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Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 24600164 EISSN : 24422576 DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.36959

Core Subject : Health,

Dentistry

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 575 Documents

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Penggunaan Vertical Loop pada Perawatan Gigi Berjejal Parah dan Crossbite Anterior dengan Teknik Begg Herna Juliana Nainggolan; Wayan Ardhana; Christnawati Christnawati
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 20, No 2 (2013): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Gigi berjejal dapat terjadi pada semua klasifikasi maloklusi. Perawatan gigi berjejal berat dengan teknik Begg menggunakan vertical loop untuk meningkatkan kelentingan busur labial supaya dapat terpasang pada gigi berjejal sehingga levelling dan unravelling gigi anterior dapat tercapai. Tujuan artikel ini untuk menerangkan manfaat dari vertical loop pada kasus gigi berjejal berat. Pada artikel ini disajikan dua kasus gigi berjejal parah dan crossbite. Kasus pertama: laki-laki 17 tahun tidak percaya diri karena berjejal dan gingsul. Diagnosis: maloklusi Angle klas III subdivisi tipe skeletal klas III dengan maksila retrusif dan mandibula prognatik, gigi berjejal parah dan crossbite anterior. Kasus kedua: perempuan 18 tahun, mengeluhkan gigi berjejal, sulit dibersihkan dan gusi sering berdarah. Diagnosis: Maloklusi Angle klas I tipe skeletal klas I dengan bimaksiler retrusif dan bidental protrusif gigi berjejal berat dan crossbite anterior. Pada kedua kasus dilakukan perawatan dengan alat ortodontik cekat teknik Begg, pada tahap pertama digunakan archwire diameter 0,014” dengan vertical loop untuk koreksi gigi malposisi berupa gigi berjejal, membuka dan menutup ruang gigi anterior dengan menggerakkan gigi ke arah mesiolabial dan labiolingual sehingga gigi berjejal dan crossbite anterior dapat terkoreksi. Hasil: Koreksi inklinasi gigi-gigi rahang atas dan bawah, overjet dan overbite dipertahankan, penutupan sisa ruang, koreksi aksial gigi-gigi dan perbaikan interdigitasi sesuai dengan oklusi normal. Kesimpulan dari penggunaan vertical loop pada perawatan ortodontik cekat dengan teknik Begg menunjukkan sangat efektif dalam mengoreksi gigi berjejal berat dan crossbite anterior.

