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International Journal of Applied Biology
Published by Universitas Hasanuddin
ISSN : 25802410     EISSN : 25802119     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Energy Environmental Science
International Journal of Applied Biology is an international, peer reviewed journal, publishing high-quality research. International Journal of Applied Biology only publishes manuscripts in English. Please see the journal's Focus & Scope for information about its Scope and peer-review policy. International Journal of Applied Biology is available in print and online version.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 168 Documents
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Cutibacterium species: An Underestimated Pathogen in Chronic Infections: Cuibacterium infection in chronic infection Sharma, Bhawna; Upadhyaya, Gargi
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

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Abstract

Cutibacterium speciesis a member of the skin micro biota, found predominantly in regions rich in sebaceous glands, involved in various chronic infections that led to its emergence as an opportunistic pathogen. The present study is a retrospective study to determine the prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Cutibacterium species recovered from chronic infections over a period of 4.5 years. The identification of the colonies grew on the Robertson’s Cooked Meat media plate was done using VITEK 2. The antibiotic sensitivity tests were put by pour plate method using Epsilometer strips (E-strip).Out of 400, 17.75% (n=71) were confirmed as anaerobic bacteria by VITEK 2. Out of 71 positive anaerobic organisms, 21% (n=15/71) were confirmed as Cutibacteriumspecies.Cutibacterium species recorded prevalenceof 3.75% (15/400) among clinical specimens. High sensitivity was observed with beta lactam group of drugs whereas metronidazole drug was found ineffective against Cutibacteriumspecies. Due to prolonged culture time for anaerobic bacteria there is a high need in new diagnostic methods. In the recent times Cutibacterium species has been reported from various clinical samples which depicts shift of Cutibacterium species as a potential pathogen in the upcoming time.
Compatibility study of Trichoderma sp. with Chemical Fungicides Commonly Used by Nepalese Farmers, Under In-Vitro Condition Poudel, Sudeep; Pun, Lok Bahadur; Paudel, Rajan; Pokharel, Sadikshya; Khanal, Pratit
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

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Abstract

The excessive use of synthetic fungicides has led to the emergence offungicide-resistant strains of pathogens, raising concerns about human health andenvironmental impact. Trichoderma spp., an endophytic and versatileopportunistic plant symbiont, has recently gained popularity as a biocontrolagent. Integrated use of Trichoderma with compatible fungicides gives betterdisease management and causes less harm to the environment in the long run.This study aimed to evaluate the compatibility of six fungicides commonly used byNepalese farmers at concentrations of 250, 500, and 1000 ppm with Trichodermasp. using the poisoned food technique in-vitro. The experiment was conducted ina completely randomized design with four replications for each treatment, anddata were taken at 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 hours after incubation. Among thefungicides tested, Mancozeb was compatible at all concentrations from the startand exhibited the highest compatibility at 72 hours, with a growth inhibitionpercent of 0.39%. Metalaxyl+Mancozeb at 250 and 500 ppm, and Copperoxychloride at 250 ppm showed good compatibility. However, Carbendazim,Hexaconazole, and Carbendazim+Mancozeb resulted in 100% growth inhibition ofTrichoderma sp. throughout the experiment. While all treatments significantlyreduced mycelial diameter, Mancozeb and Metalaxyl+Mancozeb showed agradual decrease in growth inhibition percent over time, indicating increasedcompatibility. In contrast, Copper oxychloride demonstrated variable growthinhibition percent over time. So, the fungicides Mancozeb, Metalaxyl+Mancozeband Copper oxychloride at compatible concentrations can be used withTrichoderma sp. in integrated disease management to control soil and seed-bornepathogens.
Optimization and Characterization of Exo-β-Glucanase Produced by Aspergillus flavus on Rice Bran and Oil Palm Fibre: Exo-β-Glucanase produced by Aspergillus flavus on Rice Bran and Oil Palm Fibre Doughari, James Hamuel; Onuoha, Chikezie Chukwunonye
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

