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Jurnal Farmasi Klinik Indonesia

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Published by Universitas Padjadjaran

ISSN : 23375701 EISSN : 2337 5701 DOI : -

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Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (IJCP) is a scientific publication on all aspect of clinical pharmacy. It published 4 times a year by Clinical Pharmacy Master Program Universitas Padjadjaran to provide a forum for clinicians, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals to share best practice, encouraging networking and a more collaborative approach in patient care. Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy is intended to feature quality research articles in clinical pharmacy to become scientific guide in fields related to clinical pharmacy. It is a peer-reviewed journal and publishes original research articles, review articles, case reports, commentaries, and brief research communications on all aspects of Clinical Pharmacy. It is also a media for publicizing meetings and news relating to advances in Clinical Pharmacy in the regions.

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Efektivitas Biaya Terapi Cairan Kristaloid dan Koloid pada Pasien Anak Demam Berdarah di Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul Chotijatun Nasriyah; Baiq A. A. Munawwarah; Dyah A. Perwitasari
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 8, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue yang ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Kunci keberhasilan terapi pada penyakit demam berdarah adalah pemberian cairan termasuk jenis dan jumlahnya. Dari aspek biaya terapi, cairan koloid diketahui lebih mahal dibandingkan cairan kristaloid. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas biaya terapi cairan kristaloid dan koloid pada pasien anak demam berdarah periode Januari 2018 sampai Juni 2018 di Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian eksperimental single blind randomized clinical trial. Sejumlah 48 pasien anak yang memenuhi syarat inklusi dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok intervensi (n=24) yang mendapatkan terapi cairan koloid berupa inisial cairan gelafusal dan kelompok kontrol (n=24) yang mendapatkan terapi cairan kristaloid tunggal berupa ringer laktat. Data efektivitas (lama rawat inap) dan total biaya medis dianalisis menggunakan independent t-test dan rumus average cost-effectiveness ratio (ACER). Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan lama rawat inap antara kelompok cairan kristaloid dibandingkan kelompok cairan koloid (p<0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbandingan nilai ACER yaitu nilai ACER kelompok koloid (Rp28.560/efektivitas) lebih rendah dari nilai ACER kelompok kristaloid (Rp62.328/efektivitas). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terapi cairan koloid lebih cost-effective dibandingkan cairan kristaloid.Kata kunci: Efektivitas biaya, koloid, kristaloidCost-Effectiveness of Crystalloid and Colloid Therapy in Children with Dengue Fever in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital, BantulAbstractDengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a disease caused by the dengue virus which is transmitted through the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. The key to the success of therapy in dengue fever is the administration of fluids including types and quantities. Based on its cost, colloid fluid therapy are known to be more expensive than crystalloid fluid therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the cost-effectiveness of crystalloid and colloid fluid therapy in dengue fever patients in the period of January–June 2018 at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Bantul. This study employed an experimental single blind randomized clinical trial design. A total of 48 pediatric patients who met the inclusion requirements were divided into two groups, namely the intervention group (n=24) who received colloid fluid therapy in the form of initial gelafusal fluid and control group (n=24) who received single crystalloid fluid therapy in the form of ringer lactate. Effectiveness data (length of stay) and total medical costs were analyzed using independent t-test and the average cost-effectiveness ratio (ACER) formula. There was a significant difference in length of stay between groups of crystalloid fluid compared to the group of colloid fluid (p<0.05). The ACER values of the colloid group (28,560 IDR/effectiveness) was lower than the crystalloid group (62,328 IDR/effectiveness). The conclusion of this study is that colloid fluid therapy group is more cost-effective than crystalloid fluid group.Keywords: Colloid, cost-effectiveness, crystalloid

