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INDONESIA
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN (Journal of Environmental Health)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 18297285     EISSN : 2540881X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan with registered number ISSN 1829-7285 (printed) and ISSN 2540-881x (online) is a scientific open access journal published by Environmental Health Department of Public Health Faculty, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia. Our journal aims to become a media of research results dissemination and exchange of scientific work of various groups, academics, practitioners and government agencies. Since 2018, this journal in one year will be published four times in January, April, July, and October.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 381 Documents
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Indoor PM₂.₅ and CO₂ Exposure and Respiratory Symptoms Among Toddlers in Daycare Centers in Surabaya Corie Indria Prasasti; Retno Adriyani; Khuliyah Candraning Diyanah; Namira Zulaikha Putri; Ahmad Zia Ul-Saufie; Siti Nurshahida Nazli; Galuh Mega Kurnia
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i1.2026.85-92

Abstract

Introduction: The high intensity of transportation and urban activities in Surabaya causes PM2.5 and CO2 exposure to fall into the unhealthy category for vulnerable group, including toddlers. The aims of this study is to investigate the association between indoor air quality and respiratory symptoms among toddlers in daycare centers in Surabaya. Methods: The research design of this study was cross-sectional and conducted in 15 daycare centers. The sample of this study were 149 toddlers aged 0–60 months and randomly selected from a total of 278 population. Respiratory symptoms were measured using the ISAAC questionnaire who was administered to parents. PM2.5 and CO2 were measured using AiRBOXSense Low-Cost Air Quality Sensors (LAQSs). Results and Discussion: The study shows that toddlers aged 24-60 months who experienced respiratory symptoms (69.4%) were higher than toddlers aged 0–24 months who experienced respiratory symptoms (30.6%). There was no significant association between respiratory symptoms and PM2.5. Significant associations were found only between respiratory symptoms and CO2 levels in the playroom (p = 0.041). Elevated levels of PM2.5 and CO2 were also observed in several daycare centers (bedroom and playroom). Conclusion: CO2 might be the only parameters that was directly associated with respiratory symptoms in this study. However, elevated PM2.5 and CO2 levels suggest potential long-term risks. Prevention efforts, continuous monitoring, and improvement of indoor environments in daycare settings were essentials to minimize potential exposures.
Analysis of Scabies Factors among Male and Female Students at the Islamic Boarding School in the East Jakarta Region in 2022 Ago Harlim; Marcella Scofany Theresia Turot; Mohammad Zen Rahfiludin; Kelvin
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i2.2026.142-150

Abstract

Introduction: Scabies, also known as ‘gudik’ in Indonesian, is a disease accounted by the itch mite Sarcoptes scabies var. hominis that is commonly transmitted through fomites including shared use of beddings, clothings, soap, towels, and many household items. This parasitic disease is typically identified through four main cardinal signs including nocturnal itching, a shared complaint among a larger group, finding burrows on the skin, and the presence of mites in skin scrapings. This study aims to identify the factors associated with scabies in a boarding school in East Jakarta, a densely populated area at risk of such parasitic infestation. Methods: This study is an analytical descriptive study aimed to identify factors related to scabies, including lighting, water cleanliness, bed hygiene, cleanliness of clothing and prayer equipment, towel hygiene, use of soaps or antiseptics, and nutritional needs. Questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratorium parameters were utilized appropriately as data in this study. Results and Discussion: The findings identified a correlation between lighting, water hygiene, cleanliness of clothing and prayer items, towel hygiene, and the use of soap or antiseptics with scabies occurrence. However, no significant correlation was found between bed hygiene or nutritional factors and scabies in the boarding school. Conclusion: Low sunlight exposure, poor water hygiene, unclean clothing or prayer items, inadequate towel hygiene, and lack of antiseptic soap use increased the scabies occurrence at Nurul Hijrah Islamic Boarding School. The most influential factor associated with scabies occurrence was sunlight exposure.
Ensemble Learning Approaches for Air Pollution Classification and Environmental Health Risk Assessment Budi Sunarko; Syahroni Hidayat; Uswatun Hasanah
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i2.2026.159-170

