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agriTECH

agritech
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 02160455 EISSN : 25273825 DOI : 10.22146/agritech

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Agritech with registered number ISSN 0216-0455 (print) and ISSN 2527-3825 (online) is a scientific journal that publishes the results of research in the field of food and agricultural product technology, agricultural and bio-system engineering, and agroindustrial technology. This journal is published by Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta in colaboration with Indonesian Association of Food Technologies (PATPI).

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)

Articles 1,392 Documents

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Sifat Fisik dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Tablet Effervescent Kunyit (Curcuma domestika Val.) Dwiyati Pujimulyani
agriTECH Vol 27, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of concentration of turmeric powder and ascorbic acid on the physical properties and antioxidant activity of turmeric effervescent tablets. Turmeric rhizome was peeled, washed, blanched in boiled 0.05% citric acid for 5 minutes, grated, added with water with the ratio between grated turmeric and water (1:1), and filtered. Turmeric extract was added with 0.16% citric acid, 0.1% CMC and sugar:turmeric extract (1:1) which was then powdered. The tablets were evaluated for physical properties, including their texture, weight, thickness, rehydration time and antioxidant activity using DPPH method. The result showed that higher addition of turmeric powder and ascorbic acid gave higher antioxidant activity of effervescent tablets. Adding 2.8 g turmeric powder and 0.01 g ascorbic acid to a 5 g formula resulted in turmeric effervescent tablets preferred by the panelists, with Radical Scavanging Activity (RSA) of 85,97%, weight 5.2 g, thickness 7.2 mm, texture 5.9 kgand rehydration time 118.87 secondsABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi pengaruh konsentrasi bubuk kunyit dan asam askorbat terhadap sifat fisik dan aktivitas antioksidan tablet effervescent kunyit. Rimpang kunyit dikupas, dicuci, diblanching dalam asam sitrat mendidih 5 menit, diparut, ditambah air dengan rasio parutan kunyit : air= 1:1 dan disaring. Ekstrak kunyit ditambah asam sitrat 0,16 %, CMC 0,1% dan gula (ekstrak kunyit : gula = 1:1), kemudian dibuat bubuk. Tablet yang dihasilkan dievaluiasi sifat fisik meliputi tekstur, berat, ketebalan, waktu rehidrasi dan aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan bubuk kunyit dan asam askorbat lebih tinggi, maka aktivitas antioksidan tablet effervescent lebih tinggi. Penambahan bubuk kunyit 2,8 g dan asam askorbat 0,01 g pada formula tablet 5 g menghasilkan tablet effervescent yang disukai panelis, dengan RSA 85,97 %, berat 5,2 g, ketebalan 7,2 mm, tekstur 5,9 kg dan waktu rehidrasi 118,87 detik.

Identifikasi Tingkat Ketuaan dan Kematangan Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) IPB 1 dengan Pengolahan Citra Digital dan Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan Enrico Syaefullah; Hadi K Purwadaria; Sutrisno Sutrisno; Suroso Suroso
agriTECH Vol 27, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

The objective of this research was to identify the maturity and ripeness of papaya using image processing and artificial neural network. The images of papaya IPB 1 were captured using digital camera. And then processed using image processing algorithm. The image processing algorithm was developed and applied to 150 samples of papaya from three level of ripeness; growth, mature and ripe and 150 samples of papaya from three level of maturity based on their harvest time. The color indexes and shape factors were extracted from sample images using the developed image processing algorithm. The features extracted from the image processing were used as input to develop artificial neural network that modelled into 7 inputs with the level of maturity and ripeness as output. Neural network program used the value of momentum constant 0.5, learning rate value contant 0.6, sigmoid function value 1 and 10000 iteration. The result showed that the use of 7 image processing features as input on 3 hidden layers provided the highest accuracy of validation of 97.8% in validation process, and 100% accuracy in classifying the papaya based on its maturity and ripeness.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi ketuaan dan kematangan buah pepaya dengan menggunakan pengolahan citra dan jaringan syaraf tiruan. Citra pepaya diambil menggunakan kamera digital. Citra diproses menggunakan algoritma pengolahan citra. Algoritma pengolahan citra dibangun untuk 150 contoh pepaya dari tiga tingkat kematangan yaitu muda, tua dan matang dan 150 contoh pepaya dari tiga tingkat ketuaan berdasar pada umur petiknya. Indeks warna dan tekstur didapat dari contoh citra menggunakan algoritma pengolahan citra yang dibangun. Hasil pengolahan citra digunakan sebagai input untuk membangun jaringan syaraf tiruan yang dimodelkan dengan 7 input dengan tingkat ketuaan dan kematangan sebagai output. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan konstanta laju pembelajaran 0.6, konstanta momentum sebesar 0.5, nilai fungsi aktivasi 1 dan dilatih sampai 10000 iterasi serta 3 lapisan tersembunyi pada jaringan syaraf tiruan yang digunakan diperoleh tingkat keakuratan yang tinggi mencapai 97.89% dan 100% pada klasifikasi pepaya berdasarkan ketuaan dan kematangan .

