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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan
Published by Kementerian Perindustrian Republik Indonesia
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Core Subject : Science,
Chemistry
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Articles 568 Documents
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Indeks JKK Vol.40 No.2 Okt 2018 JKK Editor
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Vol. 40 No. 2 Oktober 2018
Publisher : Balai Besar Kimia dan Kemasan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (14.398 KB) | DOI: 10.24817/jkk.v40i2.4323

Abstract

Pengaruh Proses Pemutihan Multi Tahap Serat Selulosa Dari Limbah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Athanasia Amanda Septevani; Dian Burhani; Sudiyarmanto Sudiyarmanto
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Vol. 40 No. 2 Oktober 2018
Publisher : Balai Besar Kimia dan Kemasan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (198.8 KB) | DOI: 10.24817/jkk.v40i2.3508

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kandungan selulosa limbah tandan kosong kelapa sawit melalui proses bertahap delignifikasi NaOH dilanjutkan dengan pemutihan menggunakan NaClO2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan selulosa limbah tandan kosong kelapa sawit berhasil ditingkatkan hingga hampir dua kali dari 37,6 ± 0,3% menjadi 84,2 ± 0,3%. Lebih lanjut, proses pemutihan multi tahap menggunakan NaClO2 dapat menurunkan kandungan lignin tandan kosong kelapa sawit menjadi sebesar 3,1 ± 0,2% hampir sama dengan standar selulosa, yaitu 2,6%. Penggunaan NaClO2 juga mampu menurunkan kadar hemiselulosa  hingga 12,6%, lebih rendah dibandingkan standar selulosa, yaitu 16,6%. Dari hasil FTIR, gugus puncak serapan selulosa meningkat secara signifikan, sedangkan hemiselulosa dan lignin mengalami penurunan intensitas. Analisa SEM menunjukkan bahwa proses delignifikasi basa dan pemutihan menyebabkan permukaan serat TKS berpori dan bersih yang mengindikasikan berkurangnya lignin dan hemiselulosa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, proses delignifikasi NaOH dan pemutihan NaClO2 memiliki selektivitas tinggi yang dapat secara simultan mengurangi kadar hemiselulosa dan lignin tanpa merusak struktur selulosa.
Sintesis Dan Karakterisasi Hidrogel Poli (Vinil Alkohol) Maleat (PVAM) Dengan Pati Tapioka Termodifikasi Ekstrak Jahe Ediningsih Ediningsih; Joko Pitono; Eni Mardiana; Erizal Erizal
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Vol. 40 No. 2 Oktober 2018
Publisher : Balai Besar Kimia dan Kemasan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (565.538 KB) | DOI: 10.24817/jkk.v40i2.3562

Abstract

Modifikasi hidrogel dengan polimer alami mulai banyak dikembangkan. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk mendapatkan hidrogel dengan kualitas mutu yang lebih baik dan ramah lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan pati tapioka yang telah dimodifikasi dengan ekstrak jahe pada hidrogel PVAM hasil sintesis PVA dengan maleat anhidrida (MA) menggunakan inisiator aluminium persulfat (K2S2O8). Sintesis hidrogel dilakukan dengan reaksi kopolimerisasi cangkok. Parameter yang diamati meliputi analisis gugus fungsi dengan spektroskopi FTIR (Fourier transform infrared), fraksi gel, derajat pengembangan, dan derajat grafting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa puncak serapan dari hidrogel PVAM-g-tapioka jahe lebih lemah dibandingkan PVAM yang ditandai dengan ikatan C=C pada bilangan gelombang 1625 cm-1. Nilai fraksi gel dan derajat grafting hidrogel PVAM-g-tapioka jahe (85,42% dan 97,62%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan PVAM-g-tapioka (76,56% dan 92,19%). Akan tetapi, derajat pengembangan hidrogel PVAM-g-tapioka jahe lebih rendah (275,72%) dibandingkan PVAM-g-tapioka (286,58%). Penelitian ini memberikan informasi bahwa penambahan ekstrak jahe dapat meningkatkan sifat fisik dari hidrogel PVAM-g-tapioka.
Profil Asam Lemak Dan Karakterisasi Minyak Biji Labu Kuning (Cucurbita moschata D.) Hartati Soetjipto; Trisna Anggreini; Margareta Novian Cahyanti
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Vol. 40 No. 2 Oktober 2018
Publisher : Balai Besar Kimia dan Kemasan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (106.967 KB) | DOI: 10.24817/jkk.v40i2.3797

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memperoleh rendemen optimal minyak biji labu kuning ditinjau dari metode ekstraksi dan pelarut, menentukan sifat fisika kimia minyak biji labu kuning, serta menentukan komposisi minyak biji labu kuning dengan metode Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), 4 perlakuan dan 6 kali ulangan. Sebagai perlakuan adalah penggunaan metode dan jenis pelarut sedangkan sebagai kelompok adalah waktu analisis. Pengujian antar rataan perlakuan dilakukan dengan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) dengan tingkat kebermaknaan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen minyak biji labu kuning optimal diperoleh dari penggunaan metode soxhlet dengan pelarut heksana yaitu sebesar 36,65 ± 2,20%. Minyak yang diperoleh berwarna merah kecoklatan berbau khas biji labu kuning dengan kadar air minyak 3,86 ± 1,21%; massa jenis minyak 0,83 ± 0,03 g/ml; kadar asam lemak bebas 6,56 ± 2,59%; bilangan asam 13,06 ± 5,15 mg KOH/g; bilangan peroksida 6,54 ± 0,09 meq O2/kg; dan bilangan penyabunan 199,44 ± 0,47 mg KOH/g. Hasil analisis GC-MS menunjukkan bahwa minyak biji labu kuning tersusun atas 4 komponen utama yaitu : asam palmitat (24,64%); asam linoleat (57,96%); asam stearat (6,83%); dan skualena (2,13% dan 8,44%).
Biodegradability of Cassava Edible Bioplastics in Landfill Soil and Plantation Soil Isroi Isroi; Guntarti Supeni; Deden D. Eris; Agustina A. Cahyaningtyas
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Vol. 40 No. 2 Oktober 2018
Publisher : Balai Besar Kimia dan Kemasan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (229.571 KB) | DOI: 10.24817/jkk.v40i2.3596

