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INDONESIA
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
ISSN : 18296971     EISSN : 24604461     DOI : 10.20543
Core Subject : Engineering,
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik (Journal of Leather, Rubber, and Plastics) publishes original research focused on materials, processes, and waste management in the field of leather, rubber, and plastics.
Articles 781 Documents
Pengaruh cara pengawetan terhadap sifat fisis kulit kelinci rex berbulu Widari Widari
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 9, No 18 (1994): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1119.955 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v9i18.418

Abstract

This experiment was done to compare the preservation (curing) method of for Rex rabbit skin on their physical properties tensile strength, tear strength and stick-tear strength. The raw material used in this experiment were 36 pieces rabbit skin. The skins devided in to three curing methods were salted, dry salted and combination dry salted and poison each nine pieces respectively. Nine pieces for uncured/fresh skins used as control. The cured and uncured skins were than processed as finished leather. The physical properties of cured finish leather were analyzed and compare with physical properties of uncured leather. The physical properties of uncured leather had better quality compared than cured leather. INTISARI Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terhadap sifat fisis (kekuatan tarik, kekuatan sobek dan kekuatan jahit) kulit kelinci Rex berbulu. Materi yang digunakan adalah kulit kelinci Rex sebanyak 36 lembar, terdiri dari 9 lembar kulit awet kering menggunakan racun dan 9 lembar kulit segar sebagai kontrol. Dari pengujian fisis terhadap kulit jadinya diperoleh hasil bahwa kulit jadi yang berasal dari kulit segar kualitasnya lebih baik dibandingkan kulit yang mengalami proses pengawetan.
Penelitian penggunaan resin epoksi untuk membuat landasan potong pon Dwi Wahini Nurhajati; Pramono Pramono; Supriyanto B Supriyanto B; Supriyadi Supriyadi
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 12, No 24 (1997): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (580.856 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v12i24.307

Abstract

Application of epoxy resin to make specimen punching pad was studied. The specimen punching pad compound was made from epoxy resin, CaCO3 as filler, colour paste, and hardener. The compound was moulded in to specimen punching and moulding by casting moulding during 24 hours. Physical test result of the compound saw that compound which it consist of epoxy resin : 100 parts, CaCO3 : 20 parts, hardener : 100 parts, colour paste : 1 required, has physical property like the physical property of the imported specimen punching pad. Presence of CaCO3 as filler caused the specimen punching pad surface which it punched by cutter became brittle.   INTISARI Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang penggunaam resin epoksi untuk membuat landasan potong pon. Kompon landasan potong pon dibuat dari resin epoksi, CaCO3 sebagai filler , pewarna dan hardener. Kompon dicetak dalam landasan potong pon menggunakan sistim tuang dengan waktu pencetakan selama 24 jam. Hasil uji sifat fisis menunjukan bahwa kompon berisi resin epoksi : 100 bagian, pewarna : sesuai kebutuhan, mempunyai sifat fisis yang menyerupai sifat fisis landasan potong pon impor. Adanya CaCO3 sebagai filler menyebabkan permukaan landasan potong yang terkena pisau potong menjadi rapuh.
Penelitian penggunaan minarex sebagai plasticizer untuk pembuatan kompon slang PVC Niken Karsiati; Sunarso Sunarso; Hernadi Surip
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 10, No 19 (1995): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1081.421 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v10i19.437

Abstract

The objective of the research is to find out the maximum quantity of Minarex as plasticizer which can be added in making compound PVC hose which fulfills the requirements of JIS K. 6771-77 “Flexible Vinyl Tube. Materials used are PVC resin added by additives, i.e DOP, BaCdZn, Stearic Acid, dyes and Minarex as DOP substitution. They all must be mixed and feed to two roll mill homogenizing. Temperature of operational is within 50-800C, roll speed is approximately 10 and 8,6 rpm. Then the compound is moulded into slab form using hydraulic press machine at 1700C, pressure 150 kg/cm2for 10 minutes. The slab is tested its physical properties including tensile strength, elongation at break, tensile strength after accelerated aging, and also observed organoleptically. Based on the research, compound with Minarex substitution 10 parts still conform to JIS K. 6771-77 and the appearance is good.   INTISARI Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah maksimum minarex yang dapat ditambahkan pada pembuatan kompon slang PVC yang memenuhi persyaratan JIS K 6771-77 “Flexible Vinyl Tube”. Bahan baku yang digunakan adalah resin PVC ditambah dengan bahan pembantu DOP, Ba Cd Zn, Asam Stearat, Zat warna dan minarex sebagai bahan substitusi DOP. Semua bahn dicampur dengan mixer kemudian dilanjutkan dengan mesin two roll mill, supaya bahan dapat tercampur homogen. Suhu operasi antara 50 – 800C, dan kecepatan roll masing-masing 10 rpm dan 8,6 rpm. Setelah itu kompon dicetak dengan hydraulic press pada suhu 1700C, tekanan 150 kg/cm2 dan waktu 10 menit. Hasilnya berupa slab yang kemudian diuji terhadap sifat fisikanya yang meliputi tegangan putus, perpanjangan putus, perubahan tegangan putus setelah pengusangan, perubahan perpanjangan putus setelah pengusangan dan juga dilakukan pengamatan secara organoleptis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompon dengan jumlah substitusi minarex sebesar 10 bagian masih memenuhi persyaratan JIS K 6771-77 dan kenampakan komponnya baik. 
Photokopolimerisasi monomer akrilat degan kulit kras sapi Dwi Wahini Nurhajati; Agustin Suraswati; Kadarijah Kadarijah; Made Sumarti
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 12, No 23 (1997): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (635.015 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v12i23.353

