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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 10 Documents

Search results for , issue " Vol 8, No 1 (2006)" : 10 Documents clear

POLA PERKECAMBAHAN RAMIN (Gonystylus bancanus) DAN EFEKTIFITAS KOMPOSISI MEDIA TANAM Rachman, Erlin; Utami, Ning Wikan
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v8i1.814

A research work on seed germination of ramin (Gonystylus bancanus (Miq. Kurz) was conducted to study germination pattern and the effectivity of some composition of planting medias contained compost, cocopeat, organic manure, carbonic sekam and soil.The result showed that the seed germination pattern of ramin at least consist of six stages based on one or more morfological change or an organ formation occured. A growing period needed by the juvenil ramin to grow from a stage to next stage and the seedling plant heigh were taken as parameters to pursued the effectivity of planting media composition. Generally, media contained compost, cocopeat, carbonic sekam and organic manure were much more effective than medium contains soil only. Medium contained compost only was the most effective as planting media based on the two parameters. Cocopeat and carbonic sekam was also recommended as alternative planting media for seed germination and juvenil plant growth of ramin.

FLUKTUASI POTENSIAL AIR HARIAN GEWANG {Corypha gebanga Lamk.), JENIS TUMBUHAN HIJAU ABADI DISAVANA NTT Naiola, B Paul
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

A physiological study on Gewang or Tune (Corypha utan Lamk.),a drought resistant and still-wild native palm species in the savanna area of Timor island, East Nusa Tenggara (NTT),shows that this species undergoes a sharp fluctuation in her diurnal water potential (Wd).In two different sites,the early morning Wd shows a less negative values (-1,9 bars to -5,40 bars); however in the afternoon, due to environmental stresses, the Wd drastically dropped to between (-9,7 bars and -17,3 bars).Interestingly,Gewang successfully regulates her Wd during the afternoon and along the night as their d went back normal levels, due to quickly recharged of their Vd to less negative values (-2,1 bar to -8,5 bars).The values of d differs between two sites, however they have similar patterns when comes to recharge their WA.This phenomenon is in line with their relative water content (RWC), as shown a fluctuation following the drops and recharge of Vd.This figure indicates that Gewang may develop mechanism of osmotic adjustment to cope with environmental especially water stress, thus proves her ability to lead as a drought resistant and evergreen species.

DETEKSI Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea (PSG) MENGGUNAKAN ANTIBODIPOLIKLONAL DAN NCM-ELISA Suryadi, Y; Machmud, M
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Soybean bacterial blight is an important disease of the soybean crop. Since resistant cultivars are lacking, the disease is difficult to control, hence early detection and proper diagnosis as well as good knowledge on epiphytotic of the disease are important aspects for successful disease control.A serological technique, particularly the Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is an effective technique for detection and identification of plant pathogens. The objective of the research was to obtain polyclonal antibodies (PAbs) and use of NCM-ELISA for detection PSG. Soybean plant samples showing symptoms of soybean bacterial blight were collected from the fields and used for antigen sources. Isolation and production of PSG antigen was done using Kings B Agar medium. Immunizations of white New Zealand rabbits were done to produce antibodies to PSG. Yield of PAb-PSG was indicated by antisera titers ranging from 160 to 1280. Intravenous immunization produced more titer than that of intramuscularly. NCM-ELISA was used for detection of PSG from plant samples. It was applicable for detection of PSG from plant samples in relatively short time and limit detection of 10" cfu/ml.

PENGGUNAAN ARANG AKTIF DALAM KULTUR IN VITRO Hutami, Sri
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Activated charcoal is commonly used as addition in tissue culture medium, which able to modify the composision. The effect of activated charcoal can observed in culture medium or in tissue development.Effect of activated charcoal in the medium are: 1) give a darkened environnment; 2) adsorption of undesirable/inhibitory substances; 3) adsorption of growth regulators and other organic compound; and 4) released of growth promoting substances which are beneficial to growth of in vitro culture.In tissue development activated charcoal can promote embryogenesis, androgenesis, root induction and inhibit callus formation. Fators affecting charcoal activity are:quality (depend on raw material and processing), density, purity, organic compound (affecting adsorptionn), temperature pH and type of solvent.

