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INDONESIA
Jurnal Farmasi Klinik Indonesia
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 23375701     EISSN : 2337 5701     DOI : -
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Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (IJCP) is a scientific publication on all aspect of clinical pharmacy. It published 4 times a year by Clinical Pharmacy Master Program Universitas Padjadjaran to provide a forum for clinicians, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals to share best practice, encouraging networking and a more collaborative approach in patient care. Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy is intended to feature quality research articles in clinical pharmacy to become scientific guide in fields related to clinical pharmacy. It is a peer-reviewed journal and publishes original research articles, review articles, case reports, commentaries, and brief research communications on all aspects of Clinical Pharmacy. It is also a media for publicizing meetings and news relating to advances in Clinical Pharmacy in the regions.
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Articles 536 Documents
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A Prospective Study of Adverse Drug Reactions in 1 Month–12 Years Old Pediatric Patients Raut, Asawari; Kalrao, Vijay; Rani, Roja; Kumar, Ravi
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 4, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (423.496 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2015.4.1.17

Abstract

Adequate controlled clinical trials in pediatric population, especially in oncology and vaccinations are still insufficient due to ethical considerations. Certain conditions in children in general and in Indian  children in particular, suggested the need for Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) monitoring. Thus this study was aimed to investigate the incidence of ADRs in pediatric populations. A prospective spontaneous reporting study was conducted over a period of six months from October 2012 to March 2013 in pediatric inpatients ward of Bharati Hospital in Pune. Reported ADRs were assessed for its causality by using WHO causality assessment scale, and its severity by using Hart wig Severity Scale. A total of 107 suspected ADRs were reported and evaluated from 54 patients, showing an overall incidence of 4.75%. Incidence rate of ADRs during hospitalization was 4.13%, while ADRs induced hospitalization was 0.62%. The gastrointestinal system (48.59%) was the most affected, and antibiotics was the most common the drug class associated to ADRs. In term of causality, 55.14% of the reactions were classified as possible, while in term of severity, 64.49% were classified as moderate. Most patients (60.75%) recovered from the incidence. Although the prevalence and severity of ADRs in pediatrics populations is reported to be higher than those of in adults, the incidence of ADRs in our study was only 4.75% which is lower than those of reported in adults, this may due to the spontaneous reporting system that used in this study.Keywords: Adverse drug reaction, causality, prospective spontaneous reporting system, severity Studi Prospektif Reaksi Obat yang Merugikan pada Pasien Anak 1 Bulan–12 TahunUji klinik pada anak khususnya onkologi dan vaksinasi masih kurang memadai karena pertimbangan aspek etik. Kondisi tertentu pada anak secara umum dan khususnya di India memerlukan pemantauan Rekasi Obat yang Merugikan (ROM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui insidensi ROM pada pasien anak. Studi pelaporan spontan prospektif dilakukan selama enam bulan pada Oktober 2012–Maret 2013 di bangsal anak Rumah Sakit Bharati di Pune. ROM yang dilaporkan dinilai kausalitasnya dengan WHO causality assessment dan keparahan dengan skala Wig Hart Severity. Sebanyak 107 suspek ROM dilaporkan dan dievaluasi dari 54 pasien menunjukkan insidensi sebesar 4,75%. Tingkat kejadian ROM selama rawat inap sebesar 4,13% sementara ROM yang menyebabkan pasien dirawat inap sebesar 0,61%. Sistem pencernaan (48,5%) paling sering dilaporkan dan antibiotik sebagai obat yang berasosiasi dengan ROM. Berdasarkan kausalitas, 55,14% reaksi obat diklasifikasikan possible (55,14%) sementara dalam aspek kepaharahan, 64,49% diklasifikasikan moderat. Mayoritas pasien sembuh dari ROM (60,75%). Prevalensi dan keparahan ROM pada anak dilaporkan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dewasa, akan tetapi insiden ROM pada penelitian ini hanya 4,75% yang lebih rendah daripada yang dilaporkan pada orang dewasa, dimungkinkan karena penelitian ini merupakan sistem pelaporan spontan.Kata kunci: Causality, keparahan, reaksi obat yang merugikan, sistem pelaporan spontan prospektif
Human Interferon Alpha2a as Anti Hepatitis B and C Ningrum, Ratih A.
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 6, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1855.683 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2017.6.4.298

