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ETNOSIA : Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia
Published by Universitas Hasanuddin
ISSN : 25279313     EISSN : 25489747     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31947/etnosia.v9i1
Core Subject : Humanities, Education, Art, Social,
Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences
ETNOSIA : Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia (Etnosia) diterbitkan 2 kali setahun (Juni & Desember) dengan tujuan untuk mengembangkan ilmu antropologi sosial dan budaya di Indonesia. Redaksi mengandung para penulis untuk mengirimkan artikel yang termasuk dalam kriteria hasil penelitian etnografi pada kelimpok tertentu, hasil peneltiian terapan di bidang antropologi, teori/metodologi dalam ilmu antropologi atau ilmu-ilmu sosial lainnya, dan tinjuan buku terhadap buku teks antropologi atau ilmu sosial lainnya. Jurnal ini menggunakan system peer review dalam pemilihan naskah yang akan diterbitkan. Kriteria dari artikel yang dikirimkan mencakup jenis artikel berikut ini: Artikel ini menyajikan hasil penelitian etnografis / kualitatif dalam topik tertentu dan terkait dengan kelompok etnis / sosial di Indonesia; Artikel ini adalah diskusi yang terinci mengenai penelitian terapan dan kolaboratif dengan keterlibatan kuat antara penulis dan subjek kolaborator dalam menerapkan program intervensi atau inisiatif pembangunan lainnya yang menekankan pada isu-isu sosial, politik, dan budaya; Sebuah tulisan teoretis yang menguraikan teori sosial dan budaya yang terkait dengan wacana teoretis antropologi, terutama antropologi Indonesia; Terakhir, artikel tersebut merupakan tinjauan kritis terhadap referensi antropologi dan buku etnografi lainnya yang harus diterbitkan setidaknya dalam 3 tahun terakhir.
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Articles 193 Documents
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Negotiating the Sacred and the Profane: The Kase Nae Tiang Alif Ritual of the Makeang People Arlinah Arlinah; Safrudin Abd Rahman; Andi Sumar Karman
ETNOSIA : Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Hasanuddin University.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31947/etnosia.v10i2.47173

Abstract

Studies on local Islam in Indonesia have predominantly focused on Java and other major islands, leaving limited attention to the dynamics of Islamic practice in Eastern Indonesia. This article deals with a religious ritual of Makeang community by examining the Kase Nae Tiang Alif ritual as an expression of syncretic religiosity. The ritual, which is part of a mosque construction procession, merges sacred elements—such as prayers led by a hakim syara (Islamic judge)—with profane performances like the ronggeng togal dance. This ethnographic study was conducted in Ngofabobawa Village, Malifut District, North Maluku Province, between 2016 and 2019, employing participant observation and in-depth interviews with 23 informants of diverse backgrounds. The research findings show that the Kase Nae Tiang Alif ritual reflects the community’s negotiation between Islamic values, local cosmology, and ecological relationships. It serves not only as a religious act, but it also as a mechanism for communal solidarity and cultural continuity. The sacralization of the Tiang Alif (sacred pillar) demonstrates that local religiosity is rooted in symbolic practices that merge the divine and the material worlds. It is argued in this article that the ritual represents a space of negotiation between sacred and profane domains in the formation of local Islamic identity. This negotiation occurs through community participation, sensory expressions, and symbolic performances.
Melestarikan Budaya Jawa Melalui Media Digital: Studi Etnografi Virtual tentang Adaptasi Strategis Radio Puspa FM Zainal Abidin Achmad; Roziana Febrianita; Heidy Arviani
ETNOSIA : Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Hasanuddin University.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31947/etnosia.v10i2.44572

Abstract

As a station dedicated to preserving local Javanese culture, Puspa FM faces challenges in expanding its audience and increasing advertising revenue within a competitive media landscape. This study examines Radio Puspa FM's strategic adaptation in Pacitan, Indonesia, amid digital transformation and cultural commodification. Using a qualitative approach and virtual ethnography, researchers interacted with the station as listeners, community members, and contributors. Seven informants were purposively selected based on their active involvement in Puspa FM's management, cultural programming, and online listener communities. We triangulated in-depth interviews, participant observation, and a focus group discussion as our data collection methods. The findings reveal that Puspa FM utilizes digital platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube to extend its reach and attract advertisers, while participatory engagement sustains its cultural authenticity. It also shows that the station reconfigures its content and business model to enhance engagement and sustainability while maintaining its cultural mission. The study implies that integrating digital innovation with participatory values can serve as a practical model for local cultural media seeking to balance tradition, audience engagement, and financial resilience in the digital era.
Social Media Scams: A Netnography Investigation in Malaysia and Indonesia Anak Agung Gde Satia Utama; Erna Andajani; Aaiman Siddiqui; Khaslinda Akasyah Binti Mujin; Siti Rochmah Ika; Siow Xiu Yun; Parwita Setya Wardhani
ETNOSIA : Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Hasanuddin University.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31947/etnosia.v10i2.44227

