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Global Medical and Health Communication
Published by Universitas Islam Bandung
ISSN : 23019123     EISSN : 24605441     DOI : https://doi.org/10.29313/gmhc
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Nursing Public Health
Global Medical and Health Communication is a journal that publishes research articles on medical and health published every 4 (four) months (April, August, and December). Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. Subjects suitable for publication include but are not limited to the following fields of anesthesiology and intensive care, biochemistry, biomolecular, cardiovascular, child health, dentistry, dermatology and venerology, endocrinology, environmental health, epidemiology, geriatric, hematology, histology, histopathology, immunology, internal medicine, nursing sciences, midwifery, nutrition, nutrition and metabolism, obstetrics and gynecology, occupational health, oncology, ophthalmology, oral biology, orthopedics and traumatology, otorhinolaryngology, pharmacology, pharmacy, preventive medicine, public health, pulmonology, radiology, and reproductive health.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
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Ekstrak Daun Sirih (Piper betle Linn.) dalam Mempercepat Penyembuhan Luka Pramana, Komang A.; Darsono, Lusiana; Evacuasiany, Endang; S, Slamet
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 2, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Bandung

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Abstrak Luka merupakan sebuah cedera pada tubuh yang sering terjadi di dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Berbagai usaha dilakukan untuk menyembuhkan luka, mulai dari mencuci luka, pemberian antiseptik, sampai menggunakan bagian dari tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah sediaan salep yang mengandung ekstrak etanol daun sirih (Piper betle Linn.) dapat mempercepat penyembuhan luka. Penelitian ini bersifat prospektif eksperimental uji praklinis sungguhan, menggunakan rancangan percobaan acak lengkap (RAL) dan komparatif. Hewan coba yang digunakan adalah 25 ekor mencit betina dewasa galur Swiss Webster. Kulit paha masing-masing mencit dicukur bulunya, lalu dibuat luka sayat sampai dermis sepanjang 8 mm. Mencit dibagi dalam 5 kelompok secara acak, kelompok pertama diberikan vaselin album secara topikal, kelompok kedua diberikan salep povidon iodin 10% secara topikal, kelompok ketiga diberikan salep ekstrak etanol daun sirih (EEDS I) 10% secara topikal, kelompok keempat diberikan salep (EEDS II) 20% secara topikal, dan kelompok kelima diberikan salep (EEDS III) 30% secara topikal. Data yang diukur adalah lama waktu penyembuhan luka sampai luka menutup sempurna dalam hari. Analisis data menggunakan metode one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) dilanjutkan dengan Tukey HSD dengan α=0,05. Diperoleh waktu rata-rata yang diperlukan (hari) oleh setiap kelompok untuk penyembuhan luka, pada kelompok I adalah 7,2; kelompok II 5,8; kelompok III 5,8; kelompok IV 5,6; dan kelompok V 6,2 (p=0,016). Berdasarkan Uji beda rata-rata Tukey HSD, didapatkan perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok I dan kelompok II (p=0,043), kelompok III (p=0,043), serta kelompok IV (p=0,017). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah sediaan salep yang mengandung ekstrak etanol daun sirih (Piper betle Linn.) dapat mempercepat penyembuhan luka pada mencit. Kata kunci: Ekstrak etanol daun sirih, penyembuhan luka, salep Piper Betle Extract (Piper betle Linn.) to Improve Healing Process Abstract Wound is an injury at the body that usually happen in daily activity. Many kind of treatment is taken to heal the wound like washing and cleaning the wound, using antiseptic, and using part of the plant. Objective of this research was to understand the effect of Piper betle etanol extract ointment to improve the wound healing process. This research is an experimental, using randomized control design. The animals were 25 adults Swiss Webster mice. The hair on each mouse’s thigh was cut and a 8 mm incision was made on the skin. The mice randomly divided into five groups, the first group treated with vaseline album topically, the second group treated with povidone iodine 10% ointment topically, the third group were given Piper betle etanol extract 10% ointment, the fourth group were given Piper betle etanol extract 20% ointment, and the fifth group were given Piper betle etanol extract 30% ointment. The intervention and measurement were done every day until the wound heal perfectly. The results showed that the average time needed (days) to heal perfectly in 1st group was 7.2, 2nd group was 5.8, 3rd group was 5.8, 4th group was 5.6, and 5th group was 6.2 (p=0.016). The average difference using Tukey HSD showed significant difference between 1st group and 2nd group (p=0.043), 3rd group (p=0.043), and 4th group (p=0.017). It is concluded that the treatment with Piper betle etanol extract as ointment increases the velocity of wound healing on mice. Key words: Ointment, piper betle etanol extract, wound healing
Biji Cempedak (Artocarpus integrifolia) terhadap Aktivitas Fagositosis pada Mencit Jantan Galur Swiss Rahmawati, Irma; Triyani, Yani; Nilapsari, Rika