Abstract

Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver mainly caused by hepatitis viruses. There are 5 different types of hepatitis based on the infecting virus; A, B, C, D and E. Hepatitis B and C are chronic diseases that potentially develop into hepatocarcinoma and cirrhosis on unappropriate treatments. World Health Organization (WHO) stated that currently 350 million people worldwide are living with chronic hepatitis B and 150 million people are living with Hepatitis C. The mortality rate in the world due to hepatitis is about 1.5 million people per year. The human interferon alpha2a (hIFNα2a) is a therapeutic protein used as therapeutic protein for hepatitis B and C. This review discusses the hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses, mechanisms of hIFNα2a as antivirus through signal transduction pathway and improvement of hIFNα2a properties by protein modification. The application of recombinant hIFNα2a (rhIFNα2a) in the treatment of hepatitis B and C that recommended by European Association for The Study of Liver (EASL) and the viral resistance mechanism are also included. The status of hepatitis B and C and the development of rhIFNα2a is also described as well.Keywords: Antiviral, hepatitis, human interferon alpha2a, protein modification, viral resistance Protein Interferon Alfa-2a Manusia sebagai Anti Hepatitis B dan CHepatitis merupakan kondisi inflamasi pada hati yang terutama disebabkan oleh virus hepatitis. Berdasarkan tipe virus yang menginfeksi, terdapat lima jenis penyakit hepatitis yaitu A, B, C, D dan E. Hepatitis B dan C merupakan penyakit kronis yang berpotensi menjadi kanker hati dan sirosis jika tidak ditangani dengan baik. World Health Organization (WHO) menyatakan bahwa saat ini terdapat 350 juta orang yang terinfeksi hepatitis B dan 150 juta orang terinfeksi hepatitis C di seluruh dunia. Angka kematian yang disebabkan hepatitis mencapai 1,5 juta orang per tahun. Protein interferon alfa-2a manusia (hIFNα2a) adalah protein terapeutik yang digunakan sebagai obat hepatitis B dan C. Review ini mendiskusikan mengenai virus hepatitis B (HBV) dan C (HCV), mekanisme hIFNα2a sebagai antivirus melalui sistem transduksi sinyal dan peningkatan sifat hIFNα2a melalui modifikasi protein. Review ini juga membahas aplikasi bentuk rekombinan hIFNα2a (rhIFNα2a) dalam penanganan hepatitis B dan C yang direkomendasikan oleh European Association for The Study of Liver (EASL) dan mekanisme resistensi virus. Status hepatitis B dan C serta perkembangan rhIFNα2a juga didiskusikan lebih lanjut.Kata kunci: Antivirus, hepatitis, interferon alfa-2a manusia, modifikasi protein, resistensi virus
Analisis Risiko Reaksi Obat yang Tidak Dikehendaki pada Pasien Lanjut Usia di Rumah Sakit Umum Surabaya Herawati, Fauna; Utomo, Andri
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 5, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (493.815 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2016.5.2.98

