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BERITA BIOLOGI

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Search results for , issue "Vol 13, No 1 (2014)" : 24 Documents clear

PERTUMBUHAN POPULASI Daphnia sp. PADA MEDIA BUDIDAYA DENGAN PENAMBAHAN AIR BUANGAN BUDIDAYA IKAN LELE DUMBO (CLARIAS GARIEPINUS BURCHELL, 1822) [Population Growth of Daphnia sp. in A Culture Media With Waste Water of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Intensif Culture] Darmawan, Jadmiko
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 13, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The accumulation of organic compound from waste feed and feces from intensive catfish culture can give negative impact to the water quality. On the other hand, the need of live feed for freshwater fish larvae are not sufficient. The aim of this research was to study the effectivity of intensively catfish culture wastewater as a media for Daphnia sp. culture. The experimental research design was completely randomized with five treatments, i.e: Using 5 g/l of chicken manure in the media culture of Daphnia as a control while treatments B, C, and D were using wastewater of intensively catfish culture. The concentration of wastewater of intensively catfish culture was 25%, 50%, 75%,and each treatment was replicated four times. Broodstock of Daphnia sp. used at least 1mm diameter with stocking density 20 ind / liter. Data on population growth of Daphnia sp. obtained were processed using analysis of variance with confidence interval of 95%, followed by least significant difference test (LSD). Furthermore, water quality parameters and density of plankton was examined as supporting data. The water quality data was observed every 4 days and plankton density observation was conducted at the beginning and the end of the study. The result of this research showed that the wastewater of an intensive catfish culture could be used as an alternative media for Daphnia sp. culture. Based on the analysis showed that the different media of Daphnia sp. culture significantly influenced to the population growth of Daphnia sp. The most effective media for Daphnia sp. culture in this research was treatment C and D i.e. 75 % and 100% of waste water of intensive catfish culture.

VALIDASI, DISTRIBUSI DAN PEMANFAATAN ACANTHACEAE DI JAWA [Validation, Distribution and Potential uses of Acanthaceae in Java] Girmansyah, Deden
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 13, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Acanthaceae published in Flora of Java has had significant change especially for nomenclature, distribution and potential uses; thus it affected species names of collections of Acanthaceae in Herbarium Bogoriense of The Indonesian Institute of Sciences. It is therefore necessary to update information of Acanthaceae by conducting herbarium and field surveys as well as reviewing related publications. Validation of the species name, synonymous and distribution were carried out by using some online websites such as IPNI, Tropicos and The plantlist. Meanwhile, the potential uses were obtained from several publications. Examinations on herbarium specimens was conducted in the Herbarium Bogoriense, while field survey was carried out in several locations in Java. This study recorded a total of 164 species of Achantaceeae to which 53 were native in Java (Indonesia), 24 species become synonymous, and five other species have not been published. Some of them have potential chemical substances and uses.

APLIKASI MARKA MOLEKULER PADA BUAH DAN BIJI KOPI ASAL KALIMANTAN TIMUR [Molecular marker application of cherry and green bean of East Kalimantan coffee] Fatimah, Fatimah; Urnemi, Urnemi; Mustopa, Apon Zaenal; Syahrumsyah, Hudaida
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 13, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Two quantitative traits, cherry and green bean characters are the important phenotypic selection in coffee breeding practice. The important well-known character from coffee markets is cherry and bean size. In this study, 43 genotypes of coffee were collected from four districts in East Kalimantan i.e. Kutai Kertanegara, Kutai Timur, Berau dan Paser Utara. The objective of this study was to identify cherry and green bean character using quantitative trait locus (QTL) molecular marker, genetic variation from developed alleles, cluster analysis and association analysis of molecular marker, and phenotype observation. Based on polymorphic information content (PIC) of primers used in this study, the genetic variation was low. Based on cluster analysis, two major groups were identified. The first group corresponds to Arabika that consisted of 3 districts, Kutai Timur, Berau and Paser Utara. The second group correspond to Robusta mostly from Kutai Kertanegara.Significant association of primer markers M480 and M312 with QTL has suggested that they can be used as specific primers linked to size of cherry and green bean.Furthermore,they were potential marker assisted breeding in coffee breeding program.

