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Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 23025255     EISSN : 25415328     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Energy Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
"Jurnal Energi dan Manufaktur" is a journal published by Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana, Bali since 2006. During 2006-2011 the journal's name was "Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Mesin CAKRAM" (Scientific journal in mechanical engineering, CAKRAM). "Jurnal Energi dan Manufaktur" is released biannually on April and October, respectively. We invite authors to submit papers from experimental research, review work, analytical-theoretical study, applied study, and simulation, in related to mechanical engineering (energy, material, manufacturing, design) to be published through "Jurnal Energi dan Manufaktur".
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 387 Documents
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Simulasi Perubahan Prilaku Regangan Geser Material Rel Pada Perubahan Suhu Permukaan Kontak Akibat Beban Gelinding/Gesek I Made Widiyarta
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 5, No.1 April 2011
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Abstract

Repeated wheel load over rail can cause rail material at the contact surface to accumulate severe plasticdeformation. The material fails after accumulating a critical shear strain and produce wear debris and fatigue cracks. Duringrolling/sliding contact between railway rails and wheel, temperature will rais at the contact surface due to frictional heatingand thermal stress will develop. If the generation of heat is high enough the rail material may soften.In this work, a simulation based on ratchetting failure is used to study shear strain behaviour of rail material withfrictional heating in rolling/sliding contact between wheel and railway rail. The simulation results show the materialsoftening and thermal stress increase the rate of shear strain accumulation by ratchetting leading to fail material morequickly.
Karakteristik Biodiesel dari Minyak Biji Randu (Ceiba Pentandra) dengan Proses Transesterifikasi Menggunkan Katalis NaoH Nofal Kharis; Hary Sutjahjono; Hari Arbiantara; Digdo Listyadi Setyawan; Nasrul Ilminnafik
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 12 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (109.499 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JEM.2019.v12.i01.p07

Abstract

Indonesia sangat berpotensi untuk produksi bahan bakar biodiesel yang berbahan nabati dengan keunggulan yaitu bisa diperbaharui. Banyak sumber bahan bakar alternatif yang mudah ditemukan di Indonesia untuk dijadikan bahan pembuatan biodiesel salah satunya biji randu. Pembuatan biodiesel dari bahan minyak biji randu yang diperoleh dengan cara biji randu dikeringkan terlebih dahulu kemudian biji dihancurkan dan haluskan menggunakan mesin penggiling, kemudian setelah biji halus hasil dari penggilingan dipress untuk mendapatkan minyaknya. Ektraksi biji kapuk menghasilkan 16-25 % ml minyak biji randu dari berat biji. Proses degumming dengan cara minyak ditimbang kemudian dipanaskan dengan suhu mencapai ±50 °C, Kemudian di tambahkan asam phospat sebanyak 0,1% dari berat minyak randu. Dengan suhu minyak dipertahankan selama 60 menit. Kemudian proses transesterifikasi dilakukan pencampuran larutan pada suhu 50 °C dengan lama pengadukan 90 menit, proses transesterifikasi menggunakan larutan metanol dan NaoH sebebagai katalis untuk menghasilkan metyl ester. Kemudian biodiesel diuji karakteristiknya dari pengujian menghasilkan nilai kalor 8641,473 kal/gram, densitas 8730 g/cm³, viskositas 6.815 cst, flash point 115 °C. Indonesia has the potential for the production of biodiesel fuels made from vegetables with many advantages, which can be renewed. There are many alternative fuel sources that are easily found in Indonesia to make biodiesel as one of the ingredients for seedling. The making of biodiesel from the ingredients of linseed oil obtained by means of litter seeds is dried first then the seeds are crushed and puree using a grinding machine, then after the fine seeds from the mill are pressed to get the oil. Extraction of kapok seeds produces 16-25% ml of seed oil from seed weight. The Degumming process by weighing the oil is then heated with temperatures reaching ± 50 ° C, then phosphate acid is added as much as 0.1% of the weight of the oil. With the oil temperature maintained for 60 minutes. Then the transesterification process was carried out by mixing the solution at 50 ° C with a stirring time of 90 minutes, the transesterification process using methanol and NaoH as a catalyst to produce metyl ester. Then the characteristics of the biodiesel tested from the test produced a heating value of 8641,473 cal / gram, density 8730 g / cm30, viscosity 6,815 cst, flash point 115 ° C.
Sistem kontrol gerak kinematika robot gripper manipulator Wayan Widhiada; Putu Agus Suryawan; Beny Maximin Messakh
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 10 No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Abstract

