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JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN (Journal of Environmental Health)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 18297285     EISSN : 2540881X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan with registered number ISSN 1829-7285 (printed) and ISSN 2540-881x (online) is a scientific open access journal published by Environmental Health Department of Public Health Faculty, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia. Our journal aims to become a media of research results dissemination and exchange of scientific work of various groups, academics, practitioners and government agencies. Since 2018, this journal in one year will be published four times in January, April, July, and October.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 361 Documents
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Drinking Water Quality of Water Refill Station in Gebang Raya Tanggerang Veza Azteria; Ernalinda Rosya
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v15i2.2023.120-126

Abstract

Introduction: As a drinking water provider, refill drinking water station must comply with hygiene and sanitation standards for water quality, including the microbiological value standard for clean water. This study was conducted to determine the microbial levels in refill drinking water station and analyze the drinking water quality based on sanitation hygiene observations. Methods: The study included laboratory test methods, cross-sectional analysis tests, and a descriptive analysis. Drinking water sampling and sanitation observations were performed using the total sampling technique on 17 water station. As much as 100 ml of drinking water samples were taken directly from the faucet to refill water with a sterile bottle container. Sanitary hygiene was studied through interviews using an observation sheet. Results and Discussion: The most bacteria were found at 108 per 100ml in Escherichia coli parameters and 866 per 100ml in coliform parameters in the station water samples with the Station 8 (SK) code. The interviews showed that seven station did not meet the criteria for good sanitation hygiene. Conclusion: Sanitary hygiene is carried out to reduce or eliminate bacterial contamination in drinking water. Observations and laboratory tests show that good sanitation is related to drinking water quality.
The Existence of Artisanal Small-Scale Gold Mining in Indonesia, The Impact of Public Health and Environmental Sustainability : A Narrative Review Elanda Fikri; Yura Witsqa Firmansyah; Anshah Silmi Afifah; Mhd. Fauzi
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v15i2.2023.99-108

Abstract

Introduction: This study reviewed the negative impacts of artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASGM). This paper presents an examination of ASGM's impact on health, with the scope of discussion covering human diseases and disorders, toxic substances, public and miners' safety, environmental damage, socioeconomic conditions. This study contributes mitigation recommendations for ASGM in Indonesia. This research subject is important because there has not been an ASGM study that has reviewed these aspects in Indonesia. Discussion: Chronic diseases, acute diseases, infectious diseases, and disabilities can threaten local communities' health and survival. Toxic heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium, arsenic, and lead are difficult to avoid in ASGM, since they have a high level of use. Other pollutants generated by ASGM are noise and silicia dust. ASGM has caused accidents with a total of 36 minor injuries, an estimated 57 serious injuries, and 11 deaths. ASGM also causes water, soil, and air pollution; it is a threat to the geology of world heritage sites. ASGM has been proven to improve the community's economy in several parts of Indonesia. Conclusion: ASGM has proven to have a significant impact on public health, environmental sustainability, and the socioeconomic state of Indonesian society. In general, the lack of ASGM legitimization in Indonesia is an enabling factor for these impacts.
Detection of Tuberculosis in Toddlers and its Risk Factor at East Perak Health Center Surabaya Alifa Salsabila Azzahrain; Anisa Nur Afifah; Laura Navika Yamani
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v15i2.2023.92-98

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis is a contagious disease that can grow fast due to its transmissibility through aerosols. One of the countries with the highest tuberculosis rates is Indonesia with a case fatality rate of 11.59%. This study's objective was to examine the relationship between the physical condition of the house and the immune system and the incidence of tuberculosis in toddlers in Surabaya. Methods: This study used an analytic survey research design with a case control research methodology. The case population consisted of pediatric patients aged 0-5 years who were clinically diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis. The Chi-Square test was used to analyze bivariate data with a confidence level of 0.05 (α = 5%). Results and Discussion: The physical condition of the house that influenced the incidence of tuberculosis in toddlers were room temperature (p = 0.009; OR = 8.300; CI = 1.480-46.936) and room humidity (p = 0.000; OR = 7.600; CI = 1.609-35.906) while the immune system that affected the incidence of tuberculosis in toddlers were history of tuberculosis sufferers in the family (p = 0.018; OR = 6.000; CI = 1.266-28.498) and exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.003; OR = 10.000; CI = 1.998-50.042). Conclusion: Houses with inadequate room temperature and humidity have an increased risk of tuberculosis development. Moreover, tuberculosis risk factors include a history of exclusive breastfeeding and a family history of tuberculosis. Health promotion by community health centers is expected to increase awareness of pediatric tuberculosis.
Types and Toxicity Levels of Pesticides: A Study of an Agricultural Area in Brebes Regency Budiyono Budiyono; Suhartono Suhartono; Apoina Kartini
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v15i2.2023.109-119

Abstract

Introduction: Previous studies found that young children, children, pregnant women, and farmers are at risk of pesticide exposure. Organophosphate pesticides are detected in children's urine, but other types of pesticides, their toxicity classification, and their toxicity level have not been identified. Hence, this study aims to identify types and toxicity levels of pesticides that are possible causes of health problems in an agricultural area. Methods: The population of the study were 1,017 households in two villages of an agricultural area of Brebes Regency, Indonesia. The data were collected from 166 participants using a cross-sectional design involving questionnaires to identify the characteristics of the respondents and observations to identify the pesticide, pesticide packaging, and pesticide residue in their houses. The toxicity levels of the pesticides were identified based on the pesticide toxicity classification recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Potential health problems due to pesticides were subsequently identified based on literature reviews. Results and Discussion: According to the results, organophosphate, carbamate, and pyrethroid pesticides were found in 30.7% of the respondents' houses. The toxicity levels of the pesticides ranged from highly hazardous (Ib) to unlikely presenting acute hazard (U). The potential health problems due to pesticides varied from poisoning symptoms to genetic disorders and polymorphisms. Conclusion: There were three types of pesticides with toxicity levels ranging from highly hazardous to unlikely presenting acute hazard in the agricultural area in Brebes Regency
Potential Sequencing Batch Reactor in Leachate Treatment for Organic and Nitrogen Removal Efficiency Hariestya Viareco; Endi Adriansyah; Rifqi Sufra
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v15i2.2023.143-151

Abstract

Introduction: Landfill wastewater or leachate has unique characteristics. Several conventional methods need a few treatment tanks to cover the treatment process. A Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) is a biological treatment method that uses a single tank with few-cycle phases. This study aims to determine the potential of a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) that can be used to treat landfill leachate. Methods: A Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) was used in this study. The characteristics of leachate served as the basis for the design of the SBR reactor. The synthetic leachate was used to create the reactor feed based on the actual landfill leachate compositions. The reactor's influent and effluent were analyzed based on a few parameter changes, such as Suspended Solid (SS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), and Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN). Results and Discussion: While the experiment was running, 84% of SS were removed, 88% of COD were removed, a -28% efficiency rate for NH3-N removal, and a -172% efficiency rate for TKN removal. After the withdrawal phase, the supernatant showed promising results with 99% COD removal, 97% SS removal, and 65% TKN removal. Unfortunately, the removal of NH3-N reaches -130%. It indicates insufficient concentrations of MLSS and SRT, as well as the presence of a eutrophication process. Conclusion: SBR shows a promising result for leachate treatment. Few changes in the cycling process were needed for further study, so the treatment process becomes optimal to reach its full potential.
Identification of Factors Influencing the Presence of Fecal Coliforms in Densely Populated Areas with Centralized Wastewater Treatment Systems Syafira Bunga Az Zahra; Ni Nyoman Nepi Marleni; Budi Kamulyan; Hendra Dewata
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 15 No. 3 (2023): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v15i3.2023.161-173

Abstract

Introduction: Tegal Panggung is a high population density sub-district of 26,326 inhabitants/km2. Most residents utilize wells to meet their water demands, but fecal coliform bacteria were found in several wells at Tegal Panggung. This type of contamination source is typically from on-site wastewater treatments. However, wastewater from Tegal Panggung is treated at a centralized wastewater treatment plant. This study is aimed at identifying the factors leading to the presence of fecal coliform bacteria in Tegal Panggung. Methods: Factors reviewed in this study were the amount of waste, drainage, cattle pens, toilets, types of wells, and building density. Statistical methods and GIS were applied to determine the influence of the factors on the presence of fecal coliform and to map its distribution along with potential sources of pollution. The number of wells tested was 32, with a research period from September to October 2021. The statistical methods used are the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Normality Test, the Spearman Correlation Test, and the spatial analysis method, which was carried out using QGIS. The statistical tests were conducted to determine the correlation value between fecal coliform and pollutant. Results and Discussion: The study showed that only 40.62% met the standard requirements when there should be no fecal coliform contents in well water. Conclusion: Based on the Spearman Correlation Test, it can be deduced that the factors affecting the presence of fecal coliform within 10 meters radius are garbage and of 30 meters radius are toilets and building density.
Water Quality Status of Way Batanghari River, Metro City, Lampung Province Based on Water Fit for Consumption Parameters Vifty Octanarlia Narsan; Dimas Ario Setiawan; Astari Rukmana; Rindi Ratna Dewi; Suci Anjarwati; Resi Suhendri
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 15 No. 3 (2023): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v15i3.2023.152-160

Abstract

Introduction: The need of water fit for consumption will continue to be sustainable along with the increasing human population, so we need a source of clean water that suitable for consumption. Therefore, this study aims to determine the water quality status of the Way Batanghari river based on an analysis of the feasibility of potable water. Methods: This research used survey method and water sampling in the Way Batanghari tributary, Metro City, Lampung using the consecutive sampling method. Results and Discussion: The physical parameters which include water color exceeds the 50 TCU and indicates the odor of ammonia. The chemical parameters which include COD were 63.5 mg/L (4th class) upstream, 59.3 mg/L (4th class) downstream. DO values upstream were 4.36 mg/L (1st class), 2.83 mg/L (3rd class) downstream. The phosporus value shows a number of 0.54 mg/L (2nd class). pH parameter which shows a value of 7.1 on the upstream, 6.6 on the downstream. Found species from class of Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae as parameters of pollution. Conclusion: Based on Regulation of the Minister of Health, Republic of Indonesia Number 492 of 2010, this river has color and odor of water shows that indicates not meet the requirements for consumption.
Risk Factor Analysis of Filariasis in Pidie Regency Maifrizal Maifrizal; Teuku Reza Ferasyi; Fahmi Ichwansyah
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 15 No. 3 (2023): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v15i3.2023.226-234

Abstract

Introduction: Pidie Regency is a regency in Aceh Province with the second-highest number of filariasis patients in 2020. One of the risk factors for filariasis is the presence of stagnant water near houses which serves as the breeding ground and resting place for mosquitoes. Other risk factors for filariasis include the type of work, habit of leaving the house, and increased mosquito density. Methods: This quantitative study used a case-control study design. The participants of this study consisted of 126 individuals with 63 being filariasis patients (case subjects) and 63 being non-filariasis patients (control subjects). Results and Discussion: The results showed that education (OR = 3.86, p = 0.05), type of work (OR = 1.30, p > 0.05), presence of stagnant water (OR = 1.05, p > 0.05), and habit of leaving the house (OR = 1.4, p > 0.05) had significant relationships with the incidence of filariasis or elephantiasis in Pidie Regency in 2022. Conclusion: The results showed that education was the most significant risk factor for filariasis (OR = 60.87). This suggested that individuals with a lower level of education had a higher chance of contracting the disease. Another factor that influenced the incidence of filariasis was the presence of animals around the house (OR = 18.97). This suggested that individuals who had pets were 60.87 times more likely to get filariasis (p = 0.017).
Assessment of Bacterial Contaminants Associated with Hygiene Behaviour in Thai Tea Sold on the Roadside Around Educational Area, Lampung, Indonesia Muhammad Asril; Ika Agus Rini; Rismawati Rismawati; Eka Fitriani Yuspiah; Muhammad Isa Ananta; Tarra Ivanka; Revi Agustin; Azisa Nabila Putri
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 15 No. 3 (2023): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v15i3.2023.183-195

Abstract

Introduction: Thai tea is one of the aromatic drinks widely sold around the Institut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA), Lampung, Indonesia. Bacteria often contaminate this drink due to unhygienic handling. The number and types of contaminating bacteria have yet to be widely reported, especially in Lampung province. This study aimed to detect various bacterial contaminants in Thai tea beverages sold on the road in the ITERA region and their relationship with the hygiene behavior of Thai tea sellers. Methods: The sampling technique used in this study involved accidental sampling by detecting microbes using the most probable number method and the specific medium. The number and types of bacteria were analyzed for diversity and correlated with the behavior of Thai tea sellers. Results and Discussion: Of the 50 Thai tea samples, coliform bacteria, and Pseudomonas sp. in all samples (100%), Aeromonas sp. (36%), Shigella sp. (68%), Escherichia coli (76%), and Salmonella sp. (8%). The highest concentration of pollution occurred in Sukarame District (SK). SK10 had the highest number of contaminants, namely, Pseudomonas sp. (2.96x103±165 CFU ml-1), E. coli (7.2x103±190 CFU ml-1), Shigella sp. (3.35x103±350 CFU ml-1) and Salmonella sp. (9.65x103±50 CFU ml-1). The poor quality of Thai tea is caused by unhygienic tea raw materials and the habits of the seller, who does not perform hygienic tasks during the preparation and use of Thai tea. Conclusion: All samples did not meet the requirements for the presence of bacteria in drinking water, based on regulation No.492/MENKES/Per/IV/2010 and World Health Organization.
Literature Review: Relationship of Environmental Risk Factors and the Incidence of Leptospirosis in Settlements (2018–2023) Nafiah Farisan Nuha; Nuur Anisa Aprilianintyas; Dian Novitasari
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 15 No. 3 (2023): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v15i3.2023.235-246

Abstract

Introduction: Leptospirosis is zoonotic disease that transmits via natural transmission from vertebrate animals to human beings and vice versa. This disease is caused by an infection of the Leptospira sp. bacterium. It is estimated that there are 1 million cases of Leptospirosis that attack humans worldwide with 60 thousand deaths per year. In Indonesia, such cases and death rates have fluctuated. In 2021, there was a decrease in cases, but the CFR rate increased from 9.1% to 11.4%. Leptospirosis cases become endemic in many countries, especially in tropical and subtropical areas with high rainfall, especially in settlements with poor environmental conditions. Based on previous research, there were differences in the results between several research variables with the incidence of Leptospirosis. This gap underlies the writing of this article to bring together the existing results. Discussion: This study used literature review method for research articles on biotic and abiotic environmental risk factors with Leptospirosis in settlements sourced from scientific publication websites. After going through these stages, 14 final full text articles were obtained. The data used were research studies conducted from January 2018 to April 2023. The articles found show that environmental factors are closely related to the incidence of Leptospirosis in settlements. Conclusion: The variable abiotic environment factors associated with the occurrence of Leptospirosis are temperature, pH, the presence of sewers and puddles. The presence of rats and the presence of animals or livestock are related to biotic environmental factors.

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