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Dose-Dependent Association Between Pancasila Student Profile (P5) Curriculum Exposure and Civic Engagement Among Indonesian Secondary School Students Arya Ganendra; Delia Tamim
Enigma in Education Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Enigma in Education
Publisher : Enigma Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61996/edu.v4i1.124

Abstract

The Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila (P5; Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project), a defining component of Indonesia’s Kurikulum Merdeka introduced in 2022, was designed to cultivate civic values and participatory dispositions among secondary students through interdisciplinary, project-based learning, yet large-scale quantitative evidence on its association with measurable civic engagement remains scarce. This cross-sectional study evaluated the association between P5 exposure intensity and civic engagement among Indonesian secondary school adolescents, controlling for established sociodemographic confounders. A stratified cluster sample of 312 students (Grades 10–12) was recruited from 18 public and private, urban and rural secondary schools across five Indonesian provinces. Civic engagement was measured with a 25-item instrument adapted from the IEA International Civic and Citizenship Education Study framework (Cronbach’s α = 0.84; composite 0–100; high engagement ≥ 65). P5 exposure was classified as high, moderate, or low from school-level participation scores. Multivariable binary logistic regression identified independent predictors of high civic engagement. Civic-engagement scores increased monotonically across exposure groups (low 49.1, moderate 61.0, high 72.3; ANOVA F(2,309) = 86.85, p < 0.001; η² = 0.36; Cohen’s d = 2.04 for high vs low). High P5 exposure was independently associated with markedly increased odds of high civic engagement (adjusted OR = 17.12; 95% CI 3.82–76.74; p < 0.001), as was each unit of continuous participation (OR = 2.44; 95% CI 1.71–3.48; p < 0.001); the model showed good fit (AUC = 0.82; Nagelkerke R² = 0.41). In conclusion, these findings provide early large-scale quantitative evidence that P5 exposure is robustly associated with stronger civic engagement, supporting high-fidelity, equitable national implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum.
Forging Digital Pathways to Prosperity: A Mixed-Methods Inquiry into Digital Literacy, Community Entrepreneurship, and Sustainable Development Goal Attainment in Rural Indonesia Grace Olivia Silalahi; Delia Tamim; Sandro Louise Oliveirra; Abdul Malik; Muhammad Faiz
Indonesian Community Empowerment Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Indonesian Community Empowerment Journal
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/icejournal.v5i2.47

Abstract

The proliferation of digital technology presents a monumental opportunity for economic development, yet its benefits remain unevenly distributed, particularly in the rural regions of developing nations like Indonesia. This study investigates the critical role of digital literacy as a catalyst for community entrepreneurship, and its subsequent impact on achieving Sustainable Development Goal 1 (No Poverty) and Goal 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth). A sequential explanatory mixed-methods design was employed across three diverse rural regencies in Indonesia. The initial quantitative phase involved a multi-stage cluster survey of 525 rural entrepreneurs, with data analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test hypothesized relationships. The subsequent qualitative phase comprised 30 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with entrepreneurs and community leaders, selected purposively from the quantitative sample. Interview data were analyzed using rigorous thematic analysis to explain and enrich the statistical findings. The PLS-SEM analysis revealed that digital literacy has a significant, positive direct effect on both entrepreneurial intention (b=0.451, p<0.001) and entrepreneurial performance (b=0.382, p<0.001). Entrepreneurial performance, in turn, was a strong predictor of progress toward SDG 1 (b=0.523, p<0.001) and SDG 8 (b=0.610, p<0.001). Qualitative findings identified three core mechanisms facilitating these relationships: (1) the use of digital platforms as a gateway to expanded markets, (2) the vital role of informal, peer-to-peer social networks in digital skill acquisition, and (3) the translation of individual entrepreneurial success into community-wide economic benefits through local job creation and value chain development. In conclusion, digital literacy is a foundational capability that directly empowers rural entrepreneurs, driving local economic performance and accelerating progress toward key SDGs. These findings underscore the necessity of moving beyond infrastructure-centric policies to holistic strategies that cultivate digital skills through community-based learning and support the integration of digital tools into local enterprises.
Comprehension as the Gatekeeper of Valid Surgical Consent: A Cross-Sectional Medicolegal Analysis of 320 High-Risk Indonesian Surgical Patients Mustafa Mahmud; Cinthya Callathea; Yi-Fen Huang; Delia Tamim
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v3i2.249