Composite Flowable Fabricated (CFF) Sebagai Alternatif Bahan Pasak Gigi Paska Endodontik Dwi Warna Aju Fatmawati
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2 (2014): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali, menganalisis dan membandingkan pasak CCF (plastis) dengan pasak NiTi logam (rigid) sebagai alternatif pasak gigi paska perawatan endodontik yang biokompatibel. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel elemen gigi insisif rahang atas yang telah disesuaikan dengan kriteria penelitian. Semua sampel gigi diberi perlakuan sesuai dengan kelompoknya. Prosedur kelompok pasak CCF yaitu dengan mengaplikasikan komposit flowable pada saluran akar gigi yang telah dilakukan pengambilan gutta-percha sedalam 2/3 panjang saluran akar dan menyisakan 1/3 gutta-percha di daerah apikal, sampai seluruh saluran akar dan ruang pulpa terisi penuh. Komposit flowable dilakukan penyinaran (curing LED) selama 20 detik. Perlakuan pada kelompok pasak NiTi sama seperti pada kelompok pasak CCF, bedanya pasak NiTi diinsersi menggunakan bahan luting semen ionomer kaca tipe 1. Selanjutnya semua sampel gigi baik yang prefabricated maupun fabricated dilakukan uji three bending point dengan pengaturan sesuai dengan standart ISO10477. Secara deskriptif nilai rerata kelompok pasak NiTi (stiffness = 115,30 N/mm; modulus elastisitas = 9,31 Gpa; flexural = 812 Gpa) lebih besar dari nilai rerata kelompok pasak CFF (stiffness = 35 N/mm; modulus elastisitas = 3,45 Gpa; flexural = 475,8 GPa) dan secara statistik hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara pasak prefabricated (NiTi) dengan fabricated (CFF). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa walaupun secara deskriptif dan statistik ada perbedaan, namun bahan komposit flowable dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan pasak alternatif dan perlu penelitian lebih lanjut yang sesuai standar keberadaannya sebagai bahan pasak alternatif. Composite Flowable Fabricated (CFF) as Enddodontic Dental Post alternative. Composite Flowable Fabrcated (CFF). CFF is composite resin that viscous and plastic which used as material to enhance the retention and stability of post endodontic treatment and restoration materials. NiTi post is prefabricated post endodontic that the insertion needs luting material. This study was to explore, analyze, and compare CCF (plastic) and NiTi (rigid) post endodontic as alternative of post endodontic that is compatible. This study used element sample of maxillary incisive tooth. All of teeth sample was taken treatment that was appropriate with the groups. the procedure of CFF post group was to make application of flowable composite in root canal up to full that had been done taking of gutta percha as deep as 2/3 of root canal length and left 1/3 gutta percha in apical area. Flowable composite was cured by LEDfor 20 seconds. Treatment of NiTi post group was same with CCF post group, the different NiTi post was inserted using glass ionomer luting type 1. Furthermore all of tooth sample, prefabricated and fabricated, was tested by threebending point with ISO10477. The result showed that mean of NiTi post (stiffness= 115,30 N/mm; modulus elastisitas = 9,31 Gpa; flexural= 812 Gpa) was higher than CFF post (stiffness = 35 N/mm; modulus elastisitas = 3,45 Gpa; flexural= 475,8 GPa); and there was significant different between prefabricated (NiTi) dengan fabricated(CFF) post statistically. Although composite flowable can be used as alternative of post endodontic and needs further research that is suitable with standard of post materials.

Apeksifikasi pada Gigi Insisivus Kanan Maksila dengan Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Ni Kadek Eka Widiadnyani; Ema Mulyawati
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 20, No 2 (2013): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Trauma pada gigi permanen imatur non vital dengan apikal terbuka sering terjadi dan melibatkan kurang lebih 30% populasi anak. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) adalah bahan pilihan terbaik yang dipakai sebagai bahan apeksifikasi untuk pembentukan apikal barrier dan penyembuhan pada gigi imatur. Tujuan laporan kasus adalah untuk melaporkan keberhasilan penutupan apikal dengan menggunakan MTA pada gigi permanen insisivus non vital dengan apikal terbuka yang diakibatkan trauma. Pasien perempuan 18 tahun dengan keluhan gigi depan atas kanan patah dan berubah warna. Kejadian trauma sejak 6 tahun yang lalu karena jatuh dari sepeda. Pemeriksaan klinis, gigi non vital dengan fraktur Ellis klas IV disertai apikal terbuka dan diskolorasi oleh karena trauma. Periapikal radiografis menunjukkan apikal masih terbuka dengan saluran akar yang besar serta terdapat radiolusensi periapikal. Apeksifikasi dilakukan dengan MTA dilanjutkandengan pemasangan pasak pita fiber, pembuatan inti dan restorasi mahkota jaket porselin fusi metal. Simpulan hasil perawatan menunjukkan bahwa apeksifikasi dengan MTA dapat mempersingkat waktu kunjungan dengan pembentukan barier apikal yang merangsang penyembuhan dan dapat langsung dilanjutkan dengan restorasi akhir.Apexification With Mineral Trioxide Aggregate In Right Maxillary Incisor. Traumatic injury in non-vital immature permanent teeth with open apex is common, and it comprises approximately 30% of the pediatric population. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is the best material to be used as an ingredient for apexification procedure for apical calcific barrier formation and healing. The aim of the present case study is to overview the successful closure of root apex in pulpless permanent incisors with wide open apices as a consequence of trauma using MTA. The examination was conducted to an 18 year-old female patient who complained about her broken and discolored right upper front teeth. The traumatic injury of her teeth had happened since 6 years ago after she fell from bike. On clinical examination, she suffered from non-vital teeth with fracture Ellis class IV, apex open and discoloration accompanied by trauma. Periapical radiographic evaluation showed that root formation with wide open apices with root canal was large and indicated a periapical radiolucency. Therefore, apexification with MTA was performed followed by ribbon fiber-reinforced, core making and restoration of full crown porcelain fusion metal. From the treatment, it can be concluded that the time visit for apexification treatment using MTA is shortened, and MTA can heal and stimulate apical barrier formation immediately after final restoration.