Perubahan Karakteristik Biokimia Fermentasi Tempoyak Menggunakan Pediococcus acidilactici pada Tiga Tingkat Konsentrasi Gula Neti Yuliana
agriTECH Vol 27, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

This study was carried out to evaluate the biochemical characteristics of tempoyak inoculated with Pediococcus acidilactici as starter culture at three levels of sugar concentrations (0%, 2.5% and 5%). Results revealed that addition of sugar until 5 % did not influenced the microbe total, pH, acidity and reducing sugar of tempoyak. The length of fermentation mostly influenced these characterisitics. Nevertheles, number of individual organic acid expressed as lactic and acetic acid was influenced by addition of sugar.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi perubahan karakterisitik biokimia fermentasi tempoyak dengan Pediococcus acidilactici sebagai kultur starter pada tiga tingkat konsentrasi gula (0%; 2,5% dan 5%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan konsentrasi gula sampai dengan 5% belum mempengaruhi perubahan karakterisitk biokimia tempoyak (pH, total asam, total gula reduksi). Namun demikian konsentrasi gula berpengaruh terhadap total individu komponen asam organik (asam laktat dan asam asetat). Sebaliknya, perubahan karakterisitik biokimia (pH, total asam, total gula reduksi) tempoyak sangat dipengaruhi oleh lama fermentasi, yaitu semakin lama fermentasi, pH dan gula reduksi semakin menurun, sedangkan total asam meningkat.

Kandungan Fenolik Ekstrak Daun Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb) dan Aktivitas Antibakterinya Rindit Pambayun; Murdijati Gardjito; Slamet Sudarmadji; Kapti Rahayu K.
agriTECH Vol 27, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Research about processing gambir leaves (young, midle, and old shoots) to gambir products with two methods, wet method (boilling-pressing-setling-drying) and dry method (drying- grinding-infusion-setling-drying) had been done. The results showed that young leaf gave the highest gambir product both for wet and dry process. For the wet process, for young, midle, and old leaves gave the yields 10,03±0,11, 9,46±0,15, and 9,03±0,19 %, respectivelly. Furthermore, dry process for young, midle, and old leaves gave the products 7,15±0,32, 6,82±0,32, and 6,13±0,18 %, respectivelly. The highest phenolic contents such as polyphenol extract (with ethyl acetate), total phenol, and (+)-catechin found in the product from the midle leaves. On the wet process, polyphenol, total phenol, and (+)- catechin content were 64,96±0,41 %, 51,08±0,17 %, and 39,17 %, while on the dry process were 62,73±1,14%, 50,10±0,1 %, and 16,90%, respectivelly. Gambir products and their polyphenols had shwon antibacterial activities both produced by wet and dry methods. Using Staphylococcus aureus, the midle leave product and polyphenols from wet process gave clear zone as high as 6,89±0,10 mm and 9,45±0,25 mm. (in diameter) as well as dry process 5,39±0,10 mm and 6,39±0,10 mm, respectivelly. Both gambir product and polyphenol had not shown an antibacterial activities for Escherichia coli.ABSTRAKDalam penelitian ini dilakukan pengolahan daun gambir muda, sedang, dan tua menjadi gambir dengan dua cara yaitu cara basah (perebusan-pengepresan-pengendapan-pengeringan) dan cara kering (pengeringan- penghancuran-penyeduhan-pengambilan padatan-pengeringan). Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa daun muda menghasilkan rendemen produk gambir paling tinggi baik pada pengolahan basah maupun kering. Pada pengolahan basah, untuk daun muda, sedang, dan tua secara berurut-urut memberikan rendemen sebesar 10,03±0,11, 9,46±0,15, dan 9,03±0,19 %. Selanjutnya, rendemen produk dengan pengolahan cara kering dari daun muda, sedang, dan tua adalah 7,15±0,32, 6,82±0,32, dan 6,13±0,18 %. Namun demikian, senyawa yang termasuk dalam golongan fenolik, seperti; ekstrak polifenol, total fenol, (+)-katekin paling tinggi pada daun sedang. Pada pengolahan basah, ekstrak polifenol (dengan etil asetat), total fenol, dan (+)-katekin pada daun sedang secara berurut-urut adalah 64,96±0,41 %, 51,08±0,17 %, dan 39,17 % dan pada pengolahan kering adalah 62,73±1,14%, 50,10±0,1 %, dan 16,90%. Selain itu, pada pengolahan basah, produk dan ekstrak polifenol dari daun sedang menghasilkan sifat antibakteri (dinyatakan sebagai diameter daerah hambat, DDH) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus paling tinggi, yakni 6,89±0,10 mm dan 9,45±0,25 mm. Pengolahan kering memiliki DDH lebih rendah yaitu 5,39±0,10 mm dan 6,39±0,10 mm. Baik produk maupun ekstrak polifenol tidak menghambat Escherichia coli.

