronesian heritage. This research explains the phonological characteristics of PAN in Sasak language by using the working principle in historical linguistic studies. Etymon data from Proto-Austronesian were gathered through literature review, while 200 basic vocabulary and 500 culturally vocabulary were collected through interviews. The interviews involved native speakers of four distinct Sasak dialects, with each dialect represented by three carefully selected informants based on predefined linguistic criteria. Employing a comparative method with a top-down approach, the study identified 343 PAN etyma in Sasak, of which 190 (55.39%) were determined to be inherited lexicons. Among these inherited items, 25 retained their original forms, while the remaining underwent phonological innovations. The other 153 etyma (44.61%) showed no evidence of direct inheritance. Retained Austronesian phonemes include *p, *t, *d, *m, *n, *ɲ, *s, *l, and *r —9 out of the 28 PAN phonemes—where most were regularly retained except for *r and *ɲ, which showed irregularities. Innovations were observed in *C, *c, *z, *j, *N, *S, *h, *R, *ay, *aw, and *uy. Additionally, certain phonemes, such as *k, *?, *w, *g, *ŋ, *y, *i, *u, *Ə, and *a, exhibited both retention and innovation. The retention and innovation in Sasak followed four distinct types: (1) regular retention and regular innovation; (2) regular retention and irregular innovation; (3) irregular retention and regular innovation; (4) irregular retention and irregular innovation. The high degree of innovation and non-inherited lexicon indicate that Sasak has been separated from its Austronesian ancestors for a long time. This study plays a crucial role in classifying languages within Indonesia, identifying the center of Sasak ethnic distribution on Lombok Island, and exploring the etymology of the Sasak language.
Gendered Narratives in Children’s Literature: Analyzing Femininity and Power Al-Gailany, Maha M.; Hussein, Abeer Khalaf; Hazem, Ali Hussein
Jurnal Arbitrer Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ar.12.2.227-237.2025

Abstract

Children’s literature plays a crucial role in shaping young minds by constructing and representing gender roles and expectations. In classic stories, the male protagonists are usually active, adventurous, and solvers of problems, whereas the female roles are supporting, nurturing, and waiting to be rescued. This study seeks to examine images of femininity and power relations in society dealt with in children’s literature through its female characters’ levels of agency, power, and children-related roles. The data of the study involves selected excerpts from the classic children’s literature “Sindbad, the Sailor’s Seven Voyages” written anonymously in (1835) in “The Arabian Nights’ Entertainments” by Philadelphia/Thomas Wardle. Connell’s (1987) model of power and gender is adopted for the analysis where nine excerpts are randomly selected from the seven voyages stories of Sindbad. Each excerpt is given, then the effects of themes like authority, financial inequality, and social norms on both family and society are reflected along with discussion for each analysis. It is concluded that the traditional children’s literature often reinforces patriarchal norms, particularly in the portrayal of femininity and power dynamics. Female characters are often marginalised and used as tools to maintain male authority, reinforcing traditional gender roles and limiting female agency. Hence, the findings imply that Sindbad the Sailor’s story reflects a world shaped by patriarchal power, with women showing little economic power, not much authority, and being stuck in roles based on traditional gender norms. The conclusion proves the given hypothesis.

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