Infiltrasi Neutrofil pada Tikus dengan Periodontitis setelah Pemberian Ekstrak Etanolik Kulit Manggis Rendra Chriestedy Prasetya; Nunuk Purwanti; Tetiana Haniastuti
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 21, No 1 (2014): August
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Periodontitis adalah inflamasi kronis yang disebabkan oleh bakteri periodontopatogen. Pada periodontitis terjadi peningkatan infiltrasi neutrofil yang berfungsi untuk memfagositosis bakteri yang menginfiltrasi jaringan gingiva. Kulit manggis mempunyai bahan aktif yaitu xanton yang mempunyai efek antiinflamasi dengan jalan menghambat sintesis PGE2 sehingga akan menurunkan infiltrasi sel inflamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui infiltrasi sel neutrofil pada periodontitis setelah pemberian ekstrak etanolik kulit manggis. Tikus wistar jantan sebanyak empat puluh delapan ekor diinduksi periodontitis dengan ligasi pada daerah subgingiva gigi anterior rahang bawah selama 7 hari. Setelah hari ke-7, ligasi dilepas selanjutnya tikus dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok perlakuan yaitu ekstrak kulit manggis 30 mg/kg BB dan 60 mg/kg BB, ibuprofen dan saline. Tikus dikorbankan pada hari ke-1, 3, 5 dan 7 setelah perlakuan. Jaringan pada bagian anterior rahang bawah ditanam dalam paraffin dan dilakukan pemotongan serial kemudian diwarnai dengan hematoxylin eosin. Jumlah neutrofil dihitung di bawah mikroskop dengan perbesaran 400x. Data jumlah neutrofil dianalisa dengan Two Way Anova. Hasil Two Way Anova menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna rerata sel neutrofil antar kelompok perlakuan (p<0,05) mengindikasikan pemberian ekstrak etanolik kulit manggis berpengaruh terhadap jumlah sel neutrofil. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanolik kulit manggis mampu menurunkan infiltrasi sel neutrofil pada tikus yang diinduksi periodontitis.Neutrophil infiltration in rats with periodontitis after the granting of Ethanolic Extract Skin Mangosteen. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by periodontopathic bacteria. When periodontitis occurs are followed by neutrophil infiltration. Mangosteen rind contains xanthone, an anti-inflammatory substance which inhibits the synthesis of PGE2 and therefore reduces inflammatory cells infiltration. This research aimed to study neutrophil cells infiltration in experimental-induced periodontitis rats after mangosteen rind ethanolic extract administration. Forty-eight male wistar rats were induced the periodontitis by putting silk ligature subgingivally around the neck of the anterior lower teeth for seven days. After the ligation had been taken out, the rats were divided into four groups and treated orally with mangosteen rind extract 60 mg/kg BB, 30 mg/kg BB, ibuprofen, and saline. The rats were sacrificed on the 1st, 3rd, 4th, seventh day after the treatment. Their anterior lower jaws were processed for paraffin embedded tissue, cut serially and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The neutrophil cells were observed and counted under the microscope (400x). The data were analyzed using Anova. Anova result showed a significant difference among group (p<0,05) indicating that mangosteen rind ethanolic extract affected the number of neutrophils. In conclusion, mangosteen rind ethanolic extract reduced the number of neutrophil infiltration in periodontitis rats.