Abstract

The research on photocopolymerization of acrylate monomer with cow crust hide had object to observe the resulted copolymer onto cow crust hide. Crust hides, saturated with aqueous emulsions containing 25 wt % of n-butyl acrylate (n-BA) or tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA) were irradiated by cobalt – 60 gamma rays with doses ranges from 5 to 25 kGy. The irradiated hides were washed with water, dried in air and extracted in soxhlet apparatus for 48 hours to remove homopolymer. The highest yield of photocopolymerization of n – butyl acrylate monomer with crust hides was found 17,7878% at dose 25 kGy, and for photocopolymerization of tripropylene glycol diacrylate with crust hides was found 39,4245% at dose 20 kGy. INTISARI Penelitian photokopolymerisasi monomer akrilat dengan kulit kras sapi bertujuan untuk mengetahui banyaknya kopolimer yang dihasilkan didalam kulit kras sapi. Kulit kras yang sudah dijenuhkan dengan emulsi n – butyl akrilat atau tripropilena glikol diakrilat dalam air dengan konsentrasi monomer 25% berat, diiradiasi dengan sinar gamma kobalt – 60 dengan dosis yang bervariasi dari 5 sampai 25 kGy. Kulit yang sudah diradiasi dicuci dengan air, dikeringkan di udara dan diekstraksi dalam peralatan soxhlet selama 48 jam untuk menghilangkan homopolimer. Hasil tertinggi dari photokopolimerisasi monomer n – butyl akrilat dengan kulit dicapai pada dosis 25 kGy yaitu sebesar 17,7878%, dan untuk photokopolimerisasi monomer tripropilena glikol diakrilat dengan kulit dicapai pada dosis 20 kGy sebesar 39,4245%.
Analisis sifat fisika pemanfaatan pati tandan kosong sawit dan limbah plastik LDPE sebagai bahan pembuatan plastik biodegradabel Tengku Rachmi Hidayani; Elda Pelita; Gusfiyesi Gusfiyesi
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 33, No 1 (2017): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (679.695 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v33i1.2202

Abstract

This research aimed to overcome the issue of plastic packaging waste that accumulates in nature because synthetic polymers cannot be easily unraveled by bacteria. Biodegradable plastics were produced by mixing waste of plastics of the low density polyethylene (LDPE) with starch of empty palm fruit bunches, modified with the addition of maleic anhydride as a crosslinking agent. To produce biodegradable plastics, different compositions of LDPE waste, starch of empty palm fruit bunch, maleic anhydride, and benzoyl peroxide were used, namely (90: 10: 1: 1), (80: 20: 1: 1), (70: 30: 1: 1), and (60: 40: 1: 1). Research stages consisted of extraction of starch from palm empty fruit bunch (PEFB); preparation of biodegradable plastic powder with the reflux method and xylene solvents; and making of biodegradable plastics using the press molding method. Based on the results of characterization, it was revealed that the optimum condition was generated by biodegradable plastics with the composition of LDPE waste, starch of empty palm bunches, maleic anhydride, and benzoyl peroxide was equal to 60: 40: 1: 1, which generated the tensile strength value of 6.9410 N/m2, the elongation at break of 3.1875%, the the melting point temperature of 103oC, and the decomposition temperature of 384oC. Besides, the thermal gravimetric test generated a residue of 12.6% and results of the analysis on morphological properties suggested that the starch distributed evenly.Keywords: Biodegradable plastics, LDPE waste, LDPE-g-MA, starch, palm empty fruit bunch.
The utilization of sodium lignosulphonate extracted from Egyptian rice straw in leather tanning process Ahmed Ibrahim Nasr; Mohamed Gaber Taha; Hany Y Yosef; Mohamed A El-Shaer
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 33, No 2 (2017): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1213.188 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v33i2.3018

Abstract

Massive quantities of rice straw are burned annually in Egypt and caused environmental hazards. The present study investigated the utilization of rice straw to produce sodium lignosulphonate (SLS) as a water-soluble derivative of lignin in leather tanning and evaluate its usage as a tanning or re-tanning material as well as its effect on leather quality. The results of testing SLS as a leather tanning agent were unsatisfactory due to its slight effect on shrinkage temperature of leathers, unlike its use as a re-tanning material. Four concentrations of SLS (0%, 5%, 10%, and 20%) were used in re-tanning forty of sheep wet-blues. The results showed that using SLS as a re-tanning agent with concentration till 10% from pelts weight enhances some organoleptic properties, such as fullness and general appearance together with slight improvement in physical properties of leathers. Moreover, the addition of SLS with concentration 20% led to an excessive swelling in the collagen fibers as shown from depicted scanning electron micrographs and decreased trends of physical properties.
Pengaruh penggunaan pankreas sapi dan dua jenis bahan penyamak terhadap kualitas fisik kulit skrotum kambing Titik Purwati Widowati; Agustini Suwarastuti; Amad Budi P
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 19, No 1 (2003): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1581.956 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v19i1.246