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 2, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Bandung

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Abstrak Berdasarkan data World Health Organization (WHO) tahun 2008, dari 56 juta kematian, 21 juta kematian diakibatkan penyakit infeksi dan sisanya diakibatkan penyakit noninfeksi. Salah satu hal yang dapat ditingkatkan untuk mencegah penyakit yaitu dengan meningkatkan kemampuan sistem imun sel pejamu. Salah satu obat tradisional yang dapat meningkatkan sistem imun adalah biji cempedak (Artocarpus integrifolia). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menilai pengaruh ekstrak air biji cempedak terhadap peningkatan aktivitas fagositosis pada mencit jantan galur Swiss. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Departemen Farmakologi Klinik Unpad dan Laboratorium Biomedik I Fakultas Kedokteran Unisba. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan 24 ekor mencit jantan galur Swiss sebagai subjek penelitian yang dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok. Kelompok I diberi air dan makanan pelet, kelompok II diberi phosphat buffer saline (PBS) sebagai kontrol standar, kelompok III diberi produk imunomodulator sebagai kontrol positif, kelompok IV diberi prednison sebagai kontrol negatif, kelompok V diberi ekstrak air biji cempedak 500 μg/mL PBS dan kelompok VI diberi ekstrak air biji cempedak 1.000 μg/ mL PBS. Setiap kelompok diberikan perlakuan selama 7 hari. Pada hari terakhir, dilakukan pengukuran aktivitas fagositosis melalui uji bersihan karbon. Data dianalisis menggunakan one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan Posthoc test Tukey HSD. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa pemberian ekstrak air biji cempedak dosis 500 μg tidak memberikan pengaruh pada peningkatan aktivitas fagositosis, sedangkan dosis 1.000 μg memberikan efek penurunan aktivitas fagositosis. Hasil penelitian ini belum dapat membuktikan efek ekstrak air biji cempedak sebagai imunostimulan. Kata kunci: Aktivitas fagositosis, ekstrak air biji cempedak, mencit jantan galur Swiss Cempedak Seeds (Artocarpus integrifolia) to Phagocytic Activity in Male Mice Swiss Strain Abstract According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2008, from 56 million deaths, 21 million deaths caused by infectious and the remnant caused by non infectious diseases. One of the things that could be improved to prevent the disease is to improve the ability of the immune system of the host cell. One of the traditional medicines that can enhance the immune system is Cempedak seeds (Artocarpus integrifolia). The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of the aqueous extract of the Cempedak seeds to increase phagocytic activity in male mice Swiss strain. This study was held at Laboratory of Department Clinical Pharmacology Unpad and Laboratory Biomedic I Unisba. This was an experimental study with 24 Swiss strains male mice divided into 6 groups. Group I was given water and pellets, group II was given phosphat buffer saline (PBS) as a control standard, group III was given immunomodulatory product as a positive control, group IV was given prednisone as a negative control, group V was given aqueous extract of Cempedak seeds 500 μg/mL PBS and group VI was given aqueous extract of Cempedak seeds 1,000 μg/mL PBS. Each group received the treatment for 7 days. On the last day, we measured phagocytic activity by carbon clearance test. The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Posthoc test Tukey HSD. The result of this study showed that the aqueous extract of Cempedak seeds of 500 μg did not give effect to an increase in phagocytic activity while the dose of 1,000 μg decreased phagocytic activity. The results cannot prove the effect of aqueous extract of Cempedak seeds as immunostimulants. Key words: Aqueous extract of cempedak seeds, male mice strain Swiss, phagocytic activity
Socio Cultural Factors in the Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis: a Case of Pare-Pare Municipality South Sulawesi Respati, Titik; Sufrie, Aisyah
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 2, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Bandung

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Abstract Traditional healers still play an important part in the daily life of people in Pare-pare municipality. This study was to examine the cultural model for the implementation of tuberculosis control program.This study used qualitative research methods. Semi structured in-depth interview were used to collect the data. Respondents of this study were traditional healer, community leader and TB patients. The findings of the study suggest that traditional healers can play an important part in the tuberculosis program, because people tend to visit them the first instance for health care. The understanding and knowledge about tuberculosis of traditional healers is very limited, they believe God caused it, and only God can cure the disease. Based on the findings of the study, recommendations were made for enhancing the problem by including socio cultural factors that influence tuberculosis control program in Parepare municipality. They are strengthening the understand and knowledge about tuberculosis, providing health education with a view to balancing traditional beliefs and eradicating harmful beliefs, improving referrals to health clinics, providing health education and better communication in the community.  