Profil Penggunaan Antidiabetik pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Gestasional di Puskesmas Wilayah Kecamatan Pontianak Kota Kharina Anisya; Robiyanto Robiyanto; Nurmainah Nurmainah
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 8, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Pada masa kehamilan, terjadi perubahan-perubahan fisiologis yang berpengaruh terhadap metabolisme karbohidrat sehingga mengakibatkan kehamilan tersebut bersifat diabetogenik. Berbagai faktor dapat mengganggu keseimbangan metabolisme karbohidrat dengan meningkatnya usia kehamilan sehingga terjadi gangguan toleransi glukosa. Keadaan ini dikenal dengan diabetes melitus gestasional (DMG). DMG termasuk jenis penyakit diabetes melitus (DM) yang terjadi pada saat kehamilan. DMG, jika tidak ditangani dengan tepat, dapat berisiko menjadi DM tipe 2 di masa mendatang. Untuk itu, pengobatan DMG perlu dilakukan dengan pendekatan nonfarmakologi dan farmakologi untuk mencegah terjadinya DM tipe 2 dalam jangka waktu yang panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penggunaan antidiabetik pada pasien diabetes melitus gestasional di Puskesmas Wilayah Kecamatan Pontianak Kota. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional dengan rancangan penelitian potong lintang yang bersifat deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara retrospektif berdasarkan data rekam medis pasien DMG rawat jalan di Puskesmas Wilayah Kecamatan Pontianak Kota periode Januari 2016–September 2017. Sampel penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 32 pasien. Dari hasil penelitian, diperoleh obat yang dominan digunakan untuk mengatasi DMG pada wanita hamil adalah metformin (78,13%) yang merupakan golongan biguanida, dan sisanya menggunakan gliburid (21,88%) yang merupakan golongan sulfonilurea. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah golongan biguanida banyak digunakan untuk mengatasi DMG pada wanita hamil trimester kedua dan ketiga.Kata kunci: Diabetes melitus gestasional, gliburid, metformin Antidiabetic Use Profile on Gestasional Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Community Health Center in Region of Center PontianakAbstractDuring pregnancy, there are physiological changes affecting on carbohydrate metabolism which cause a diabetogenic pregnancy. Various factors can disrupt the balance of carbohydrate metabolism with increasing gestational age, resulting in impaired glucose tolerance. This condition is known as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). GDM is a type of diabetes mellitus (DM) that occurs during pregnancy. GDM, if not handled properly, can be at risk of becoming type 2 DM in the future. Therefore, GDM treatment needs to be done with non-pharmacology and pharmacology approach to prevent the occurrence of DM type 2 in the long term. The objective of this research was to describe the use of oral antidiabetics on gestational diabetes mellitus patients at community health center in Region of Center Pontianak. This research employed observational method with descriptive cross-sectional study design. The data collection was done from medical record of gestasional diabetes mellitus outpatients at community health center in Region of Center Pontianak in the period of January 2016–September 2017. A total of 32 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The results showed that drugs dominantly taken as GDM treatment during pregnancy was metformin (78.13%) which is biguanide group, while the rest was glyburide (21.88%) which is sulfonylurea group. The conclusion of this research is biguanide group was mostly used to treat GDM for pregnancy during the second trimester and third trimester.Keywords: Gestational diabetes mellitus, glyburide, metformin