Abstract

Orang lanjut usia memiliki risiko tujuh kali lebih besar mengalami Reaksi Obat yang Tidak Dikehendaki (ROTD) dibandingkan dengan orang yang lebih muda. Penelitian yang dilakukan di rumah sakit di Irlandia melaporkan bahwa kejadian ROTD pada pasien lanjut usia sebesar 26%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat tingkat risiko ROTD dan jenis obat yang digunakan pada pasien lanjut usia rawat inap di RSUD Dr. Moh. Soewandhie Surabaya Periode November–Desember 2014 dengan alat Gerontonet Score dan kriteria Screening Tool of Older People’s Prescriptions (STOPP). Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang dengan jumlah responden 42 orang. Gerontonet score dan kriteria STOPP digunakan untuk melihat tingkat risiko dan jenis obat yang dapat meningkatkan ROTD. Gerontonet score terdiri dari 6 variabel (≥4 comorbid, gagal jantung, gangguan liver, jumlah obat, riwayat ROTD, dan gangguan ginjal); skor ≥4 menunjukkan pasien yang berisiko tinggi mengalami ROTD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel yang paling banyak menentukan skor adalah GFR ≤60 mL/menit/1,73 m2 dan jumlah obat yang diterima pasien; 15 orang memiliki risiko tinggi (skor ≥4) mengalami ROTD; dan 9,7% (6/62) jenis obat yang termasuk dalam kriteria STOPP, yaitu: furosemid, aspirin, digoksin, dan golongan OAINS (diklofenak, ketoprofen, dan meloksikam). Jadi, GFR ≤60 mL/menit/1,73 m2 dan jumlah obat merupakan faktor risiko yang dapat meningkatkan ROTD.Kata kunci: Gerontonet score, kriteria STOPP, lanjut usia, ROTD Analysis of the Risk of Adverse Drug Reaction on Elderly Patients in General Hospital Surabaya Abstract Elderly people have the risk of adverse drug reaction (ADR) seven times as high as the adult ones. A research conducted in one of the hospitals in Ireland reported that the incident of ADR was 26%. The objective of this study was to find out the level of ADR risk and types of drugs used to treat elderly inpatients in Dr. Moh. Soewandhi General Hospital Surabaya for the period of November–Desember 2014 utilizing gerontonet score and Screening Tool of Older People’s Prescriptions (STOPP) criteria. The method of this research is cross sectional with a total of 42 participants. In this study, gerontonet score and STOPP criteria was used to analyze the data in order to determine the level of risk and types of drugs. Gerontonet score consists of 6 variables (>4 comorbid, heart failure, liver disorder, amount of drug, history of ADR, and kidney failure); score of ≥4 at presentation identified that the patient is at high risk of ADR. The result of this study showed the variables that mostly determine score was GFR ≤60 mL/min/1,73 m2; 15 participant at high risk of ADR (≥4); and amount of drugs used for treatments; and 9,7% (6/62) kind of drugs used for treatments was included in STOPP criteria: furosemide, aspirin, digoxin, and NSAID (diclofenac, ketoprofen, and meloxicam). The conclusion of this study showed GFR ≤60 mL/min/1,73 m2 and amount of drugs used for treatments increased the risk of ADR.Key words: ADR, elderly, Gerontonet score, STOPP criteria
Pengaruh Konseling Farmasis terhadap Kepatuhan dan Kontrol Hipertensi Pasien Prolanis di Klinik Mitra Husada Kendal Dewi, Melani; Sari, Ika P.; Probosuseno, Probosuseno
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 4, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (335.447 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2015.4.4.242