PENGARUH LAMA PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP PERKECAMBAHAN BIJI Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl. [Effect of Seed Storage Duration on Seed Germination of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl.] Solikin, Solikin
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 13, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl. belongs to family Verbenaceae which has potential as medicinal and ornamental plant. Research on determination of the effect of storage duration on seed germination of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl. was conducted in the glass house of Purwodadi Botanic Garden from July 2012 - July 2013. Experiment used a completely randomized design with treatments storage duration namely: S0 = no stored ; S1 = stored for 2 months ; S2 = stored for 5 months ; S3 = stored for 8 months and S4 = stored for 12 months. The treatments was replicated 5 times with 100 seeds for each replication. The seeds were sowed on river sand medium sifted with 2 mm sieve mess at about 0.5 cm deep, in polybags ( 15x10 cm ). The polybags were placed in a plastic box 38 x 28 x 13 cm and covered by transparent plastic and black paranet. Variables measured were germination percentage and daily germination rate. The results showed that the seed storage duration had significantly affected seed germination rate of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl.. The highest seed germination (96.8 %) was recorded for the treatment of eight months storage duration (S3). Whereas the fastest germination rate (5.53 days) was observed on the treatment of two months storage period.

PARAMETER GENETIK SEJUMLAH GENOTIP PADI DI LAHAN SAWAH BERPENGAIRAN TEKNIS DAN TADAH HUJAN [Genetic Parameters of Some Rice Genotypes Under Irrigated and Dryland Conditions] Sutaryo, Bambang
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 13, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v13i1.650

Development of high-yielding varieties depends on choice of parents, include per se performance, morphological and agronomic traits, and genetic diversity as determined through geographic origin. Indicators of success can be expected from the value of genetic progress and some other important genetic parameters. The purpose of this study was to calculate the genetic heterogenity, heritability and genetic advances of some quantitative characters of rice genotypes. Experiments were conducted in the district of Kulon Progo, namely: Wates and Panjatan (irrigated condition, dry season of 2012), in Giripeni (rainfed, medium altitude, wet season of 2012/2013), Samigaluh and Kalibawang (rainfed, high altitude, wet season of 2012/2013). Each experiment was designed using a randomized complete block with three replications.Data indicated that not all environmental conditions appropriate for the selection and development of genotype due to low value heritability and expectation genetic advances of each environment was lower than the value heritability and expectation genetic advances for the combined average of the environment. Wates was suitable location for grain yield selection and development in terms of the high heritability values. Kalibawang, Giripeni and Wates have considerable heritabilty value for 1000 grain weight character, hence they can be used as suitable selection locations for these characters.

