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Determination of Aflatoxin Levels in Cereals and Leguminous Grains Selected Cereals and Leguminous Grains Retailed in Wukari, Taraba State Chinonso, Anih David; Kayode, Arowora; Umaru, Isaac John; Chinedu, Imo; Ale, Ebenezer Morayo; Oladele, Gloria Omonefe
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3689

Aflatoxins are group of secondary fungal metabolites produced by Aspergillus species, such as Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. The aflatoxin producing moulds can grow on cereals and legumes in the field, poorly dried harvested crops in storage, processed food, and feed products. The study was carried out with the aim to determine the level of aflatoxin contamination of cereals grain and legumes retailed in Wukari, Taraba State Nigeria. A total Sixty-three (63) samples were procured from different vendors from the markets namely, new and old markets in Wukari and Dorowa Market, which comprises of 3 samples each of millet, maize, rice, groundnut, sesame seeds and soy beans. The samples were grounded and extracted with 80% (v/v) methanol. The enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique was used in quantifying the total aflatoxin content of the samples. The results revealed that there were no significant differences in the aflatoxin levels of shelled melon seeds while there was a significant difference in shelled groundnut, soybeans and millet samples purchased from all the markets. Aflatoxin levels in cereals and legumes retailed in Wukari, Taraba State ranged from 0.57-1.17µg/kg in shelled groundnut samples, 0.47-2.27µg/kg in shelled melon samples, 1.53-3.17µg/kg in sesame seed samples, 0.10-0.20µg/kg in soybean samples, 3.11-13.10µg/kg in maize samples, 6.13-15.4µg/kg in millet samples, and 0.471.0µg/kg in parboiled rice samples. the levels of aflatoxin in the samples which was observed to be highest in millet sample procured from Dorowa market with a value of 15.43±0.15% and lowest in soy bean bean sample procured from Dorowa and New market Wukari with a value of 0.10±0.00%. These aflatoxin levels were within the permissible limits for total aflatoxins recommended by FDA and NAFDAC for all products intended for food, hence these cereals and legumes analysed in this study are safe for human consumption.

Effects of Brassica oleraceae Leaves on Serum Liver Function of Wistar Rats Intoxicated with Prednisolone Amen, Ananias; Yusufu, Dawoye; Oladele, Gloria Omonefe; Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3692

The recent study investigated the effects of ethanol extract of Brassica oleracaeae leaves on prednisolone induced toxicity in male albino rats. Liver markers were assayed in order to investigate the toxic effect of prednisolone and the ameliorating effects of the extract. Sixteen (16) rats grouped in to four (n=4) were administered prednisolone and ethanol leaves extract based on the experimental design. The male albino rats were sacrificed after the experimental period of fourteen (14) days, blood was collected for assay of the liver function by ocular puncture. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were significantly (p<0.05) increased from 5.67 ± 5.13 and 6.67 ±7.02 to 26.67 ± 8.02 and 25.00 ± 4.00 respectively when rats where administered with prednisolone toxicity. Upon treatment of rats with ethanol leaves extract of B. oleraceae at 100mg/kg, the concentration of AST and ALT were lowered to 7.67 ± 6.81 and 8.00 ± 7.55 respectively. A further increased in the concentration of the extract to 300mg/kg resulted to a significant (p<0.05) increased of AST (9.33 ± 8.12) and ALT (12.00 ± 10.00) levels. Similarly, the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Albumin increases in the group that were administered with prednisolone however, when rats were treated with ethanol leaves extract of Brassica oleracaeae such concentrations were decreased. The findings of this study can be concluded that, the ethanol leaves extract of Brassica oleracaeae showed capacity in ameliorating the effects induced by prednisolone intoxication.

Isolation and Identification of Phenol Degrading Bacteria in Refuse Dumping Site Muhammad, Muhammad Bashir; Aisami, Abubakar; Dauda, Maianguwa Abdulrashid; Adeseye, Abdullahi Sa’adu; Umaru, Isaac John; Oluwabunmi, Helen; Habibu, Bilyaminu; Oladele, Gloria Omonefe
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3686

Phenol is a harmful compound found in soil, and its removal is crucial for human health. Phenol or hydroxybenzene, is both a synthetically and naturally produced aromatic compound. Microorganisms capable of degrading phenol are common and include both aerobes and anaerobes. In this study, researchers collected soil samples from INEX refuse dumping site along Bajoga road of kwami, Gombe state, and determined the abundance of heterotrophic and degradation bacteria using serial dilution and most probable number (MPN) methods. This experimental research study was carried out in order to isolate and identify phenol-degrading bacteria in polluted soil, the effect of concentration and pH was analysed during the procedure. Bacteria was isolated from contaminated soil and sub-cultured in a Mineral-salt media which was prepared with phenol added as the only carbon source needed for the bacterial growth, The bacterial isolate was identified as Escherichia coli a gram-negative bacteria. The favourable concentration and pH required for the growth of the bacteria was determined as 200mg/L and pH 7 respectively. These findings have significance in bioremediation for employing suitable bacteria in suitable condition for solving environmental pollution crises.

