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PENURUNAN KADAR CO2 PADA BIOGAS DENGAN ABSORBSI NaOH TERHADAP KECEPATAN RAMBAT API GA, As’adi; Ilminnafik, Nasrul; Syuhri, Ahmad
ROTOR Vol 7, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : ROTOR

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Abstract

Biogas is produced from the fermentation process and generate gases: CH4, CO2, H2, N2, O2, and H2S. The biogas content on there are still many impurities (inhibitors) in affecting the quality of the biogas biogas, one of which is CO2. Carbon dioxide is a molecule that can inhibit and decrease the rate of the combustion reaction, because the carbon dioxide would disrupt the chain of chemical reactions of combustion, so the chemical reaction of combustion is inhibited. This study was to determine the effect of variations in the concentration and duration of contact NaOH to the reduction of CO2 levels shown in the figure the distance between the flame propagation speed of propagation of fire and flame. Observations carried out experiments with burning stoichiometric mixture (methane and air) that has been purified in the combustion chamber Helle-Shaw Cell 1cm x 20cm x 60cm. The results showed that the concentration and contact time can reduce the levels of CO2 in the biogas yield faster flame propagation speed.   Keywords: Cepat Rambat Api, Karbon dioksida, Konsentrasi NaOH, Waktu kontak
APLIKASI REFRIGERAN CAMPURAN LPG/CO2 PADA SISTEM REFRIGERASI KOMPRESI UAP Ilminnafik, Nasrul
ROTOR Vol 5, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : ROTOR

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Abstract

A new binary mixture of R744 and R290 as an alternative natural refrigerant to halocarbon was presented in this paper. Its environmental performance is friendly. It has an ODP of zero and GWP smaller than 20. This work investigates the result of an experimental study carried out to determine the performance of a refrigeration system. Experimental studies for this mixture were performed on machine installation A.C. Bench, P.A. Hilton. Ltd.. Serial No. A573/41154. LPG-CO2 mixing ratio used was 90:10; 85:15; 80:20% by mass, with the total mass of the mixture of 300 grams. The results showed that the increase of air velocity at the evaporator with CO2 concentrations is constant, which is causing the increase on refrigeration capacity. While the addition of CO2 concentration mixed refrigerant causing decrease on refrigeration capacity. This is due to the increasing CO2 concentration causes a decrease in enthalpy of the mixture, which causes the refrigeration capacity is also decreased. Increased of air flow velocity at the evaporator at a concentration of CO2 remains causing compressor work resulting decrease. This is due to an increase in air velocity causing an increase in temperature of the evaporator so that the required compressor work is decrease. Increase of concentration of CO2 in the mixture causes the compressor work increases because CO2 has a high-pressure work so that the compression load is increasing and the compressor were employment given compressor is also increasing. Increase of air flow rate causes the coefficient of performance of refrigeration systems is getting increased. While the increase in CO2 concentrations has led to the decrease of performance coefficient Keywords: Hydrocarbon refrigerant, LPG, CO2, coeffisient of performance.
ANALISIS PENGARUH VARIASI MASSA LPG SEBAGAI REFRIGERAN TERHADAP PRESTASI KERJA DARI LEMARI ES Perkasa, Alfons Erick; Ilminnafik, Nasrul; Listyadi, Digdo
ROTOR Vol 6, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : ROTOR

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Abstract

Refrigerant is a fluid acting on a cooling machine that plays an important role in a carnot cycle cooling engine. In study was done by looking at the effect of adding refrigerant mass variation of the COP (Coefficient of Performance) by using a refrigerant-based non-Freon refrigerant that use LPG (Petrileum Liquefied Gas). In this study using the LPG mass variations 50 grams, 80 grams and 90 grams and use R-12 refrigerant. From the research conducted, the results obtained from the performance engine cooling using refrigerant 80 grams times higher than that using the mass 50 grams and 90 grams, the highest coefficient of performance that is equal to 6,30 The result of research conducted, the result that the COP of the vapor compression machine (fridge) with a variation of the mass is the mass composition 80 grams is best used to obtain the greatest COP. Keyword : carnot’s siklus, COP (Coefficient of Performance), LPG(Liquefied Petrileum Gas)
PENGARUH VARIASI BEBAN PENDINGIN TERHADAP PRESTASI KERJA MESIN PENDINGIN DENGAN REFRIGERAN R12 DAN LPG Rizal A. Y., Moch.; Ilminnafik, Nasrul; Listyadi, Digdo
ROTOR Vol 6, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : ROTOR

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Abstract

In this research discusses the influence of the cooling load variations on job performance refrigeration includes refrigeration capacity, coefficient of performance and cooling time, the compressor, the impact of refrigeration and compression work with refrigerants R12 and LPG. This study uses a variation of the load is light 20watt, 40Watt, 60Watt, and 80watt at the time of the study for 30 minutes for each of the cooling load, the file retrieval is done use the cooling machine refrigerator sanyo type with dimensions of 90 cm x 45 cm x 45 cm. The results showed the optimum value of COP (coeficient of Performance) of the fridge that I use on the refrigerant R12 and LPG with a load of 40 watts and 30 minutes was 4.75 for R12 and 5.00 for LPG,Obtained that use LPG refrigerant temperature produced less than R12 at the same time that is 30 minutes, the temperature on LPG without cooling load is 10 oC, the load is 11 oC 20 watt, 40 watt load by 12 oC, 60 watt load of 15 oC, and for a load of 80 watts by 17 oC and R12 produced no load temperature is 12 oC, 20 watt load as big as 13 oC, 40 oC as a 15 watt, 60 watt load of 16 oC, and for a load of 80 watts of 18  oC it is seen that the use of LPG refrigerants better because it has a pretty good engine performance compared to R12 views of COP obtained from the same load. Key word: Cooling load ,COP, LPG, refrigerant
Karakteristik Termal Briket Kayu Sengon Dengan Variasi Suhu Tekan Ilminnafik, Nasrul; Fauzi, M. Agung
ROTOR Vol 8, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : ROTOR

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Abstract

Briquette is a solid fuel that made from organic waste and mixed with other materials by pressure. In this research, the raw material used is waste of sengon sawdust and used  tapioca flour as binder. This study focused on the effect of temperature pressure variations on ignition time, burning time and the rate of combustions of briquette charcoal sengon. Pyrolisis temperature 400 ºC and variation of temperature pressure were 150ºC, 175ºC, and 200ºC. The results of research onsuppression temperature of 200 ºC, the ignition time is getting longer, because the more water out of charcoal and tapioca, it makes active adhesive particles to bind the charcoal leading to higher density briquettes. On suppression temperature of 200 ºC, the burning time is getting longer, because more and more moisture out of charcoal and tapioca, so that more particles tapioca that binds the active charcoal. On pressure of 200 ºC, the slower the rate of combustion because the evaporation of the water content of charcoal and tapioca so that the higher the water content out of the adhesive will more actively bind charcoal and increase density of briquettes. Keywords: briquettes sengon, thermal characteristics, ignition time, burning time, rate of combustion.
Analisa Laju Pelepasan Kalor Kondensor 10 U dan Separation Condenser Dengan Penambahan Subcooler Terhadap Koefisien Prestasi Mesin Pendingin Refrigerator Menggunakan Refrigerant Liquefied Petroleum Gas Amirul Yahya; Franciscus Xaverius Kristianta; Nasrul Ilminnafik
Jurnal Energi dan Teknologi Manufaktur Vol 2 No 02 (2019)
Publisher : Polinema Press, Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jetm.v2i02.12

Abstract

The research used an experimental method by comparing the use of condenser separation with addition subcooler and condenser 10 U. In the same process condensation was done with the same condenser length with varying refrigerant discharge of 114x10-6 m3/s, 131x10-6 m3/s and 148x10-6 m3/s. The study used a refrigerant LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) with a composition of 50% butane and propane 50%. The objective of study was to analyze heat release rate values ​​of both condensers on the coefficient of machine / COP (Coefficient of Performance) value of the refrigerator. Research on the 114x10-6 m3/s refrigerant discharge resulted in average of heat release rate separation condenser with addition subcooler higher than 10 U condenser with value of 0.000455727 kW. Refrigerant discharge test 131x10-6 m3/s, the average of heat release rate separation condenser with addition subcooler is higher than the condenser 10 U of 0.000297211 kW. Refrigerant discharge test 148x10-6 m3/s, condenser 10 U yields average of heat release rate value higher than separation condenser with addition subcooler amount of 0,014013777 kW. The average value of heat release rate by the condenser 10 U will have the same trend value of COP, while at the separation condenser with addition subcooler yielding a value which is inversely proportional to the COP yield, the lower of heat release rate the resulting COP value will increase.
Analisis Thermal Kolektor Pemanas Air Yang Dilengkapi PCM Parafin – Mentega Adhe Reza Firmansyah; Aris Zainul Muttaqin; Agus Triono; Nasrul Ilminnafik
Jurnal Energi dan Teknologi Manufaktur Vol 3 No 02 (2020)
Publisher : Polinema Press, Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jetm.v3i02.14

Abstract

Kebutuhan energi semakin meningkat dengan adanya kemajuan teknologi, sehingga manusia berusaha untuk mengeksploitasi sumber energi secara maksimal. Oleh karena itu perlu inovasi baru untuk menggantikan sumber energi tersebut, salah satunya adalah penggunaan Phase Change Material (PCM) pada kolektor pemanas air. Pada penelitian ini PCM yang diguakan adalah parafin dengan penambahan mentega. Penambahan mentega pada parafin digunakan untuk meningkatkan konduktivitas termal dari PCM parafin. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui karakteristik PCM dengan variasi campuran bahan yaitu mentega - parafin dan efisiensi kolektor pemanas air. Persentase campuran mentega dan parafin sebesar 10%, dan 20% dari volume total. Berdasarkan penelitian efisiensi tertinggi terdapat pada kolektor pemanas air yang dilengkapi PCM campuran parafin-mentega 20% sebesar 82,09%.
Pengaruh katalis zeolit alam pada pirolisis plastik polyethylene terephthalate dan polypropylene yudan priyo anggono; Nasrul Ilminnafik; Ahmad Adib Rosyadi; Gaguk Jatisukamto
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 13 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (108.436 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JEM.2020.v13.i01.p04

Abstract

Penggunaan plastik akan semakin meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah populasi penduduk dan meningkatnya perkembangan teknologi. Meningkatnya sampah plastik menjadi masalah besar bagi kehidupan dan ekosistem, Karena plastik sulit terurai di dalam tanah dan membutuhkan waktu yang lama untuk dapat terurai. Dengan adanya permasalahan tentang banyaknya sampah plastik yang sulit di uraikan maka dapat dilakukan dengan metode pirolisis, metode pirolisis adalah proses pemanasan sampah plastik dengan menggunakan sedikit oksigen atau tanpa oksigen di dalamnya. Untuk memperbaiki minyak hasil pirolisis maka ditambahkan katalis sebagai katalisator sehingga memperoleh hasil minyak pirolisis lebih baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan minyak PET (polyethylene terephthalate) dan PP (polypropylene), untuk membandingkan hasil pirolisis dari penggunaan katalis dan tidak menggunakan katalis terhadap viskositas minyak yang dihasilkan, serta pengaruh waktu pemanasan terhadap hasil volume minyak pirolisis. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan didapatkan hasil minyak terbanyak dengan bahan plastik PP dengan katalis 33 ml atau 8,46 %, PET katalis 23 ml atau 8,943 % dan minyak PP tanpa katalis 76 ml atau 19,26 %, PET tanpa katalis 65 ml atau 17,23%. The use of plastic will increase along with the increasing population and increasing technological development. Increased plastic waste is a big problem for life and ecosystems, because plastic is difficult to decompose in the soil and requires a long time to be decomposed. With the problem of the amount of plastic waste that is difficult to describe, it can be done with the pyrolysis method, the pyrolysis method is the process of heating plastic waste using little or no oxygen in it. To improve the pyrolysis oil, the catalyst is added as a catalyst to obtain better pyrolysis oil results. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PP (polypropylene) oils, to compare the results of pyrolysis from the use of catalysts and not use catalysts to the viscosity of the oil produced, as well as the effect of heating time on the results of the pyrolysis oil volume. The results of the research showed that most PP plastic catalyst oils were 33 ml or 8.46%, catalyst PET 23 ml or 8.943% and PP oil without catalyst 76 ml or 19.26%, PET without catalyst 65 ml or 17.23%.
ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS CACAT PRODUK KALENG TIPE TWO PIECE CANS 307 DI PT X DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SIX SIGMA Qoyinul Amin; Dedi Dwilaksana; Nasrul Ilminnafik
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 12 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (467.888 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JEM.2019.v12.i02.p01