Abstract

The pancreas of cow was applied as bating agent for wet-salted scrotum skins of goat. The bated skins were then applied with vetetable tanning, chrome-agent and the combination of both agents. The tanned skins were analyzed their tensile strength and elasticity. The results showed that there were significant differencis on those parameters. The tensile strength and elasticity of chrome tanned, vegetable tanned, and the combination of chrome and vegetable tanned-skins were 107,75 kg/cm2 and 100,5%; 56,83 kg/cm2 and 27,83 %;  and 52,28 kg/cm2 and 55,67% respectively. The tensile strength and elasticity of tanned skins indicated a tendency to increase when the concentration of cow pancreas was increased up to 1.5 % and decreased when the concentration reaches 2 % for chrome tanned skins.  Keywords :  cow pancreas, goat scrotum skin, vegetable tanning, chrome tanning.  
Effect of vulcanization system and carbon black on mechanical and swelling properties of EPDM blends Hesty Eka Mayasari; Arum Yuniari
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 32, No 1 (2016): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1103.641 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v32i1.706

Abstract

EPDM (Ethylene propylene diene monomer) is one of synthetic rubber that widely used in automotive. It must be vulcanized and added by other materials before used. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of vulcanization system and the addition of carbon black (CB) to the mechanical properties and swelling characteristic of EPDM. This research used three vulcanization system, conventional vulcanization (CV), efficient vulcanization (EV) and semi-efficient vulcanization (SEV) with the variation of carbon black 50, 60, 70 phr (per hundred resin). This research showed that EV system resulted faster vulcanization time and lower delta torque than SEV and CV systems. This system also performed the highest tensile strength, elongation, and tear strength, while SEV system resulted the highest hardness. Furthermore, the conventional vulcanization system resulted the lowest swelling index.
Penelitian pengaruh pemakaian filler carbon black dalam jumlah bervariasi terhadap sifat tegangan putus dan pampatan tetap bantalan karet untuk dermaga Hadi Musthofa
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 9, No 18 (1994): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1009.796 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v9i18.423

Abstract

The objective of the researc is to know the influence of carbon black as filler of the properties tensile strength and compression deflection for dock vender. The research was done by using standarcompound for dock vender in which the carbon black as filler was varied at 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, and 70 parts for every 100 parts of natural rubber. Statistical analysis  paint out that there is no significant deferences. The application carbon black 45 parts will give the best compound with the tensile strength 19,22 N/mm2 and compression set deflection 6,67%. INTISARIPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bahan pengisi carbon  black terhadap sifat tegangan putus dan pampatan tetap untuk batalan karet dermaga. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memvariasi jumlah carbon black yang ditambahkan ke dalam kompon standar dengan variasi 48, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65 dan 70 bagian pada setiap 100 bagian karet. Analisa statistik menunjukkan bahwa sifat tegangan putus dan pampatan tetap tidak berbeda nyata, hasil uji terbaik dengan jumlah karbon black 45 bagian dengan memberikan tegangan putus 19,22 N/mm2, pampatan tetap 6,67%.   
Pengaruh jumlah Cr2O3 terhadap kelemasan kulit atasan sepatu dari kulit biawak finish natural Muchtar Lutfie; Widhiati Widhiati; Esti Rahayu
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 12, No 22 (1996): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (798.736 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v12i22.340

Abstract

The study is aimed at detecting the amount of Cr2O3 in percent added in the tanning of lizard skins for natural finished shoe upper leather. The materials used in this study are 36 pieces of dry preservated lizard skins which are tanned to natural finished shoe upper leather, while the tanning  agent used are Cr2O3 that added in veried amount as 0,5 %; 1,0 %; 1,5 % and 15 % Basyntan DLX. Using varian’s analysis, it is found that there is a significant difference in the softness of the leather caused by the amount of Cr2O3 added. The use of 1,5% Cr2O3 obviously shows the best result.   INTISARI   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah Cr2O3 (%) yang digunakan pada penyamakan kulit biawak untuk kulit atasan sepatu finish natural. Dengan menggunakan 36 lembar kulit biawak yang diawet kering diproses untuk kulit jadi untuk kulit atasan sepatu dengan finish natural. Bahan penyamak yang digunakan adalah Cr2O3 dengan variasi 0,5 %; 1,0 %, 1,5 % serta 15 % Basyntan DLX. Dengan menggunakan analisa varias’s ternyata didapatkan ada beda sangat nyata kelemasan akibat pengaruh perbedaan jumlah Cr2O3 yang diberikan. Penggunaan 1,5 % Cr2O3 adalah jumlah yang terbaik. 

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