Pembuatan Prothesa Telinga dengan Metode Pencetakan Tiga Lapis Helmi Fathurrahman; Titik Ismiyati; Suparyono Saleh; Haryo Mustiko Dipoyono
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 21, No 1 (2014): August
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Defek telinga unilateral ataupun bilateral dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, diantaranya trauma, kelainan pertumbuhan, atau prosedur pengangkatan kanker. Kondisi ini akan mempengaruhi psikologis pasien karena telinga merupakan organ vital yang membentuk estetika wajah. Salah satu perawatan rehabilitasi pada defek telinga adalah dengan pembuatan protesa telinga. Tahapan penting dari pembuatan protesa telinga adalah mendapatkan cetakan yang akurat untuk membuat pola malam. Teknik pencetakan dalam pembuatan prothesa telinga diantaranya metode reversible hydrocolloid dengan sendok cetak malam, irreversible hydrocolloid dengan sendok cetak kaku dan metode pencetakan tiga lapis. Keunggulan teknik pencetakan tiga lapis adalah mudah di lakukan dan akurasi hasil pencetakan yang baik. Tujuan laporan kasus ini adalah mengaplikasikan teknik pencetakan tiga lapis dalam pembuatan prothesa telinga.Perawatan dilakukan pada seorang pria berusia 14 tahun yang mengalami defek kongenital telinga dextra (unilateral). Langkah pertama dalam pembuatan prothesa yaitu pencetakan telinga normal dan defek, dilanjutkan pembuatan pola malam dan basis protesa, kemudian tahap try in pola malam, processing silikon, dan insersi. Prosedur pencetakan telinga dengan teknik tiga lapis yaitu mengaplikasikan irreversible hidrocolloid pada regio post aurale (lapisan pertama), regio pra aurale, permukaan internal, (lapisan kedua), dan permukaan luar telinga (lapisan ketiga). Hasil pencetakan telinga dengan teknik tiga lapis adalah tiga lapisan irreversible hidrocolloid yang solid dan mudah untuk dipisahkan sehingga menjamin akurasi hasil pengecoran. Kesimpulan laporan kasus ini adalah teknik pencetakan tiga lapis dapat diaplikasikan dalam pembuatan prothesa telinga.Triple Layer Impression Method For Auricular Prosthesis. An unilateral or bilateral auricular defect can be caused by several factors including trauma, congenital malformation or surgical removal of neoplasm. These condition will affect patient psycologic because ear is a vital part of facial aesthetic. One of rehabilitation care of auricular defect is an auricular prosthesis. Important stage of making auricular prosthesis is to obtain accurate impression to make wax pattern. Impression technique including method of reversible hydrocolloid with wax collar, irreversible hydrocolloid with rigid tray and triple layer impression method. The excellence of the triple layer impression technique are easy to do and accuracy of good impression result. The aim of this case report is to apply triple layer impression method in the making of auricular prosthesis. The treatment was done in 14 years old male patient with chief compain of congenitally defect of external dextra ear. First step of making auricular prosthesis is making an impression of defect area and opposite ear, making prothesa basis and wax pattern, try in the wax pattern, sillicone processing, and insertion the prothesa. Triple layer impression method was done in three step, first the impression material was injected to post aurale region (first layer), than injected to internal surface of ear (second layer). Subsequently, the third layer of impression material was partially filled into the tray and external surface of ear.The result of triple layer impression method in the making of auricular prosthesis is triple layer of solid irreversible hydrocolloid but separatable completly. Conclusion of this case report is the triple layer impression method is suitable for making an auricular prosthesis.