Kebutuhan Air Sektoral untuk Pengembangan DAS M. Yanuar J. Purwanto
agriTECH Vol 27, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

There is a requirement for providing water supply sufficiently for the major customer sectors including residential areas in watershed development and planning. However, the sectoral water demand has also been changing over time. More over, continuing population growth and the job opportunity has resulted in increasing water demand within dynamic manner in residential areas. This study aims to develop water demand model in water management for watershed development planning. Actual water allocations for the experimental watershed, in Banten Province, were used for the model calibration process. The established model was used for predicting the amount of water demand in the future. The advantage of this model is for guiding the local government in providing water for the community.ABSTRAKDalam kegiatan pengembangan daerah aliran sungai (DAS), diperlukan kebutuhan air untuk semua sektor yang akan dikembangkan di wilayah tersebut. Perkembangan wilayah dan komunitas selama kurun waktu perencanaan juga akan mempengaruhi nilai total jumlah kebutuhan air untuk wilayah DAS. Hal ini disebabkan adanya perkembangan populasi dan pergerakan kesempatan kerja yang tersedia dari sektor satu ke sektor yang lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan sebuah pendekatan untuk menghitung kebutuhan air sektoral dalam suatu wilayah DAS. Kebutuhan air untuk suatu sampel DAS digunakan untuk melakukan kalibrasi. Manfaat pendekatan kebutuhan air sektoral adalah untuk memprediksi nilai total kebutuhan air wilayah dengan memperhatikan sektor-sektor yang diprioritaskan maupun perkembangan penduduknya. Hal ini dapat membantu pemerintah dalam merencanakan pembangunan untuk suatu komunitas di wilayah tertentu.