Abstract

Biodegrability of edible bioplastic made from cassava starch was evaluated by using landfill soil and plantation soil as natural inoculum. The edible bioplastics used in this study were bioplastic without and with addition of hydrophobic liquid. Biodegradation test of the bioplastic compared with conventional plastic samples were conducted in the glass jar for 60 days. The carbon dioxide generated from the biodegradation process absorbed by 0.1 N sodium hydroxide solutions. The carbon dioxide was titrated with 0.1 N HCl, using phenolphthalein and then followed by methyl orange as indicator. There was no carbon dioxide released from the conventional plastic during the test. Biodegradation of the bioplastic in plantation soil was higher than in landfill soil. Biodegradation rate of the bioplastic in landfill soil were 0.201 mg CO2/day and 0.249 mg CO2/day for bioplastic without and with hydrophobic liquid, respectively. Biodegradation rate of the bioplastic in plantation soil were 0.604 mg CO2/day and 0.424 mg CO2/day for bioplastic without and with hydrophobic liquid, respectively. Complete biodegradation of the bioplastic in landfill soil predicted in 431 days and 366 days, respectively. In other hand, complete biodegradation of the bioplastic in plantation soil predicted in 151 days and 201 days, respectively. Microbes population in the soil could be affected the biodegradation rate of the bioplastics.
Influence Of Drying Time And Temperature On Zirconium-Based Material (ZBM) Properties For 99Mo/99mTc Generator Development Miftakul Munir; Endang Sarmini; Herlina Herlina; Anung Pujiyanto; Indra Saptiama; Kadarisman Kadarisman; Shella Kurnia
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Vol. 40 No. 2 Oktober 2018
Publisher : Balai Besar Kimia dan Kemasan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (558.172 KB) | DOI: 10.24817/jkk.v40i2.3772

Abstract

Zirconium-based material (ZBM) has an important role in producing Technetium-99m (99mTc) due to its high adsorption capacity to Molybdenum-99 (99Mo). The adsorption capacity of the ZBM depends on the specific surface area which is influenced by several parameters in the synthesis process. This study aims to investigate the influence of drying time and temperature on the structure and specific surface area of the ZBM. Synthesis of the ZBM was carried out using zirconium chloride, 2-propanol, water and tetrahydrofuran at 75 °C, 90 °C and 120 °C and for 3 hr, 5 hr and 7 hr, respectively. Functional group and specific surface area of the ZBM was analyzed by FTIR and BET method, respectively. At the variation of drying time, the functional group pattern showed by FTIR spectra was not significantly different. The O-H group of the ZBM increased as the drying temperature decreases. At 75 and 90°C, the specific surface area increased as the function of time was increased but was decreased at 120°C. The highest surface area of the synthesized ZBM had a poor performance as a 99Mo/99mTc generator material, whereas the eluate met the required standard.
Cover Vol.40 No.2 Okt 2018 JKK Editor
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Vol. 40 No. 2 Oktober 2018
Publisher : Balai Besar Kimia dan Kemasan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (119.312 KB) | DOI: 10.24817/jkk.v40i2.4321

Abstract

Comparative Study Of Various Chemical Refrigerants For Natural Gas Hydrates Production As Alternative Media For Natural Gas Transportation Ario Guritno; Slamet Slamet
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Vol. 40 No. 2 Oktober 2018
Publisher : Balai Besar Kimia dan Kemasan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (408.644 KB) | DOI: 10.24817/jkk.v40i2.3939

Abstract

Indonesia has been facing natural gas declining problem since 2003, and one of the alternative solutions which can be proposed is by producing gas from the stranded area. Stranded gas is not much developed due to its remote location and a small number of gas reserves. Natural Gas Hydrates or NGH is one of promising alternative medium for natural gas transportation, but it is not much developed yet. Transportation of NGH requires neither cryogenic temperature as LNG does nor high pressure as CNG does. This theoretical study will suggest a simulation scheme to produce synthetic NGH. Production of synthetic NGH utilizes a refrigeration cycle as a cooling source. Based on proposed proses for converting natural gas to NGH, various design parameters for a refrigeration cycle have been investigated. Results obtained suggested that propane as a refrigerant with a specific operating parameter can be a good alternative for the production of NGH.
Preface JKK Vol. 40 No.2 Oktober 2018 JKK Editor
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Vol. 40 No. 2 Oktober 2018
Publisher : Balai Besar Kimia dan Kemasan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (164.123 KB) | DOI: 10.24817/jkk.v40i2.4322

Abstract

Industrial Container Design Factors Soetomo Poerodiprojo
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan BULLETIN PENELITIAN TAHUN I NO.3 JULI 1976
Publisher : Balai Besar Kimia dan Kemasan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4203.734 KB) | DOI: 10.24817/jkk.v0i0.4837

Abstract

DaLara container design perlu dipertimbangkan faktor­-faktor teknik (kimia, fisika, mekanis, biologis),estetika., psychology pasaran (pembeli atau masyarakat dan cost evaluation.

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