Abstract

Pengendalian kualitas merupakan sebuah teknik yang dapat dilakukan mulai dari tahap sebelum proses produksi hingga proses produksi berakhir. Six sigma merupakan sebuah metodologi terstruktur untuk memperbaiki proses dengan menggunakan statistik dan problem solving tools secara intensif menuju target 3,4 kegagalan per satu juta kesempatan. PT. X bergerak di bidang industri pembuatan kaleng makanan dengan salah satu produknya adalah kaleng tipe two piece cans 307. Berdasarkan informasi perusahaan, pada proses produksi kaleng tipe tersebut seringkali ditemukan produk mengalami cacat yang merugikan perusahaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara yang tepat untuk meminimalkan cacat kaleng tipe tersebut dengan menggunakan metode six sigma. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa penyebab utama cacat adalah pekerja kurang teliti, setting clearence dies yang terlalu rapat, dies kemasukan afval, pisau press tumpul, bahan kotor dan rusak, perawatan mesin yang tidak dilakukan secara berkala, area produksi tidak rapi dan bising. Nilai DPMO sebesar 2844 yang dikonversikan kedalam sigma level yakni 4.27. Usulan perbaikan dengan Five-M Checklist meliputi memberikan pelatihan dan memperketat pengawasan kepada pekerja, melakukan setting mesin sesuai prosedur serta ubah clearence dies menjadi 0,24 mm, memperketat pemeriksaan bahan baku kaleng, melaksanakan perawatan mesin sesuai dengan jadwal yang telah ditentukan, menjaga kebersihan dan kerapian area produksi. Quality control is a technique that can be carried out from before the production process until the production process ends. Six sigma is a structured solution to process improvement using statistics and problem solving tools that intensively reach the target of 3.4 recovery per one million opportunities. PT. X is engaged in the industry of making cans with one of its products is a 307 two-piece can. Based on company information, in the production process, cans are found to find products that can save the company. This research was conducted to find out the right way to overcome this type of defect by using the six sigma method. The results of the study are known to be related to the fact that workers do not have meticulous, clear dead settings that are too tight, afval conceded dies, blunt press blades, dirty and damaged materials, machine maintenance that is not officially done, production area is not neat and noisy. The DPMO value is 2844 which is converted into sigma level which is 4.27. Proposed improvements with the Five-M Checklist provide training and tighten supervision to workers, make machine arrangements according to procedures and change clearly to 0.24 mm, tighten inspection of tin raw materials, manage engine maintenance according to agreed schedules, care about cleanliness and neatness production area.
Karakteristik Biodiesel dari Minyak Biji Randu (Ceiba Pentandra) dengan Proses Transesterifikasi Menggunkan Katalis NaoH Nofal Kharis; Hary Sutjahjono; Hari Arbiantara; Digdo Listyadi Setyawan; Nasrul Ilminnafik
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 12 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (109.499 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JEM.2019.v12.i01.p07