Key words: Health education, spiritual beliefs, tuberculosis program, traditional healer Faktor Sosio Kultural pada Terapi Tuberkulosis Paru: Kasus di Kotamadya Pare-pare Sulawesi Selatan Abstrak Dukun tradisional masih memegang peranan penting dalam kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat di Pare-pare. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan model budaya dalam implementasi program pencegahan tuberkulosis (TB). Penelititan ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan wawancara terstruktur. Responden pada penelitian ini adalah dukun, tokoh masyarakat, dan penderita TB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dukun dapat memegang peran sangat penting dalam program pencegahan TB karena masyarakat biasanya datang ke dukun sebagai penolong pertama untuk orang sakit. Pengertian dan pengetahuan dukun mengenai TB sangat terbatas. Mereka beranggapan bahwa Tuhan yang menjadi penyebab penyakit dan hanya Tuhan yang dapat menyembuhkan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, beberapa rekomendasi perlu diperhatikan untuk meningkatkan program pencegahan dan pemberantasan TB dengan mengikutsertakan faktor sosial budaya dalam aktivitasnya. Beberapa di antaranya adalah dengan memperkuat pengetahuan dan pengertian dukun tenang TB, memberikan edukasi dengan memperhatikan pandangan kepercayaan lokal, dan menghilangkan kepercayaan yang membahayakan. Selain itu, akses terhadap pelayanan kesehatan serta komunikasi dengan petugas kesehatan perlu ditingkatkan.   Kata kunci: Dukun, kepercayaan, pendidikan kesehatan, program TB 
Perbandingan Fungsi Paru Juru Parkir Basement dengan Juru Parkir Ruang Terbuka di Kota Bandung Trissekti, Galih; Kusmiati, Mia; Budiman, Budiman
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 2, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Bandung

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Abstrak Polusi udara bertanggung jawab atas 3,1 juta kematian seluruh dunia setiap tahunnya. Efek buruk dari polusi udara berdasarkan penelitian pada tiga lokasi berbeda di Beijing, Cina tahun 1986, menyatakan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi polusi udara sebesar 1 mikrogram/m3 mampu menurunkan forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) sebesar 35,6 mL. Populasi yang berisiko mengalami masalah pernapasan akibat terpapar asap kendaraan yang dapat terhirup setiap waktu ini secara jangka panjang, salah satunya adalah juru parkir. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbandingan fungsi paru juru parkir basement dengan juru parkir ruang terbuka di Kota Bandung periode Januari–Juni2014. Desain penelitian bersifat analitik kuantitatif dengan rancangan potong lintang terhadap masig-masing 33 subjek yang berprofesi sebagai juru parkir basement dan juru parkir ruang terbuka. Terlebih dahulu dilakukan pengukuran data karakteristik fisik berupa usia (tahun) dan IMT (kg/m2), selanjutnya dilakukan pengukuran fungsi paru menggunakan parameter FEV1, forced vital capacity (FVC), dan FEV1/FVC dengan spirometri, kemudian dibandingkan antara kedua kelompok juru parkir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai median FEV1 juru parkir basement (3.300 mL, range 2.600–4.400 mL) dan juru parkir ruang terbuka (3.000 mL, range 2.300–3.800 mL) dengan nilai p=0,011. Nilai FVC rata-rata juru parkir basement (3.587,88 ± 470,21 mL) dan juru parkir ruang terbuka (3.287,88 ± 478,77 mL) dengan nilai p=0,013. Nilai median FEV1/FVC juru parkir basement (0,94; range 0,79–0,98) dan juru parkir ruang terbuka (0,92; range 0,77–0,97) dengan nilai p=0,016.Simpulan hasil penelitian menunjukkan fungsi paru yang digambarkan dengan FEV1, FVC, dan FEV1/FVC pada juru parkir basement lebih baik daripada juru parkir ruang terbuka.   Kata kunci: Fungsi paru, juru parkir basement, juru parkir ruang terbuka The Comparison of Lung Function between Basement Parking and Street Parking Attendants in Bandung City Abstract Air pollutions responsible for 3.1 milion death in the world every years. The bad effect from it according to research in three different places of Beijing (1986) reveal that enhancement 1 microgram/m3 of air pollution concentration can cause reduction forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) about 35.6mL. Population with high risk to have respiratory disorder as consequence exposed to vehicle’s smoke that can inhaled anytime and long-term, one of which is parking attendants. This research is therefore conducted to obtain comparison of lung function between basement parking attendants and street parking attendants in Bandung city period January–June 2014. This research design is quantitative analysis with cross sectional method towards each 33 subjects that worked as basement parking attendants and street parking attendants. The demography characteristic such as age (years old) and BMI (kg/m2). Further performed test of lung function with parameters: FEV1, forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC by spirometer, furthermore compared between the two groups of parking attendants. The research result showed that FEV1 median score of basement parking attendants (3,300 mL, range 2,600–4,400 mL) and street parking attendants (3,000 mL, range 2,300–3,800 mL) with p=0.011. The FVC average score of basement parking attendants (3,587.88 ± 470.21 mL) and street parking attendants (3,287.88 ± 478.77 mL) with p=0.013. The FEV1/FVC median score of basement parking attendants (0.94; range 0.79–0.98) and street parking attendants (0.92; range 0.77–0.97) with p=0.016. In conclusion lung function described by FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC in basement parking attendants are better than street parking attendants, with all score are significant.   Key words: Basement parking attendant, lung function, street parking attendants 