Kondisi Kritis dan Stabilitas Aktivitas Antioksidatif Minuman Gel Lidah Buaya (Aloe vera var. chinensis) selama Penyimpanan Chatarina Wariyah; Riyanto Riyanto; Muhamad Salwandri
agriTECH Vol 34, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Aloe vera contains a flavonoid compound which has functional property as an antioxidant. Previous study has shown that aloe vera gel drink, a product of aloe vera, has high antioxidative activity, but the stability of the antioxidative activity during storage has not been known yet. The purpose of this research was to determine the critical condition and the antioxidative activity of aloe vera gel drink during storage. Specifically, the purposes of this research were to determine the critical condition of the aloe vera gel drink, to evaluate the chemical and physical properties of the aloe vera gel drink when packaged with polypropylene film until critical condition was reached, to evaluate the changes in antioxidative activity during storage and to determine the storage life of the aloe vera gel drink based on the critical condition and the antioxidative activity. The results showed that the critical condition of aloe vera gel drink was determined by increasing the titratable acidity and the critical properties were determined by its odor and sour taste. The characterictics of the aloe vera gel drink at the critical condition were titratable acidity 0.12+0.01% (wb) and sugar 7.43+0.09 % (wb), at a sugar/acid ratio of 61.92. The aloe vera gel drink packaged with 0.4 mm polyethylene film had a storage life of one week. The antioxidative activity of fresh aloe vera gel drink had a RSA percentage of 27.71% and lipid peroxidation inhibition of 6.30%. After a week in storage, the RSA decreased to 21.98% and lipid peroxidation inhibition became 5.63%.ABSTRAKLidah buaya mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang memiliki sifat fungsional sebagai antioksidan. Pengolahan lidah buaya menjadi produk minuman gel lidah buaya telah dilakukan sebelumnya dan hasilnya menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidasi cukup tinggi. Namun sampai saat ini stabilitas aktivitas antioksidasi minuman gel lidah buaya selama penyimpanan belum diketahui. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan kondisi dan sifat kritis minuman gel lidah buaya dan mengevaluasi stabilitas sifat antioksidasi selama penyimpanan. Secara khusus tujuannya adalah menentukan kondisi kritis minuman gel lidah buaya, mengevaluasi perubahan kimia dan fisik minuman gel lidah buaya dalam kemasan plastik sampai mencapai kondisi kritis, mengevaluasi perubahan aktivitas antioksidasi secara periodik selama penyimpanan, dan menentukan daya simpan minuman gel lidah buaya berdasarkan kondisi kritis dan aktivitas antioksidasinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi kritis minuman gel lidah buaya ditentukan oleh peningkatan keasaman dan sifat kritis ditentukan oleh perubahan bau dan munculnya rasa masam. Secara khusus kesimpulannya adalah kondisi kritis minuman gel lidah buaya terjadi pada keasaman tertitrasi 0,12+0,01%(bb), kadar gula 7,43+0,09 % (bb), pada rasio gula/asam 61,92. Minuman gel lidah buaya dalam kemasan plastik poliethilen 0,4 mm daya simpannya satu minggu. Aktivitas antioksidasi minuman gel lidah buaya segar adalah dengan nilai Radical Scavenger Activity (RSA) 27,71% dan penghambatan peroksidasi lemak 6,30%. Setelah penyimpanan satu minggu nilai RSA turun menjadi 21,98% dan penghambatan peroksidasi lemak 5,63%.

Uji Organoleptik Formulasi Biskuit Fungsional Berbasis Tepung Ikan Gabus (Ophiocephalus striatus) Dewi Kartika Sari; Sri Anna Marliyati; Lilik Kustiyah; Ali Khomsan; Tommy Marcelino Gantohe
agriTECH Vol 34, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