Abstract

Online scams have become increasingly sophisticated across Southeast Asia, yet current studies primarily focus on single-platform fraud, specific scam types, or victim psychology in isolated contexts. Existing literature has examined romance scams, online investment fraud, digital labor scams, and general scam perceptions. However, few studies adopt a comparative Netnography approach across multiple social media platforms or explore the interconnectedness of scams with emerging issues such as human trafficking, particularly in Indonesia and Malaysia where scam incidents are rapidly escalating. This study fills this gap by providing a cross-country, multi-platform netnography investigation of scam techniques and victim responses. Using a non-participatory netnography approach, this research analyzed public interactions tagged with #scam and #scammeralert on Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube over a five-day period in 2024. The study examined scammer strategies and victim narratives drawn from scam-reporting communities and fraud-victim support groups. The findings identify four dominant scam types: (1) selling products at cheaper prices, (2) impersonation, (3) offering job with high salary, and (4) offering online part-time job.  The study also reveals three major victim responses: (1) shooting and uploading the fraud on social media, (2) creating fraud’s victim association, and (3) freezing of their bank account on priority basis. This research contributes new insights by demonstrating how digital platforms function as interconnected ecosystems of fraud, where multiple scam types operate simultaneously and victims mobilize collective counteractions. The study highlights the urgent need for enhanced digital literacy, cross-border enforcement, and integrated anti-scam policies in Indonesia and Malaysia.
Sacred Sounds in Transit: The Transformation of Indonesian Ritual Music as a Creative Economy Commodities Citra Aryandari
ETNOSIA : Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Hasanuddin University.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31947/etnosia.v10i2.45977

Abstract

This critical ethnographic study examines the Indonesian ritual music transformation into creative economy commodities, revealing complex negotiations between cultural preservation and market logic. Its primary contribution is a multi-actor governance model that reveals how Indonesian ritual music is strategically managed within a competitive ecosystem of power.  Through multi-sited fieldwork, this study examines how Indonesian ritual music is reconfigured for tourism, negotiating between spiritual authenticity and commercial viability. Employing a mixed-method approach that combines critical reanalysis of existing ethnographic documentation with targeted primary fieldwork, the study traces power dynamics underlying commodification processes through multi-temporal perspectives. The research engaged a diverse range of informants, including traditional practitioners, PINKAN officials, government representatives, and multi-general artist to ground this analysis. Intensive participant observation during UNESCO recognition processes was supplemented by validation fieldwork across all three sites to capture contemporary transformations. Findings reveal that ritual music's market transit generates stratified outcomes where local communities, state agencies, and global markets compete for definitional authority over cultural meaning. While creative economy initiatives provide economic incentives for cultural transmission, they simultaneously restructure traditional authority, privileging market-oriented aesthetics over cosmological meanings. Traditional leaders function as "ritual CEOs" managing bifurcated musical practices, aristocratic families rebrand ancestral ceremonies as exclusive tourism products, while practitioners navigate UNESCO standardization processes that potentially rigidify living traditions. The research demonstrates that commodification operates through nuanced community strategies maintaining ritual integrity while engaging market opportunities, including "contextual competence" and subversive tactics redirecting revenues toward non-commercial ritual activities. However, technological mediation creates "sonic schizophrenia" where recorded versions exist independently from spatially embedded practices, potentially disconnecting techniques from cosmological foundations. These findings contribute to ethnomusicological understanding by challenging preservation versus commercialization binaries and demonstrating adaptive strategies for cultural sustainability. The study advocates for equitable models centering community agency while preserving cosmological foundations essential to ritual music's cultural vitality.
Cultural Convergence: The Isnfluence of Indian Traditions on Birth Traditions in Aceh Yuni Saputri; Heri Fajri; Widia Munira; Rizka Purnama Sari; Elora Tribedy
ETNOSIA : Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Hasanuddin University.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31947/etnosia.v10i2.46820