Hubungan Body Mass Index dengan Laju Aliran Saliva (Studi pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Andalas) Fildzah Nurul Fajrin; Zulkarnain Agus; Nila Kasuma
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 1, No 2 (2015): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Relationship between Body Mass Index and Saliva Flow Rate (A Study in Faculty of Dentistry, Andalas University). Saliva flow rate is an affecting factor of caries formation. Adequate saliva flow rate can prevent cariess formation process and progression of periodontal disease and oral infection. Nutritional status is known as an influencing factor of saliva flow rate. The parameter of nutritional status is Body Mass Index (BMI). The purpose of this study is to discover the relation between BMI and saliva flow rate in College Students of the Dentistry Faculty Andalas University. This observational study with cross sectional design was conducted to 24 college students of the Dentistry Faculty Andalas University whose ages were 18-25 years old who complied with inclussion and exclussion criteria. BMI was calculated with BMI formula. The saliva flow rate was determined with Sialometry Method of Navazesh 2008 with ”ml/minute” unit. The univariat data analysis was caried out to describe each variable. Normality test Kolmogorov Smirnoff was done to see the normal distribution (p > 0,05). After the distribution was proven to be normal, corelation and regression test was executed to discover the relation between BMI and saliva flow rate. Based on the correlation test result, BMI of college students of the Dentistry Faculty Andalas University is χχ ± SD = 24,6 ± 6,02 kg/m2 and saliva flow rate is χχ ± SD = 0,29 ± 0,1 ml/minute. The relation between BMI and saliva flow rate expresses medium correlation with negative direction ( r = - 0,451). The result of linear regression shows that Saliva Flow Rate = 0,404 - 0,008*(BMI). The coefficient of regression BMI 0.008 shows that increasing 1 unit of BMI will decrease saliva flow rate 0,008 ml/minute. This study concludes that there is correlation between Body Mass Index and saliva flow rate. Obesity group has the lowest saliva flow rate, while the saliva flow rate does not decrease in underweight group.

Perawatan Impaksi Gigi Premolar Pertama Mandibula Pada Maloklusi Angle Klas II Divisi 2 Subdivisi Dengan Teknik Be Apreka Tigor Kusumasmara; Wayan Ardhana; Christnawati Christnawati
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 20, No 1 (2013): August
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Impaksi gigi terjadi karena gigi gagal untuk erupsi secara sempurna pada posisinya akibat terhalang oleh gigi lain maupun jaringan lunak atau padat di sekitarnya. Gigi yang sering mengalami impaksi adalah gigi geraham ketiga rahang bawah, gigi kaninus rahang atas, dan gigi premolar kedua. Impaksi premolar sering terjadi karena pencabutan prematur dari gig geraham desidui. Gigi premolar pertama jarang terjadi impaksi dibandingkan premolar kedua. Tujuan laporan kasus adalah untuk memaparkan penatalaksanaan perawatan untuk mengkoreksi impaksi gigi premolar pertama mandibula menggunakan alat cekat teknik Begg tanpa prosedur bedah. Pria 21 tahun mengeluhkan gigi yang berjejal pada rahang atas dan rahang bawah. Gigi kaninus desidui kiri rahang atas dan rahang bawah belum tanggal. Diagnosis pasien adalah Maloklusi Angle Klas II divisi 2 bimaksiler protrusif dengan hubungan skeletal klas II, gigi anterior maksila retrusif, disertai impaksi gigi premolar pertama mandibula kiri. Perawatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat cekat teknik Begg dan pencabutan gigi desidui, Kesimpulan, impaksi gigi premolar pertama mandibula dapat tercapai pada tahap pertama teknik Begg tanpa pendekatan tindakan bedah, tahap selanjutnya yang akan dicapai adalah tahap memperbaiki inklinasi aksial gigi.Treatment Of Class II Division 2 Angle Malocclusion With Mandibular Premolar Tooth Impaction Using Begg Technique. Tooth impaction is a tooth that fails to erupt perfectly to its position because of the other tooth, surrounding soft or hard tissue that blocks its eruption. Premolar often fails to erupt due to a premature extraction of deciduous molar. This case study aims to illustrate the treatment of mandibular first premolar impaction using Begg technique for fixed appliance. The experiment was conducted to a 21 year-old male patient who complained about his crowding of upper and lower teeth, also the persistence of his upper and lower left deciduous canine. The case was diagnosed as class II division 2 angle malocclusion with bimaxillary protrusion with class II skeletal relation, and maxillary anterior teeth retrusion. The left mandibular of first premolar teeth was impacted. The treatment using Begg technique has helped to fix the appliance with the extraction of the deciduous teeth. From the evaluation, it can be concluded that the treatment of impacted mandibular first premolar is achieved on the first stage of Begg technique without surgical approach. The next objective of the treatment is to correct the teeth axis.