Abstract

Introduction: Conventional statistical models often struggle to represent complex interactions among multiple air pollutants and their non-linear associations with health outcomes. To address this limitation, this study evaluates the effectiveness of ensemble learning approaches for classifying air pollution exposure levels and predicting associated health risks across heterogeneous pollutant contexts. Methods: Two publicly accessible datasets were analyzed. The first dataset comprises toxic gas exposure measurements (CH₄, CO₂, and CO) annotated with short-term physiological health effect categories, reflecting acute exposure scenarios. The second dataset is the Jakarta Air Quality dataset (2021), which includes AQI-based criteria pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, SO₂, CO, O₃, and NO₂) representing urban ambient air quality conditions. Multiple base classifiers Decision Trees, Random Forests, Naïve Bayes, k-Nearest Neighbor, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machines, AdaBoost, and Multi-Layer Perceptrons were implemented. Data preprocessing involved cleaning, normalization, and a 70:30 training-testing split. Ensemble strategies, particularly stacking, were developed to integrate complementary classifier strengths and improve predictive reliability. Results and Discussion: The stacking ensemble consistently outperformed individual base classifiers, achieving classification accuracies of 0.9993 for the toxic gas exposure dataset and 0.9816 for the Jakarta AQI dataset. These results indicate that ensemble learning enhances robustness, mitigates misclassification risks, and adapts effectively to variations in pollutant concentration patterns across different exposure contexts. Conclusion: Ensemble learning demonstrates strong potential as a reliable computational approach for environmental health risk assessment. Its high predictive performance supports its application in air quality management, early warning systems, and evidence-based policy development aimed at mitigating health risks associated with air pollution.
Socioeconomic, Behavioral, and Environmental Predictors of Tuberculosis Treatment Duration: A Multivariate Analysis in Urban Indonesia Wahyu Indah Dewi Aurora; Maharani; Tia Wida Ekaputri; Armaidi Darmawan; Erny Kusdiyah; Andika Sulistiawan
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i2.2026.93-100

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) in Indonesia currently ranks second globally in TB incidence. The disease causes an estimated 125,000 deaths annually. Prolonged treatment duration increases the risk of treatment interruption, drug resistance, and financial burden on patients. This study aimed to analyze the socioeconomic, behavioral, and environmental predictors associated with TB treatment duration. Methods: A cross-sectional design was applied across primary health centers in Jambi City, Indonesia. The study population included individuals at risk of TB, and 297 pulmonary TB patients were recruited using purposive sampling. Independent variables included socioeconomic status, smoking behavior, TB-related knowledge, patient attitude toward treatment, and housing density. Chi-square tests were used for bivariate analysis, and multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify dominant predictors of prolonged treatment duration. Results and Discussion: A total of 40.1% of patients experienced prolonged treatment (> 6 months). Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between treatment duration and socioeconomic status (p < 0.001), smoking behavior (p = 0.018), TB knowledge (p = 0.004), treatment attitude (p = 0.001), and housing density (p = 0.009). Multivariate analysis identified low socioeconomic status (AOR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.34–3.47) and negative treatment attitude (AOR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.19–2.79) as the strongest predictors of prolonged treatment duration. Conclusion: Patients with limited financial resources may face structural barriers to treatment completion, including transportation costs, unstable income, and competing daily priorities. These findings have important implications for Indonesia’s TB program and align with the WHO End TB Strategy, which emphasizes addressing social determinants of health.
Understanding Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, and Dynamic Transmission of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever in South Tangerang and Bekasi City Nurusysyarifah Aliyyah; Haryoto Kusnoputranto; Margareta Maria Sintorini; Suyud Warno Utomo; Okky Assetya Pratiwi; Epi Ria Kristina Sinaga
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i2.2026.112-122