This study was aimed to investigate functional biscuit formulation based on snakehead fish flour. Research design used was complete randomized design. First step of the study was to characterize and develop snakehead fish flour, the second step was to determine functional biscuit formulation with four treatments: 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% fish flour (FF) of total weight of biscuit dough. Characterization of snakehead fish flour showed that nutrient content in 100 g was water 13.61%, ash 5.96%, protein 76.9%, fat 0.55%, carbohydrate 3.53%, Zn 3.09 mg and Fe 4.43 mg, in accordance to fish flour quality SNI 01-2715-1996/Rev.92. Snakehead fish flour also contained albumin 24.25%. Organoleptic study in the form of hedonic test to 30 semi trained panelist showed that the highest acceptance percentage on color and odor was in 15% FF which were 96.67% and 63.33%, respectively. Highest texture acceptance was in 15% FF which was 73.33% and highest flavour acceptance was in 10% FF which was 58.33%. The acceptability of respondent showed that snakehead fish flour treatment had a significant effect (p<0.05) on biscuit texture but it had no a significant effect (p>0.05) on biscuit odor, flavour, color and overall. Based on subjects acceptance, biscuit formula with 15% snakehead fish flour substitution was selected.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari formulasi biskuit fungsional berbasis tepung ikan gabus. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap). Tahap pertama penelitian melakukan karakterisasi dan pembuatan tepung ikan gabus, sedangkan tahap kedua penelitian menentukan formulasi biskuit fungsional dengan empat taraf perlakuan, yaitu 0%, 10%, 15%, dan 20% tepung ikan (TI) terhadap total berat adonan biskuit. Hasil karakterisasi tepung ikan gabus menunjukkan kandungan gizi dalam 100 g bahan adalah air 13,61%, abu 5,96%, protein 76,9%, lemak 0,55%, karbohidrat 3,53%, Zn 3,09 mg dan Fe 4,43 mg, sesuai dengan mutu tepung ikan SNI 01-27151996/Rev.92. Tepung ikan gabus juga mengandung albumin sebesar 24,25%. Hasil uji organoleptik biskuit berupa uji hedonik oleh 30 orang panelis semi terlatih menunjukkan bahwa persentase penerimaan panelis terhadap warna dan aroma tertinggi pada 20% TI dengan penerimaan masing-masing sebesar 96,67% dan 63,33%. Tekstur tertinggi pada 15% TI sebesar 73,33% dan rasa tertinggi pada 10% TI sebesar 58,33%. Penerimaan panelis menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tepung ikan gabus berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap tekstur biskuit, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata (p>0,05) terhadap aroma, rasa, warna dan keseluruhan biskuit. Berdasarkan pertimbangan penerimaan panelis maka terpilih formula biskuit dengan substitusi 15% tepung ikan gabus.

Kajian Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antimikroba Fraksi dan Ekstrak dari Daun dan Ranting Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) serta 126 Pemanfaatannya pada Produk Personal Hygiene Dwi Setyaningsih; Chilwan Pandji; Dayu Dian Perwatasari
agriTECH Vol 34, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

The development of jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L) in Indonesia needs to be followed by the optimum utilization of all parts of the plants, including the leaves and twigs. This study aims to determine the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the leaves and twigs extracts of Jatropha curcas L and to see the effects of their use in personal hygiene products, as part of efforts to increase the added value of the Jatropha’s leaves and twigs. Extract of Jatropha curcas in this study were obtained through a solvent extraction process using ethanol 96% by the method of soxhlet and maceration. Fraction obtained by performing advanced stages in the extract called fractination. Antioxidant activity was analized by using DPPH method at concentration of 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16 and 20 µg/mL. While the analysis of antimicrobial activity was performeed by well diffusion method against Candida albicans, Microsporum gypseum, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at the concentration of extract/fraction 1, 2, and 3%. The result showed that crude extract of maceration and ethyl acetate fraction of soxhlet had the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 7.019 and 7.857 µg/mL where this values were not significantly different. In other side, the result of antimicrobial activity indicated the present of antimicrobial inhibitory of maceration crude extract against Microsporum gypseum. It proved by the formation of clear zones of inhibition around the wells with diameter of 12, 14, and 20 mm for concentration 1, 2, and 3%. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the inhibitory against Microsporum gypseum only at concentration of 3% extract with diameter of inhibitory zones 14 mm. Utilization of selected extract fraction applied to one of personal hygiene product, transparent soap, by utilizing its antioxidant activity. Soap with the addition of ethyl acetate fraction of Jatropha curcas at a concentration level of 0.8% produces soap with antioxidant activity of 66.15% and the rate of foam stability about 83.23%.ABSTRAK Perkembangan jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L) di Indonesia perlu diikuti dengan pemanfaatan yang optimal dari seluruh bagian tanaman tersebut, termasuk bagian daun dan ranting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dan antimikroba dari ekstrak serta fraksi daun dan ranting jarak pagar serta melihat efek pemanfaatannya pada produk personal hygiene, sebagai salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah dari daun jarak pagar. Ekstrak jarak pagar pada penelitian ini diperoleh melalui proses ekstraksi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% dengan metode soxhlet dan maserasi. Fraksi diperoleh dengan melakukan tahap lanjut yaitu tahap fraksinasi pada ekstrak. Analisis antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode DPPH pada konsentrasi 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, dan 20 µg/mL. Sedangkan analisis antimikroba dilakukan dengan metode difusi sumur terhadap Candida albicans, Microsporum gypseum, dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa pada tingkat konsentrasi ekstrak/fraksi 1, 2, dan 3%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi dimiliki oleh ekstrak kasar maserasi dan fraksi etil asetat soxhlet dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 7,019 dan 7,857 µg/mL dimana nilai keduanya tidak berbeda nyata. Sementara itu, hasil analisis antimikroba menunjukkan adanya aktivitas penghambatan dari ekstrak kasar maserasi terhadap Microsporum gypseum yang terbukti dengan terbentuknya zona bening disekitar sumur dengan diameter hambat 12, 14, dan 20 mm untuk konsentrasi 1, 2, dan 3%. Adapun fraksi etil asetat hanya menunjukkan aktivitas penghambatan terhadap Microsporum gypseum pada tingkat konsentrasi 3% dengan diameter hambat sebesar 14 mm. Pemanfaatan fraksi ekstrak terpilih diterapkan pada salah satu produk personal hygiene yaitu sabun transparan dengan memanfaatkan aktivitas antioksidan yang dimilikinya. Sabun dengan penambahan fraksi etil asetat jarak pagar pada tingkat konsentrasi 0,8% menghasilkan sabun dengan aktivitas antioksidan sebesar 66,15% dan tingkat kestabilan busa sebesar 83,23%.