Perbedaan Pola Spektrum Frekuensi Suara Pengucapan Daftar Tutur Kata Bahasa Indonesia pada Anak dengan Geligi Protrusif (Kajian pada Anak Laki-Laki Umur 9 dan 12 Tahun) Rinaldi Budi Utomo
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 1, No 2 (2015): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Difference of Sound Frequency Spectrum Pattern of Pronunciation of Indonesian Speech List in Children with Protrusive Teeth (In 9-12 Year Old Male Children). Clarity of pronouncations for early detection of oral disorders in children has been standardized into an Indonesian speech list that is popularly spoken by primary school children, but it requires a clinical application to be used as a speech test tool lists. The purpose of this study is that the standardized Indonesian speech list can be applied clinically in the case of Angle Class I malocclusion with protrusive anterior teeth in male children aged 9 and 12 years. The list is expected to be used as a test tool for speech disorders by looking at the spectrum patterns of speech sound frequency using Readability Meter tool. The arrangement of Indonesian speech list that is popular at children in school age is a contribution to the development of early detection of cavum oris abnormalities that occur in children to ease and accelerate the determination of diagnosis. This study was conducted using analytical epidemiological method with cross sectional design; the subjects were observed one time. The subjects were 24 male children from Javanese ethnic; 12 of there were 9 years old and the other 12 were 12 years old with protrusive anterior teeth and overjet 3-4 mm. Both of the groups pronounced the Indonesian speech list containing the dominant sound frequency in malocclusion Angle class I protrusive variation in the form of words /bakteri/, /demokrasi/, /formulir/, /konveksi/, /limbah/, /nasional/, /ringkas/, /samudera/, /takjub/, /ventilasi/. The recording was directly conducted in a soundproof room through sound recorder program using flat microphones and sound processing mixer. Then, the dominant sound frequency (Hz) and the display of the spectrum patterns of the sound frequency was measured using Cool Edit Pro 2.0 and Excel software. An Excel analysis shows highly significant differences between male children aged 9 years and 12 years in Angle Class I malocclusion with protrusive variations in speech of 10 Indonesian words with the coefficient of determination “R” in the equation chart of spectrum patterns of sound frequency. Male children aged 9 years have a spectrum pattern of sound frequency which is lower and flatter than those aged 12 years.

Waktu Produksi Yolk Immunoglobulin (IGY) Kuning Telur Ayam yang Diimunisasi Streptococcus mutans Mufidana Azis; Dhinintya Hyta N; Aurita Siwi R; Kristiyani Dwi M; Norma Dias L; Juni Handajani
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 20, No 1 (2013): August
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Prevalensi karies di Indonesia menunjukkan angka yang tinggi. Karies diketahui sebagai penyakit multifaktorial rongga mulut yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Salah satu metode terbaru pencegahan karies gigi, yaitu, melalui imunisasi pasif menggunakan antibodi kuning telur ayam (Yolk Immunoglobulin/IgY). Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan waktu produksi IgY bervariasi dengan perbedaan teknik pengujian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk memproduksi IgY kuning telur ayam yang diimunisasi S. mutans. Metode penelitian menggunakan 4 ekor ayam Hysex Brown sebagai kelompok perlakuan dan 1 ekor ayam sebagai kontrol. Suspensi S. mutans diinjeksikan pada ayam saat minggu pertama hari ke-1,2,3, kemudian ditambahkan Freund Adjuvant pada minggu ke-2 hingga minggu ke-4. Koleksi kuning telur ayam dilakukan mulai minggu ke-2 setelah imunisasi. Untuk mengetahui efektivitas vaksinasi dan keberadaan S.mutans, kuning telur ayam selanjutnya diuji dengan AGPT (Agar Gel Precipitation Test) dan hasilnya dinyatakan positif apabila terbentuk presipitasi diantara sumuran antigen dan antibodi.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil positif pada kuning telur ayam minggu ke-5. Disimpulkan bahwa waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk produksi IgY spesifik S. mutans pada kuning telur ayam mulai minggu ke-5 setelah imunisasi.Production Time of Yolk Immunoglobulin (Igy) Yellow Chicken Egg Immunized with Streptococcus mutans. Dental caries prevalence in Indonesia appears in high rate. Caries is known as a multifactorial disease in oral cavity caused by Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The latest method to prevent dental caries is through passive immunization using chicken yolk antibody (Yolk Immunoglobulin /IgY). Some researches showed the variation of IgY production time using different testing technique. The purpose of this research is to determine the time required to produce IgY chicken yolk immunized by S. mutans. For the method, this research uses 4 chickens of Hysex Brown as the treatment group and a chicken as the control. S. mutans suspension is injected to the chicken from 1st, 2nd, and 3rdday in the first week; Freund Adjuvant was added in the 2ndtill 4thweeks. Collection of chicken yolk was started at 2ndweek after immunization. The chicken yolk then was tested using Agar Gel Precipitation Test (AGPT) to know the effectiveness of vaccination and the existence of S.mutans. The result of the test can be positive if it forms precipitation between antigen and antibody wells. The result has shown a positive response in chicken yolk in the 5thweek. From the test, it can be concluded that the time required for the production of IgY specific against S. mutans in chicken yolk is in the beginning of 5thweek after immunization.