Abstract

Introduction: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a viral infection prevalent in tropical and subtropical climates worldwide, primarily in urban and semi-urban areas. The World Health Organization has documented that Indonesia ranks among the nations with the highest incidence of DHF in Southeast Asia and is classified as one of the most dengue-endemic territories globally. Climate factors leading to an increase in the spread of the dengue epidemic, including the changing distribution of the responsible vectors to DHF. This study aims to encourages urban resident’s knowledge, attitudes, and behavior towards DHF prevention and to investigates the dynamic transmission of DHF affected by climate factors in South Tangerang and Bekasi City. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used, along with a chi-square test, modeling, simulation, and intervention. Interviews with respondents include knowledge, attitudes, and community behavior. Climate factor measurements include rainfall, temperature, humidity, and CO2 level in the ambient environment. Results and Discussion: The results show that urban resident’s knowledge, attitudes, and behavior regarding the DHF prevention were in good categories. Climate variability patterns affect the dynamic transmission of DHF in South Tangerang and Bekasi City. Conclusion: The government and community need to play a vital role in increasing residents' knowledge, attitudes, and behavior regarding dengue fever through information media, and also implement proper preventive measures.
Environmental Sanitation as the Key Determinant of Stunting Incidence in Kertapati District Rahmadita Zinda Haniifa; Fatmah; Rachmadhi Purwana
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i2.2026.123-133

Abstract

Introduction: Stunting is a major public health problem in low- and middle-income countries due to its long-term impact on child growth along with their cognitive and emotional development over both the short and long term. In 2022, data showed that around 22.3% of children globally experienced stunting, underlining the severity of the issue, and even though Indonesia made some strides with the latest SSGI showing a drop to 19.8% in 2024, the figure is still above the national target of 14%. In Palembang City, reports 20.5% indicating a persistent local health issue. Availability of safe water, decent toilets, and better air in homes all influence this problem. In Kertapati District, people face issues with unsafe water inadequate sanitation and exposure to indoor smoke so this research aimed to identify the main factors behind stunting among children under five. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 6,095 children under five and 178 respondents chosen through random sampling. Variables included access to safe drinking water, latrine ownership and household air pollution. Data collection used interviews and observations before being analyzed using SPSS 27. Results and Discussion: Only 26.4% of households had adequate environmental conditions. All variables were significantly associated with stunting, with household air pollution identified as the most dominant factor (OR = 10.268). Conclusion: Stunting in Kertapati District mostly linked to environmental sanitation and household air pollution. To cut stunting rates, have to start with improving water and sanitation.
Dynamics of Microplastic at Mangrove Forest in Ternate City: Distribution Spatial, Retention Sediment and Potential Bioremediation through Microbial of Plastic in Role Coastal Natural Barrier Badrun Ahmad
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i2.2026.101-111

Abstract

Introduction: The rate at which plastic is being produced 400 million tons annually today has created a widespread pollution of aquatic environments as plastics break down into ever smaller pieces (micro and nano) over time. Indonesian coastal ecosystems, especially mangroves, provide a natural buffer to microplastic (MP) pollution. They act as nurseries for a range of marine life, protect coastlines from erosion and store vast amounts of carbon, part of the “blue carbon” system that can sequester carbon for thousands of years. The spatial and vertical distribution of MPs, retention processes and microbe/particle interactions is explored in this study. Methods: MPs were isolated, morphologically sorted and identified for their polymer composition using stereomicroscopy and μFTIR, whereas root density, sediment organic carbon (SOC), methanogenic activity and microbial abundance were measured. Results and Discussion: MP loads significantly varied among zones (ANOVA, p 500 roots m⁻²) and sediments rich in organic matter. The higher MP loads led to more microbial activity, such as 16S rRNA gene copies (1.9–3.4 h x 10⁸ g⁻¹ DW) and methanogenic activities (0.12-0.27 mu mol CH₄ g⁻¹ DW d⁻¹; r = 0.67, p < 0.01). Native Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus cereus had already biodegraded PE and PP at 7.4 ± 0.6% and 5.8 ± 0.4% up to 60 days, respectively. Conclusion: Ternate mangroves in shallow-waters are natural MP sink and dynamic microbial amphitheater, whereas chronic exposure to MPs would shift sediment biogeochemistry and threaten blue-carbon role.
Household Characteristics Factors and Drinking Water Sources in Urban Nigerian Communities: A Cross-Sectional Study Dyah Suryani; Suyitno; Abubakar Yakubu Abbani
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i2.2026.134-141

