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JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN (Journal of Environmental Health)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 18297285     EISSN : 2540881X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan with registered number ISSN 1829-7285 (printed) and ISSN 2540-881x (online) is a scientific open access journal published by Environmental Health Department of Public Health Faculty, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia. Our journal aims to become a media of research results dissemination and exchange of scientific work of various groups, academics, practitioners and government agencies. Since 2018, this journal in one year will be published four times in January, April, July, and October.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 392 Documents
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Mosquito Repellent and Physical Quality of Indoor Air as the Main Risk Factors for ARI Incidence in Toddlers (Case Study in the Balongsari Health Center) Nafi’atul Irbah; Lestari, Anetya Martiadevi; Khuliyah Candraning Diyanah; Shamsul Bahari Shamsudin; Aditya Sukma Pawitra
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i2.2026.179-186

Abstract

Introduction: The incidence of ARI in children under five in Balongsari Health Center saw a significant rise. The rise in ARI cases is attributed to air pollution, environmental contamination, and poor public hygiene. One of the causes of air pollution is the use of mosquito repellent. This study aimed to analyze risk factors associated with pollution sources, home physical conditions, and toddler characteristics related to ARI in the Balongsari Health Center area. Methods: This study uses quantitative approach with a case-control design, this study involved a sample of 50 toddlers in the case group and 50 in the control group, selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected via interviews and observation and analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The questionnaire covered toddler's characteristics, sources of indoor pollution, and physical household conditions. Temperature was measured with a thermohygrometer. Meanwhile, ventilation and room size were measured with a roll meter. Results and Discussion: Results indicated that mosquito repellent use was significantly associated with ARI (p = 0.010; OR = 4.000), along with physical conditions such as room temperature (p = 0.004; OR = 4.667), ventilation (p = 0.020; OR = 3.455), and household density (p = 0.032; OR = 3.286). Conclusion: These findings suggest that mosquito repellent selection, ventilation improvements, and breastfeeding practices play a crucial role in ARI prevention among toddlers in this area.
Analysis of Risk Factors for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Kenjeran Sub-District, Surabaya City Nikolaus Yudistira; Arief Hargono
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 3 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i3.2026.217-226

Abstract

Introduction: Kenjeran Sub-district in Surabaya has a considerable number of DR-TB patients, but the local contributing factors are not well understood. This research was conducted to analyze the host and environmental risk factors related to DR-TB incidence in this region. Methods: This research was an observational analytic case-control study conducted in Kenjeran Sub-district. A total of 48 respondents were sampled, consisting of 16 DR-TB patients (cases) and 32 non-DR-TB patients (controls) in a 1:2 ratio. The data of sex, age, education, employment status, income, contact with DR-TB, Diabetes Mellitus (DM), smoking, previous treatment, treatment compliance, and occupancy density were gathered using a questionnaire and medical records. Bivariate analysis was carried out using the Chi-square or Fisher exact test. Results and Discussion: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) was the sole condition that was substantially linked to the incidence of DR-TB, according to bivariate analysis (p = 0.021; OR 5.571, 95% CI 1.476–21.024). There was no statistically significant correlation found between other risk factors such housing density, contact history, treatment adherence, and prior treatment history. Conclusion: DM was found to be a substantial major risk factor for DR-TB, fulfilling the study's primary goal. Screening and treating TB patients with diabetes mellitus should be the top priorities of control initiatives. Future studies with a bigger sample size are required to corroborate these findings because the lack of relationship with other parameters suggests methodological constraints.
Multi-Criteria Prioritization of Domestic Wastewater Mitigation Strategies in Urban River Systems: An AHP-Based Environmental Sanitation Assessment Selfi’un Linda Apsari; Hartati Kartikaningsih; Maharani Pertiwi Koentjoro
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 3 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i3.2026.187-198

