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INDONESIA
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14101637     EISSN : 25484788     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 509 Documents
 44   45   46   47   48 
Characterization and Pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn Associated with Sheath Blight in Local Rice Varieties (Oryza sativa L.) of Special Region of Yogyakarta Maulin Nafisa; Adiana Nayogyani; Rina Sri Kasiamdari
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 25, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.67557

Abstract

In Indonesia, rice is used as the first strategic and priority food commodity in agricultural development. However, in practice, efforts to increase it still experience various obstacles, one of which is caused by the attack of pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. This study aimed to determine the characters of R. solani and observe its pathogenicity on some local rice varieties in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Four isolates of R. solani were used, namely RS MS2, RS MKP2, RS UMB, and RS PN, as well as six varieties of local rice varieties, which were Menthik Susu, Cempo Merah, Cempo Hitam, Segreng, Menoreh, and Hitam Makaryo, and national rice varieties IR 64 and Ciherang. Morphological characterization was carried out based on the cultural characteristics of the colony, hyphae, and sclerotia. A pathogenicity test was carried out using the Detached Leaf Inoculation method. The result showed that R. solani characters vary from whitish-brown, yellowish-brown, and light brown colonies; moderate and fast growth rates; abundant-aerial, moderate-aerial, and slight-aerial growth patterns; 90° hyphae branching, narrowing of hyphae at the branching point, and presence of sclerotia. The pathogenicity test gave the results of all isolates having varying pathogenicity levels on each rice variety. Menthik Susu, Cempo Hitam, and Hitam Makaryo were resistant to R. solani. Cempo Merah and Segreng were considered as moderately resistant varieties, whereas Menoreh was categorized as moderately susceptible. Ciherang and IR64 were susceptible varieties to R. solani.
Dipping Seedling’s Rice Root with Indigenous Microorganisms from Mimosa invisa to Control Blast Disease and Increased Rice Production in Purwoasri Village, Jember Abd. Rouf Rizqon; Wiwiek Sri Wahyuni
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 25, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.68379

Abstract

Rice blast disease has become endemic in Purwoasri Village, Gumukmas District, Jember Regency since 2018; this was due to the use of the Ciherang variety planted continuously. The study aimed to use the indigenous microorganisms IM) suspension made by farmers from Pos Pelayanan Agens Hayati (PPAH, Biological Agent Service Post) in Ambulu District as the control agent for blast pathogens and increased rice production. The roots of rice seeds were dipped in IM suspension at a concentration of 50 mL/L for 2 hours to penetrate to roots. Seedlings with IM were planted in a block of 250 m2, and control was also planted in the same block size. In the IM-treated block, the incidence and severity of blast disease decreased compared to the control. The root treated by IM dipping was also increased the plant growth, including root architecture, root length, root volume, and the number of tillers/plant; furthermore, it improved rice production. It was found that IM suspension contained pseudomonad fluorescent and Bacillus sp. that belong to Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) group. 
Application of Vermicompost with Different Feeding Material for Inducing Rice Plant Resistance against Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål.) Attack Dewi Hastuti; Eltis Panca Ningsih; Sri Ritawati; Rida Oktorida Khastini
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 25, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.60824

Abstract

Brown planthopper (BPH) is a major pest in rice plants and has become a global pest. This pest causes hopperburn in rice plants. This research aimed to know the effect of vermicompost from different feeding materials on rice plant damage by brown planthopper attack. This research was carried out between November 2019–March 2020 at the Sistandu integrated farming system, Serang City, Banten. The experiment method used in this research was a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) and consisted of two factors with three replications. The first factor was vermicompost (P) 5 levels, while the second factor was rice varieties (V) with two groups resulting in ten treatments. Data were analyzed with ANOVA, then followed by a 5% DMRT. The results showed that the application of vermicompost with different feeding materials had non-significant effects on growth of rice plants in the vegetative phase and fecundity of the BPH. However, it significantly affected the intensity of rice plant damage in the generative phase, the offspring population of BPH, and the BPH feeding rate. While the use of two varieties of rice did not have distinct effects on all parameters. There was no interaction effect between the two factors tested, both vermicompost feeding material treatment and rice plant variety, to all the parameters that have been studied.
Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Agricultural Ecosystem of Indonesia Chaerani Chaerani
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 26, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.71037