Abstract

dalam keberhasilan terapi hipertensi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konseling oleh farmasis terhadap kepatuhan dan hubungan antara kepatuhan dan hasil terapi pasien hipertensi anggota program pengelolaan penyakit kronis (PROLANIS) di Klinik Mitra Husada Kabupaten Kendal. Penelitian dilakukan pada November 2013–Januari 2014 melalui desain eksperimen semu (control group design with pretest posttest). Sebanyak 55 pasien dikelompokkan secara random menjadi kelompok yang memperoleh intervensi konseling (28 pasien) dan kelompok tanpa intervensi atau kontrol (27 pasien). Subjek penelitian diikuti selama dua bulan untuk mengamati tingkat kepatuhan minum obat dengan kuesioner MMAS dan penurunan tekanan darah sebelum dan sesudah konseling. Konseling oleh farmasis menyebabkan tingkat kepatuhan minum obat berubah signifikan pada pasien hipertensi, pasien hipertensi dengan DM, maupun pasien hipertensi dengan penyakit lain (p=0,015; 0,025; 0,009). Tingkat kepatuhan pasien kelompok kontrol sebelum dan setelah penelitian diketahui tidak signifikan (p≥0,05). Pemberian konseling mampu menurunkan tekanan darah sistolik/diastolik sebesar 10,7/8,2 mmHg. Penurunan tekanan darah ini belum menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna jika dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol.Kata kunci: Hipertensi, kepatuhan minum obat, konseling farmasis, penurunan tekanan darahThe Influence of the Pharmacists Counseling on Patient Adherence and Hypertension Control on Patient of Prolanis at Mitra Husada ClinicsPatient adherence and intensive treatment in controlling blood pressure are important factors for achieving success therapy in hypertension. This study was conducted to determine the effect of pharmacist counseling on patient adherence and to determine the relationship of adherence and clinical outcomes of patients with hypertension who is joining chronic disease management program (PROLANIS) on Mitra Husada Clinics in Kendal.The study was conducted during November 2013–January 2014 using quasiexperimental design (pretest-posttest). Fifty five patients were randomly divided into the intervention group who received pharmacist counseling (28 patients) and control group (27 patients). The patients were followed for two months to observe the level of drug adherence using MMAS questionnaires and therapeutic outcomes (decreased blood pressure) before and after counseling. Pharmacist counseling caused a significant increase in the patient adherence on drug administration in intervention group (p<0.05) compared to control group. The reduction of systolic/diastolic blood pressure of hypertension patient in intervention group is higher than control group (SBP/DBP=10.7/8.2 mmHg). However, this reduction does not achieve a significant blood pressure reduction compared to control group.Keywords: Adherence of drug administration, blood pressure reduction, hypertension, pharmacist
Ketepatan Penggunaan Metotreksat pada Pasien Reumatoid Artritis di Rumah Sakit Emanuel Klampok berdasarkan Kriteria Eksplisit Puspitasari, Rizki; Purwonugroho, Tunggul A.; Baroroh, Hanif N.
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 3, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (192.675 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2014.3.3.88

Abstract

Metotreksat (MTX) adalah agen antiinflamasi dan imunosupresan yang menjadi lini pertama terapi reumatoid artritis (RA). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi penggunaan MTX pada pasien RA di Rumah Sakit Emanuel Klampok berdasarkan kriteria indikasi, indikator proses, komplikasi, dan indikator hasil. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif evaluatif menggunakan data rekam medik13 pasien rawat inap dan 27 pasien rawat jalan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ketepatan indikasi 100%. Pasien dengan faktor risiko gangguan GI, hepatotoksik, dan toksisitas bone marrow berturut-turut 35 pasien, 19 pasien, dan 15 pasien. Pemberian MTX dengan dosis tepat sejumlah 32 pasien, dosis tidak tepat dengan ClCr 61–80 mL/menit sejumlah 3 pasien, ClCr 51–60 mL/menit sejumlah 2 pasien, ClCr 10–50 mL/menit sejumlah 1 pasien, dan SGPT >3 nilai normal sejumlah 2 pasien. Interaksi MTX dengan NSAID sejumlah 35 pasien dan dengan agen hepatotoksik sejumlah 19 pasien. Komplikasi terjadi pada 7 pasien berupa gangguan GI dan 1 pasien berupa sirosis. Indikator hasil berupa berkurangnya keluhan klinis seperti nyeri dan kakuterjadi pada 10 pasien dan pasien yang membaik sejumlah 2 pasien. Indikasi penggunaan MTX telah sesuai dengan kriteria sedangkan indikator proses, komplikasi, dan indikator hasil masih belum sesuai.Kata kunci: Metotreksat, reumatoid artritis, Rumah Sakit Emanuel KlampokAccuracy of Methotrexate Use in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients in Emanuel Klampok Hospital based on Explicit CriteriaMethotrexate (MTX) is the first line therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as an antiinflammatory and immunosuppressant agent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of MTX in patients with RA at Emanuel Klampok Hospital based on criteria that include indication, process indicators, complication, and outcome indicators. The medical record from 13 inpatients and 27 outpatients who used MTX were compared with the criteria. The results of this study suggested that all of the patients had appropriately indications to use MTX. Patients with risk factors that lead to GI disorders, hepatotoxicity, and bone marrow toxicity were 35 patients, 19 patients, and 15 patients, respectively. There were 32 patients used MTX with the correct dosage, meanwhile incorrect dosage was showed in 3 patients with ClCr 61–80 mL/minute, 2 patients with ClCr 51–60 mL/minute, 1 patient with ClCr 10–50 mL/minute, and 2 patients with SGPT >3 normal value. The interaction with NSAID was detected in 35 patients and the interaction with hepatotoxicity agents in 19 patients. Complication occurred in 7 patients with effects that occur were GI disorders and 1 patient with chirrosis. There were 10 patients with clinical complaints reduced and 2 patients with the better condition. This study suggested that in Emanuel Klampok Hospital, MTX was appropriately use regarding to indication, however, it still not appropriate regarding to process indicators, complication, and outcome indicators.Key words: Emanuel Klampok Hospital, methotrexate, rheumatoid arthritis
Study of Pre and Post Supplementation Green Tea Extracts to MDA Levels Goenawan, Hanna; Lesmana, Ronny; Huda, Fathul; Baniasih, Akbar I.; Farenia, Reni; Purba, Ambrosius
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (625.104 KB)

