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Synthesis of Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Nypa fruticans for Coating Metformin on Zn-Based Metal-Organic Framework Nanohybrid as a Bionanocomposite Drug Delivery System Delviani, Delviani; Maharani, Viola Giary Rizkillah; Shadrina, Putri Nur; Warni, Tri; Azizah, Regina Wan; Tarigan, Indra Lasmana; Latief, Madyawati
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 29, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Diabetes is a common and rapidly spreading disease that affects 6.6% of the world’s population. Metformin hydrochloride (HCl) is an effective oral pharmacological treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients because of its capability to reduce glucose levels and the risk of hypoglycaemia. However, gastrointestinal sensitivities to this drug can cause diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting and stomach ache. An alternative is controlled release technology by coating metformin with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and zinc-metal-organic framework (Zn-MOF) through the encapsulation method. Therefore, this study aimed to coat metformin formulations using CMC in a Zn-MOF to control release into the body and minimise the side effects related to doses. The results showed that CMC/metformin@Zn-MOF encapsulation had a controlled blood sugar lowering effect and stable healing effectiveness even at a low concentration of 1:10 of local metformin. In vitro, the released concentrations from local metformin tablets and CMC/Metformin@Zn-MOF were 199.50 ppm of 500 ppm and 42.182 ppm of 50 ppm, with release percentages of 39.90% and 84.364%, respectively. This study found that metformin masking using CMC and Zn-MOF maximally produced a modified release formula along the intestine by reducing the concentration to increase tolerability in lowering blood sugar effectively for T2DM patients with minimal side effects.
Analisis Aktivitas Imunomodulator dan Antiinflamasi Senyawa Bioaktif Fraksi Daun Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) Secara In Silico: Analysis of Immunomodulatory and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Bioactive Compounds of Sungkai Leaf Fractions (Peronema canescens Jack) In Silico Maharani, Viola Giary Rizkillah; Delviani, Delviani; Latief, Madyawati; Tarigan, Indra Lasmana
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 7 No. 4 (2025): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v7i4.2481

Abstract

The immune system recognizes and responds to various pathogens to protect the body. An imbalance in the immune system can lead to uncontrolled inflammation that causes inflammation. The discovery of new agents as immunomodulators and anti-inflammatories is very important in the search for effective drugs for long-term use. Sungkai is a plant with immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. The purpose of this study is to predict the potential of compounds in sungkai that act as immunomodulators and anti-inflammatory through an in silico approach with molecular docking method. Based on the results of molecular docking of test ligands with COX 1 anti-inflammatory receptor in the form of prostaglandin H2 synthase-1, the best ligands were obtained in the form of 3?-acetoxy-6-nitrocholest-5-ene, Squalen, Quercetin and Apigenin with binding free energy (?G) values of -12.48; -8.26; -8.09; and -7.95 kcal/mol, respectively. Meanwhile, between the test ligands and the IL-6 immunomodulatory receptor in the form of Human Interleukin-6, the best ligands were obtained in the form of 3?-acetoxy-6-nitrocholest-5-ene, Apigenin, Quartzetin and Squalen with binding free energy values (?G) of -5.80; -5.05; -4.70; and -2.81 kcal/mol. Keywords:          Immunomodulator, Anti-inflammatory, In Silico, Sungkai   Abstrak Sistem kekebalan tubuh merupakan bentuk pengenalan dan respons berbagai patogen dalam melindungi tubuh. Ketidakseimbangan sistem kekebalan dapat menyebabkan inflamasi tidak terkontrol yang menimbulkan peradangan. Penemuan agen baru sebagai imunomodulator dan antiinflamasi sangat penting dalam pencarian obat  efektif untuk penggunaan jangka panjang. Sungkai merupakan tumbuhan dengan efek imunomodulator dan antiinflamasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memprediksi potensi senyawa dalam sungkai yang berperan sebagai imunomodulator dan antiinflamasi melalui pendekatan secara in silico dengan metode molecular docking. Berdasarkan hasil molecular docking ligan uji dengan reseptor antiinflamasi COX 1 berupa prostaglandin H2 synthase-1 diperoleh ligan terbaik berupa 3?-acetoxy-6-nitrocholest-5-ene, Squalen, Kuarsetin dan Apigenin dengan nilai energi bebas pengikatan (?G) masing- masing -12.48; -8.26; -8.09; dan -7,95 kkal/mol. Sedangkan antara ligan uji dengan reseptor imunomodulator IL-6 berupa Human Interleukin-6 diperoleh ligan terbaik berupa 3?-acetoxy-6-nitrocholest-5-ene, Apigenin, Kuarsetin dan Squalen nilai energi bebas pengikatan (?G) yaitu  -5.80; -5.05; -4.70; dan -2.81 kkal/mol. Kata Kunci:         Imunomodulator, Antiinflamasi, In Silico, Sungkai
Synthesis of Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Mangrove Nipah (Nypa fruticans) as Vitamin C Coating for Drug Delivery System Delviani, Delviani; Maharani, Vioala Giary Rizkillah; Shadrina, Putri Nur; Ali, Noha; Tarigan, Indra Lasmana
Chempublish Journal Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Chempublish Journal
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/chp.v8i1.31722

Abstract

Vitamin C is one of the substances needed by the human body which acts as an antioxidant that effectively overcomes the effects of free radicals that damage cells in the body, but vitamin C has properties that are easily oxidized so that innovation is needed to coat (encapsulate) vitamin C in the form of capsules as a drug delivery system. One polymer that can be used for vitamin C encapsulation is cellulose. The cellulose content can be found in the skin and nipah fruit and then synthesized into carboxymethyl cellulose as a vitamin C coating. The microencapsulation method was carried out by mixing 3 g of carrageenan-CMC mixture with variations in the ratio of 1:0; 1:0.5 and 1:1 (%b/b). The encapsulated small beads were made in 200 mL of 2M KCl-CaCl solution by extrusion technique. The microencapsulant was then drained and continued with the crosslinking stage using Glutaraldehyde (GA) 1%. In this in vitro oral simulation study, the encapsulation ratio that produced the best treatment with the highest percentage of drug solubility in the intestine was the ratio (1:0.5), followed by (1:1) and the smallest (1:0) with percentage values of 15.42; 14.06; and 1.67 percent, respectively.