Isolation and Identification of Phenol Degrading Bacteria in Refuse Dumping Site Muhammad, Muhammad Bashir; Aisami, Abubakar; Dauda, Maianguwa Abdulrashid; Adeseye, Abdullahi Sa’adu; Umaru, Isaac John; Oluwabunmi, Helen; Habibu, Bilyaminu; Oladele, Gloria Omonefe
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3686

Phenol is a harmful compound found in soil, and its removal is crucial for human health. Phenol or hydroxybenzene, is both a synthetically and naturally produced aromatic compound. Microorganisms capable of degrading phenol are common and include both aerobes and anaerobes. In this study, researchers collected soil samples from INEX refuse dumping site along Bajoga road of kwami, Gombe state, and determined the abundance of heterotrophic and degradation bacteria using serial dilution and most probable number (MPN) methods. This experimental research study was carried out in order to isolate and identify phenol-degrading bacteria in polluted soil, the effect of concentration and pH was analysed during the procedure. Bacteria was isolated from contaminated soil and sub-cultured in a Mineral-salt media which was prepared with phenol added as the only carbon source needed for the bacterial growth, The bacterial isolate was identified as Escherichia coli a gram-negative bacteria. The favourable concentration and pH required for the growth of the bacteria was determined as 200mg/L and pH 7 respectively. These findings have significance in bioremediation for employing suitable bacteria in suitable condition for solving environmental pollution crises.

Burnout as a Predictor of Quality of Life Among the Federal Road Safety Corps Employees in Benue State Sector Command Zakariah, Danladi; Akafa, Vika Tensaba; Akafa, Tensaba Andes; Oladele, Gloria Omonefe; Iseko, Kingsley Iyoko; David, Izam Emmanuel; Ujah, Oche Williams
Kwaghe International Journal of Arts, Humanities and Religious Studies Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Arts, Humanities and Religious Studies
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijahrs.v1i1.3983

This study investigated the relationship between burnout and quality of life among the Federal Road Safety Corps Employees in Benue State Sector Command. The study employed cross sectional and expost facto design where 200 participants consisting of 161 (80.5%) males, 37 (18.5%) females and 2 (1.0%) did not indicate their sex. Their ages ranged from 21-60 years with means age of 35.55 (SD=7.21). Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL) were used for data collection using Multistage, Stratified random and systematic sampling techniques. Statistical analysis involved the use of multiple regressions. Findings indicated that, there was a significant negative relationship between burnout and quality of life among the Federal Road Safety Corps Employees in Benue State Sector Command. The result of the finding reviewed that there was a significant negative relationship between burnout and the overall quality of life among the Federal Road Safety Corps employees in Benue State Command [R=.562, R2=.316, F (3,178)=27.376, p<.001]. This implies that burnout accounted for 31.6% of the total variance observed in quality of life among the Federal Road Safety Corps employees in Benue State Sector Command. The result of the study also showed the individual contributions of the various dimensions of burnout to overall quality of life which indicated that emotional exhaustion made the highest significant negative contribution (β=-.414, t=-5.180, p<.001) followed by depersonalization (β=-.235, t=-3.081, p<.01) while personal accomplishment made no significant contribution to the model (β=.027, t=.355, p>.05) respectively. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended that conscious efforts should be made to enhance quality of life among the Federal Road Safety Corps Employees through reduction of burnout stress inherent in the work place among the Federal Road Safety Corps Employees in Benue State Sector Command and Nigeria at large.

From Perception to Effect of Oil Spillage Among Fishermen in the Niger Delta Region of Bayelsa State, Nigeria Akafa, Tensaba Andes; Asare, Solomon Ossom; Dennis, Adobeni Emmanuel; Konka, Daniel; Ametsi, Smile Kobina; Tahidu, Issifu; Oladele, Gloria Omonefe
Kwaghe International Journal of Arts, Humanities and Religious Studies Vol 2 No 2 (2025): Kwaghe International Journal of Arts, Humanities and Religious Studies
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijahrs.v2i2.6064