Abstract

Studies of Acehnese culture have predominantly focused on Islamic traditions, leaving pre-Islamic heritage particularly the Hindu-Buddhist influence introduced from India largely unexplored. As a central ritual in society marking the beginning of life, birth traditions in Aceh form a cultural genetic system that incorporates Indian, Islamic, and local elements at various level. This study seeks to explore the extent and ratio of Indian cultural influence in Acehnese birth traditions, especially in the context of a society now largely shaped by Islamic values. The study used qualitative ethnographic method based on Spradley’s theoretical framework, with data collected through participant observation and interview. The findings reveal that Indian influence remains evident in the symbols and rituals associated with birth traditions in Aceh, which encompass processions such as Khanduri, Peusijeuk, Intat Bu/Me Bu, Tanom Adoe, and Peutreun Aneuk. More complexly, the Peusijeuk tradition, which involves the use of water and leaves as ritual objects and signifies the aspiration for blessings, is demonstrably a Hindu influence that has since undergone Islamic syncretism, evidenced by the inclusion of Islamic prayers during the ritual. These findings highlight the complex and ongoing nature of cultural assimilation in Aceh, where Indian and Islamic influences coexist within the local cultural framework.
Exploring Ethical Cosmopolitanism Through Tongkonan Symbolism: A Hermeneutic Perspective on the Toraja Community Oktoviandy Oktoviandy; Lobby Loekmono; Izak YM. Lattu; Suwarto Suwarto
ETNOSIA : Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Hasanuddin University.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31947/etnosia.v10i2.47814

Abstract

Previous studies have often regarded the tongkonan solely as a traditional, primordial symbol tied exclusively to Toraja culture. This article challenges that view by exploring the broader, transnational ethical dimensions of the tongkonan symbolism, which have not been fully addressed in existing literature. This research aims to empirically examine the relationship between individual subjects, the Toraja community, and other global communities, integrating these findings into a holistic, cosmopolitan perspective. Adopting a qualitative approach with a hermeneutic framework, this study analyzes the tongkonan as a cultural text through the lenses of symbol theory and ethical cosmopolitanism. Six informants participated in the study, consisting of two customary leaders, a church official, a religious leader, an educational practitioner, and a tongkonan carver. Data were collected through unstructured interview and observation. The research findings demonstrate that the symbolism of the tongkonan, understood as a representation of the microcosm, aligns with the principles of ethical cosmopolitanism, particularly in terms of cosmic brotherhood or fraternity. The Toraja people, through their symbolic use of the tongkonan, have historically positioned themselves as cosmopolitans or world citizens. The tongkonan embodies an ideal type of human being—one who is guided by solidarity and a sense of responsibility towards the liyan (fellow beings), thus reflecting a cosmopolitan personality. These results confirm the congruence between the symbolic meaning of the tongkonan and the tenets of ethical cosmopolitanism, indicating that the Torajan people have embraced their identity as global citizens, ethically connected across transnational scales.
Between Public Morality and Online Judgment: Cancel Culture in Indonesian Muslim Digital Spaces Nadia Nurfitria; Muhammad Soleh; Rahmat Pamungkas
ETNOSIA : Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Hasanuddin University.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31947/etnosia.v11i1.47369

Abstract

The rise of cancel culture on social media has transformed the way public accountability, moral judgment, and religious authority are negotiated in contemporary Muslim societies. While existing studies largely examine cancel culture from the perspectives of digital communication or Western social movements, little attention has been given to how this phenomenon operates within Muslim-majority contexts and religiously sensitive issues. This article investigates the dynamics of cancel culture among Indonesian Muslims through two prominent cases: the blasphemy controversy involving Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (Ahok) and the public backlash against the Lombok cleric Tuan Guru Mizan Qudsiyah. Using a qualitative approach and digital ethnography, the study analyzes social media conversations on X (formerly Twitter) and public attention patterns through Google Trends to examine how digital activism mobilizes collective reactions. The findings show that cancel culture in Indonesian Muslim digital spaces functions as a form of moral policing driven by religious identity, collective solidarity, and emotional mobilization. Social media enables rapid amplification of public outrage through hashtags, online campaigns, and digital narratives that shape public opinion and influence offline actions. However, this process also contributes to social polarization, stigmatization, and the reinforcement of negative global perceptions of Indonesian Muslims. By examining cancel culture through the intersection of digital activism, religious identity, and Muslim public discourse, this study contributes to emerging scholarship in digital religion and Islamic digital humanities.
Netnographic Insights into Public Perception of Koperasi Desa Merah Putih (KDMP) Policy on TikTok Fahrudin Pasolo; Muhammad Ridhwansyah Pasolo
ETNOSIA : Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Hasanuddin University.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31947/etnosia.v11i1.47846