Abstrak Sistem robot manipulator ini merupakan mekanisme lengan yang terdiri dari serangkaian segmen yang digunakan untuk menangkap dan memindahkan benda dengan beberapa derajat kebebasan. Dalam perkembangannya, robot manipulator telah digunakan dalam melaksanakan misi tertentu dan membantu operasi di ruang angkasa. Robot biasanya berinteraksi dengan sistem tangan, dan dalam kegiatan industri tangan biasanya disebut sebagai gripper. Penulis menggunakan metode simulasi teknik yang dapat menentukan sistem gerak kinematika robot. Simulasi teknik adalah metode yang digunakan untuk mendesain dan menganalisa gerakan robot dimana hasil dari respon gerakan robot yang didapat mendekati hasil dalam keadaan sebenarnya. Simulasi juga dapat menghemat waktu dan biaya yang digunakan dalam mendesain robot gripper manipulator lima jari dengan elemen prismatik. Dengan menggunakan kontrol PID diharapkan respon gerak kinematik dari setiap joint robot manipulator mencapai perfomance yang terbaik seperti overshoot yang kecil, dan kondisi tenang (steady state) dalam waktu yang singkat disertai dengan keselahan penggerak yang kecil. Melalui proses Advance tuning pada PID kontrol selesai didapatkan parameter penguat pada PID kontrol yaitu Kp = 0.7194, Ki = 8.306 dan Kd = 0.0061sehingga tercapai performance gerakan kinematika robot gripper manipulator yang terbaik sesuai yang dikehendaki oleh user dengan rise time yang singkat 0.52 detik, waktu puncak yang singkat 0.52 detik, maksimum overshoot yang kecil 1,8%, kesetebailan response dicapai pada 0.76 detik dan kesalahan penggerak yang sangat kecil 0.32%. Kata kunci: Robot gripper manipulator, PID control, gerakan kinematika Abstract A robot gripper manipulator system mechanism comprising a series of segments that are used to capture and move objects with multiple degrees of freedom. In the process, the robot manipulator has been used in carrying out the specific mission and assist operations in space. Robot manipulator are usually interact with the system, and in industrial activity is usually referred to as a gripper hand. The author uses the method of simulation techniques to determine the robot kinematics motion systems. Simulation technique is a method used to design and analyze the movement of the robot where the results of robot movement response to the result obtained in actual circumstances. Simulations can also save time and costs used in designing the robot gripper manipulator five fingers with prismatic elements. By using the PID control is expected kinematic motion response of each joint robot manipulator achieve best perfomance as small overshoot, and calm conditions (steady state) within a short time accompanied by a small driving keselahan. Advance through the process of tuning PID parameters obtained complete control amplifier at PID control is Kp = 0.7194, Ki = 8,306 and Kd = 0.0061 so that the best performance kinematic motion for robot gripper manipulator is achieved as desired by the user with a short rise time of 12:52 seconds, time 0:52 seconds short peak, small overshoot maximum 1.8%, kesetebailan response was achieved in 0.76 seconds and a very small driving mistakes 12:32%. Keywords: Robot gripper manipulator, PID control, kinematics motion
Simulation, Experimental and Analitical Study of Deflection at End Curved Beam Affected by Single Concentrated Load Dewa Ngakan Ketut Putra Negara; Anak Agung Istri Agung Sri Komaladewi
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 3, No.1 April 2009
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Abstract