Stabilitas Mikroemulsi Fucoxanthin dan Efektifitasnya dalam Menghambat Foto Oksidasi Vitamin C pada Model Minuman Lutfi Suhendra; Pudji Hastuti; Chusnul Hidayat
agriTECH Vol 34, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Fucoxanthin microemulsion was prepared by dissolvingfocoxanthin in Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) and mixture of surfactants (Tween 20:Tween 80:Span 80 = 92:5.5:2.5 (% v/v)with oil-surfactan ratio 15:85 v/v, then added with water until the concentration reaching 600 ppm fucoxanthin. The fucoxanthin microemulsions were analyzed the stability towards pH, the samples were diluted 50 times and 100 times with water media and citrate buffer (pH:3.5; 4.5 and distilled water pH 6.5). Subsequently, the samples were tested for centrifugation and storage stability at room temperature. The appearance of fucoxanthin microemulsion stability was measured with spectrometer UV/VIS at a wavelength of 458 nm. The beverage models were made of vitamin C (450 mg/L), citric acid (1%) and sucrose (6%). Fucoxanthin microemulsions were added to the beverage model that had been diluted 50 time and 100 time with distilled water pH 6.5. Subsequenly, the samples were added 5 ppm erytrhosine as a sensitizer and without erytrhosine as control. The beverage models were exposed to flourescent light with an intensity of 2000 lux. Vitamin C concentration was mesured by the method of riboflavin-sensitized photodynamic UV spectrophotometry every 2 hours. Fucoxanthin microemulsions were stable at pH 3.5 to 6.5 and even the heating treatment, centrifugation and dilution. Fucoxanthin microemulsion above 6 ppm was not effective in inhibiting degradation rate of vitamin C on photooxidation in beverage models.ABSTRAKMikroemulsi fucoxanthin dibuat dengan melarutkanfucoxanthin dalam VCO dan ditambah surfaktan (Tween 20:Tween 80:Span 80 = 92:5,5: 2,5 (% v/v), dengan rasio minyak-surfaktan 15:85 v/v, kemudian ditambahkan air hingga konsentrasi fucoxanthin mencapai 600 ppm. Mikroemulsi fucoxanthin dianalisis stabilitasnya meliputi pengujian stabilitas terhadap pH yang dilakukan pengenceran 50 kali dan 100 kali dengan media air dan buffer sitrat (pH: 3,5; 4,5 dan aquades pH 6,5). Selanjutnya sampel-sampel tersebut diuji stabilitasnya terhadap sentrifugasi dan penyimpanan pada suhu kamar. Stabilitas kenampakan mikroemulsi fucoxanthin diukur absorbansinya dengan spektrometer UV/VIS pada panjang gelombang 458 nm. Model minuman merupakan larutan yang tersusun dari vitamin C (450 mg/L), asam sitrat (1%) dan sukrosa (6%). Mikroemulsi fucoxanthin yang ditambahkan ke dalam model minuman yang telah diencerkan 50 kali dan 100 kali dengan aquades pH 6,5. Selanjutnya ke dalam sampel ditambahkan 5 ppm eritosin sebagai sensitiser atau tanpa penambahan eritrosin sebagai kontrol. Sampel tersebut kemudian diletakkan di dalam generator oksigen singlet yang telah dilengkapi lampu fluoresens dengan intensitas cahaya 2000 lux. Konsentrasi vitamin C diukur dengan metode riboflavin-sensitized photodynamic UV spectrophotometry dengan interval 2 jam. Mikroemulsi fucoxanthin yang diperoleh stabil pada pH 3,5 sampai 6,5 dan meskipun telah mengalami perlakuan pemanasan, sentrifugasi dan pengenceran. Mikroemulsi fucoxanthin di atas 6 ppm tidak efektif lagi dalam menghambat laju kerusakan vitamin C pada foto oksidasi dalam model minuman.