Oil spillage continues to pose a significant environmental threat in Nigeria’s Niger Delta, leading to ecological degradation, disruption of livelihoods, and socio-political instability. This study investigates the perceptions and impacts of oil spillage among fishermen in the Biseni community of Bayelsa State. Utilizing a descriptive cross-sectional design, data were collected from 358 respondents selected through systematic random sampling. A semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was employed, and responses were analyzed using SPSS version 16. The results show that 94.4% of respondents identified pipeline corrosion from soil-related factors as a major cause of oil spillage. Other commonly perceived causes included sabotage by surveillance contractors (86.3%), pipeline vandalism (85.2%), and unemployment (84.1%). Water pollution was identified by 98.0% of respondents as the most severe environmental consequence, particularly affecting aquatic life. Health impacts were also substantial, with 96.9% reporting adverse effects, skin rashes being the most frequently cited (32.0%). Economically, 95.5% of respondents reported reduced income due to declining fish yields. Broader socio-economic impacts included perceived links to unemployment (91.9%), increased kidnapping (79.6%), lack of compensation (80.4%), displacement (35.8%), and the need to purchase drinking water (70.4%). The study concludes that repeated oil spillage and unregulated exploitation have caused significant environmental and socio-economic harm in the Biseni community. The lack of effective compensation mechanisms intensifies local grievances and underscores the urgent need for sustainable environmental governance and enhanced corporate accountability in oil-producing areas.

Public Knowledge, Attitude And Acceptability of COVID-19 Vaccine among Traders in Wuse Market Abuja: A Cross-Sectional Study Akafa, Tensaba Andes; Oladele, Gloria Omonefe; Iseko, Kingsley Iyoko; Akafa, Vika Tensaba; David, Izam Emmanuel; Ujah, Oche Williams; John, Tongle Nanle; Nanmar, Chakfa; Tyem, Lawal Danjuma; Umaru, Isaac John
African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v1i1.3976

The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on public health has been unpleasant. Vaccination is a critical measure to decrease COVID-19 economic loss and public health burden. This is very helpful to control the COVID-19 pandemic. The process of halting COVID-19 solely depends on population uptake of the vaccination process and the adoption of non-pharmacological measures. This in turn relies on the public willingness to get vaccinated. The public acceptability of this vaccination is further determined by the level of knowledge and trust in currently available COVID-19 vaccines. Therefore, this paper aims to discuss the findings of public knowledge, attitude, and acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines among traders in Wuse Market Abuja. A cross-sectional study was conducted among different traders in the Abuja Wuse Market to assess their knowledge, attitude and level of acceptability toward COVID-19 vaccinations using a self-administered survey questionnaire with the following four sections; socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge assessment questions, attitude assessment, and acceptability questions. A total of 166 participants completed the questionnaire. The knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccinations among the study participants was high with 143(86%) respondents stating that they knew about COVID-19 vaccinations. Among the traders that participated, 74(44.36%) believed that vaccines are safe and 109 (66.02%) agreed that vaccines are critical to protect the public from COVID-19 infection. But only, 45 (27.4%) accept to receive the vaccine. Participants’ attitudes, knowledge, and level of acceptability were significantly affected by age, gender, education level, and marital status (P <0.001). Our findings suggest that there is good knowledge and attitude toward the vaccination process against COVID-19 among study participants in spite of low acceptability. Awareness campaigns are therefore necessary to disseminate reliable knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines and demystify the COVID-19 conspiracy theory in order to raise the level of vaccination acceptance.

Influence of Emotional Intelligence on the Mental Health of the Federal Road Safety Corps Personnel in Benue State Sector Command Zakariah, Danladi; Ihaji, Elvis O.; Akafa, Tensaba Andes; Akafa, Vika Tensaba; Iseko, Kingsley Iyoko; Oladele, Gloria Omonefe
African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v1i1.3977

This study examined Emotional Intelligence on the Mental Health of the Federal Road Safety Corps Personnel in Benue State Sector Command. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design in which 232 Federal Road Safety Corps Personnel whose ages ranged from 20 – 58 years (Mean age=36.30, SD=8.34), comprising 169(72.8%) males and 63(27.2%) females who served as participants for the study. Emotional intelligence Scale and Mental Health Inventory scale were used in data collection. The result of the finding shows that, there was a significant positive influence of emotional intelligence on mental health of Federal Road Safety Corps Personnel in Benue State Sector Command [R=.436, R2=.190, F (5,227) =3.627, p<.01]. The result also indicated that, emotional intelligence and its dimensions explained 19.0% of the variance observed in mental health among the participants. This means that, Federal Road Safety Personnel with high levels of emotional intelligence are likely to have good mental health, and the extent to which emotional intelligence explains mental health of Federal Road Safety Corps Personnel in Benue State Sector Command is 19.0%, and based on this finding, the second hypothesis was confirmed. Independently, findings revealed that, social skills made the highest significant contribution (β=.299, t=2.988, p<.05), followed by motivation (β=.223, t=2.588, p<.05), and then self-reputation (β=.211, t=2.081, p<.05), followed by social awareness (β=.198, t=1.758, p<.05), and self-awareness (β=.180, t=1.313, p<.05) successively. Based on this finding, it was recommended that the management of Federal Road Safety Corps in Benue State Sector should explore ways of improving the personnel's emotional intelligence deficit which may enhance succees and improve their mental health.