Deflection has an important role in order to design structure or machine component, beside consideration of stresscalculation. This is due to although stress is still smaller then stress allowed by material strength, but probably happen thatdeflection exceeds limit allowed. That condition affects serious hazard on machine elements or structure due to it can affectof component deviate from its main function. One of element which is often experience of deflection is beam. Beams playsignificant roles in many engineering applications, including buildings, bridges, automobiles, and airplane structures. In thisresearch, material to be used was Steel ASTM 1060, with specimen in the form of curved beam. Physical condition of beamwas modeled use of BEAM3 2D. Variation of loads to be applied were W = 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, and550 gr in vertical direction. The result of simulation was verificated by analytical and experimental data. Evaluation wascarried out by statistical test (t-test). The result of simulation is categorized to be good if the result of simulation is samewith analytical and experimental data. The result of research shows that loading has a significant effect on the deflection.The higher load affect the higher of deflection Modeling use of BEAM3 2D gave good result of deflection. This is showedfrom t-test have done, where the result of simulation was same with analytical and experimental data. Other advantage ofsimulation was deflection result obtained was not limited only at the end of beam, but it can predict of deflection at eachnode or point desired
Kajian Eksperimental Parameter Modal Bangunan Dua Lantai dengan Metode Modal Analisis Islahuddin Islahuddin; Meifal Rusli; Mulyadi Bur
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 9 No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Abstract

Abstrak:Pengukuran getaran merupakan kegiatan yang umum dilakukan dalam perawatan prediktif. Perawatan prediktifbiasanya menggunakan pengukuran sinyal getaran untuk mendeteksi kerusakan yang terjadi pada mesin. Sinyalgetaran yang terukur tersebut, kemudian ditransformasikan dalam bentuk grafik fungsi respon frekuensi (FRF).Selanjutnya FRF diolah sedemikian rupasehingga diperoleh modus getar struktur. Dari modus getar yang diperoleh,maka dapat dianalisa kemungkinan kerusakan yang terjadi pada mesin dengan melihat besarnya amplitudo getarannya.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa karakteristik dinamik dari sistem getaran yang terjadi pada model strukturbangunan dua lantai. Pengujian dilakukan denganmemberikan gaya eksitasi menggunakan impact hammer.Akselerometer digunakan mengukur sinyal getaran yang terjadi pada struktur. Posisi penempatan akselerometerdilakukan bervariasi untuk delapan titik pengujian yang berbeda. Sedangkan posisi pemberian gaya eksitasi tetap untuksemua titik pengujian. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode modal analisis eksperimen untuk mengetahuikarakteristik dinamik dari model struktur bangunan dua lantai. Teknik modal analisis ini digunakan untuk mendapatkanparameter modal seperti frekuensi, rasio redaman, dan modus getar. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian inimenunjukkan bahwafrekuensi pribadipertama pada amplitudo maksimum mempunyai nilai yang sama, yaitu 2,313 Hz.Sedangkan untuk frekuensi pribadi kedua pada amplitudo maksimumnya terdapat perbedaan, yaitu pada titik pengujian3 dan 7. Hal ini dapat disebabkan oleh pemberian gaya eksitasi yang tidak sama dengan titik-titik pengujian yang lain.Kata kunci: Karakteristik dinamik, analisis modal eksperimen, frekuensi pribadi, FRFAbstract:Measuring vibration is an activity which is generally carried out in a predictive maintenance. In maintaining, vibratesignal measurement is usually used for machine damage detection. The signal measurement is then being transformedin a FRF graph. FRF will then be processed in order to get structure mode shape. From the shape mode, analysis of themachine damage by looking at save amplitude value may be done. The purpose of this research is analyzing thedynamic character of vibration behavior on the structure model of two floor building. The testing is carried out byimplementing excitation force by using impact hammer. Accelerometer is used to measure structure vibrate signal. Theposition of accelerometer is variety for every eight different testing area. Meanwhile, the position of excitation force isthe same for all area of testing. This research applied experimental analysis modal method in order to identify dynamiccharacteristic of the structure model of two floor building. The aims of analysis modal technique are getting the modalparameter such as frequency, damping ratio, and mode shapes. The result of this research is the first natural frequencyon the maximum amplitude is the same of 2,313 Hz. While, for the second natural frequency on the maximum amplitudeis different on area 3 and area 7. This happened as the effect of the differences of excitation force in the testing area.Keywords: Dynamic characteristic, experimental modal analysis, natural frequency, FRF
Peningkatan Efisiensi Absorbsi Radiasi Matahari pada Solar Water Heater dengan Pelapisan Warna Hitam NK. Caturwati; Yuswardi Y; Nino S
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 5 No 1 (2012): Oktober 2012
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Abstract

