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All Journal Al-Zayn: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial & Hukum jle
Fegita Maharanny
Universitas Lampung
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

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Konstruksi Hukum Penyelesaian Sengketa Alternatif melalui Mediasi dalam Sengketa antara Konsumen dan Pelaku Usaha Fegita Maharanny; Regita Surya Prameswari; Yulia Kusuma Wardani; Rohaini
Al-Zayn: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Hukum & Politik Vol 4 No 3 (2026): 2026
Publisher : Yayasan pendidikan dzurriyatul Quran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61104/alz.v4i3.6190

Abstract

Perkembangan hubungan antara konsumen dan pelaku usaha dalam era modern seringkali menimbulkan sengketa akibat ketidakseimbangan posisi para pihak. Penyelesaian sengketa melalui jalur litigasi dinilai kurang efektif karena memakan waktu, biaya tinggi, serta prosedur yang kompleks. Oleh karena itu, mediasi sebagai bagian dari alternatif penyelesaian sengketa (APS) menjadi solusi yang lebih efisien dan fleksibel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konstruksi hukum mediasi dalam sengketa konsumen serta mekanisme pelaksanaannya berdasarkan ketentuan hukum di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mediasi telah memiliki landasan hukum yang kuat melalui berbagai regulasi, seperti Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen, Undang-Undang Arbitrase dan APS, serta Peraturan Mahkamah Agung tentang prosedur mediasi. Selain itu, Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen (BPSK) berperan penting sebagai mediator yang aktif dalam membantu para pihak mencapai kesepakatan yang adil. Namun demikian, masih terdapat kelemahan, seperti fragmentasi pengaturan, ketimpangan posisi para pihak, serta lemahnya kekuatan eksekutorial hasil mediasi di luar pengadilan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan regulasi dan mekanisme pengawasan agar mediasi dapat memberikan kepastian hukum dan perlindungan yang optimal bagi konsumen.
The Professional Zakat Calculation System in Indonesia Nunung Rodliyah; Fegita Maharanny
Journal of Law and Economics Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Yayasan Kawanad

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56347/jle.v4i2.304

Abstract

The professional zakat (income zakat) calculation system in Indonesia is stipulated by two authoritative sources: the Indonesian Ulema Council (Majelis Ulama Indonesia/MUI) Fatwa No. 3 of 2003, which states that professional zakat is calculated based on net income (after basic needs are deducted) annually; and the National Zakat Agency (Badan Amil Zakat Nasional/BAZNAS) Decree No. 1 of 2024, which stipulates that professional zakat is calculated based on gross income monthly and annually. This divergence presents a fundamental problem in the application of professional zakat in Indonesia. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the professional zakat calculation system from the perspective of both MUI and BAZNAS. This study employs an empirical-normative legal research method. Primary data were obtained through interviews, and secondary data were collected from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, all analyzed qualitatively. The results indicate that professional zakat in Indonesia can be calculated from either net income (by deducting essential living expenses such as food, clothing, shelter, dependents’ needs including healthcare and education, and then paying 2.5% zakat if it reaches the nisab equivalent to 85 grams of gold annually), or from gross income (by paying 2.5% zakat at the time of income receipt, provided it meets the monthly nisab of IDR 6,859,349.00 or the annual nisab of IDR 82,312,725.00).
Co-Authors Nunung Rodliyah Regita Surya Prameswari Rohaini Rohaini Yulia Kusuma Wardani