Hubungan Jumlah Sel Limfosit dengan Usia dan Status Nutrisi pada Penderita Tuberkulosis Sahal, Yura Pramesti; Afghani, Apen; Nilapsari, Rika
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 2, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Bandung

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Abstrak   Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah infeksi sistemik yang diakibatkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis dan dapat mempengaruhi sistem imunologi. Indikator  perubahan sistem imunologi seseorang dapat dilihat dari perubahan jumlah sel limfosit. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui jumlah limfosit dan status imunologi yang dilihat dari karakteristik usia dan status nutrisi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan potongan melintang yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan rekam medis. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan total sampling dan didapatkan 41 sampel penderita TB paru di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Al-Ihsan Bandung pada periode Januari-Mei 2013. Data yang didapatkan dilakukan uji statistika dengan menggunakan uji Kolmogorov Smirnov. Hasil subjek yang didapatkan pada penelitian ini terdiri atas limfopenia 35 (85%) kasus dan normal 6 (15%) kasus. Setelah dilakukan uji statistik didapatkan tidak terdapat hubungan jumlah sel limfosit dengan usia pada penderita TB (p=0.692) dan tidak terdapat hubungan antara jumlah sel limfosit dengan status nutrisi penderita TB (p=0.996). Simpulan, tidak terdapat hubungan jumalh sel limfosit dengan usia dan status nutrisi.  Kata kunci : Tuberkulosis, limfopenia, usia, status nutrisi The Relationship of Lymphocyte Cell Count with Age and Nutritional Status in Tuberculosis Patients Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) is systemic infection caused by bacteria of the Mycbacterium tuberculosis that influence immunological status. The indicator of immunological status changed is alteration of lymphocyte relative. The aims of this study is to investigate relationship between lymphopenia with immunological status in TB patients from characteristic of aged and nutritional status.  This research was using cross-sectional approach. This research was conducted using medical record sampling 41 pulmonary TB patient Al-Ihsan Hospital Bandung during January 2013-May 2013. The data were statistically analyzed using Kolmogorov Smirnov.  Subjects consisted of lymphopenia 35 (85.4%) cases and normal 6 (14.6%) cases. There was no significant relationship between lymphocyte cell count with aged group (p=0.692) and lymphocyte cell count with nutritional status in pulmonary TB (p=0.996). This research suggests to do further research with adequate sample and completed data.   Key words: Age, Lymphopenia, Nutritional status, Pulmonary tuberculosis 
Efek Jus Buah Naga Super Merah (Hylocereus costaricensis) dan Simvastatin terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Total Darah dan Bobot Badan Tikus Jantan Galur Wistar Hiperkolesterolemia Karimah, Fauziyyah; Achmad, Sadiah; Prawiradilaga, R. Rizky Suganda
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 2, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Bandung

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Abstrak Penyakit kardiovaskular terjadi akibat beberapa faktor risiko dan di antaranya kadar kolesterol yang tinggi. Menurut survei WHO pada tahun 2008 sekitar 17,3 juta orang meninggal dunia karena penyakit kardiovaskular. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan efek pemberian jus buah naga super merah (Hylocereus costaricensis) sebagai terapi herbal dengan simvastatin sebagai obat standar yang telah digunakan dalam dunia medis terhadap kadar kolesterol total darah dan bobot badan tikus jantan galur Wistar hiperkolesterolemia.Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Biomedik Universitas Islam Bandung pada bulan April˗Mei 2014 dengan menggunakan metode eksperimental laboratorik pada 20 ekor tikus hiperkolesterolemia dengan memberi diet tinggi lipid dan Propil Tiourasil (PTU) selama 14 hari. Jus buah naga super merah (Hylocereus costaricensis) diberikan secara oral dengan dosis 3,6 g; 7,2 g; dan 10,8 g. Simvastatin sebagai kontrol positif diberikan dengan dosis 0,18 mg. Kontrol negatif dan kontrol normal tanpa pemberian intervensi. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan uji Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan uji Posthoc. Hasil penelitian dengan uji beda terhadap kelompok jus buah naga super merah dosis 3,6 g dan 7,2 g berturut-turut menurunkan kadar kolesterol total sebesar 42,45 mg/dL dan 41,96 mg/dL (p=0,001), sementara dosis 10,8 g cenderung tidak berubah walaupun terjadi kenaikan hanya 1,22 mg/dL (p=0,535). Kelompok kontrol positif menunjukkan penurunan kadar kolesterol total sebesar 21,32 mg/dL (p=0,001). Perubahan bobot badan tikus pada pemberian jus buah naga super merah dosis 3,6 g; 7,2 g; dan 10,8 g dan simvastatin berturut-turut 1,75 g; 22,16 g; 19,5 g; dan 34,75 g yang tidak berbeda secara bermakna (p=0,823). Simpulan, jus buah naga super merah menurunkan kadar kolesterol total lebih tinggi daripada simvastatin, sedangkan bobot badan tikus jantan tidak berbeda.  Kata kunci: Bobot badan tikus, jus buah naga, kolesterol, simvastatin The Effect of Super Red Dragon Fruit Juice (Hylocereus costaricensis) and Simvastatin to TotalBlood Cholesterol and Body Weight of Male Wistar Rats Induced Hypercholesterolemia   Abstract Cardiovascular disease occurs due to several factors including high cholesterol level. According to a survey conducted by WHO in 2008 around 17.3 million people died because of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this research is to compare the effect of super red dragon fruit juice as herbal therapy and simvastatin as standard drug that have been used in the medical therapy to decrease total blood cholesterol and body weight of male Wistar rats induced hypercholesterolemia. This research was conducted at the Biomedical Laboratory Bandung Islamic University in 2014 April˗Mei used laboratoric experiment methods using 20 rats that was induced hypercholesterolemia with high-fat feeding and Propil Tiourasil (PTU) for 14 days. Super red dragon fruit (Hylocereus costaricensis) juice given orally at doses 3.6 g; 7.2 g; and 10.8 g. Simvastatin as a positive control was given at a dose of 0.18 mg. Negative control and normal control without intervention. Research data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test and Post Hoc test. The results of this research with the different test groups of super red dragon fruit juice dose of 3.6 g and 7.2 g respectively lower total cholesterol by 42.45 mg/dL and 41.96 mg/dL (p=0.001), while 10.8 g doses are unlikely to change despite an increase of only 1.22 mg/dL (p=0.535). Positive control group showed a decrease in total cholesterol levels by 21.32 mg/dL (p=0.001). Changes in body weight of rats in the provision of super red dragon fruit juice dose of 3.6  g; 7.2 g; 10.8 g; and simvastatin were 1.75 g; 22.16 g; 19.5 g; and 34.75 g respectively and were not significantly different (p=0.823). Conclusion, super red dragon fruit juice lowers total cholesterol levels higher than simvastatin, while the body weight of male rats did not differ.   Keywords: Body weight, dragon fruit juice, cholesterol, simvastatin 
Clinical Outcome of Cytomegalovirus Infection on Low Birth Weight Infants Usman, Ali; Sukadi, Abdurachman; Mose, Johannes C
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 2, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Bandung

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Abstract Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a DNA virus and a marker of the herpes virus groups. This virus was found only in human and the infection occurs for a long time. The transmission of CMV infection to fetus/neonates is via congenital infections or perinatal infections. Clinical manifestation of symptomatic CMV infection of the fetus has two presentations, early and second early manifestations. Diagnosis of neonatal CMV infection may be done by serologic test based on detection of IgM of CMV infection. The objective of this study is to asses clinical outcome of CMV infection of low birth weight infants delivery with long term sequelae. An observational study was conducted since March 2010 until December 2011 in Advent and Hermina Pasteur Hospital, all subjects were low birth weight infants (LBWI). The inclusion criterias are all LBWI who were delivered in those hospital or were a referred neonates. The exclusion criterias are major congenital defect, which is not related to congenital CMV infection and neonates’ death before one week of life. Every neonate was examine both their physical and peripher blood count, glucose, Ca.  Liver function test done for neonates with acute hepatitis and titre IgG and IgM CMV serial, head ultrasound serial and head CT scan/MRI used for babies with intracranial bleeding and hydrocephaly.  During the period of this study there were 50 cases of LBWI, consisted of 41 preterm babies, and 30 small for gestational age babies. Clinical manifestation of acute hepatitis were found in 20% subjects, all of them with the  elevation of liver function test. Microcephaly which occured in the first untill three weeks of life were 8%. Ventricular dilatation were 10% in the first week of life and increased up to 48% after three weeks. Cases with intracranial haemorrhage were found in 6% and 10% with cerebral calcification on head while sensorineural hearing loss were 8%. All of LBWI have 100% serorespon immune IgG. IgM CMV reactive only in 12% cases but after 3 weeks increased up to 32%. During neonatal up to infancy period, the prevalence of CMV infection in Bandung is high (12+32%:44%) with long term sequelae which are serious and can be fatal. It is urgent and important to give information about this disease to new couples, every mother and healthcare providers in fetomaternal fields to prevent  CMV infection.  