Abstract

Introduction: Urban riverbanks in developing countries are being converted into densely populated settlements with minimal sanitation. Limited safe sanitation infrastructure accelerates the decline in water quality. Health risks increase for communities that use river water. Methods: Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) combined with field-based environmental sanitation assessment was used to determine priority strategies. A household survey was conducted with 200 respondents. Observations were made at five observation point. Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with various parties were conducted to support decision-making. Three main criteria consisting of environmental sustainability, cost efficiency, and social support were used for assessment. Individual septic tanks, expansion of communal wastewater treatment plant coverage, implementation of constructed wetlands, and strengthening of community education were the alternative strategies used. Results and Discussion: Cost-effectiveness was the most influential criterion (0.437), followed by sustainability (0.369) and social support (0.195) in the AHP analysis. Public education ranks highest as a mitigation strategy because it plays an important role in encouraging behavioral change, improving sanitation facility maintenance, strengthening institutional involvement, and requiring minimal costs. Integrating the AHP results with field sanitation conditions reveals several major problems, such as poor septic tank maintenance, limitations on communal IPAL, and high rates of direct discharge into rivers. Conclusion: Structured and sustainable public education is a key strategy in domestic wastewater management in urban river areas. Increased public awareness and behavior, supported by technical and institutional interventions, are essential foundations for formulating effective, efficient, and sustainable sanitation policies at the local level.
Potentially Toxic Elements Concentration in Human Hair Collected from Inhabitants Surrounding Artisanal Small-Scale Gold Mine (ASGM) Areas in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia Sri Manovita Pateda; Masayuki Sakakibara; Nurfitri Abdul Gafur
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 3 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i3.2026.247-255

Abstract

Introduction: The potential for accumulation of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) within the human body is a multifaceted phenomenon that can occur through various routes, including ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact. Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining (ASGM) worker can result in exposure to toxic elements and lead to their accumulation in the human body. Methods: This study took place in 5 mining and 2 control areas in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. The hair samples were taken from 93 respondents. The hair samples were analyzed using a mercury analyzer to detect total mercury, along with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP- MS) to determine the levels of other elements. We also calculate the results used Hazard Quotient to screen potential hazardous elements. Results and Discussion: Concentrations of PTEs in hair varied widely, especially for THg, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Mn. HQ calculations comparing mean concentrations with reference values showed that arsenic had the highest HQ (24.2), corresponding to a high potential health risk. Arsenic indicated by the highest HQ value; arsenic was identified as the most significant element. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that miners exhibited the most variability. Conclusion: These findings highlight the usefulness of hair analysis as a biomonitoring tool for evaluating long-term exposure to PTEs in ASGM-affected communities.
Trends in Waste Picking: A Bibliometric Analysis of Waste Pickers Impact on Solid Waste Management Novlloyd Ello Celeste
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 3 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i3.2026.237-246

Abstract

Introduction: Informal waste pickers are the frontliners in solid waste management worldwide; however, they lack basic safety nets for their social and economic protection. They are often involved in hazardous work but receive no health protection. Economically, they earn at least a meager dollar per day. This study aimed to present the trends and practices in waste management, contribution, and integration into the formal sector among waste pickers. Discussion: Circular economy and waste management were the most frequent keywords in the review. Customer behavior, stakeholder analysis, and source separation are emerging themes in waste management. Network visualization supports the bibliometric results regarding the contribution of waste pickers to sustainable cities and recycling. Notably, waste pickers have longer nodes connecting to SDGs, indicating a lesser connection. In addition, policymakers should prioritize interventions at the strongest connecting points, particularly addressing the impact of pollution on human health, managing e-waste, and supporting formal waste management systems. Conclusion: In this review, the term circular economy is increasing as part of waste management approaches, and other practices, such as anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis. Most studies were conducted in developed countries. Waste picking has been a significant source of income among waste pickers. Hence, formal integration of informal waste pickers into the formal waste management sector appears favorable, but further research is needed regarding their acceptability and contribution to sustainable development.
The Impact of Prenatal and Postnatal Air Pollution Exposure on Early Childhood Lung Development: A Systematic Literature Review Ery Olivianto; Muhammad Fahrul Udin; Seravina Ayu Vistiandini; Ariani
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 3 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i3.2026.227-236