Abstract

High intensity exercise (HI) induces oxidative stress. Running for 2400 meters is one of the simple exercise form which can be counted as HI. During HI, increase of oxygen consumption happened in muscle cell resulted in an increase of oxidant level. The aim of the study was to measure the effects of Indonesian green tea supplementation, before and after HI to the level of lipid peroxidation (TBARSMalonyldialdehyde (MDA)). The subjects of study were 42 male students from Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran (FMUP) and Faculty of Physical Exercise, Indonesia University of Education (FPOK-UPI). The subjects were divided into trained and untrained subject. Subjects were divided into groups using Astrand Harvard step test. The purpose of this test was measuring the level of VO2 max. Blood samples for MDA level were collected at 3 hours before and after high intensity aerobic  exercise. Oxidative stress was induced by 2400 meters run. The result showed that green tea supplement-ation was effective to decrease MDA plasma level especially after exercise. Green tea could serve as natural antioxidant resources, which potentially can be used as potential sport supplemental drink.Key words: Aerobic exercise, Malonyldialdehyde (MDA), pre and post exerciseStudi Pra dan Pasca Pemberian Suplemen Ekstrak Teh Hijauterhadap Kadar MDAHigh intensity exercise (HI) dapat menginduksi stres oksidatif. Berlari sejauh 2400 meter merupakan salah satu bentuk latihan sederhana yang dapat digolongkan sebagai HI. Selama HI, konsumsi oksigen pada sel otot meningkat yang dapat menyebabkan peningkatan kadar oksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk mengukur efek dari suplemen teh hijau Indonesia sebelum dan setelah HI terhadap kadar lipid peroksida (TBARS-Malonyldialdehyde (MDA)). Subjek penelitian ini adalah 42 mahasiswa laki-laki dari Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran dan Fakultas Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan,Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. Subjek penelitian dibagi ke dalam kelompok terlatih dan tidak terlatih dengan menggunakan cara pengujian Astrand Harvard. Tes ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kadar VO2 max. Sampel darah untuk kadar MDA diambil 3 jam sebelum dan setelah high intensity aerobic exercise. Stres oksidatif diinduksi dengan berlari sejauh 2400 meter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suplemen teh hijau efektif dalam menurunkan kadar MDA dalam plasma khususnya setelah berlari. Teh hijau dapat menjadi sumber antioksidan alami yang berpotensi sebagai minuman suplemen olahraga.Kata kunci: Aerobic exercise, Malonyldialdehyde (MDA), sebelum dan setelah berlari
Analisis Penggunaan Antimikroba Parenteral pada Pasien Infeksi Saluran Kemih di Bangsal Penyakit Dalam RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Ramadheni, Putri; Tobat, Sanubari R.; Zahro, Fatimatu
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 5, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (703.121 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2016.5.3.184