Indonesia is a country which is get sun exposure throughout the year due to geographically located aroundthe equator. Utilization of solar energy as a source of renewable energy should be encouraged in order toconserve the use of fossil energy sources dwindling availability. This paper presents the use of sun energyas water heater (Solar Water Heater). The experimental method is studies comparing the performance ofsolar water heater with genuine copper pipe collector and copper pipe which was coated a black paint. Thestudy was conducted in Cilegon area for all day from 08:00 am until 05:00 pm with a one hour samplingperiod for 10 days. From data collector inlet-outlet water temperature and environmentally condition inwhich testing is done, furthermore was calculated the energy absorption efficiency by solar water heater.Theoretically, the absorption of energy radiation by a black body is the best. Results of the study is the pipecollector with black paint coating had higher energy absorption efficiency up to 31 times than the copperpipe collector with no coating.
Penerapan teknologi investment casting pada pembuatan kerajinan perak I Nyoman Gde Antara; I Nyoman Jujur
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 2, No.1 Juni 2007
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Abstract

Technology of investment casting has been successfully introduced and applied to the process in producing rings of silver jewelry in cooperative members of silver craftsmen association in Desa Celuk Sukawati Gianyar Bali. In this experiment, the casting equipments used were a principal modified casting machine to avoid a costly production. It was found that the application of investment casting was very prospective method. At once process of the application that took less than a working day, 17 pieces of ring could be produced, where 9 pieces (53%) were excellent and 8 pieces (47%) were invalid. This success is believed can be improved effectively either by controlling or optimizing the working parameters of each equipments in advance. Therefore, the application of the investment casting in producing silver jewelry will assist craftsmen not only to increase their products quality and quantity, but it also will prevent a high production cost compared to those of producing traditionally.
Proses Bubut pada Berbagai Jenis Kayu untuk Furnitur Rusnaldy Rusnaldy; Achmad Widodo; Norman Iskandar; Berkah Fajar T.K
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 7 No 2 (2014): Oktober 2014
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Abstract

Indonesia termasuk negara eksportir furnitur terbesar di dunia. Namun demikian, kualitasfurnitur Indonesia masih kalah bersaing dengan furnitur dari negara-negara seperti Cina,Kanada, Meksiko, Italia, Vietnam, Malaysia dan Taiwan. Salah satu hal yang menyebabkankualitas furnitur Indonesia masih rendah adalah kurangnya penguasaan teknologimanufaktur kayu, dalam hal ini proses permesinan, terutama proses bubut, karenamerupakan proses yang paling banyak dipakai. Kualitas permukaan dari produk yangterbuat dari kayu adalah satu hal yang sangat penting dalam industri furnitur karenadisamping berkaitan dengan masalah estetika juga berpengaruh pada proses manufakturselanjutnya seperti proses finishing dan kekuatan sambungan adhesifnya. Pada penelitianini kayu yang digunakan adalah jenis-jenis kayu yang banyak digunakan sebagai bahanbaku produk furnitur di Indonesia, terutama di pulau Jawa, seperti kayu jati, nangka, mahoni,dan mangga. Spesimen benda kerja diambil dari balok kayu pada arah radial danlongitudinal, dan dibuat berbentuk silinder dengan diameter 30 mm dan panjang 80 mm.Parameter proses bubut yang divariasikan adalah feed rate, karena secara teoritis dan darihasil kajian sebelumnya parameter inilah yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kekasaranpermukaan benda kerja, sementara parameter lainnya seperti cutting speed dan kedalamanpotong dibuat konstan. Dari hasil diperoleh bahwa spesimen yang diambil dari arah radialmemiliki kekasaran permukaan yang lebih besar bila dibanding dengan arahlongitudinal.Dari hasil juga terlihat bahwa semakin besar feed rate yang diterapkan padaproses bubut kayu, semakin besar pula nilai kekasaran permukaannya.Dari penelitian inijuga didapat bahwa kayu nangka memiliki kualitas permukaan yang paling baik biladibandingkan dengan kayu jati, mahoni dan mangga.Kata kunci: Kayu, furnitur, proses bubut, kualitas permukaanIndonesia including the country's largest furniture exporter in the world. However, the qualityof Indonesian furniture still unable to compete with furniture from countries like China,Canada, Mexico, Italy, Vietnam, Malaysia and Taiwan. One of the things that cause lowquality furniture Indonesia still is a lack of mastery of wood manufacturing technology, in thiscase the process of machining, especially turning process, because it is the most widelyused. There are many technological barriers that must be overcome in order to qualitytimber from the machining process could be good. Surface quality of products made fromwood is a very important thing in the furniture industry as well as issues related to aestheticsalso affects the subsequent manufacturing prose like finishing process and the strength ofthe connection adhesive. Therefore, the research to obtain the characteristics of the woodlathe process to obtain high quality furniture products have done the research team. Thisstudy are used the types of wood such as teak, jackfruit, mahogany, and mango.Specimens taken from the work piece wooden beams in the radial and longitudinaldirections, and made cylindrical with a diameter of 30 mm and a length of 80 mm. Latheprocess parameters are varied is the feed rate, because theoretically and from the results ofprevious studies is the most influential parameter of the surface roughness of the workpiece, while the other parameters such as cutting speed and depth of cut made constant.Testing of physical properties and mechanical properties of each timber are also performedas supporting data. From the results obtained that the specimen taken from the radialdirection has a greater surface roughness than the longitudinal direction. In addition, if thegreater the feed rate is applied to the wood lathe, the greater the surface roughness values.The jackfruit wood has the most excellent surface quality when compared with teak,mahogany and mango.Keywords: Wood, furniture, lathing, surface quality.
Pengaruh Jenis Pasir Cetak dengan Zat Pengikat Bentonit Terhadap Sifat Permeabilitas dan Kekuatan Tekan Basah Cetakan Pasir (Sand Casting) I Made Astika; DNK Putra Negara; Made Agus Susantika
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 4, No.2 Oktober 2010
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Abstract

Salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap hasil coran logam adalah cetakan yang digunakan. Kesalahandalam pembuatan cetakan bisa menyebabkan terjadinya cacat pada proses pengecoran. Penyebab utama terjadinya cacatpada proses pengecoran yaitu sifat-sifat dari cetakan seperti permeabilitas, kekuatan tekan cetakan, dan sintering poin yangrendah serta distribusi butiran pasir tidak sesuai. Sifat-sifat cetakan itu sendiri sangat tergantung pada distribusi besar butirpasir cetak, persentase zat pengikat dan persentase kadar air, sehingga perlu adanya penelitian untuk mendapatkan jenispasir cetak yang cocok sebagai cetakan pasir pada pengecoran logam.Dalam penelitian ini digunakan jenis pasir laut, pasir gunung dan pasir sungai, dengan variasi zat pengikatbentonit 4%, 6%, dan 8%, dan kadar air 4%. Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah uji kekuatan tekan dan permeabilitas.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan zat pengikat bentonit berpengaruh terhadap sifat permeabilitasdan kekuatan tekan cetakan pasir, sedangkan jenis pasir tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata. Permeabilitas cetakanpasir paling tinggi diperoleh pada penggunaan pasir gunung dengan zat pengikat bentonit 4% yaitu sebesar 24,71 cm3/min,dan kekuatan tekan pasir cetak paling tinggi diperoleh pada penggunaan pasir laut dengan zat pengikat bentonit 8% yaitusebesar 0,78 N/cm2
Fatigue Characteristic of Chopped Strand Mat/Polyester Composite I Made Astika
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 3, No.2 Oktober 2009
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Abstract

The application of composite as an alternatif material to substitute of metal has better properties than metal such as light, high elasticity, corrosion and fatigue resistance. Some components in its application are subjected to millions of varying stress cycles that initiated to fatigue failure such as crack, delamination and fracture. The strength of composite is influenced by construction, fiber type, orientation and fiber fraction. The objective of this experiment is to investigate the fatigue characteristic on SCM composite. Material composite to be used is glass fiber with chopped strand mat (CSM) as fiber and Yukalac 157 BQTN-EX with 1% hardener (Mexpox) as matrix. The mold process was built with hand lay-up. Fiber volume fractions in composite are 40, 32 and 24 %. The tests to be done on composite are fatigue and tensile test. The research show that the increasing of fiber fraction in composite affects increasing of fatigue life, endurance limit and tensile strength. Fatigue failure modes of composite are debonding, matrix cracking, delamination and fiber fracture.

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