Abstract

Introduction: Air pollution causes a wide range of health problems, particularly among vulnerable populations such as children. Exposure to air pollution may impair respiratory function during early infancy, a critical period of lung growth. This systematic review synthesises observational studies to assess how prenatal and postnatal air pollution exposure affects lung development and function in early childhood. Discussion: This systematic literature review summarises observational studies published over past 20 years in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and Semantic Scholar were used to identify relevant literature examining the effects of air pollution exposure from the prenatal period to eight years of age on early childhood respiratory development. Exposure to air pollutants such as PM2.5, NO2, and O3 has been associated with reduced lung function and an increased risk of asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The strongest effects appear to occur during the prenatal period and early postnatal life. Oxidative damage, systemic inflammation, and airway epithelial dysfunction are some of the main causes. Conclusion: Air pollution, particularly tobacco smoke, adversely affects lung development in children. Higher levels of exposure are associated with reduced lung function and an increased risk of respiratory diseases.
Sanitation, Antibiotic Use, and Resistance Patterns in the Upper Brantas River Ridwan Muhamad Rifai; Camar Ameril; Bakhrul Mukhid Fadilah Ramadani; Jenvia Rista Pratiwi; Ahmad Zahran Razaq
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 3 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i3.2026.209-216

Abstract

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been recognized as an emerging concern in rivers that receive domestic wastewater, serving as reservoirs for antibiotic-resistant bacteria. As home to 15 million people, the Brantas River has limited data on environmental AMR patterns. This study aimed to describe the link between community practices and AMR patterns in the upper Brantas. Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed resistance patterns in the upper Brantas River by comparing two sites based on population density differences. Fifty respondents from households adjacent to the river were interviewed regarding sanitation practices and antibiotic use. Water samples were analyzed for domestic wastewater. Sixteen coliform isolates were tested for antimicrobial resistance using six antibiotics from different classes. Resistance was quantified using the multiple antibiotic resistance index (MARI) and compared between sites. Results and Discussion: Unlike the upstream community, the mid-reach area had limited sanitation facilities, resulting in river-based sanitation as a common practice. Both sites exhibited a similar pattern of antibiotic use, with > 70% of respondents engaged in inappropriate consumption. Although antibiotic residues were not detected at either site, coliform and resistance loads were higher in the mid-reach. Overall, both sites demonstrated MARI values > 0.2, indicating sustained selective pressure for resistance. Conclusion: Elevated MARI values were observed at both sites without detectable antibiotic residues. Resistance levels were higher at the mid-reach site, where sanitation access was limited and inappropriate antibiotic use was common. These findings underline the position of considering sanitation conditions and antibiotic use practices in environmental health surveillance.
Determinants of Lead Concentration in Human Breast Milk in Communities Exposed to Volcanic Hazards of Mount Merapi Aisyiah; Mohammad Zen Rahfiludin; Farid Agushybana; Dwi Sutiningsih
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 3 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i3.2026.265-274

Abstract

Introduction: Lead in breast milk could be damaging to an infant’s growth, and communities near Mount Merapi might contain heavy metals from the volcano’s activity. However, lead contamination of breast milk remain unexplored. So, this study aimed to find what things affect the amount of lead in the breast milk of mothers living in areas with volcanic risk. Methods: A survey of 129 randomly selected breastfeeding mothers from volcanic hazard zones I, II, and III. We measured lead in breast milk using ICP-MS. We gathered data on possible exposures with interviews and used generalized estimating equations for the analysis. Results and Discussion: Zone I had the most at 10.85 ppb, then Zone II at 6.38 ppb, and Zone III at 1.39 ppb. Mothers in the hazard zones generally had a lot more lead in their breast milk (Exp(B) = 9.798; p < 0.001). Higher levels were also clearly linked to mothers who smoked (Exp(B) = 211; p < 0.001). There was a clear rise in concentrations with the mother’s age; each additional year of age went with a 1.32x increase (p = 0.041). Mothers in high-risk jobs had less lead in their milk (Exp(B) = 0.04; p = 0.004). Lead levels didn’t clearly relate to the water supply, cosmetics, or exposure to other people’s smoke (p > 0.05). Conclusion: a mother’s age and if she smokes change the lead amount in her breast milk, and the lead goes up the closer a mother lives to a volcanic hazard.
Development of Predictive Model for Stunting Incidence among At-Risk Families in Rural Areas of Kubu Raya Regency: Unsafe Drinking Water and Inadequate Sanitation as Key Indicators Ria Risti Komala Dewi; Mohammad Zen Rahfiludin; Sri Suwitri; Sulistyani
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 3 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i3.2026.199-208

Abstract

Introduction: Stunting is the symptom of the chronic undernutrition that disturbs child growth and development and has long-term health and productivity implications. Prevalence of stunting in Indonesia in 2024 was 19.8% which is below the national target of 14%. It is especially the rural households whose access to safe drinking water and sanitation is limited. This study evaluated risk factors in at-risk families in rural Kubu Raya Regency and generated predictive model of stunting. Methods: Matched case-control design was performed, with 100 cases (height-for-age < -2 SD) and 100 controls (height-for-age -2 SD to +3 SD). The sampling was done by total sampling. Data was collected through interviews and observations through standardized means. The predictors and predictive model were determined using logistic regression. Results and Discussion: Four variables emerged as significant predictors; unsafe drinking water source (OR = 4.6; 95% CI: 1.84-11.82), inadequate latrine ownership (OR = 3.4; 95% CI: 1.69-6.87), birth intervals < 24 months (OR = 5.3; 95% CI: 2.16-13.36), and having > 2 children (OR = 5.5; 95% CI: 1.66-18.14). The model had a 80.7% accuracy, 84% sensitivity and 64% specificity. Conclusion: Poor sources of drinking water and latrines ownership were key predictors of stunting in children aged between 6-23 months of age in at-risk families in Kubu Raya Regency. These indicators were incorporated into a predictive model that had a good discriminatory performance, thus it was possible to utilize it as a useful tool to risk early stunting in rural areas that could be effectively used.
Microplastics in Breast Milk and Feces: Case Study of Stunting Toddlers in Puger District, Jember, Indonesia. Globila Nurika; Farida Wahyu Ningtyias; Edza Aria Wikurendra; Hilda Nur Abidah; Nafi'atul Irbah; Sofi Azilan Aini; Muhammad Iqhrammullah
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 3 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i3.2026.256-264

Abstract

Introduction: Microplastics are found in the oceans and have contaminated fish. Based on these conditions, fish in the sea have experienced a decrease in nutrition, which has the potential to affect human health if consumed; for example, this can lead to stunting in toddlers. The purpose of this study was to identify and examine the presence of microplastics in food and feces of toddlers in the coastal area of Jember Regency. Methods: This observational study used a cross-sectional design and purposively selected 10 toddlers. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data on microplastic contamination. Breast milk and feces samples were collected and tested in the laboratory using density separation, membrane filtration, and microscopic observation methods, which were then analyzed descriptively. Results and Discussion: All samples of breast milk and toddler feces have tested positive for contamination by microplastics, with the majority in the form of fibers (mean value 4,8 particles/5 mL; 19,9 particles/5 g) and filaments (mean value 3,7 particles/5 mL; 6,8 particles/5 g). Several factors allow for the presence of microplastic contaminants in the two specimens, including the low processing of single-use plastic waste, consumption patterns of people to consume processed seafood, hot food in plastic containers, and bottled drinking water. Conclusion: Even though microplastic contaminants have been found in breast milk, not giving breast milk to toddlers is not the right solution. Reduce microplastic contamination in the environment by limiting the use of single-use plastics and sustainably processing plastic waste to prevent microplastic exposure in toddlers.

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