Abstract

Introduction: Environmental health remains a problem, particularly regarding access to drinking water in developing countries. This study aimed to examine the correlation of household characteristics and drinking water sources in urban communities in Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), with 42,859 urban household members. The variables used were drinking water sources, sex and age of household head, education level, wealth index, religion, relationship to household head, presence of children under five, and household size. Data were analyzed using descriptive, bivariate, and logistic regression analyses. Results and Discussion: The majority of households (88.13%) used improved drinking water sources. Older, more educated, wealthier, and smaller households, including female-headed households and households without small children, have better access to clean water. The wealth index was the strongest predictor: middle, richer, and richest households were significantly less likely to use untreated water than the poorest households (p < 0.001). Older household heads were less likely to rely on untreated water (p < 0.05). Secondary-level education, religion, and household size were also significant (p < 0.001). These results highlight inequalities in accessing safe water, influenced by economic, demographic, and cultural factors. Conclusion: These results suggest focused solutions to support younger household heads, make water systems more affordable, and reach disadvantaged neighborhoods. Pro-poor water policies and equitable infrastructure are key to reducing disparities in access to clean drinking water
Spatial Analysis of Neurological Disorders among Pesticide-Exposed Chili Farmers in Bandungan, Semarang Regency, 2025 Eram Tunggul Pawenang; Fitri Indrawati; Heni Isniyati
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i2.2026.151-158

Abstract

Introduction: Environmental and worker health issues causing from pesticide exposure remain a significant concern in the agricultural sector. Some research has found that longer exposure to pesticides can probably cause neurological disorders. This study aims to analyze the relationship between exposure intensity, individual characteristics, and the incidence of neurological disorders with the spatial distribution pattern in the farming region. Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study with a spatial approach were carried out involving 75 chili farmers in the Bandungan region. Information about frequency exposed to pesticides, individual characteristics, and symptoms of neurological disorder was compiled by structured questionnaires, observation and analyzed based on the Romberg test. The data was analyzed using statistical and spatial tests with Moran's Index. Results and Discussion: The data indicated that most of the farmers (at least 50%) showed symptoms of neurological problems. The highest number of cases was found among farmers who were older than 50 (66.7%), with an overweight body mass index (BMI) (80%), and incomplete use of safety equipment (59%). Autocorrelation spatial showed the result of a notable significance clustering of neurological disorders (Moran’s I Z-score = 3.94, p ≤ 0.01), with the high-risk location in Kenteng Village. Based on bivariate tests, it showed that the increase in risk of neurological disorders is influenced by increasing age, BMI, and the complete use of safety equipment. Conclusion: Therefore, efforts to promote, collaborate, and implement the use of complete PPE are needed to reduce the health risks of farmers exposed to pesticides.
Correlation between Physical and Chemical Indoor Air Quality with Respiratory Health Sudarmaji; Donny Ardyan; Fitri Anisai Rohmah; Novi Dian Arfiani; Dayinta Annisa Syaiful
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v18i2.2026.171-178

Abstract

Introduction: Indoor air quality (IAQ) refers to the quality of air within enclosed spaces, which makes up most of the air inhaled daily. Pneumonia is reported to be 17.33 times more common in children living in unhealthy households than those in healthy homes. This study examined the relationship between physical and chemical indoor air quality and children's respiratory health in the working area of the South Krembangan Community Health Center in Krembangan Subdistrict, Surabaya City. Methods: This study employed an analytical observational design utilizing a case-control approach. Samples were selected through purposive sampling. A total of 54 respondents participated in this study, consisting of 27 cases and 27 controls. Results and Discussion: The findings demonstrated a strong correlation between the prevalence of pneumonia in children and air quality parameters including room temperature, humidity, PM2.5 concentration, lighting intensity, and ventilation area. Room temperature (p = 0.029), humidity (p = 0.049), PM2.5 (p = 0.014), lighting intensity (p = 0.006), and ventilation area (p = 0.028) all showed statistically significant correlations. Formaldehyde (HCHO), on the other hand, did not significantly correlate with the incidence of pneumonia (p = 0.569). Additionally, total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) and carbon monoxide (CO) were found to be below the Environmental Health Quality Standards. Conclusion: Although many housing conditions already fulfil established criteria, it is advised that factors potentially affecting indoor air quality be taken into consideration.

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