Komposisi Kimia dan Kristalinitas Tepung Pisang Termodifikasi secara Fermentasi Spontan dan Siklus Pemanasan Bertekanan-Pendinginan Nurhayati Nurhayati; Betty Sri Laksmi Jenie; Sri Widowati; Harsi Dewantari Kusumaningrum
agriTECH Vol 34, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Studies on the chemical composition and crystallinity of the native banana flour and modified banana flour were carried out on “agung var semeru” banana (Musa paradisiaca formatypica). Native banana flour was produced by drying the banana slice, ground and passed through a 80 mesh screen. Modified banana flour were produced by spontaneous fermentation (room temperature, 24 h)and one or two cycles of autoclaving (121 oC, 15 min) followed by cooling (4 oC, 24 h) of the slices before drying process. The results showed that spontaneous fermentation of banana slices increased amylose content. Two cycles of autoclaving-cooling significantly increased resistant starch content of banana flour (39.13 – 42.68% db) than the one cycle (29.34 – 35.93% db). Retrogradation process decreased the crystallinity from 18.74% -20.08% to 6.98% - 9.52%. X-ray diffraction showed that the starch granule was type C granule as a mixtureof A and B polymorphs.ABSTRAKKajian tentang komposisi kimia dan kristalinitas tepung pisang alami dan tepung pisang termodifikasi dilakukan pada pisang var agung semeru (Musa paradisiaca formatypica). Tepung pisang alami (kontrol) dihasilkan dengan mengeringkan irisan pisang, menghancurkan dan mengayak tepung dengan ayakan 80 mesh. Tepung pisang modifikasi dihasilkan dengan cara irisan pisang diberi perlakuan fermentasi spontan (suhu kamar, 24 jam) dilanjutkan dengan satu atau dua siklus pemanasan bertekanan (121 oC, 15 menit) yang diikuti dengan pendinginan (4 oC, 24 jam) sebelum dilakukan proses pengeringan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fermentasi spontan mampu meningkatkan kadar amilosa. Dua siklus pemanasan bertekanan-pendinginan meningkatkan pati resisten (RS) tepung pisang dengan nyata (39,13 – 42,68% bk) dibandingkan dengan yang satu siklus (29,34 – 35,93% bk). Proses pemanasan bertekananpendinginan menurunkan kristalinitas tepung pisang dari 18,74-20,08% menjadi 6,98-9,52%. Difraksi sinar X menunjukkan granula pati pisang adalah granula tipe C yang merupakan campuran dari granula tipe A dan tipe B.

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Abstract

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Fiametta Ayu Purwandari

Contact Email fiametta@ugm.ac.id

Phone +6285712601130

Journal Mail Official agritech@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

Location Kab. sleman, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Fiametta Ayu Purwandari

Contact Email
fiametta@ugm.ac.id

Phone
+6285712601130

Journal Mail Official
agritech@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA