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INDONESIA
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 24600164     EISSN : 24422576     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.36959
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 582 Documents
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Effect of chitosan–hydroxyapatite scaffolds seeded with cryopreserved hADMSCs on bone sialoprotein secretion Michael Josef Kridanto Kamadjaja; Mefina Kuntjoro; Chandrasasi Berlian Pratiwi; Audrey Luisa Hartanli
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 11, No 3 (2025): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.110209

Abstract

Tooth extraction can lead to alveolar bone resorption, requiring regenerative approaches using biomaterial scaffolds combined with stem cells. Chitosan–hydroxyapatite (CS–HA), a well-established scaffold that mimics the composition of human bone, combined with stem cells represents a promising strategy to promote bone formation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chitosan–hydroxyapatite (CS-HA) scaffolds seeded with cryopreserved human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) on bone sialoprotein (BSP) secretion. The hADMSCs used in this study were commercially obtained cryopreserved cells (ATCC® PCS-500-011™) and were characterized by flow cytometry. Scaffolds were fabricated using a freeze-drying method by combining chitosan and hydroxyapatite in a 1 : 1 ratio, followed by freezing at −80 °C. A post-test-only control group design was employed, consisting of 36 samples divided into three groups: positive control (CS-HA + hADMSCs + a-MEM), negative control (hADMSCs + osteogenic medium), and treatment (CS-HA + hADMSCs + osteogenic medium), and BSP levels were subsequently quantified on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 using ELISA. One-way ANOVA demonstrated a significant difference among groups (p = 0.000), with the highest BSP secretion observed in treatment group on day 14 (BSP levels 44.29 ± 2.58), followed by treatment group on day 28 (BSP levels 46.19 ± 7.64).  The significantly elevated BSP secretion in the treatment group on day 14 demonstrates osteoinductive characteristics of the CS-HA scaffold, supporting its potential application in bone tissue engineering and regeneration.
The effect of oil palm empty fruit bunch (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) fiber addition at various volume fractions on the compressive strength of flowable composite resin Heikal Faried Abdullah; Rahmi Khairani Aulia; Aria Fransiska
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 11, No 3 (2025): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.111004

Abstract

Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fibers have emerged as a promising natural alternative to synthetic fibers due to their mechanical strength and biocompatibility, although research on their use as a reinforcing in composite resin remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of OPEFB fiber incorporation on the compressive strength of flowable composite resin. A true experimental design with a post-test-only control group was employed. The OPEFB fibers underwent chemical and double silane treatments and were randomly oriented prior to incorporation. Fifteen cylindrical specimens (6 mm × 12 mm) were allocated into three groups based on fiber volume fraction (0%, 1%, and 1.5%). Compressive strength was tested using a universal testing machine following ASTM D-695 standards. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (p < 0.05) followed by a post-hoc Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. The mean compressive strength of flowable composite resins at 0%, 1%, and 1.5% OPEFB fiber volume fractions were 261.99 ± 17.64, 301.20 ± 19.26, 368.52 ± 14.90 MPa. One-way ANOVA test showed that the mean compressive strength in the three groups was significantly different (p < 0.05). The post-hoc LSD test showed significant differences (p < 0.05) among all groups. This study concluded that the incorporation of OPEFB fiber can enhance the compressive strength of flowable composite resin, with the highest reinforcement observed at the 1.5% OPEFB fiber volume fraction.
Do different flap designs have negligible impacts on the removal of mandibular third molars? Astrodita Adya Seta; Pingky Krisna Arindra; Erdananda Haryosuwandito
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 11, No 3 (2025): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.111285

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate various flap incision techniques utilized in the mandibular third molar removal surgery. A systematic review with a qualitative approach was conducted. Data were obtained from published journals through manual database searches via Scopus, ScienceDirect, and PubMed covering the period from 2000 to 2024, using predetermined keywords related to the topic. The PRISMA statement guidelines were followed, including the use of the official flow chart. Twenty-one journals were identified and analyzed to compare different flap designs in mandibular third molar extraction procedures, focusing on their relationship with wound healing processes and complication rates. Comparative analysis of flap incision techniques was performed through systematic evaluation of multiple journal data. Both envelope and triangular flaps demonstrated comparable healing times in third molar extraction procedures. The envelope flap, while minimally invasive, showed association with dry socket occurrence. The triangular flap provided superior surgical access and demonstrated pain reduction following mandibular third molar surgery. The pedicle flap showed effectiveness in preventing dry socket and alveolar osteitis. In addition, the Lingual-based triangular flap proved superior to buccal-based triangular flap in controlling postoperative pain, swelling, and trismus while reducing overall complications. This analysis demonstrates that flap design selection significantly influences postoperative outcomes in mandibular third molar surgical procedures. Both triangular and envelope flap can be considered for the procedure of mandibular wisdom teeth removal.
Effect of immersion in effervescent granules of watermelon rind (Citrullus lanatus) extract on the surface roughness of artificial teeth Aria Fransiska; Alifia Sabilla; Desy Purnama Sari; Fidya Meditia Putri
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 11, No 3 (2025): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.112104

Abstract

Artificial teeth elements are essential components of removable dentures. Inadequate cleaning can lead to the accumulation of microorganisms, which may cause denture stomatitis. Alkaline peroxide effervescent tablets are commonly used denture cleansers. However, prolonged use may increase the surface roughness of artificial teeth. To address this, an alternative natural-based cleanser has been formulated using red watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) rind extract in effervescent granule form. Effervescent granules of watermelon rind extract have potential as an alternative denture cleanser due to their antibacterial properties. The effervescent reaction helps mechanically remove plaque and debris while inhibiting the growth of microorganisms that cause odor and infection. This formulation is practical, natural, and economical. The study aims to evaluate the effect of immersion in effervescent granules containing watermelon rind extract on the surface roughness of artificial teeth. This was a laboratory experimental study using acrylic resin-based artificial teeth. Samples were divided into three treatment groups: aquadest, alkaline peroxide effervescent solution, and watermelon rind effervescent granule solution (n = 5). Surface roughness was measured using a Surface Roughness Tester, and data were analyzed with the Kruskal–Wallis test (p < 0.05). The mean surface roughness values after immersion in aquadest, alkaline peroxide solution, and watermelon rind effervescent granules were 0.140 ± 0.026 µm, 0.616 ± 0.213 µm, and 0.670 ± 0.041 µm, respectively. The findings demonstrate that immersion in effervescent granules containing watermelon rind extract significantly increases the surface roughness of artificial teeth. Further formulation development is recommended to optimize its potential as a natural denture cleanser.
Effect of pineapple core extract on growth and saliva stimulation in Stunted Rats Munifah Abdat; Maida Fitri; Citra Feriana Putri; Salma Salsabilla
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 11, No 3 (2025): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.113844

Abstract

Stunting refers to a condition of short stature in toddlers due to delayed growth from the prenatal period until the age of 24 months. Chronic malnutrition in stunted toddlers leads to protein deficiency; therefore, active substances are needed for maximum protein absorption. Pineapple core (Ananas comosus) contains bromelainenzymes and citric acid, whichcan enhance protein absorption in conditions of chronic malnutrition and increase saliva flow rate.This study aims to investigate the effect of pineapple core extract on growth parameters and saliva flow rate in stunted Wistar rats. This study involved 16 male Wistar rats, which were divided into four groups: a negative control group (no treatment), a treatment group (75% pineapple core extract), a positive control group 1 (FeSo4 supplements), and positive control group 2 (pilocarpine hydrochloride). Growth parameters and saliva flow rate were measured before and after pineapple core extract treatment. The research results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukeys test, which showed a significant difference between the treatment group and the other groups in body weight (p = 0.037), body length (p = 0.028), tail length (p = 0.003), and saliva flow rate (p = 0.000). Administration of 75% pineapple core extract resulted in increased growth parameters (body weight, body length, and tail length) and saliva flow rate in stunted rats.
Mastication muscle activity in boys aged 13-15 years with one-sided chewing habit Akbar Dwipasya Haliyudha Warokka; Putri Kusuma Wardani Mahendra; Sri Kuswandari
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.111064

Abstract

Unilateral chewing is commonly observed among adolescents aged 13–15 years and may contribute to masticatory muscle imbalance during craniofacial growth. This study aimed to compare masseter and temporalis muscle activity between adolescents with unilateral and bilateral chewing habits. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted, involving 34 male adolescents divided equally into unilateral (n=17) and bilateral chewing groups (n=17). To classify chewing patterns, participants were instructed to chew gum seven times within a 15-second period. Subjects consistently chewing on the same side were categorized as unilateral chewers, whereas those chewing on the same side only four times were classified as bilateral chewers. The dominant side was defined as the side exhibiting greater chewing activity. Surface electromyography (sEMG) was used to measure masseter and temporalis muscle activity during maximal clenching for 5 seconds, repeated three times. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests with a 95% confidence level. In the unilateral chewing group, masseter activity was significantly higher on the dominant side (11.92 ± 1.59 µV) than on the non-dominant side (9.99 ± 1.45 µV) (p < 0.05). Temporalis muscle activity showed a similar pattern (14.21 ± 2.50 µV vs. 12.09 ± 1.42 µV; p < 0.05). No significant side differences were found in the bilateral chewing group (p > 0.05). In conclusion, unilateral chewing in adolescents is associated with increased muscle activity on the dominant side, whereas bilateral chewing demonstrates more balanced masticatory muscle activity.
Apexification using mineral trioxide aggregate and intracanal post in non-vital upper left lateral incisor Wisna Darmastuti; Naresworo Apsari; Wignyo Hadriyanto; Tunjung Nugraheni
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.91426