Efek Konseling Menggunakan Brief Counseling 5A Modifikasi Disertai Pesan Motivasional Farmasis dalam Peningkatan Perilaku dan Outcome Klinik Pasien Diabetes Melitus dengan Hipertensi Rawat Jalan di RSUD Panembahan Senopati, Bantul Ginanjar Z. Saputri; Akrom Akrom; Muhammad Muhlis; Ainun Muthoharoh
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 8, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Diabetes melitus (DM) dengan hipertensi merupakan penyakit komplikasi sindrom metabolik dengan terapi lebih dari satu obat. Selain faktor pengetahuan, faktor perilaku dan motivasi dari luar dapat menjadi salah satu faktor kebosanan pasien dalam menjalani terapi jangka panjang. Dibutuhkan edukasi dan motivasi untuk kepatuhan perilaku berobat dalam mencapai target terapi pasien DM-hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh brief-counseling 5A modifikasi oleh apoteker dan dukungan motivasi pesan singkat dalam meningkatkan perilaku dan outcome klinis pasien DM-hipertensi rawat jalan di RSUD Panembahan Senopati, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuasi-eksperimental dengan desain pre-post. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara prospektif selama periode Maret–Mei 2017. Sebanyak 99 orang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok yang terdiri dari 33 pasien. Tingkat perilaku pasien diukur melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner perilaku pasien DM-hipertensi, sedangkan data outcome klinis pasien diambil dari data rekam medis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa proporsi tingkat perilaku pada tahap aksi kelompok perlakuan 1 (brief counseling 5A modifikasi) dan 2 (brief counseling 5A modifikasi + SMS motivasi) lebih besar (masing-masing sebesar 21,2%) dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (12,1%). Pemberian brief counseling 5A modifikasi dapat menurunkan tekanan darah sistolik sebesar 8,36±12,21 mmHg (p=0,000), diastolik 2,42±10,69 mmHg (p=0,202) dan gula darah sewaktu (GDS) 24,66 mg/dL (p=0,017). Pemberian brief counseling 5A modifikasi + SMS motivasi dapat menurunkan tekanan darah sistolik sebesar 8,79±17,32 mmHg (p=0,012), diastolik 5,0±9,92 mmHg (p=0,007), dan GDS 24,91 mg/dL (p=0,079). Kelompok brief counseling 5A modifikasi disertai pesan (SMS) motivasi lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan perilaku pasien dan pengontrolan outcome klinik dibandingkan kelompok kontrol maupun brief counseling 5A modifikasi.Kata kunci: Brief counseling 5A modifikasi, diabetes melitus, hipertensi, pesan motivatif (SMS motivasi) Effect of Brief Counseling 5A Modification and Pharmacist Motivation Message in Improving Behavior and Clinical Outcome of Diabetes Mellitus-Hypertensive Outpatients in Panembahan Senopati Hospital, BantulAbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM) with hypertension is a complicating disease of metabolic syndrome with more than one drug therapy. Aside from knowledge, behavior and motivation also can be factors that trigger patient’s boredom in undergoing long-term therapy. Education and motivation are needed for adherence to treatment in order to achieve therapeutic target of DM-hypertensive patients. This study aimed to determine the effect of brief counseling 5A modification by pharmacists and short message (SMS) motivation to improve behavior and clinical outcomes of DM-hypertensive outpatients at Panembahan Senopati Hospital, Bantul, Yogyakarta. This study used a quasi-experimental method with pre-post design, and data collection was conducted prospectively during the period of March–May 2017. A total of 99 patients who were eligible for inclusion criteria were divided into 3 groups consisting of 33 patients. Level of patient’s behavior was measured through interviews using behavioral questionnaire of DM-hypertensive patients, while the patient’s clinical outcome was taken from medical record. The results of this study indicate that the proportion of behavioral levels in action stage of group 1 (brief counseling 5A modification) and group 2 (brief counseling 5A modification + SMS motivation) were greater (21.2% each) than control group (12.1%). Brief counseling 5A modification could reduce systolic blood pressure by 8.36±12.21 mmHg (p=0.000), diastolic 2.42±10.69 mmHg (p=0.202) and blood glucose level 24.66 mg/dL (p=0.017). Brief counseling 5A modification with SMS motivation could reduce systolic blood pressure by 8.79±17.32 mmHg (p=0.012), diastolic 5.0±9.92 mmHg (p=0.007), and blood glucose level 24.91 mg/dL (p=0.079). The brief counseling 5A modification group with SMS motivation was more effective in improving patient behavior and controlling clinical outcomes compared to the control group and brief counseling 5A modification group.Keywords: Brief counseling 5A modification, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, motivational message (SMS)