Key words CMV infection, long term sequelae, outcome Abstract Cytomegalovirus (CMV) adalah virus DNA dan termasuk dalam kelompok virus herpes. Virus ini hanya menyerang manusia dan infeksinya berlangsung lama. Penularan CMV pada janin/neonatus dapat melalui infeksi kongenital atau infeksi perinatal. Manifestasi Infeksi CMV pada janin terdiri dari dua bentuk yaitu manifestasi awal dan lanjut. Diagnosis infeksi CMV neonatal ditegakkan dengan tes serologis berdasarkan deteksi IgM CMV. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menilai keluaran klinis infeksi CMV pada bayi berat lahir rendah dengan gejala sisa. Penelitian observasional telah dilakukan sejak Maret 2010 sampai dengan Desember 2011 di RS Advent dan RS Hermina Pasteur pada semua bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR). Kriteria inklusi adalah semua BBLR yang lahir di kedua RS maupun merupakan pasien rujukan. Kriteria eksklusi adalah adanya kelainan kongenital mayor yang tidak berhubungan dengan infeksi CMV kongenital dan bayi yang meninggal dalam minggu pertama. Setiap bayi dilakukan pemeriksaan fisik dan laboratorium (hitung darah tepi, kadar glukosa dan kalsium), tes fungsi hati dilakukan pada bayi yang menderita hepatitis akut, pemeriksaan kadar IgG dan IgM CMV serial, USG kepala dan CT scan/MRI kepala pada kasus hidrocefalus dan perdarahan intrakranial. Selama penelitian terdapat 50 kasus BBLR yang terdiri dari 41 bayi prematur, 30 bayi kecil masa kehamilan. Hepatitis akut ditemukan sebanyak 20% yang semuanya disertai peningkatan tes fungsi hati. Mikrosefali yang terjadi sampai usia 3 minggu sebanyak 8%. Dilatasi ventrikular lateralis sebesar 10% pada minggu pertama dan meningkat sebanyak 48% setelah 3 minggu. Perdarahan intrakranial sebanyak 6% dan kalsifikasi serebral 10%. Gangguan pendengaran sebanyak 8%. IgG (+) pada semua BBLR (100%). IgM CMV reaktif hanya 12% tetapi meningkat sebesar 32% setelah usia 3 minggu. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah prevalensi infeksi CMV di Bandung cukup tinggi (12+32%:44%) dengan gejala sisa neurologis yang berat dan fatal selama 6 bulan postnatal, sehingga perlu diberikan informasi mengenai penyakit ini kepada pasangan baru, setiap ibu dan petugas kesehatan di bidang fetomaternal untuk mencegah infeksi ini. Kata kunci: Gejala sisa jangka panjang, Infeksi CMV, keluaran 
Ekstrak Daun Sirih (Piper betle Linn.) dalam Mempercepat Penyembuhan Luka Komang A. Pramana; Lusiana Darsono; Endang Evacuasiany; Slamet S.
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 2, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2649.542 KB) | DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v2i2.1530

Abstract

Luka merupakan sebuah cedera pada tubuh yang sering terjadi di dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Berbagai usaha dilakukan untuk menyembuhkan luka, mulai dari mencuci luka, pemberian antiseptik, sampai menggunakan bagian dari tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah sediaan salep yang mengandung ekstrak etanol daun sirih (Piper betle Linn.) dapat mempercepat penyembuhan luka. Penelitian ini bersifat prospektif eksperimental uji praklinis sungguhan, menggunakan rancangan percobaan acak lengkap (RAL) dan komparatif. Hewan coba yang digunakan adalah 25 ekor mencit betina dewasa galur Swiss Webster. Kulit paha masing-masing mencit dicukur bulunya, lalu dibuat luka sayat sampai dermis sepanjang 8 mm. Mencit dibagi dalam 5 kelompok secara acak, kelompok pertama diberikan vaselin album secara topikal, kelompok kedua diberikan salep povidon iodin 10% secara topikal, kelompok ketiga diberikan salep ekstrak etanol daun sirih (EEDS I) 10% secara topikal, kelompok keempat diberikan salep (EEDS II) 20% secara topikal, dan kelompok kelima diberikan salep (EEDS III) 30% secara topikal. Data yang diukur adalah lama waktu penyembuhan luka sampai luka menutup sempurna dalam hari. Analisis data menggunakan metode one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) dilanjutkan dengan Tukey HSD dengan α=0,05. Diperoleh waktu rata-rata yang diperlukan (hari) oleh setiap kelompok untuk penyembuhan luka, pada kelompok I adalah 7,2; kelompok II 5,8; kelompok III 5,8; kelompok IV 5,6; dan kelompok V 6,2 (p=0,016). Berdasarkan Uji beda rata-rata Tukey HSD, didapatkan perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok I dan kelompok II (p=0,043), kelompok III (p=0,043), serta kelompok IV (p=0,017). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah sediaan salep yang mengandung ekstrak etanol daun sirih (Piper betle Linn.) dapat mempercepat penyembuhan luka pada mencit. PIPER BETLE EXTRACT (PIPER BETLE LINN.) TO IMPROVE HEALING PROCESSWound is an injury at the body that usually happen in daily activity. Many kind of treatment is taken to heal the wound like washing and cleaning the wound, using antiseptic, and using part of the plant. Objective of this research was to understand the effect of Piper betle etanol extract ointment to improve the wound healing process. This research is an experimental, using randomized control design. The animals were 25 adults Swiss Webster mice. The hair on each mouse’s thigh was cut and a 8 mm incision was made on the skin. The mice randomly divided into five groups, the first group treated with vaseline album topically, the second group treated with povidone iodine 10% ointment topically, the third group were given Piper betle etanol extract 10% ointment, the fourth group were given Piper betle etanol extract 20% ointment, and the fifth group were given Piper betle etanol extract 30% ointment. The intervention and measurement were done every day until the wound heal perfectly. The results showed that the average time needed (days) to heal perfectly in 1st group was 7.2, 2nd group was 5.8, 3rd group was 5.8, 4th group was 5.6, and 5th group was 6.2 (p=0.016). The average difference using Tukey HSD showed significant difference between 1st group and 2nd group (p=0.043), 3rd group (p=0.043), and 4th group (p=0.017). It is concluded that the treatment with Piper betle etanol extract as ointment increases the velocity of wound healing on mice.
Efek Jus Buah Naga Super Merah (Hylocereus costaricensis) dan Simvastatin terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Total Darah dan Bobot Badan Tikus Jantan Galur Wistar Hiperkolesterolemia Fauziyyah Karimah; Sadiah Achmad; Rizky Suganda Prawiradilaga
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 2, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2896.789 KB) | DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v2i2.1535

Abstract

Penyakit kardiovaskular terjadi akibat beberapa faktor risiko dan di antaranya kadar kolesterol yang tinggi. Menurut survei WHO pada tahun 2008 sekitar 17,3 juta orang meninggal dunia karena penyakit kardiovaskular. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan efek pemberian jus buah naga super merah (Hylocereus costaricensis) sebagai terapi herbal dengan simvastatin sebagai obat standar yang telah digunakan dalam dunia medis terhadap kadar kolesterol total darah dan bobot badan tikus jantan galur Wistar hiperkolesterolemia. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Biomedik Universitas Islam Bandung pada bulan April–Mei 2014 dengan menggunakan metode eksperimental laboratorik pada 20 ekor tikus hiperkolesterolemia dengan memberi diet tinggi lipid dan propil tiourasil (PTU) selama 14 hari. Jus buah naga super merah (Hylocereus costaricensis) diberikan secara oral dengan dosis 3,6 g; 7,2 g; dan 10,8 g. Simvastatin sebagai kontrol positif diberikan dengan dosis 0,18 mg. Kontrol negatif dan kontrol normal tanpa pemberian intervensi. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan uji analysis of variance (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan uji posthoc. Hasil penelitian dengan uji beda terhadap kelompok jus buah naga super merah dosis 3,6 g dan 7,2 g berturut-turut menurunkan kadar kolesterol total sebesar 42,45 mg/dL dan 41,96 mg/dL (p=0,001), sementara dosis 10,8 g cenderung tidak berubah walaupun terjadi kenaikan hanya 1,22 mg/dL (p=0,535). Kelompok kontrol positif menunjukkan penurunan kadar kolesterol total sebesar 21,32 mg/dL (p=0,001). Perubahan bobot badan tikus pada pemberian jus buah naga super merah dosis 3,6 g; 7,2 g; dan 10,8 g dan simvastatin berturut-turut 1,75 g; 22,16 g; 19,5 g; dan 34,75 g yang tidak berbeda secara bermakna (p=0,823). Simpulan, jus buah naga super merah menurunkan kadar kolesterol total lebih tinggi daripada simvastatin, sedangkan bobot badan tikus jantan tidak berbeda. THE EFFECT OF SUPER RED DRAGON FRUIT JUICE (HYLOCEREUS COSTARICENSIS) AND SIMVASTATIN TO TOTAL BLOOD CHOLESTEROL AND BODY WEIGHT OF MALE WISTAR RATS INDUCED HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIACardiovascular disease occurs due to several factors including high cholesterol level. According to a survey conducted by WHO in 2008 around 17.3 million people died because of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this research is to compare the effect of super red dragon fruit juice as herbal therapy and simvastatin as standard drug that have been used in the medical therapy to decrease total blood cholesterol and body weight of male Wistar rats induced hypercholesterolemia. This research was conducted at the Biomedical Laboratory Bandung Islamic University in 2014 Apri–Mei used laboratoric experiment methods using 20 rats that was induced hypercholesterolemia with high-fat feeding and propil tiourasil (PTU) for 14 days. Super red dragon fruit (Hylocereus costaricensis) juice given orally at doses 3.6 g; 7.2 g; and 10.8 g. Simvastatin as a positive control was given at a dose of 0.18 mg. Negative control and normal control without intervention. Research data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and post hoc test. The results of this research with the different test groups of super red dragon fruit juice dose of 3.6 g and 7.2 g respectively lower total cholesterol by 42.45 mg/dL and 41.96 mg/dL (p=0.001), while 10.8 g doses are unlikely to change despite an increase of only 1.22 mg/dL (p=0.535). Positive control group showed a decrease in total cholesterol levels by 21.32 mg/dL (p=0.001). Changes in body weight of rats in the provision of super red dragon fruit juice dose of 3.6  g; 7.2 g; 10.8 g; and simvastatin were 1.75 g; 22.16 g; 19.5 g; and 34.75 g respectively and were not significantly different (p=0.823). Conclusion, super red dragon fruit juice lowers total cholesterol levels higher than simvastatin, while the body weight of male rats did not differ.
Biji Cempedak (Artocarpus integrifolia) terhadap Aktivitas Fagositosis pada Mencit Jantan Galur Swiss Irma Rahmawati; Yani Triyani; Rika Nilapsari
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 2, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2587.225 KB) | DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v2i2.1531

Abstract

Berdasarkan data World Health Organization (WHO) tahun 2008, dari 56 juta kematian, 21 juta kematian diakibatkan penyakit infeksi dan sisanya diakibatkan penyakit noninfeksi. Salah satu hal yang dapat ditingkatkan untuk mencegah penyakit yaitu dengan meningkatkan kemampuan sistem imun sel pejamu. Salah satu obat tradisional yang dapat meningkatkan sistem imun adalah biji cempedak (Artocarpus integrifolia). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menilai pengaruh ekstrak air biji cempedak terhadap peningkatan aktivitas fagositosis pada mencit jantan galur Swiss. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Departemen Farmakologi Klinik Unpad dan Laboratorium Biomedik I Fakultas Kedokteran Unisba. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan 24 ekor mencit jantan galur Swiss sebagai subjek penelitian yang dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok. Kelompok I diberi air dan makanan pelet, kelompok II diberi phosphat buffer saline (PBS) sebagai kontrol standar, kelompok III diberi produk imunomodulator sebagai kontrol positif, kelompok IV diberi prednison sebagai kontrol negatif, kelompok V diberi ekstrak air biji cempedak 500 μg/mL PBS dan kelompok VI diberi ekstrak air biji cempedak 1.000 μg/ mL PBS. Setiap kelompok diberikan perlakuan selama 7 hari. Pada hari terakhir, dilakukan pengukuran aktivitas fagositosis melalui uji bersihan karbon. Data dianalisis menggunakan one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan Posthoc test Tukey HSD. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa pemberian ekstrak air biji cempedak dosis 500 μg tidak memberikan pengaruh pada peningkatan aktivitas fagositosis, sedangkan dosis 1.000 μg memberikan efek penurunan aktivitas fagositosis. Hasil penelitian ini belum dapat membuktikan efek ekstrak air biji cempedak sebagai imunostimulan. CEMPEDAK SEEDS (ARTOCARPUS INTEGRIFOLIA) TO PHAGOCYTIC ACTIVITY IN MALE MICE SWISS STRAINAccording to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2008, from 56 million deaths, 21 million deaths caused by infectious and the remnant caused by non infectious diseases. One of the things that could be improved to prevent the disease is to improve the ability of the immune system of the host cell. One of the traditional medicines that can enhance the immune system is cempedak seeds (Artocarpus integrifolia). The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of the aqueous extract of the cempedak seeds to increase phagocytic activity in male mice Swiss strain. This study was held at Laboratory of Department Clinical Pharmacology Unpad and Laboratory Biomedic I Unisba. This was an experimental study with 24 Swiss strains male mice divided into 6 groups. Group I was given water and pellets, group II was given phosphat buffer saline (PBS) as a control standard, group III was given immunomodulatory product as a positive control, group IV was given prednisone as a negative control, group V was given aqueous extract of cempedak seeds 500 μg/mL PBS and group VI was given aqueous extract of cempedak seeds 1,000 μg/mL PBS. Each group received the treatment for 7 days. On the last day, we measured phagocytic activity by carbon clearance test. The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, followed by posthoc test Tukey HSD. The result of this study showed that the aqueous extract of cempedak seeds of 500 μg did not give effect to an increase in phagocytic activity while the dose of 1,000 μg decreased phagocytic activity. The results cannot prove the effect of aqueous extract of cempedak seeds as immunostimulants.

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