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Evaluation and Characterization of Caryophyllene Nanoemulsion Preparations from Clove Oil (Syzigium aromaticum) Eriska Agustin; Whilly Martavinus
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/zz7g4329

Abstract

The clove plant (Syzygium aromaticum) is a plant from the Myrtaceae family. Clove plants can be found in various countries, including Indonesia. The contents of the clove plant have been studied to have beneficial pharmacological effects, one of which is the caryophyllene content in the clove plant which has antioxidant, antibacterial, etc. activities. This research aims to create a formula and evaluate the physical characteristics of a karyophyllene nanoemulsion preparation from clove oil. The method for making nanoemulsion preparations is made into three formulas with varying concentrations of karyophyllene compounds as active substances, namely F0 (0%), F1 (0.5%), and F2 (1%). Evaluation of the preparation includes organoleptic tests, pH tests, particle morphology tests, stability tests, and nanoemulsion globule size tests. The results showed that the nanoemulsion preparations of caryophyllene compounds F0, F1, and F2 had globule sizes of 82 ± 1.45 nm, 95 ± 2.67 nm, 89 ± 1.46 nm on day 1, while on day 28 the globule sizes were 99±2.87 nm, 116±2.56 nm, and 121±1.56 nm. The nanoemulsion preparation is clear white, semi-thick, and has a distinctive aroma. The morphology of the nanoemulsion globules is spherical and homogeneous. All three nanoemulsion formulations demonstrated good physical stability, as indicated by the absence of precipitation, phase separation, and turbidity, as well as pH values within the acceptable range for nanoemulsion systems, despite a slight increase in globule size observed over the 28-day storage period.
Antioxidant activity and formulation evaluation of Morinda citrifolia L.leaf ethanol extract nanoparticles incorporated into moisturizing gel Eriska Agustin; Ranti Ayu Anjelina; Yola Yernianti
Sasambo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): April
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/sjp.v7i1.679

Abstract

Skin is continuously exposed to environmental stressors such as ultraviolet radiation and pollution, which trigger the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to oxidative stress, premature aging, and skin damage. Therefore, the development of topical antioxidant formulations from natural sources has become increasingly important. This study aimed to develop nanoparticles of Morinda citrifolia L. leaf ethanol extract and incorporate them into a moisturizing gel, followed by evaluation of their physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity. The extract was prepared by maceration using 96% ethanol, while nanoparticles were synthesized using the ionic gelation method with chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate. Particle size, polydispersity index, morphology, and antioxidant activity (DPPH method) were evaluated. The nanoparticles exhibited sizes below 200 nm with a uniform distribution (PDI< 0.3). The optimized formulation showed the smallest particle size (FIII=77.5±6.36 nm) and good stability. Antioxidant activity increased after nanoparticle formulation, with IC₅₀ values decreasing from 182.4±2.26 ppm (extract) to 145.4±6.89 ppm (FIII), indicating moderate activity. The gel formulations showed good physical stability and acceptable viscosity, although pH values were below the ideal skin range. The moisturizing test demonstrated significant improvement in skin hydration. In conclusion, nanoparticle incorporation enhanced antioxidant and moisturizing performance, indicating potential for topical applications.