Hubungan antara Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Tindakan Gaya Hidup Sehat dengan Risiko Penyakit Kardiovaskular pada Orang Dewasa di Pedesaan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Aris Widayati; Fenty Fenty; Yunita Linawati
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 8, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Sindrom metabolik (SM) merupakan salah satu faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskular (PKV). Gaya hidup tidak sehat cenderung meningkatkan kejadian SM dan PKV. Masyarakat pedesaan mempunyai akses sumber informasi tentang gaya hidup sehat yang relatif terbatas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan (PST) terkait gaya hidup sehat dengan risiko PKV di kalangan masyarakat pedesaan di D.I. Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian direkrut secara non-random purposive di dua dusun yaitu Tanjung dan Dlingseng, Desa Banjaroyo, Kecamatan Kalibawang, Kabupaten Kulonprogo, D.I. Yogyakarta. Kriteria inklusi responden yaitu penduduk dewasa sehat berusia 30–75 tahun. Kriteria eksklusi yaitu wanita hamil dan responden yang datanya tidak lengkap. Data dikumpulkan pada Bulan Mei–Juni 2018. Data pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan terkait gaya hidup sehat (PST) dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner. Data faktor risiko PKV yaitu indeks massa tubuh (IMT), lingkar pinggang (LP), tekanan darah (TD), kadar gula darah puasa (GDP), dan kolesterol total (Chol) diperoleh melalui pengukuran. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif korelatif dengan Spearman correlation. Sebanyak 124 data responden dianalisis. Sebanyak 56,5% responden mempunyai tingkat pengetahuan tinggi, 66,1% sikap positif, dan 67,7% melakukan tindakan hidup sehat. Sebanyak 55,6% IMT responden termasuk obes general; 65% ukuran LP wanita dan 25% LP pria termasuk obes sentral; median TD sistol di atas normal dan diastol normal; median GDP dan kolesterol normal. Hasil yang diharapkan adalah PST dan faktor risiko PKV berkorelasi negatif. Namun, hasil analisis menunjukkan beberapa faktor risiko PKV berkorelasi positif dengan PST. Hal ini kemungkinan disebabkan oleh faktor social desirability bias, the phenomenon of intention not translated into action, dan recall bias pada pengukuran pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan.Kata kunci: Gaya hidup sehat, kardiovaskular, pedesaan, pengetahuan, sikap, tindakanAssociation between Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Lifestyle to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Adults in Rural Area of Yogyakarta, IndonesiaAbstractMetabolic syndrome (MS) is one of risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Unhealthy lifestyle tends to elevate the risk of MS. People in rural area might not have adequate access to information on healthy lifestyle. Hence, this study aimed to explore association between knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) on healthy lifestyle and cardiovascular (CVD) risk factors among rural adults in Yogyakarta Province. This is an observational analytic study with cross sectional design. Samples were recruited purposively in two sub-villages, i.e.: Tanjung and Dlingseng in Banjaroyo, Kalibawang, Kulonprogo. Inclusion criteria were healthy adult people in between 30 to 75 years old. Those who were pregnant and those who did not complete the data were excluded. Data collection was conducted during May to June 2018. Data on KAP were gathered using a questionnaire. Data on CVD risk factors were collected through measurements of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and total cholesterol (Chol). Data were analyzed descriptively using Spearman correlation. Of the 124 respondents, 64.5% were female, 56.5% have high level of knowledge, 66.1% have positive attitude, and 67.7% have healthier lifestyle practices. The profiles of CVD risk factors are as follows: 55.6% are general obese; 65% of female’s WC and 25% of male’s WC are central obese; median systole is high, but diastole is normal; median FBG and Chol are normal. In this study, some of the risk factors have positive correlation with KAP. This might be caused by social desirability bias, the phenomenon of intention not translated into action, and recall bias in the KAP measurements. Keywords: Attitude, CVD risk factors, healthy lifestyle, knowledge, practice, rural