Abstract

 Infeksi saluran kemih (ISK) merupakan salah satu penyakit infeksi yang memiliki prevalensi cukup tinggi. Berdasarkan data rekam medis RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang pada tahun 2013, terdapat pasien ISK sebanyak 273 orang. Tujuan penelitan ini adalah untuk menganalisis rasionalitas terapi antimikroba parenteral serta pengelolaannya di bangsal penyakit dalam RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional menggunakan data prospektif pada bulan April sampai Juni 2015 di bangsal penyakit dalam. Kriteria inklusi yaitu pasien ISK dewasa (>18 tahun), dirawat di bangsal penyakit dalam RSUP dr. M. Djamil, serta mendapatkan terapi antimikroba parenteral. Hasil analisis penggunaan antimikroba parenteral menunjukkan bahwa antibiotik sefalosporin generasi III paling banyak digunakan (79,16%) serta dikombinasi dengan quinolon, flukonazol, dan metronidazol. Hasil analisis rasionalitas memperlihatkan bahwa terapi telah tepat indikasi, tepat pasien, tepat obat, dan tepat obat dan penggunaannya (94,7%). Pada proses pengelolaan sediaan antimikroba parenteral ditemukan bahwa penyimpanannya telah tepat, namun proses rekonstitusi belum memenuhi teknik aseptis serta prosedur yang telah ditetapkan oleh Departemen Kesehatan tahun 2009. Penggunaan antimikroba parenteral pada pasien ISK di RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang telah rasional, namun proses rekonstitusinya belum memenuhi prosedur yang ditetapkan oleh Depkes tahun 2009.Kata kunci: Antimikroba, ISK, parenteral, rasionalitas Analysis of Parenteral Antimicrobial Usage in Patients with Urinary Tract Infection at dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital Urinary tract infection (UTI) has a high prevalence in dr. M. Djamil Padang hospital in the year of 2013. Based on the Medical Record Data, there were 273 patients with UTI. The purpose of the study was to analyse the rationality of parental antimicrobial preparation use and management. This prospective observasional study used data from April to June 2015 in internal medicine wards. The inclusion criteria include UTI adult patients (>18 years), were treated at the department of internal medicine ward dr. M. Djamil hospital, as well as parenteral antimicrobial therapy. Results of the statistical analysis showed that the use of antimicrobial parenteral used of third generation cephalosporin antibiotik most widely used was (79.16%) and in combination with quinolones, fluconazole, and metronidazole. Results of the analysis showed that the therapy, patient, frequency, dosage and precise method of drug administration was (100%) duration of therapy was (94,7%) appropriate. As for the process management of parenteral antimicrobial preparations was found that the storage was right, but the reconstitution process has not complied with the procedures established by the Ministry of Health in 2009. The use of parenteral antimicrobial in patients with UTIs at dr. M. Djamil Padang hospital has been rational, but the reconstitution process is not appropriate the procedures established by the Ministry of Health in 2009.Keywords: Antimicrobial, parenteral, rationality, UTI
Kualitas Hidup Pasien Kanker Payudara dengan Terapi Kombinasi Fluorouracil, Doxorubicin, dan Cyclofosfamide Agustini, Dewi D.; Surahman, Emma; Abdulah, Rizky
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 4, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (514.775 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2015.4.3.175