Efektivitas Busur Multiloop Edgewise Pada Kasus Crowding Berat Disertai Palatal Bite Nolista Indah Rasyid; Prihandini Iman; JCP Heryumani
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2 (2014): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Mekanisme perawatan dengan Multiloop Edge Wise (MEAW) efisien dalam melakukan koreksi maloklusi berat dengan defleksi tekanan yang sangat rendah. Tujuan pemaparan kasus adalah evaluasi perawatan crowding berat disertai palatal bite menggunakan multiloop edgewise archwire. Seorang laki laki 15 tahun dengan maloklusi Angle kelas I tipe 1,4, skeletal kelas I dengan bimaksilari retrusif disertai bidental protrusif. Crowding berat pada regio anterior dan posterior serta palatal bite pada gigi 12, 11, 21, 22 terhadap 42, 41, 31, 32, scissor bite pada gigi 15 terhadap 45, overjet 6,21 mm dan overbite 6,04 mm. Bentuk lengkung gigi pada rahang atas parabola asimetri sedang pada rahang bawahomega asimetri. Lengkung gigi regio posterior mengalami kontraksi lateral dan lengkung gigi kearah anterior mengalami protraksi. Perawatan kasus dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat cekat teknik Edgewise dengan multiloop pada regio anterior dan posterior disertai pencabutan empat gigi premolar pertama. Hasil perawatan setelah 6 bulan menunjukkan crowding, palatal bite, dan scissor bite terkoreksi. Overjet menjadi 4,20 mm dan overbite 3,90 mm. Bentuk lengkung pada rahang atas dan rahang bawah menjadi parabola simetris. Jarak intermolar rahang atas bertambah sebesar 2,11 mm dan rahang bawah bertambah sebesar 1,22 mm. Effectiveness of multiloop edge wise arch in severe crowded case accompanied by palatal bite. MEAW appliance is a tehnique which is able to efficiently treat many cases including severe crowding with very low load deflection. The objectives of this study is to evaluate the treatment of severe crowding malocclusion with palatal bite using multiloop edgewise archwire. A 15 years old man with Angle class I type 1,4 malocclussion, class I sceletal with bimaxillary retrusion and bidental protusion. Severe crowding malocclusion in anterior and posterior region, palatal bite in 12, 11, 21, 22 to 42, 41, 31, 32, scissor bite in 15 to 45, overjet 6,21 mm and overbite 6,04 mm. asymmetry in both of dental arch, but the shape of the upper arch was parabola and lower arch was omega. Contraction of dental arch in posterior region and protraction in anterior region. This case was treated with extraction of four first premolar using multiloop edgewise arcwire tehnique, the loops were placed in anterior and posterior region. After six month of treatment the result showed that MEAW could correct severe crowding, palatal bite and scissor bite. Overjet became 4,20 mm and overbite became 3,90 mm. Shape of upper and lower dental arch became symmetric parabola. Upper intermolar increased 2,11 mm and lower intermolar 1,22 mm.

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