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All Journal Legal Standing : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Hukum Responsif : Jurnal Ilmiah Fakultas Hukum Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati Cirebon UNES Journal of Swara Justisia
Teuku Ahmad Dadek
Universitas Syiah Kuala
Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Pertanggungjawaban Negara Atas Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Oleh Pejabat Pemerintahan (Onrechtmatige Overheidsdaad) Dalam Sistem Hukum Administrasi Indonesia Kurdi; Dio Ashar; Teuku Ahmad Dadek
UNES Journal of Swara Justisia Vol 10 No 1 (2026): Unes Journal of Swara Justisia
Publisher : Program Magister Ilmu Hukum Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/4jn4tp50

Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis konsep dan mekanisme pertanggungjawaban negara atas perbuatan melawan hukum oleh pejabat pemerintahan (Onrechtmatige Overheidsdaad) dalam sistem hukum administrasi Indonesia. Sebagai negara hukum yang mengadopsi model welfare state, intervensi pemerintah yang ekstensif dalam kehidupan warga negara menimbulkan risiko sengketa akibat tindakan yang merugikan. Secara historis, penyelesaian Onrechtmatige Overheidsdaad mengalami dualisme yurisdiksi antara Peradilan Umum (berbasis Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata) dan Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara (PTUN). Lahirnya Undang-Undang No. 30 Tahun 2014 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan (UU AP) dan Peraturan Mahkamah Agung (PERMA) No. 2 Tahun 2019 telah mentransformasi konsep Onrechtmatige Overheidsdaad dan memindahkan kewenangan mengadilinya secara absolut ke PTUN. Penelitian hukum normatif ini menemukan bahwa, pertama, konsep Onrechtmatige Overheidsdaad telah berevolusi dari parameter perdata (kepatutan) menjadi parameter hukum publik yang terkodifikasi, utamanya melalui pelanggaran Asas-Asas Umum Pemerintahan yang Baik (AUPB) dan larangan penyalahgunaan wewenang. Kedua, meskipun mekanisme prosedural (upaya administratif dan gugatan PTUN) telah tersedia, mekanisme pertanggungjawaban riil khususnya pemberian ganti kerugian masih bersifat ilusi. Hal ini disebabkan oleh tiga problematika utama: beratnya beban pembuktian kerugian di pengadilan, kekosongan hukum mengenai mekanisme eksekusi paksa (non-executable) terhadap aset pemerintah, dan rendahnya kepatuhan pejabat
TRANSFORMASI PENEGAKAN DUE PROCESS OF LAW DALAM TAHAPAN PENYIDIKAN DI INDONESIA: ANTARA PERLINDUNGAN HAK TERSANGKA DAN EFEKTIVITAS PENEGAKAN HUKUM Kurdi; Adery Ardhan; Teuku Ahmad Dadek
Legal Standing : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Legal Standing
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24269/ls.v10i1.12833

Abstract

This study examines the legal problem of the transformation of due process of law at the investigation stage in Indonesia, where the protection of suspects’ rights continues to conflict with the effectiveness of law enforcement. Normatively, the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) adopts the Due Process Model, yet in practice the Crime Control Model remains dominant, creating a gap between das sollen and das sein. This research employs a normative legal research method through statutory, doctrinal, and case analysis to assess suspects’ rights and oversight mechanisms during investigations. The findings reveal that the right to legal assistance under Articles 54 and 56 of the KUHAP is still weakly implemented, contributing to the persistence of torture to obtain confessions. Internal and external oversight mechanisms have also proven suboptimal. A significant shift emerges from Constitutional Court Decision No. 21/PUU-XII/2014, which expands pretrial review to include suspect determination, searches, and seizures. Normatively, the study concludes that strengthening due process of law requires legislative reform by institutionalizing the Commissioner Judge as a proactive judicial supervisor.
THE AUTHENTICITY OF VOICE RECORDING EVIDENCE IN THE ERA OF AI VOICE CLONING: A REEVALUATION OF WIRETAPPING EVIDENCE METHODS IN CRIMINAL CASES Kurdi; Maydika Ramadani; Teuku Ahmad Dadek
Hukum Responsif Vol 18 No 1 (2027): Vol 18 No 1 February 2027
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33603/responsif.v18i1.12470

Abstract

Background. The development of artificial intelligence (AI), especially Voice Cloning technology, poses new challenges in the criminal justice system in Indonesia. Voice recordings that have been used as eavesdropping evidence are vulnerable to questions about their authenticity because AI technology can reproduce a person's voice with a high level of similarity. Aims. This study aims to analyze the mechanism for testing the authenticity of wiretapping recordings when the Defendant submits an exception that the recording is the result of AI-based Voice Cloning and to analyze the fair distribution of the burden of proof between the Public Prosecutor and the Defendant in proving the authenticity or falsity of the digital voice. Methods. The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach, a case approach, and a conceptual approach. Result. The results of the study show that the provisions in Article 184 of the Criminal Procedure Code, Article 235 of Law No. 20 of 2025 concerning the Criminal Code, Article 5 of Law No. 1 of 2024 concerning the Second Amendment to the ITE Law, and the Constitutional Court Decision No. 20/PUU-XIV/2016 have not provided a mechanism for testing the authenticity of electronic evidence that is adaptive to the threat of AI Voice Cloning. Implementation. This study recommends establishing a nationally standardized AI-based forensic audio protocol and implementing a balanced burden of proof that remains grounded in due process of law and the principle of presumption of innocence.
Co-Authors Adery Ardhan Dio Ashar Kurdi Kurdi Maydika Ramadani