Abstract

Pengobatan pada kanker payudara dengan kemoterapi kombinasi Fluorouracil, Doxorubicin, dan Cyclofosfamide (FAC) menimbulkan perbedaan kualitas hidup pasien yang penting untuk diketahui karena dapat menunjang keefektifan pengobatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur perbedaan dan mengetahui dimensi yang memengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien kanker payudara dari setiap siklus kemoterapi di RS Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan pedekatan potong lintang. Sebanyak 200 pasien kanker payudara dipilih secara purposive dan dipisahkan berdasarkan siklus terapi. Penilaian kualitas hidup dilakukan secara multidimensional menggunakan instrumen EORTC QLQ (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire) C30 dan BR23. Analisis data dihitung menggunakan uji t independen dan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan kualitas hidup yang sangat signifikan antara skala fungsi QLQ-C30 baseline dengan terapi ke-5, skala gejala QLQ-C30 baseline dengan terapi ke-5, skala fungsi QLQ-BR23 baseline dengan terapi ke-1, 2, 3, 4, dan 5, skala gejala QLQ-BR23 baseline dengan terapi ke-4, kemudian perbedaan signifikan antara skala gejala QLQ-BR23 baseline denganterapi ke-1, 3, dan 5. Dimensi yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kualitas hidup adalah fungsi sosial, mual dan muntah, gangguan pernapasan, gangguan tidur, dan kesulitan keuangan.Kata kunci: BR23, EORTC QLQ C30, kanker payudara, kualitas hidupQuality of Life Patients with Breast Cancer Therapy Combination Fluorouracil, Doxorubicin, and CyclofosfamideTreatment of breast cancer with combination chemotherapy Florouracil, doxorubicin, and Cyclofosfamide (FAC) lead to differences in the quality of life of patients is important to know because it can support the effectiveness of patient treatment. The aim of the study was to measure the difference and know the dimensions that affect the quality of life of breast cancer patients from each cycle of chemotherapy in Hasan Sadikin Hospital. This research is an observational analytic cross sectional approach. A sample of 200 breast cancer patients who were selected purposively and separated based on cycles of therapy. Assessment of quality of life of patients is done using a multidimensional instrument EORTC QLQ (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire) C30 and BR23. Data analysis was calculated using independent t test and linear regression. The results showed that there are differences in quality of life is very significant between QLQ-C30 functioning scale baseline with treatment 5, the QLQ-C30 symptom scale baseline therapy 5th, QLQ-BR23 function scale baseline with therapy 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th, QLQ-BR23 symptoms scale baseline with therapy 4th, then a significant difference between scale symptoms of QLQ-BR23 baseline therapy with the 1st, 3rd, and 5th. Dimensions have a significant effect on quality of life is a social function, nausea and vomiting, dyspnea, sleep disorders and financial difficulties.Key words: BR23, breast cancer, EORTC QLQ C30, quality of life
Pengaruh Pengobatan ARV terhadap Peningkatan Limfosit Pasien HIV-AIDS di Rumah Sakit Pemerintah Kota Palu Ruterlin, Valen; Tandi, Joni
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (745.423 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2014.3.1.30

Abstract

 Berdasarkan laporan unit rekam medik sebuah rumah sakit pemerintah di Kota Palu periode Januari–Agustus 2010 terdapat 12 pasien yang didiagnosis sebagai positif HIV-AIDS. Etiologi penyakit ini ditandai dengan berat badan menurun, diare kronik yang berlangsung lebih dari 1 bulan, demam berkepanjangan lebih dari 1 bulan, infeksi saluran pernapasan bagian bawah yang parah atau menetap. HIV-AIDS merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh retrovirus yang menyerang sel darah putih (limfosit) sehingga menurunkan sistem kekebalan tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengobatan antiretroviral (ARV) pada peningkatan limfosit di rumah sakit pemerintah Kota Palu. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan secara retrospektif pada Januari–Juni 2013 dan analisis hasil data menggunakan metode deskriptif nonparametik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan terhadap limfosit dengan kombinasi obat staviral (NRTI), efavirenz (NNRTI), dan duviral (NRTI), hiviral (NRTI), neviral (NNRTI) pada pasien awat jalan yang positif HIV-AIDS. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ARV berpengaruh pada peningkatan limfosit sehingga akan meningkatkan sistem kekebalan tubuh pasien HIV-AIDS.Kata kunci: Antiretroviral (ARV), HIV-AIDS, sel limfositMedicational Influence of ARV with Increasing Limfosit of HIV-AIDS’s Patient at Public Hospital in PaluBased on medical records of a public hospital in Palu period January to August 2010, there were 12 patients who diagnosed HIV-AIDS positive. The etiology of the disease is characterized by weight loss, chronic diarrhea more than one month, fever more than one month, lower respiratory tract infections are severe or persistence. HIV-AIDS is a disease caused by a retrovirus that attacks white blood cells (lymphocytes), which decreasing the immune system. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of antiretroviral treatment (ARV) with increasing lymphocytes at a public hospital in Palu. Data were collected and retrospective analysis were conducted using a nonparametik descriptive method during January–Juny 2013. The results showed that there was a significant increasing on the white blood cells lymphocytes) with a combination of drugs staviral (NRTIs), efavirenz (NNRTI), and combivir (NRTIs), hiviral (NRTIs), neviral (NNRTIs) in outpatient with HIV-AIDS positive. It can be concluded that theeffect on the increase in ARV lymphocytes will increase the immune system of patients with HIV-AIDS.Key words: Antiretroviral (ARV), HIV-AIDS, limphocyte cells
Studi Nilai AgNOR dan MIB-1 pada Kanker Payudara yang Ditangani dengan Operasi Kurnia, Iin; Soetrisno, Esti; Yulian, Erwin D.; Ramli, Irwan; Alatas, Zubaidah
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 1, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1011.587 KB)