PERAN ILMU BIOTAKSONOMISERANGGA DALAM PEMBANGUNAN PERTANIAN BERKELANJUTAN DI ERA GLOBALISASI Siwi, Sri Suharni
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Diagnostic materials have been recently faced by more complexity species due to the evolutions accelerated in agro ecosystem.Biotaxonomy is needed for searching solutions technology of sustainable agriculture, and anticipating problems that may appeared during the agricultural development proses. Biotaxonomy is a tool for integrating biological aspects, beginning of inventory, description, cataloging, study of distribution and the perspective evolution. The contribution to applied sciences has often supplied the key to the solution of problems for IPM and biological control provided accurate identification of the exact country of origin of insect pests and their total fauna of parasites and predator. Since the establishment of the World Trade Organization in 1995, volume and intensity of trade in agricultural product increased tremendously. To prevent the entry or spread of a pest, rules based on health and safety ground had been set out internationally under the agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (the SPS Agreement). In the context of international trade, the exporting country obliged to provide a list of pests likely to be associated with the commodity to be able importing country to conduct pest risk analysis and establish phytosanitary regulations. In order to meet these obligations, however, the developing countries have not benefited as developed countries, due to unabilily to provide an adequate description of health status of agricultural industries and pest-records based on voucher specimens held in properly well curated collection. The extensive specimen-based pest record held in the reference insect collection Bogor is an asset national that can provide the most reliable evidence of the plant health status of the country that have been long time ago neglected. The collection can provide a country with a powerful tool to assist bids for market access and to justify measures to exclude potentially harmful exotic pests entering the country. Therefore, such insect collection should be security well managed, and database digitally for easily accesses. Sectors of interest should worked together to realize that hopes. Without such efforts, global policy market has just only more impoverish our farmers and the possibility our commodities products pursued internationally on the other hand our local markets felled with product commodities import as has been seen at this time.

PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN PADA BUDIDAYA JAGUNG AHUKLEAN DI BESIKAMA, BELU, NTT Bora, Charles Y; Murdolelono, B
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Influence of fertililizing to Ahuklean corn cultivation was done in Fahiluka Village, Malaka Tengah Sub-district, Belu District, East Nusa Tenggara Province, during hot season, between August to November 2003. The aim of this research to get appropriate fertilizing method in ahuklean corn cultivation. The research was laid in RBD with 8 treatments of fertilizing and 3 replications.The size of plot treatment was 10 m x 10 m, plant distance was 100 cm x 40 cm, using Hybrid Pioneer corn variety with 3 seeds/hole. Parameters to be observed including growth and production, plant height at 15 days old, 45 days old, stem diameters; length and diameter of corn swollen, yield of dry grain and weight per 1000 grain. Results showed that fertilizing is not significantly influence the vegetative growth but corn yield and weigth per 1000 grain. The urea 100 kg/ha + SP-36 50 kg/ha with drilled method beside plant (PI) giving higher yield i.e. 4,50 t/ha. Using PPC Greentonic in 2 times spread (P7) is assumed as an alternative for ahuklean corn fertilizing, because it is able to increase the yield production up to 3,47 t/ha.

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF SOME SPECIES OFPinanga (PALMAE) BY USING ISSR MARKERS Witono, Joko Ridho; Rondo, Katsuhiko
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v8i1.812

A genetic analysis of 13 species of Pinanga (Palmae) was conducted by using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. The markers were used in this study belonged to UBC primer set #9 (UBC 801-900) and each primer contains 15 to 22 mer nucleotides.Based on primer screening, nine UBC primers had clear and reproducible polymorphism bands. According to Dices and Jaccards similarity coefficients, cluster analysis by UPGMA among the 13 Pinanga species showed two clusters. Cluster A consisted of nine species: P. javana, P. arinasae, P. patula, P. salicifolia, P. coronata, P. scortechini, P. disticha, P. grandis and P. densiflora; and cluster B consisted of four species from five accessions: P. caesia, P. copelandi, P. rumphiana-1, P. rumphiana-2 and P. insignis. The genetic similarity among the 13 species of Pinanga had a correlation with their geographical distribution. In cluster A, all of the accessions are from Sundaland and the adjacent region of Thailand, whereas all of the accessions in cluster B were distributed in the Philippines, Wallacea, and the New Guinea regions. Possibly this genetic similarity was caused by their geographical history and the natural barriers between them. This is the early conclusion was conducted using genetic markers on Pinanga. Further studies such as sequencing (plastid and nuclear ribosomal DNA) and applying more accessions of Pinanga species from broader geographic distributions may provide a better understanding of the relationships. The 1SSR markers application is a simple and quick way to analyze genetic relationships because no prior sequence data is needed, a large number of markers can be generated, and the supplies and equipment required are minimal.