Abstract

Trauma to young permanent dentitions often occurs. The prevalence of incisor maxillae is quite high. This causes pulp necrosis, which results in dental pulp roots that are not completely formed and apical closure stops. As a result, apex is wide and open. The opening of apex caused by trauma can be coped with apexification. This procedure as first treatment is used for the formation of apical barrier, which can close the apex, before applying gutta-percha. This case report seeks to show the achievement of apex closure in one visit treatment using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in incisor lateral non vital maxillae caused by dental trauma. A 16-year-old male patient admitted to falling from a motorcycle accident 2 months prior. His incisor lateral maxillae left ¾ of its crown, while the orthodontic appliance remained fixed on his teeth. A clinical examination of non-vital teeth used the fracture Ellis IV class with open apex, confirmed with periapical radiograph and CBCT. Apexification in one visit treatment with MTA was performed before a root canal treatment. In the following visit, gutta-percha was cut and fiber post installed, followed by direct resin composite restoration using mock up technique. In conclusion, apexification in one visit treatment using MTA can accelerate treatment with formation of calcium barrier to allow obturation using gutta-percha. This is followed by intracanal retention after treatment to prevent fracture and direct final restoration.
Correlation of vertical parameters with facial proportions: cephalogram evaluation of class II malocclusion cases at the orthodontic clinic Dina Ardananeswari; Krisnawati Krisnawati; Nia Ayu Ismaniati
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.92971

Abstract

Class II malocclusion exhibits a significant correlation with diverse vertical skeletal patterns. Various vertical analyses have been widely used to see the height of face, but their reference points produce different interpretations. Therefore, it is necessary to use more than one vertical parameter as a reference in establishing orthodontic diagnosis and treatment plans. In addition, facial proportions can also be used to assess vertical components. Moving on from this, it will be known whether there is a correlation of vertical parameters with facial proportions in cases of class II malocclusion in non-growing individuals ages > 19 years. Discover the correlation between vertical parameters and facial proportions in skeletal class II malocclusion. A total of 65 cephalometric class II malocclusions that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were obtained from the Orthodontic Clinic of Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia. The cephalogram was measured to determine the angles of A point to B point (ANB), maxillary mandibular plane angle (MMPA), lower anterior facial height (LAFH) and facial axis. The correlation between MMPA and LAFH was analyzed using the Spearman correlation test, while the facial axis and LAFH were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test. Average class II malocclusion patients have a mean ANB value of 7.03º with an MMPA angle of 30.78º. The average portion of LAFH is 55.05% with a facial axis of 84.11º. The findings of this study indicate that there is a correlation between MMPA and LAFH, but there is no correlation between facial axis and LAFH. This study indicates that greater MMPA angle values of class II malocclusion in non-growing patients ages > 19 years will result in a high lower proportion, and vice versa.
Management of oral manifestation of toxic epidermal necrolysis due to antituberculosis drugs Dwi Handayani; Anandina Irmagita Soegyanto; Indriasti Indah Wardhany
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.97512

Abstract

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is severe and potentially fatal hypersensitivity reactions, frequently triggered by drugs, characterized by extensive epidermal detachment on mucocutaneous. Drugs that have adverse effects on TEN are antibiotics, anticonvulsants, antiviral, antitubercular, uric acid lowering and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). This case report discusses the management of TEN oral manifestations caused by anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATD). A 56-year-old male inpatient at Universitas Indonesia Hospital (RSUI) was referred to Oral Medicine Unit due to dry and bleeding lips. He was diagnosed with TEN due to ATD. Extra oral examination showed brown crust on upper and lower circumoral area and blackish red crusts on the upper and lower lips with minor bleeding. Intra oral examination revealed multiple erosions, ulcers, and poor oral hygiene. The established working diagnosis was oral manifestation of TEN, which was managed with NaCl 0.9% solution, clobetasol propionate 0.05% and Vaseline® album concoction, antibiotic cream, chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% mouthwash, and educating the patient to maintain oral hygiene. The therapy improved the patient’s condition. In the comprehensive management of TEN, dentists play an important role in treating oral manifestations and improving patient’s oral health through adequate food intake and nutritional balance for better quality of life and prognosis.
Potential of bromelain from Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. as an irrigation material for dental root canals Nadia Ayesha Salsabila; Laksmi Aristha Bhanuwati; Fidela Desfitria Zahra; Wigya Aulia Nastiti; Alma Aura Iryandari; Intan Puspita; Juni Handajani
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.98693

Abstract

Dental caries remains a significant oral health problem worldwide, with untreated cases potentially causing pulp damage that requires endodontic treatment. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), the most commonly used root canal irrigant, can be toxic to pulp cells. This study evaluated bromelain enzyme from pineapple core (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) as an alternative irrigant with high antibacterial activity and low toxicity. Bromelain concentrations of 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% were tested for their effects on pulp cell viability, confluence, and antibiofilm activity againstEnterococcus faecalis. Results showed that 50% bromelain maintained high pulp cell viability and confluence while inhibiting 70% of E. faecalis biofilm formation (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that bromelain extract from pineapple core has potential as a root canal irrigant, but further in vivo studies and formulation optimization are needed before clinical application.  

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