Abstract

The plant-parasitic nematode (PPN) is often not recognized as important limiting crop production in Indonesia. This is largely caused by non-specific and non-dramatic above-ground plant disease symptoms, their microscopic nature, and partly caused by inadequate demonstration of the economic importance of this hidden pathogen. However, change in agricultural practices to meet the ever-increasing food demand along with global climate change may increase the risk of PPNs on crop productivity in the future. This paper reviews PPN inventory in Indonesia during the last three decades. Thirty-three genera of PPNs were found to associate with 25 host plants. Some genera were present at the densities that are considered as damaging levels in other countries. Results among surveys are difficult to compare because of differences in crop cultivar surveyed, cultivation practices, sampling unit and method, and nematode extraction techniques. Lack of field supporting data did not permit a valid assessment of nematode risk on a particular crop. The first record of several quarantined species has been reported, but not all of them have been validated molecularly. Challenges and opportunities to improve the future field survey are presented in this paper.
Decomposition of Wood by Termites in Different Types of Land Use Sri Heriza; Damayanti Buchori; Idham Sakti Harahap; Nina Maryana
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 26, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.69322

Abstract

Decomposition is an important process in nature, as it can break down organic matter into smaller particles and nutrients. Nutrients are returned to the environment and can be reused by other organisms. One important organism that plays a role in the decomposition process is termites because termites are able to decompose organic matter such as wood in all habitats. Different termite habitats can be seen in terms of different types of land use. Some types of land use, such as natural forests, secondary forests, palm oil plantations, and settlements, can be used as a test site for wood decomposition by termites. All types of land use can be found in Dharmasraya Regency, West Sumatra Province. The purpose of this study was to study the decomposition of wood by termites in several different types of land use. Four types of land use are selected from habitats with the least disturbed conditions to the extent of high habitat disturbances, namely natural forests, secondary forests, palm oil plantations, and settlements. The study was conducted in Dharmasraya Regency, West Sumatra Province. The research method uses pine wood bait (Pinus merkusii), measuring 1.9 cm x 1.9 cm x 25 cm. The wooden bait is winded for seven days, and the wood bait is weighed to gain its initial weight and measured moisture content. Furthermore, wood bait that has been installed is observed and re-weighed to gain final weight and measured water content. The results showed that deforestation in Dharmasraya, West Sumatra had an effect on reducing wood decomposition by termites. Five (5) termite species were found in wood bait, including Pericapritermes sp.1, Microtermes sp.1, Schedorhinotermes sp.1, Macrotermes gilvus, and Coptotermes curvignathus.
Parasitization Levels of Spodoptera frugiperda Eggs (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Three Different Corn Ecosystems in East Java Rizki Dwi Wahyuningsih; Tri Harjaka; Suputa Suputa; Y. Andi Trisyono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 26, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.71598

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda  (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) has successfully invaded and spread to almost all provinces of Indonesia which may cause significant impacts on corn production. Local natural enemies could play an important role in managing this invasive insect, and more diverse ecosystems would benefit natural enemies. This study aimed to assess parasitization rates of S. frugiperda eggs by local egg parasitoids in three different corn ecosystems (agroforestry, rice field, and rainfed field) in East Java. Sentinel egg masses were used for this study by exposing eight-hour-old egg masses collected from the laboratory mass-rearing and left for 24 hours in corn plantations aged 7, 14, and 28 days after planting. Telenomus sp. was more abundant in the three ecosystems compared to Trichogramma sp. The egg mass parasitization varied from 15.6 to 52.5%. The number of egg masses parasitized was consistently higher in agroforestry, followed by rice fields and rainfed fields in all three different sampling times. Interestingly parasitization rates on egg masses were not different, and they ranged from 43.7 to 81.6%. These findings provide evidence on the importance of local egg parasitoids for managing S. frugiperda and some insights related to plant diversity to improving the services by these parasitoids. 
Biology and Demography of Helopeltis bradyi Waterhouse (Hemiptera: Miridae) Reared on Cucumbers Rich Gemilang Simanjuntak; Tri Harjaka; Arman Wijonarko
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 26, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.71761

Abstract

Helopeltis bradyi is often used as for research and is required in large numbers. The insects were obtained from cacao plants and reared with cucumber fruit in the laboratory. This study aimed to determine the biology and demography of H. bradyi reared on cucumber under laboratory conditions. The demographic parameters observed were net reproduction rate (Ro), gross reproduction rate (GRR), intrinsic growth rate (r), average generation period (T), and population doubling (DT). The results showed that the egg stage lasted for 6.33 ± 0.47 days, the developmental period of the I‒V instar nymph was 2.13 ± 0.34, 2.07 ± 0.25, 2.13 ± 0.34, 2.33 ± 0.47, and 3.20 ± 0.40 days. The lifespan of male imagoes were 32.33 ± 4.92 days, and female imagoes were 24.60 ± 6.64 days. The adult female pre-oviposition period was 2.2 ± 0.40 days and oviposition period of 22.9 ± 4.66 days. H. bradyi has a type III survival curve which indicated high mortality rates during the first instar egg and nymph population. Demographic statistics of H. bradyi on cucumbers fruit are GRR of 296 individuals per generation, Ro of 196 individuals per parent per generation, rate of r of 0.18 individuals per parent per day, T of  29.34 days, and DT of  3.85 days.
The Performance of Supporting Laboratories to the Implementation of the Regulation of Minister of Agriculture No. 88 the Year 2011 through Agricultural Quarantine Agency Class I Semarang Heru Wahyupraja; Susamto Somowiyarjo; Y. Andi Trisyono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 26, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.23130