Abstract

Public trust in village cooperative policies is often shaped by concerns over corruption, nepotism, weak oversight, and unequal access to public resources. However, little is known about how citizens express and negotiate these concerns in short-form social media spaces such as TikTok. This article examines how TikTok users construct accountability judgments toward Indonesia’s Koperasi Desa Merah Putih (KDMP) policy. Using a qualitative netnographic approach, the study analyzes public comments on a highly viewed TikTok video posted by the verified Lingkarnews account. Of 15,500 comments, 14,782 were collected, and 10,068 meaningful comments were manually coded through open and axial coding. The analysis identified four main thematic clusters: integrity and governance, financing design, public response, and social risks. The findings show that public skepticism was the dominant response, followed by conditional support. Corruption, nepotism, loan interest, online loans, public oversight, village funds, audits, and online gambling emerged as key concerns shaping public evaluation of KDMP. These findings indicate that KDMP is judged not only by its developmental objectives but also by perceived fairness, transparency, and vulnerability to misuse. The study contributes a netnographic account of TikTok as a participatory accountability space where citizens collectively evaluate the legitimacy of rural cooperative reform through a moral economy of accountability.
The Resistance of the Warga Desa Adat to the Reclamation of Benoa Bay, Bali I Made Anom Wiranata; Kadek Dwita Apriani; Putu Ratih Kumala Dewi
ETNOSIA : Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Hasanuddin University.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31947/etnosia.v11i1.48474

Abstract

Reclamation is not inherently problematic and can yield positive results when well-planned, compliant with environmental standards, and mindful of social impacts. However, many reclamation projects have caused problems and sparked public protest. While most studies on reclamation plan typically examine social movements as a collective entity, this study explores the individual reasons for engagement through the lens of the actors subjective lived experiences in regard to social resistance  against reclamation plan of Benoa Bay. The long movement to reject the plan (2013-2019) depicts the struggle of the Balinese people to uplift their traditional existence in the modern day. Using phenomenological qualitative approach, this study was conducted in Tanjung Benoa Traditional Village. Data collection was based on the narratives produced by series of long and frequent interviews with five main actors of the resistance, consisting of a local fisherman, two youth leaders, a traditional leader, and a hamlet head.  This study indicates that the actors defend their subjective significance of the Benoa Bay in various claims and stories which significantly becomes the driving force of their personal engagement of rejection. The public contest against reclamation was related more to people’s cultural belief and social-environmental solidarity with each other than to political-economic interests.  The Balinese rejection as a whole is not a single movement that is well-organised. The social resistance against the plan of reclamation, in the context of Balinese people, consists of multiple layers of the individual and existential motivations and beliefs. The Balinese beliefs not only sophisticatedly display the local religion, but also the existential struggle of the adat villagers against the onslaught of capitalism that offers modern progress. Myth and modern science are not only competing, but also intertwining. The conceptualisation of the resistance varies in terms of individual engagement.
Economic Dynamics of Javanese Transmigrant Rubber Farmers in Sumber Rahayu, 1982–2011 Ageng Shagena; Habib Riziq Siregar; Ririn Darini; Syafruddin Yusuf; Dedi Irwanto
ETNOSIA : Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Hasanuddin University.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31947/etnosia.v11i1.48477

Abstract

In many transmigration areas, plantation commodities play a central role in shaping local economic structures. Most previous studies tend to focus on general socio-economic transformations or policy impacts, but rarely adopt a longitudinal or historical perspective that captures changes across extended periods of time. This study fills this gap. The study focuses on how transmigrant communities adapted their livelihood strategies and developed a rubber-based rural economy. Using historical and commodity-based approach, this study was conducted in Sumber Rahayu Village, Rambang District, Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra, during 1982–2011. Data was collected through interviews with first-generation transmigrants, local community leaders, cooperative managers, and village officials, complemented by observation and document analysis, including transmigration records and village archives. The findings show that the initial phase of transmigration was marked by the failure of food-crop agriculture due to unsuitable environmental conditions, limited agricultural knowledge, and pest disturbances. These challenges encouraged transmigrant households to shift toward rubber cultivation, which was more compatible with local conditions and offered greater economic opportunities. The development of rubber plantations was further strengthened by the establishment of KUD Panca Mulya, which improved market access and price transparency. Although the rubber economy contributed to higher household welfare and infrastructure development, it also created vulnerabilities related to land ownership inequality, high production costs, and dependence on fluctuating commodity prices. It is argued in this article that transmigration was not merely a population redistribution program, but an adaptive socio-economic process that transformed frontier land into a commodity-based rural economy.

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