Psychoeducation of the Nigeria Population on Knowledge of Substance Abuse, Drug Addiction and Regular Medical Check-Up Zakariah, Danladi; Akafa, Tensaba Andes; Akafa, Vika Tensaba; Oladele, Gloria Omonefe; Iseko, Kingsley Iyoko; David, Izam Emmanuel; Ujah, Oche Williams; Gadin, Ndentang Ira
African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v1i1.4078

This paper aims to enhance psychoeducation among the Nigerian population regarding substance abuse, drug addiction, and the importance of regular medical check-ups. Substance abuse and drug addiction are significant contributors to various medical health conditions and mental disorders within the Nigerian populace. Many of these conditions could potentially be prevented or managed effectively if early detection of abnormal neurotransmitter changes in the brain was facilitated through routine medical examinations. This study highlights the alarming scarcity of knowledge and poor attitudes towards substance abuse, drug addiction, and regular medical check-ups in Nigeria, as evidenced by empirical data from psychiatric research. Such deficiencies hinder individuals from making informed health decisions and recognizing risk factors associated with unhealthy lifestyles. According to the World Health Organization, as well as the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), substance abuse and drug addiction are classified as diseases that require treatment, akin to conditions such as diabetes, cancer, heart disease, and HIV. In light of this, the paper calls on the government, as well as the management of healthcare institutions, clinical psychologists, and other healthcare professionals, to prioritize intensive psychoeducation initiatives. These initiatives should focus on raising awareness about the dangers of substance abuse and drug addiction, as well as preventative measures. Moreover, the government and health institutions should collaborate with philanthropists to establish more psychiatric hospitals and rehabilitation centre, providing testing equipment and medications at subsidized rates across all healthcare levels. This would enable individuals struggling with substance abuse and addiction to access necessary services, gain insights into their health status, improve their overall well-being, and alleviate the catastrophe financial burdens faced by their families and loved ones. In conclusion, this paper emphasizes the urgency of addressing these issues and provides actionable recommendations for creating a more informed and supportive environment for those affected by substance abuse and addiction.

Unpacking the Pain: Understanding Barriers and Unmet Needs of Adults with Low Back Pain in a Southern Nigeria Outpatient Clinic Muoghallu, Obianuju Iheomamere; Mark, Akaninyene; Akafa, Tensaba Andes; Oladele, Gloria Omonefe; Iseko, Kingsley Iyoko
African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 2 No 1 (2025): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v2i1.4610

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a prevalent health issue leading to functional disability in adults. This study aimed to evaluate the barriers to care and unmet needs of adults with LBP and functional disability attending the General Out-Patient Clinic (GOPC) at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Akwa Ibom State. The goal is to enhance quality of life by reducing disability and LBP burden through prevention, addressing barriers, and fulfilling unmet needs. Key barriers identified include limited access to healthcare, high out-of-pocket costs, inadequate insurance coverage, and a lack of understanding of LBP and self-management strategies. Methodology: Conducted at the GOPC, this cross-sectional analytical study involved 370 adult patients (18+ years) using systematic sampling. Data collection spanned two months, employing an interviewer-administered semi-structured Oswestry lumbar disability questionnaire. Analysis utilized IBM SPSS version 27, with frequency tables for pain patterns and chi-square tests to assess associations between body mass index (BMI) and LBP severity. Results: The mean age of respondents was 40.2 years. LBP was significantly linked to low function, with the association strengthening over time. Most respondents were classified as obese (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m²), and 56.7% reported high pain intensity. Activities like lifting weights and sitting exacerbated pain for 70.3% and 66.2% of respondents, respectively. The median pain score was 52, with significant differences noted (p<0.001). Alcohol consumption was reported by 39.6% (p=0.005), while 72.2% did not smoke. Respondents with LBP were 1.70 times more likely to experience functional disability compared to those without. Conclusion: LBP is strongly associated with functional disability among adults. Unmet needs include limited rehabilitation access, inadequate education on LBP, and insufficient support for self-management. Addressing risk factors, implementing multi-modal pain management strategies, and enhancing health education are essential for preventing functional disability.

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