Masalah Farmasetika dan Interaksi Obat pada Resep Racikan Pasien Pediatri: Studi Retrospektif pada Salah Satu Rumah Sakit di Kabupaten Bogor Anna U. H. Rochjana; Mahdi Jufri; Retnosari Andrajati; Ratu A. D. Sartika
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 8, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Di Indonesia, masih banyak dokter yang memberikan obat dalam bentuk racikan. Peracikan obat menjadi perhatian karena banyak munculnya kejadian yang tidak dikehendaki seperti masalah farmasetika dan interaksi obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis masalah farmasetika (inkompatibilitas) dan interaksi obat pada resep racikan pasien pediatri rawat jalan di salah satu rumah sakit di Kabupaten Bogor. Metode penelitian ini adalah gabungan penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data diproses melalui software Lexicomp atau Drug Interactions Checker. Data kualitatif dalam bentuk triangulasi diperoleh dari wawancara mendalam, telaah resep dan observasi lapangan. Data yang diambil menggunakan total sampling sebanyak 506 lembar resep racikan rawat jalan periode Januari–Agustus 2016. Informan terdiri dari dua orang dokter spesialis dan dua orang apoteker. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat masalah farmasetika (inkompatibilitas) sebesar 3,4% (17 lembar resep), masalah interaksi obat sebesar 45,1% (228 lembar resep), dan total interaksi obat sebanyak 329 interaksi obat. Persepsi dokter terkait masalah inkompatibilitas dan interaksi obat yaitu masalah-masalah yang terjadi disebabkan oleh masalah ketersediaan obat. Masalah farmasetika dan interaksi obat pada resep racikan dapat dihindari apabila ada informasi dari bagian farmasi mengenai obat yang ada interaksi dan obat yang tidak boleh diracik. Kata kunci: Inkompatibilitas, interaksi obat, pediatri, resep racikanPharmaceutics and Drug Interaction Problems in Pediatric Patients Prescription: Retrospective Study at a Hospital in Bogor DistrictAbstractIn Indonesia, many physicians still provide a lot of medicine in the form of compounding. Drug compounding is of concern considering the occurrence of unwanted events such as pharmaceutical problems and drug interactions that it caused. This study aimed to analyze the pharmaceutics problems (incompatibility) and drug interactions on compounding prescription of pediatric outpatients in one of the hospitals in Bogor district. This study used quantitative and qualitative research method. The data was processed through Lexicomp software or Drug Interactions Checker. Qualitative data in the form of triangulation was obtained from in-depth interviews, prescription analysis and observations. A total of 506 compounding prescriptions collected through total sampling in the period of January–August 2016. Informants consisting of two specialists and two pharmacists. Results of the analysis showed pharmaceutics problem (incompatibility) found was 3.4% (17 recipe sheets), problem of drug interaction was 45.1% (228 prescriptions), and the total of drug interactions were 329 drug interactions. Doctor’s perception was that the availability of drugs is the root of problems related with incompatibilities and drug interactions. Pharmaceutical problem and drug interactions in compounding prescriptions can be avoided provided that there is clear information from the pharmacy department regarding drug interactions and drugs that should not be compounded.Keywords: Compounding prescription, drug interaction, incompatibility, pediatrics