Abstract

Indonesia sangat berpotensi untuk produksi bahan bakar biodiesel yang berbahan nabati dengan keunggulan yaitu bisa diperbaharui. Banyak sumber bahan bakar alternatif yang mudah ditemukan di Indonesia untuk dijadikan bahan pembuatan biodiesel salah satunya biji randu. Pembuatan biodiesel dari bahan minyak biji randu yang diperoleh dengan cara biji randu dikeringkan terlebih dahulu kemudian biji dihancurkan dan haluskan menggunakan mesin penggiling, kemudian setelah biji halus hasil dari penggilingan dipress untuk mendapatkan minyaknya. Ektraksi biji kapuk menghasilkan 16-25 % ml minyak biji randu dari berat biji. Proses degumming dengan cara minyak ditimbang kemudian dipanaskan dengan suhu mencapai ±50 °C, Kemudian di tambahkan asam phospat sebanyak 0,1% dari berat minyak randu. Dengan suhu minyak dipertahankan selama 60 menit. Kemudian proses transesterifikasi dilakukan pencampuran larutan pada suhu 50 °C dengan lama pengadukan 90 menit, proses transesterifikasi menggunakan larutan metanol dan NaoH sebebagai katalis untuk menghasilkan metyl ester. Kemudian biodiesel diuji karakteristiknya dari pengujian menghasilkan nilai kalor 8641,473 kal/gram, densitas 8730 g/cm³, viskositas 6.815 cst, flash point 115 °C. Indonesia has the potential for the production of biodiesel fuels made from vegetables with many advantages, which can be renewed. There are many alternative fuel sources that are easily found in Indonesia to make biodiesel as one of the ingredients for seedling. The making of biodiesel from the ingredients of linseed oil obtained by means of litter seeds is dried first then the seeds are crushed and puree using a grinding machine, then after the fine seeds from the mill are pressed to get the oil. Extraction of kapok seeds produces 16-25% ml of seed oil from seed weight. The Degumming process by weighing the oil is then heated with temperatures reaching ± 50 ° C, then phosphate acid is added as much as 0.1% of the weight of the oil. With the oil temperature maintained for 60 minutes. Then the transesterification process was carried out by mixing the solution at 50 ° C with a stirring time of 90 minutes, the transesterification process using methanol and NaoH as a catalyst to produce metyl ester. Then the characteristics of the biodiesel tested from the test produced a heating value of 8641,473 cal / gram, density 8730 g / cm30, viscosity 6,815 cst, flash point 115 ° C.
Co-Authors Achmad Aminudin Achmad Rifqi In'Amullah Adhe Reza Firmansyah Adhika Widyaparaga Agus Triono Ahmad Adib Rosadi Ahmad Adib Rosyadi Ahmad Iqbal Fawaid Ahmad Syuhri Ahmad Zainuri Alfariz, Mohammad Rifqy Alfian Futuhul Hadi Alfons Erick Perkasa Alfons Erick Perkasa, Alfons Erick Alief Muhammad Aliyansyah, Berly Amirul Yahya Andi Sanata Andi Sanata Apip Amrullah Arifin, Moch Miftahul Aris Zainul Muttaqin As’adi GA, As’adi Asyhar, Muhammad Maulana As’adi GA Atlanta Iwananda Audiananti Meganandi Kartini Cahya Alief Prasetyo Cahyani, Elisna Tirta Danang Yudistiro Danang, Yudistiro Dani Hari Tunggal Prasetiyo Dedi Dwilaksana Deny Tomy Andrianto Deny tomy andrianto Digdo Listyadi, Digdo Dimas Endrawan, Putra Djoko Wahyudi Dony Perdana Dwi Djumhariyanto Faiz Firdausi Fiqih Muhammad Firdausah, Risco Eka Firdiansyah, Alfian Freitas, Domingos de Sousa Frenico A.O. Fx. Kristianta Gaguk Jatisukamto GAMMA ADITYA RAHARDI Haidzar Nurdiansyah Halimatus Sa'diyah Halimatus Sa’diyah Hari Arbiantara Hari Arbiantara Basuki Hari Tunggal Prasetiyo, Dani Hary Sutjahjono Hendry Y. Nanlohy Ibnu, Muhammad Khadafi Imam Rudi Sugara Imam Sholahuddin Indro Pranoto Intan Hardiatama Ivan Bagus Sanjaya Junus, Sallahudin Kristianta, Franciscus Xaverius Kristianta, Fransiscus Xaverius Kurniawan, Eva Kustanto Muh. Nurkoyim Kustanto, Muh. Nurkoyim Luh Putu Ratna Sundari Lukman Hakim Lukman Hakim M Fahrur Rozy, Hentihu M Katibi Vanhas M. Agung Fauzi M. Agung Fauzi, M. Agung M. Fahrur Rozy Hentihu M. Fathuddin Noor, M. Fathuddin M. Katibi Vanhas Mahros Darsin Masruri Wardhana Meganandi Kartini, Audiananti Misto Misto Moch. Rizal A. Y. Moch. Rizal A. Y., Moch. Mochamad Asrofi Mochamad Edoward Ramadhan Moh. Nurkoyim Moh. Nurkoyim Kustanto Mubiyn, Shidqi Nur Muh Nurkoyim Kustanto Muh Nurkoyim Kustanto Muh. Nurkoyim Kustanto Muh. Nurkoyim, Kustanto Muhammad Dimyati Nashrullah Muhammad Lutfi Azis Muhammad Trifiananto Nasrullah, Muhammad Nur Cahyo Hidayat Nofal Kharis Nofal Kharis Kharis Nugraha, Raafi Aditya Nur Cahyo Hidayat Nasrullah, Muhammad Nur Widodo Nurkoyim Kustanto, Muh Puji Kristianto Putra Dimas Endrawan Putra, Dimas Endrawan Qoyinul Amin Reynaldi Akbar Ali Rika Dwi Hidayatul Qoryah Rima Zidni Karimatan Nisa Rizal Mahmud Rizal Mahmud Robertoes Koekoeh K.W. Salahuddin Junus Santoso Mulyadi Setyo Pambudi Setyo Pambudi Solahuddin, Imam Sumarji Syahriza, Mochamad Rifki Syuhri, Skriptyan N.H. Syuhri, Skriptyan Noor Hidayatullah Tanu Alifuddin D. S Taqdissillah, Doohan Wibowo, Robertoes Koekoeh Koentjoro Widyaningrum Febriolita wigo ardi winarko Wisnu Kuncoro yudan priyo anggono Yuni Hermawan