ISOLASI, IDENTIFIKASI DAN EVALUASI ANTAGONISME TERHADAP Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) SECARA IN VITRO DARI JAMUR ENDOFIT TANAMAN PISANG [Isolation, Identification and Evaluation of Antagonism to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) Under in Vitro Conditions from Endophytic Fungi of Musa sp.] Suciatmih, Suciatmih; Hidayat, I; Sulistiyani, TR
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 13, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Isolation of endophytic fungi was done to find alternative microorganisms as antifungal agent against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc), causing panama disease (fusarium wilt) on Musa spp. The research objectives were 1) to isolate and identify endophytic fungi colonize cavendish (AAA) and rejang (AA) bananas growing on PT Natural Tropical Fruit (NTF) Plantation in East Lampung; and 2) to evaluate for their antagonistic activity against Foc under in vitro conditions. The results indicated 46 isolates of endophytic fungi that were isolated from leaves, saplings and petioles of cavendish banana; and leaves and petioles of rejang banana. The isolated endophytic fungi belonging to the group of Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Guignardia, Penicillium, Talaromyces and non sporulating endophytic fungi that were classified as unidentified isolate. Fourteen isolates (30.43 %) of those 46 fungi isolates tested, showed varying degree of antagonism to Foc. The best three isolates that have strong antagonistic activities were Talaromyces sp. 27-4 (M), unidentified 23-3/11 (B) and unidentified 26-5/K (L). Fusarium oxysporum 22-3/F (I), Penicillium sp. 20-2/H (J), Talaromyces sp. 27-4 (M) and unidentified 21-1/6 (A) inhibited the growth of Foc by producing both volatile and unvolatile metabolites. The strongest inhibition (53.17 %) by volatile inhibitory subtance was produced by F. oxysporum 22-3/F (I), while the strongest inhibition (65.98 %)by unvolatile inhibitory subtance was produced by Penicillium sp. 20-2/H (J).

PERTUMBUHAN DAN MORTALITAS IKAN ENDEMIK BUTINI (Glossogobius matanensis Weber, 1913) DI DANAU TOWUTI, SULAWESI SELATAN [Growth and Mortality of Endemic Fish Butini (Glossogobius matanensis Weber,1913) in Lake Towuti, South Sulawesi] Mamangkey, Jefry Jack; Nasution, Syahroma Husni
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 13, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v13i1.651

Lake Towuti is the largest lake in the Malili Complex covering the area of 560 km and 203 m in depth. Butini is an endemic and vulnerable fish species that consumed by the local people and have an important economic value. Various activities occured in the lake was thought to be the cause of decreasing fish populations.The objective of this study was to determine the growth and mortality of butini in Lake Towuti.This research was conducted in Lake Towuti for 12 months from Mei 2006 to April 2007.Fish samples obtained by using long lines with various number of hooks i.e. 8,10,12,14,and 16.Each depth (25, 50, 75, 100, 150, and 200 m) launched one long line unit in three zones (A, B, and C).Growth and fish mortality were calculated based on total length frequency data using FiSAT II software. The results showed that the longest size (46.20 cm) was the male found at a depth of -1,200(t-to)150 m in April in Zone C.The combined Von Bertalanffyâs growth pattern was of L(t)= 46,62 [1 - e ]. While the growth pattern for each male -0,950(t-to) -0,820(t-to) and female was L(t) =46,62 [1 - e ] and L(t)= 46,62 [1 - e ] respectively. The highest total mortality was found in Zone B (5.49 per year) occurred in female fish. The highest natural mortality was observed in Zone B (1.80 per year) occurred in male fish.The highest fishing mortality was recorded in zone B (4.08 per year) and found in female fish. The highest exploitation level was found in zone A (E = 0.76) recorded in female fish.Exploitation level of butini stock in Lake Towuti indicated over-fishing (E=0.56) recorded in Zone A.