Abstract

Background. Documented consent without demonstrable comprehension is medicolegally insufficient, yet comprehension-based informed consent (IC) failure in collectivistic surgical populations is largely unquantified. Methods. This study was a cross-sectional assessed IC efficacy among 320 consecutive adults undergoing high-risk elective surgery (ASA physical status III–IV) at Private Hospital X, Palembang, Indonesia, in 2024, reported per STROBE. Six instruments standardised to 0–100 were administered, including the IC Comprehension Score (ICCS) and the five-domain composite IC Efficacy Score (ICE); adequacy was ICE ≥ 70. Exact intervals and permutation tests, effect sizes, areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve recovered from Mann–Whitney U statistics, E-values, fragility indices, standardisation and a partial-identification audit were added. Results. Only 19 of 320 patients (5.9%, 95% CI 3.6–9.1) achieved adequate IC efficacy, below both published comparators reporting an explicit adequacy proportion (exact binomial P < 0.001 versus 14.0% and versus 35.8%); standardisation to lower-education distributions reduced this to 2.74–3.79%, so 5.9% is an upper bound. Adequacy rose monotonically across educational strata from 0.0% to 13.3% (exact Cochran–Armitage z = 3.66, P = 0.0003; tertiary versus secondary education or below, odds ratio 8.27, 95% CI 2.36–29.00; E-value 14.29; fragility index 8). ICCS was the only independent predictor in an exploratory multivariable model with 2.71 events per variable (odds ratio 13.75 per SD, 95% CI 3.32–56.92), an association partly constitutive because comprehension is one ICE domain. Neither family influence nor collectivism predicted adequacy. Conclusion. Comprehension, not cultural collectivism, gates valid surgical consent.
The Future of the Firm: A Comparative Institutional Analysis of Transaction Costs in DAOs versus Traditional Corporations Benyamin Wongso; Caelin Damayanti; Muhammad Faiz; Anies Fatmawati; Aylin Yermekova; Delia Tamim; Dais Susilo; Danila Adi Sanjaya; Gayatri Putri
Enigma in Economics Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Enigma in Economics
Publisher : Enigma Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61996/economy.v3i2.94

Abstract

The emergence of Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs) presents a fundamental challenge to the traditional corporate form, which has dominated economic organization for over a century. Built on blockchain technology, DAOs propose a new model for coordinating economic activity. This study addressed the critical question of institutional efficiency by applying the lens of Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) to compare DAOs and traditional corporations. A comparative institutional analysis was conducted using a mixed-methods approach. We employed a multiple case study design, analyzing two representative DAOs and two analogous traditional corporations from Q1 2023 to Q4 2024. Data collection involved the systematic analysis of archival records, including 215 DAO governance proposals and corporate filings, and 32 semi-structured interviews with key participants. A novel analytical framework was developed to categorize transaction costs into ex ante (search, bargaining) and ex post (monitoring, enforcement), further distinguishing between 'on-chain' and 'off-chain' costs. The study revealed significant trade-offs between the two organizational forms. Traditional corporations exhibited high ex ante bargaining costs (legal, negotiation) and ex post monitoring costs (managerial overhead), but benefited from established legal frameworks that reduced enforcement uncertainty. Conversely, DAOs significantly lowered specific transaction costs through automation via smart contracts, particularly in on-chain bargaining and enforcement for codified tasks. However, DAOs incurred substantial, often hidden, new transaction costs related to off-chain social coordination, governance participation, and navigating legal ambiguity. This was termed the 'Governance Overhead Paradox'. In conclusion, DAOs do not represent a universally superior organizational form but rather a new point on an institutional possibility frontier. They are highly efficient for tasks that are global, permissionless, and computationally verifiable. Traditional firms retain advantages in contexts requiring complex, subjective decision-making and legal certainty. The future of the firm is likely not a replacement of one form by the other, but a pluralistic ecosystem where hybrid models emerge.