Abstract

The Indonesian government is obliged to ensure the public health of the people of Indonesia by the supervision of Fresh Food Originated from Plant (Pangan Segar Asal Tumbuhan [PSAT]) arriving from abroad. Therefore, the regulation of Minister of Agriculture Number 88 in 2011 was issued to regulate inspection requirement of PSAT. There are some challenges in the implementation of these regulations until 2015, such as the unavailability of accredited laboratories, the lack of communication between stakeholders, and limited human resource or utensil within testing laboratories. Most of the testing laboratories appointed by the government are not yet accredited. Only 60% are able to perform tests mandated listed in The Regulation of Minister of Agriculture No. 88 the Year 2011. On the other hand, private laboratories accredited by ISO/IEC 17025 showed higher capacity by being able to perform 77.8 to 100% of mandated tests. The implementation challenges were later addressed by the revision of the regulation and release of issue Regulation 04/2015 in ref. The Regulation of Minister of Agriculture 13/2016. These regulations acknowledge Food Safety System of the state of origin or their administration of the Testing Laboratory Registration. In other words, they put forward the implementation of supervision in the country of origin reducing Indonesia’s reliability on providing high level of testing laboratories itself. The implementation of The Regulation of Minister of Agriculture 04/2015 in ref. the Regulation of  Minister of Agriculture 13/2016 expected Quarantine Measures on the importation of PSAT to be more effective and efficient. Therefore, impact of the implementation of this new regulation would shorten delay periods for cargo containers in ports (dwelling time), reduce handling cost of containers, minimize laboratory testing fees, and reduce risk of rejection of imported products because of incompliance.
Brown Planthopper Egg Parasitization in Rice Fields with Different Growth Ages Yurista Sulistyawati; Y. Andi Trisyono; Witjaksono Witjaksono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 26, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.67448

Abstract

The brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stål. (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), is one of the most important pests attacking rice plants. One of the strategies to control this pest is by using natural enemies, including egg parasitoids. This study aimed to investigate the species of N. lugens egg parasitoids and their parasitism levels in one rice ecosystem with different growth stages. The research was conducted by selecting three rice plots aged 3, 6, and 10 weeks after planting. Potted rice plants with N. lugens eggs were placed in those rice plots for two days and recollected for observations. The same release was repeated 3 weeks later at the same rice plots in the same site. Egg parasitoids of N. lugens found during this study were Oligosita sp. and Anagrus sp. The highest number of egg parasitoids were found at the rice plants aged 6 weeks after planting with 14.50 and 13.50 individuals collected during first and second trapping, respectively. In addition, the level of parasitism ranged from 6.89-22.26% with the highest parasitism was occurred in the 6-week old rice. These findings may suggest that different rice planting dates may benefit the egg parasitoids of N. lugens which could reduce the risk of outbreaks.  
The Potential of Rhizophagus intraradices and Trichoderma asperellum to Induce Shallot Resistance against Twisted Disease Hertina Artanti; Tri Joko; Susamto Somowiyarjo; Suryanti Suryanti
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 26, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.70673

Abstract

Twisted disease caused by Fusarium spp. is one of the primary diseases on shallots with potency to cause enormous losses by causing stunting and bulb rot. One alternative disease control is the induction of plant resistance since the seed stage. The aim of this study was to determine the content of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and phenolic compounds of shallot bulb seeds coated with biological control agents as a resistance response to twisted disease. The shallot cultivar used was Crok kuning. The treatments used in this study were the type of biological control agents, including Rhizophagus intraradices and Trichoderma asperellum, combined with and seed coating application time (one month before planting and simultaneously at planting). Biological control agents in the form of powder formulation applied as seed coating material and seeds were stored for one month before planting. The results showed that application of biological agents delayed the occurrence of the twisted disease symptoms. The salicylic acid content from plant treated with R. intraradices at the time of planting was slightly higher than the control. The jasmonic acid content in T. asperellum plants treated at planting was higher than then control. Total phenolic content from plants treated with T. asperellum at planting time was higher than the control. In general, application of biological control agent as seed coat did not result in significant increase in salicylic acid, jasmonic acid nor the phenolic compounds, compared to the pathogen infected control.

Page 46 of 51 | Total Record : 509

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