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Abstract

Glucanases are important industrial enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of glucan into oligosaccharides. Commercial β-glucanases are produced from microorganisms such as Penicillium chrysogenum, Aspergillus flavus, Pseudomonas fluorescens etc. The increasing application of glucanases in various industries has called for continuous search for a cheaper means of glucanase production. In this study, β-Glucanases were produced from Aspergillus flavus isolated from rice and oil mill refuse dump sites using rice bran and oil palm fibre as substrates. Production was carried out in a submerge fermentation. Optimum activities of crude Aspergillus flavus exo-β-glucanases were 2.36 and 2.34 µmol/ml/min at incubation period of 96 hours (rice bran) and 120 hours (oil palm fibre) respectively; 2.42 and 2.54 µmol/ml/min at pH 6.5 (rice bran) and 5.0 (oil palm fibre) respectively; 2.61 and 2.55 µmol/ml/min at temperature of 35 °C (rice bran) and 40 °C (oil palm fibre) respectively. Yeast extract gave the highest enzyme activity of 2.31 µmol/ml/min. The enzymes were precipitated with 80% ammonium sulphate resulting in 1.18 (rice bran) and 1.15 (oil palm fibre) purification fold. With dialysis tubing, results showed 1.50 (rice bran), 2.50 (oil palm fibre) purification fold. The addition of chloride salts and inhibitors influenced the enzyme activities by either increasing or decreasing the activity values. Results obtained from this work indicate that rice bran and oil palm fibre can be used effectively in the production of exo-β-glucanase under submerged fermentation system using Aspergillus flavus.
Utilization of Tasikmadu Starfruit Waste Compost for The Growth and Yield of Purple Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) In Supporting Sustainable Agriculture Sumiasih, Inanpi Hidayati; Fauzi, Ahmad Rifqi; Sumarno, Indra
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

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Abstract

Based on the literature study, the demand for eggplant in East Java is increasing, encouraging farmers to increase productivity by using chemical fertilizer. In the long term, this practice could harm the environment. This study was conducted to obtain the right method and dosage of compost made from starfruit waste for the growth and yield of eggplant. The study was designed using a Factorial Randomized Block Design. The first factor was organic fertilizer with 5 levels, namely: Soil + goat manure 1:1, Soil + compost from composter 1:1; Soil + compost from bio-pore1:1; Soil + goat manure + compost from composter 1:1:1, and Soil + goat manure + compost from bio-pore 1:1:1. The second factor was NPK fertilizer with 4 levels, namely: 0 gram/liter, 1 gram/liter; 2 gram/ liter; dan 3 gram/liter. There were three replications for each treatment. The results showed that the best organic fertilizer was a combination of manure and compost, from composter and bio-pore, which had the highest result for plant height, number of leaves, biomass increase, and the number of eggplant fruits. The best concentration of NPK fertilizer for eggplant growth and physiology was 3 grams per liter.
Case Study of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) Monitoring in Tropical Mangrove Estuaries : A Mini Review Yurimoto, Tasuya; Chaweepak, Tidaporn; Sangrungruang, Koolvara
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

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Abstract

In recent years, the incidence of toxic plankton and bivalve poisoning that causes paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) has increased in Southeast Asian countries. Thailand is one of the most active bivalve aquaculture fisheries and needs to be prepared for this problem in the future. In this paper, we introduce a case of monitoring efforts on the Chanthaburi coast near the Cambodian border, where experimental PSP monitoring was conducted in water from 2013 to 2016, and a suitable monitoring system was considered in the region. As a result, we concluded that it is unlikely that the PSP problem will soon become serious in the region. However, in the surrounding waters, we must be aware of some invasive issues that may involve toxic plankton and cysts, such as ballast tank water from large vessels and transplantation of bivalves introduced from outside for aquaculture. Even if the waters are safe, PSP monitoring should continue on a small scale and at a low cost for an extended period.
Effect of Local Lactic Acid Bacterial Isolates as Probiol for Microbiota Population Balance of Fish Intestine Fawzia Jassim Shalsh; Iman Sabea Khamees; Nagha Abdul Alrazzag; Imad Ibrahim Ali Al-sultan
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the cell surface hydrophobicity of four Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains isolated from various traditional and industry fermented yogurt and cheese sources based on the biochemical tests. The determining cell surface hydrophobicity is a critical step in selecting LAB strains with probiotic qualities and is one of the most essential elements regulating LAB's particular adherence to abiotic surfaces, as well as one of the most critical factors controlling LAB's absorption and destruction of hydrophobic organic matter. In current study, the four LAB strains had high cell surface hydrophobicity to the four separate hydrocarbon solvents xylene, hexadecane, chloroform, ethyl acetate determined via spectrophotometer at 450 nm. The highest hydrophobicity score was determined for LB3 for chloroform, n- hexadecane, ethyl acetate and xylene at 66.51, 38.23, 33.67 and 24.18% respectively. LB3 demonstrated promising cell surface characteristics, suggesting that it could be used as an indigenous probiotic.
Analysis of Quality Status and Prediction of the Distribution of Temperature, DO, pH, Salinity, and Brightness of Sea Water in the Saugi Island Area Based on Spatial Inverse Distance Weighting Nasrul, Nasrul; Qaiyimah, Dinil; Nurfadilah, Nurfadilah; Haris, Haris; Amdah, Misdar; Mulianti, Mulianti; Hidayah, Nurul
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

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Abstract

Marine waters are crucial for maintaining marine ecosystems and achieving sustainable environmental sustainability. This research aims to analyze the quality status and predict the distribution of temperature, brightness, salinity, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations as indicators for assessing marine water quality. The study employs descriptive statistics to process laboratory test results and field measurements of the tested parameters. Marine water quality status is determined by calculating the percentage of limiting parameters and establishing maximum and minimum values for each parameter as benchmarks. The prediction of concentration distribution for temperature, brightness, salinity, pH, and DO is carried out using Spatial Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) analysis, which illustrates the concentration distribution of each parameter based on data input in ArcGIS Pro software. The findings reveal varying quality statuses at different sampling points, with good conditions at points 4 and 5, where limiting parameter percentages are 22%. Medium quality status is observed at points 2 and 7 (33%) and points 3 and 6 (44%). Poor conditions are noted at points 1 and 8, with a 55% limiting parameter percentage. The study recommends this research as a valuable reference for the community and government to support marine ecosystem preservation and Sustainable marine ecosystem.
Effect of Variation in Concentration of SCOBY Kombucha Gel Citrus Peel Extract (Citrus nobilis) on Wound Incision (Vulnus Scissum) in Mice (Mus musculus) Shofiyya, Ainina Neihayatus; Eva Agustina; Funsu Andiarna; Irul Hidayati; Risa Purnamasari
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

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Abstract

A laceration wound is damage to the skin tissue characterized by a neat outline of the wound edge, due to slices by sharp instruments or incisions during surgery. This study aims to evaluate the effect of variations in the concentration of SCOBY Kombucha gel preparations of orange peel extract (Citrus nobilis) on wound healing (Vulnus Scissum) in mice (Mus musculus). SCOBY Kombucha gel was made with six concentration variations (0%, 2%, 4%, 8%, 10%, and 12%) and tested for its effectiveness in accelerating wound healing. The research method involved making incision wounds on male mice, followed by applying the gel according to the specified concentrations. The results showed that SCOBY Kombucha gel with a concentration of 12% was most effective in accelerating wound healing, approaching the effectiveness of the positive control (bioplacenton). Analysis showed that the increase in gel concentration was directly proportional to the effectiveness of wound healing, where higher concentration gels showed significantly faster wound closure.

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