Hubungan Pemberian Terapi Antipsikotik terhadap Kejadian Efek Samping Sindrom Ekstrapiramidal pada Pasien Rawat Jalan di Salah Satu Rumah Sakit di Bantul, Yogyakarta Haafizah Dania; Imaniar N. Faridah; Khansa F. Rahmah; Rizky Abdulah; Melisa I. Barliana; Dyah A. Perwitasari
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 8, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Skizofrenia merupakan penyakit gangguan jiwa terbanyak yang memiliki prognosis yang buruk, dengan remisi total hanya dialami oleh sekitar 20% penderitanya, sedangkan sisanya akan mengalami berbagai tingkat kesulitan dan kemunduran secara klinis dan sosial. Antipsikotik merupakan terapi utama pada skizofrenia, namun pemberian terapi ini terkadang dapat menimbulkan efek samping, salah satunya adalah sindrom ekstrapiramidal yang dapat menyebabkan pasien enggan untuk minum obat secara rutin, akibatnya frekuensi kekambuhan menjadi meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan terapi antipsikotik terhadap kejadian sindrom ekstrapiramidal pada pasien skizofrenia rawat jalan di salah satu rumah sakit di wilayah Bantul, Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif menggunakan data rekam medis pasien skizofrenia yang menjalani rawat jalan di salah satu rumah sakit di wilayah Bantul, Yogyakarta pada periode Januari–Desember 2017. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 100 orang pasien dengan kriteria inklusi yaitu pasien skizofrenia dengan usia >15 tahun dan mendapatkan terapi antipsikotik selama minimal 4 minggu, sedangkan kriteria ekslusi yaitu pasien yang mendapatkan terapi metoklopramid dan mempunyao riwayat sindrom ekstrapiramidal sebelumnya. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi–Square dengan menggunakan program SPSS versi 16.0. Diperoleh bahwa sebagian besar pasien mendapat risperidon sebesar 27%, risperidon+klozapin 17%, dan haloperidol+klozapin 10%. Pada pasien yang memperoleh terapi antipsikotik tunggal, sebanyak 5 orang mengalami efek samping sindrom ekstrapiramidal, sedangkan pada pasien yang memperoleh terapi antipsikotik kombinasi, 7 orang mengalami efek samping sindrom ekstrapiramidal. Hasil analisis uji Chi-Square menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan baik itu antara penggunaan terapi antipsikotik (tunggal maupun kombinasi) (p=1,000), antara terapi antipsikotik tunggal (tipikal maupun atipikal) (p=0,467), dan antara terapi antipsikotik kombinasi (atipikal-atipikal, tipikal-tipikal, dan tipikal-atipikal) (p=0,269), dengan kejadian efek samping sindrom ekstrapiramidal.Kata kunci: Antipsikotik, sindrom ekstrapiramidal, skizofrenia Relationship between the Use of Antipsychotic and Incident of Extrapyramidal Syndrome on Schizophrenic Outpatients at One of Hospitals in Bantul, YogyakartaAbstractSchizophrenia is the most kind of psychiatric diseases which has bad prognosis with total remision only around 20%, otherwise social and clinical difficulties will be faced by the rest. Antipsychotic is a first line therapy for schizophrenic patients, however it has some side effects such as extrapyramidal syndrome that make people reluctant to take the medication regularly. Furthermore, the number of recurrence is increasing. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the use of antipsychotic and the incident of extrapyramidal syndrome in outpatient schizophrenia in one of hospitals in Bantul region, Yogyakarta. This study was observational study, using cross-sectional design. Data was taken retrospectively using patients’ medical records who were outpatients in one of hospitals in Bantul region, Yogyakarta, in the period of January–December 2017. The sample of this research was 100 patients. The inclusion criteria was schizophrenic patients aged >15 years old who took an antipsychotic therapy for a minimum of 4 weeks, while the exclusion criteria was patients who took metoclopramide as a therapy and had a history of extrapyramidal syndrome previously. Purposive sampling was used as a technique for sampling. Data analysis was conducted using Chi-Square by SPSS ver. 16.0. Results of this study is most patients took risperidon e (27%), risperidone+clozapine 17%, and haloperidol+clozapine 10%. The incident of extrapyramidal syndrome happened in 5 patients who took single antipsychotic and in 7 patients who took combination antipsychotic. However, the Chi-Square analysis showed that there was no relationship between the use of antipsychotic (single or combination) and the incident of extrapyramidal syndrome (p-value=1.000). Likewise, there was no relationship between the use of single (both typical and atypical) antipsychotic therapy (p-value=0.467), also no relationship between the use of combination (atypical-atypical, typical-typical and atypical) antipsychotic therapy (p-value=0.269) and the incident of extrapyramidal syndrome side-effects.Keywords: Antipsychotics, extrapyramidal syndrome, schizophrenia