LAJU PERTUMBUHAN IKAN KERAPU (SERRANIDAE) DAN KONDISI PERAIRAN TELUK KODEK, DESA MALAKA LOMBOK BARAT Langkosono, Langkosono
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The observation of growth rate of flowery cod, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus, estuary grouper, E. tauvina and water conditions was carried out from December 2004 to June 2005, at the coastal waters of Kodek Bay, Malaka Village, West Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara Province (NTB). Early total weight of grouper fishes were 26.24 kg; at the end of study, it reaches 83.58 kg. The results shows that no significant difference on the growth rate groupers due to time of observation; while there is a significant difference on the gaining of body weight. The water conditions of surface layer and the 12 m depth, as well as temperature varied between 28.0-30.0 Â° C, salinity between 30-35 %o, dissolved oxygen between 6.1-7.0 ml/I, transparancy between 3-12 m, current velocity between 0.014-0.071 m/sec; the pH between 8.2-8.7 and air temperature 26.5-27Â°C.The nutrient phosphate varied between 0.089-0.180 /ig.at/1, nitrite between 3.112-6.032 /ig.at/1. The of aspects of growth rate of flowery cod, estuary grouper and water conditions at the culture site are discussed.

INDUKSI MUTASI DAN SELEKSI IN VITRO MENGGUNAKAN ASAM FUSARAT UNTUK KETAHANAN PENYAKIT LAYU PADAPISANG AMBON HIJAU Lestari, Endang G; Mariska, I; Roostika, I; Kosmiatin, M
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Due to its high vitamin and nutrition content, banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) is deemed necessary as the mineral resources. The demand on the disease free seedlings are recently increasing. However, facing the problems of Fusarium attack in the production centers, health seedlings in the sufficient number are difficult to be provided. Hence, to solve the problems, mutative induction and in vitro selection to the shoot tip explants has been carried out in banana cv "Ambon Hijau", This research was conducted at the tissue culture laboratory of Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development. On level of 500; 750; 1000; and 1500 rad, Gamma ray radiation have been applied, continued by in vitro selection by using 0, 30 and 45 mg/1 fusaric acid. The selected explant about 0,5 cm were treated for 2 x 4 week selection period. The result showed that the best medium for regeneration was MS basal medium contains 3 mg/1 BA. The irradiation could increase somaclonal variation as well as created some new somaclones that resistant to fusaric acid. However irradiation and in vitro selection caused inhibition of culture growth. The more dosage of irradiation and concentration of fusaric acid decreased regeneration rate of explant. Inoculation by using conidia (5 g/kg soil) provided 18 putative mutant and higher concentration of conidia (lOg/lOkg soil) produced 37 mutant that resistant to Fusarium.

EFFECTS OFRHIZOBIAL INOCULATION ON THE EARLY GROWTH OF Acacia mangium IN THE FIELD [Pengaruh Inokulasi Rhizobium terhadap Pertumbuhan Awal Acacia mangium di Lapangan] Imelda, M; Erlyandari, F; Sukiman, H
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Dalam rangka mendukung program pemerintah dalam mengembangkan Hutan Tanaman Industri (HTI), bibit tanaman hutan berkualitas tinggi dibutuhkan dalam jumlah besar dan berkesinambungan. Untuk tujuan tersebut, 2 isolat Rhizobium terpilih diuji kemampuannya dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan mengefisiensikan pemupukan N pada tanaman Acacia mangium yang berasal dari kultur jaringan atau dari benih. Isolat yang kepadatannya 10 sel/ml diinokulasikan ke dalam planlet in vitro dan bibit A.mangium asal biji (masing-masing 30 tanaman).Tanaman yang telah diinokulasi, ditumbuhkan dalam polibag sampai cukup kuat untuk ditanam di lapangan. Percobaan disusun dalam Rancangan Split Plot dengan 3 ulangan. Asal bibit yaitu kultur jaringan dan benih digunakan sebagai main plot sedangkan dosis pemupukan urea (n0 = 0; n, = 7.5; n: = 7.5; n2 = 15, n, = 22,5; n4 = 30 g/ tanaman) sebagai subplot. Pengamatan yang dilakukan 12 minggu setelah tanam menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan kedua jenis bibit tersebut sangat baik meskipun bibit hasil kultur jaringan tumbuh lebih cepat dan lebih seragam.Namun tidak terdapat perbedaan yang nyata pada pertambahan tinggi tanaman, diameter batang dan jumlah cabang antar semua dosis urea yang dipakai berdasarkan uji LSD pada level 5 %.Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa simbiosis antar A. mangium dan rhizobium cukup efektif dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman selama 3 bulan pertama di lapangan tidak ada perbedaan yang jelas antar tanaman yang diberi dan tanpa pupuk N.

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