Abstract

AgNOR dan MIB-1 adalah marker proliferasi sel kanker payudara yang berguna sebagai dasar pemberian radioterapi setelah operasi. Penetapan nilai AgNOR dan indeks MIB-1 dilakukan dengan teknik pewarnaan dan teknik pewarnaan imunohistokimia MIB-1 terhadap 25 sediaan mikroskopik jaringan kanker payudara dari penderita hasil operasi, dan dikelompokkan berdasarkan derajat diferensiasinya menjadi 3 kelompok sediaan berderajat diferensiasi baik (G1), 16 sediaan berderajat diferensiasi menengah (G2), dan 6 sediaan berderajat diferensiasi buruk (antara G2 dan G3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai AgNOR dan indeks MIB-1 cenderung meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya derajat diferensiasi. Terdapat pula kecendrungan korelasi positif antara nilai AgNOR dan indeks MIB-1 (r =0,21) pada seluruh derajat diferensiasi, terdapat korelasi negatif antara AgNOR dan MIB-1 pada G1 (r=-0,97), korelasi positif pada G2 (r=0,36) serta korelasi positif antara G2 dan G3 (r=0,33). Korelasi positif antara AgNOR dan MIB-1 terkait dengan peningkatan fase G1, S dan G2 pada sel yang berproliferasi dan peningkatan jumlah sel yang mengalami mitosis. Korelasi negatif disebabkan oleh perbedaan proporsi antara sel yang berada pada fase G1, S dan G2 dengan yang sedang bermitosisKata kunci: Kanker payudara, AgNOR, MIB-1, operasi Study of AgNOR Value and MIB-1 in Breast CancerTreated With Surgery AbstractAgNOR and MIB-1 are marker for breast cancer cell proliferation and can be use as based for radiotherapytreatment after surgery. Value of AgNOR and MIB-1 index were determined using staining and immunohistochemistry staining method respectively from 25 of microscopic slides of breast cancer tissue patients with surgery, and grouped based on degree of differentiation, 3 slides were good degree (G1), 16 slides were medium degree (G2) and 6 slides were poor degree (between G2 and G3). The result shown that the value of AgNOR and MIB-1 index were tended to increase with the increased differentiation degree. There was a positive correlation between the value of AgNOR and index of MIB-1 in all group of differentiation degree (r = 0.21), there is a negative correlation between AgNOR and MIB-1 on G1 (r =-0,97), positive correlation in G2 (r = 0.36) as well as positive correlation between G2 and G3 (r = 0.33). The positive correlation between AgNOR and MIB-1 were associated to the increased of G1, S and G2 phase in the proliferation cell and an increase of cells undergoing mitosis. The negative correlation were caused by the different cell proportion in G1, S and G2 phase, and undergoing mitotis.Key words: Breast cancer, AgNOR, MIB-1, surgery

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