KERAGAMAN GENETIK Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze (Taccaceae) DARI BEBERAPA PROVENANSI DI INDONESIA BERDASARKAN MARKA INTER SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEATS (ISSR) [The Genetic Diversity of Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze (Taccaceae) from Various Provenance Ardiyani, Marlina; Sulistyaningsih, Lulut Dwi; Esthi, Yunita Nur
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 13, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Kecondang or Taka (Tacca leontopetaloides), a member of Taccaceae, is one the carbohydrate alternatives to rice which can be developed in coastal area. With the global warming, the sea level has increased and small islands are more isolated. The people who lives in these islands should depend on their bioresources.As Taka inhabits coastal area, the development of this plant becomes critical.A total of 65 accessions of Taka from 9 provenances in Indonesia (Sukabumi, Madura, Kp.Siung (Yogyakarta), Gn. Kidung (Yogyakarta), and the small islands in Karimun Jawa namely Nyamuk, Katang, Cendekia, Kumbang, Seruni islands) were characterized using six ISSR markers [GSGG (TG5)T; CCAG(TGG)3TG; GGAG(TGG)3TG; BDBT(TCC4); (AC)8C; (AG)8G]. The scoring of the fragments resulted in 55 (69.6%) polymorphic bands. The size of the bands varied from 150bp to 1,6kb. The 65 accessions of Taka made several clusters according to their provenances. The range of individual genetic dissimilarity was from 0.012 to 0.186. The results showed that amongst nine population studied, Gn. Kidul, Yogyakarta population has the highest level of genetic variation with mean values of Na = 1.3544Â±0.4814, Ne =1.1784Â±0.3025, PLP = 35.44% and He = 0.1094Â±0.1681. Whereas, P. Nyamuk, Kep. Karimun Jawa population has the lowest level of genetic variation with mean values of Na = 1.0759Â±0.2666, Ne = 1.0523Â±0.2163, PLP = 7.59% and He = 0.0275Â±0.1097.

PENELITIAN NYALI DI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG GEDE PANGRANGO DAN TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG HALIMUN SALAK, JAWA BARAT, INDONESIA [Research on gall in Mount Gede Pangrango and Mount Halimun Salak National Parks, West Java, Indonesia] Rachman, Erlin; Tihurua, Eka Fatmawati; Sunaryo, Sunaryo
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 13, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Research on gall (including field and laboratory observations and field collecting) have been conducted in the Mounts Gede Pangrano (MGPNP) and Halimun Salak National Parks (MHSNP). This research focused on gall shapes, host plant species, and parts of the host plants infected by galls. The result showed that there were 169 gall numbers in MGNP and 127 numbers in MHSNP have been collected. Distribution of plant species infected by the galls were rather same in the both conservation areas. In MHSNP seven families mostly infected by galls: Araceae, 4 species of 5 gall numbers collection in the family (=4/5), Elaeocarpaceae (5/5), Euphorbiaceae (7/9), Lauraceae (8/11), Moraceae (6/7), Melastomataceae (4/4) and Rubiaceae (9/12). In MGPNP the composition is only fairly different: Araliaceae (4/6),Euphorbiaceae (8/13), Lauraceae (9/12), Melastomataceae (5/6), Moraceae (13/22), Myrtaceae (9/11) and Rubiaceae (6/13). At least 23 gall shapes were found in both locations. The most common shape of galls found in MGNP was irregular, while in MHSNP was globular.Galls were mostly (90%) collected from leaf including peduncles and leaf venations. The other parts included twigs, branches, stems, flowers,and fruits. The most common insect found investing galls (i.e. insect gallers) was the midges (54.4%) followed by mites (18.5%), psyllids (11.1%), thrips (6.3%), coccids (1.9%), and aleurodes (1.9%).

SIRKULASI VIRUS AVIAN INFLUENZA SUBTIPE H5N1 DI PASAR TRADISIONAL DI JAWA TIMUR TAHUN 2012 [Circulation of the Avian Influenza Virus Subtype H5N1 at Traditional Markets of East Java in 2012] Hartawan, Risza; Dharmayanti, NLP Indi
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 13, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 outbreak has become endemic in Indonesia since 2003. The disease does not only cause immense economic losses but it also leads to significant fatality of human being. The existence of traditional markets including live bird trading is suspected to play important role in the spreading and evolution of the virus. The objective of this study was to identify the circulation of H5N1 virus at traditional markets of East Java in 2012 by using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test and virus isolation. As results, this study detected the presence of the H5N1 virus circulating in Gresik, Mojokerto, Lamongan and Surabaya in both of live birds and environmental samples. The successfulness of virus isolation indicated a potential transmission to other hosts, including to human. This study suggests that the improvement of the poultry trading system at traditional markets by implementing sanitation, hygiene and biosecurity is necessary to reduce the burden of virus contamination at the market environment.

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