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Pemanfaatan Obat Tradisional pada Pasien Hiperkolesterolemia di Rumah Riset Jamu “Hortus Medicus” Tyas F. Dewi; Ulfatun Nisa
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 8, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Beberapa tahun terakhir ini, terjadi pergeseran pola penyakit dari penyakit menular menjadi penyakit tidak menular, termasuk hiperkolesterolemia. Peningkatan tersebut didukung dengan meningkatnya jumlah kunjungan pasien khususnya pasien hiperkolesterolemia ke Rumah Riset Jamu (RRJ) Hortus Medicus sebagai fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan tradisional pada tahun 2016 sebesar 65% dibandingkan dengan tahun sebelumnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor yang memengaruhi pemilihan pengobatan tradisional tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan studi nonintervensi dengan desain penelitian potong lintang yang dilakukan terhadap 150 responden di RRJ Hortus Medicus pada bulan April–Oktober 2017. Pertanyaan pada kuesioner mengacu kepada teori Ronald Andersen. Responden dikelompokkan berdasarkan frekuensi kunjungan ke RRJ Hortus Medicus yaitu kategori jarang, terkadang, dan sering. Korelasi antara variabel bebas dan variabel terikat (perilaku pemilihan pengobatan) dianalisis menggunakan analisis Chi-Square. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa usia (p=0,000), pekerjaan (p=0,008), waktu tempuh yang dibutuhkan dari rumah ke tempat pengobatan tradisional (p=0,025), pengetahuan tentang pengobatan tradisional (p=0,004), tarif pengobatan tradisional (p=0,011), dan pandangan subjektif responden (p=0,008) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik terhadap perilaku pemilihan pengobatan. Hal ini berarti faktor yang berhubungan pada pemilihan pengobatan tradisional adalah faktor predisposisi pasien (umur, pekerjaan, pengetahuan, waktu tempuh), faktor pendukung (tarif), dan faktor kebutuhan (pandangan subjektif).Kata kunci: Hiperkolesterol, obat tradisional, pemanfaatan pengobatan Factors Related to Traditional Healthcare Utilization at Hypercholesterolemic Patient in Jamu Research Center “Hortus Medicus”AbstractIn recent years, there has been a shift in the pattern of diseases from infectious diseases to non-infectious diseases, including hypercholesterolemia. This shifted was supported by the increasing number of patient visits, especially hypercholesterolemic patients to Jamu Research Center (RRJ) Hortus Medicus as traditional health care facilities in 2016 at 65% compared to the previous year. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the choice of traditional medicine. This study is a non-intervention study with a cross-sectional design conducted on 150 respondents in the RRJ Hortus Medicus in April-October 2017. The questions on the questionnaire refer to Ronald Andersen’s theory. Respondents were grouped based on the frequency of visits to the RR Hortus Medicus, namely: categories rare, sometimes, and often. The correlation between the independent variables and the dependent variable (treatment selection behavior) was analyzed using Chi-Square analysis. The results obtained showed that age (p=0.000), occupation (p=0.008), travel time needed from home to place of traditional medicine (p=0.025), knowledge of traditional medicine (p=0.004), traditional medicine rates (p=0.011), and the perceived opinion of the respondents (p=0.008) has a statistically significant relationship to the behavior of choosing treatment. This means that factors related to the selection of traditional medicine are predisposing factors for patients (age, occupation, knowledge, travel time), supporting factors (rates), and factors of need (perceived opinion).Keywords: Healthcare, herbal medicine, hypercholesterolemia

Antibiotics utilization review in a neonate intensive care unit of a public hospital in Surabaya Felix Hidayat; Adji P. Setiadi; Eko Setiawan
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 8, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Antibiotic is one class of drugs that has been frequently used in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The aim of this study was to identify the profile and to review the cost, appropriateness, and compatibility of antibiotics given to the patients in the NICU of one public hospital in Surabaya during November to December 2015. This was an observational prospective study using medical record as the main source of the data. All of information about eligible patients receiving antibiotics in the NICU was analysed descriptively. There were 32 patients involved in this study. The antibiotics utilization profile consisted of 25 single and 14 combination therapy. Ampicillin and ampicillin-gentamicin were found as the most frequently used in the single and combination therapy, consecutively. From all patients received antibiotics, there were 13 patients had been diagnosed with infections problem and only 2 patients (15.38%) received appropriate antibiotics therapy. The most frequently implemented mode of antibiotics changing strategy was de-escalation i.e. 44.44%. Based on the analysis of compatibility, it was found that there were lots of results of analysis classified as no-information. The average cost of antibiotics per patient was IDR 265,252 (range IDR 16,100 to IDR 2,091,500). There is a need to optimize the use of antibiotics in the NICU in order to minimize the risk of adverse outcomes especially the increased cost and risk of resistance.

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Rizky Abdulah

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Kota bandung,

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