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C Colonization of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. on rice and its impact on nymph mortality and fecundity of brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stí¥l): Kolonisasi cendawan entomopatogen Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) pada tanaman padi dan pengaruhnya terhadap mortalitas nimfa dan keperidian wereng batang coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stí¥l) Hendra, Yolma; Trizelia, Trizelia; Syahrawati, My
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 20 No 3 (2023): November
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.20.3.203

Brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stí¥l, is a significant pest widely recognised for its detrimental impact on rice production. Biological agents, such as the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill., can effectively control this pest. B. bassiana, known for its endophytic abilities, colonises various plant tissues. This research aims to assess B. bassiana's colonosation capacity on rice plants and its impact on nymph mortality and BPH fecundity. Four isolates of B. bassiana (BbWS, Pb211, Td312, and BbJg) were used, each with conidial density of 108 conidia/ml. The application menthod involved soaking rice seeds in the fungus for 24 hours. The results showed that all B. bassiana isolates could successfully establish as endophytes within rice plants, colonising all tissue parts, with leaves exhibiting the highest fungal colonisation at 58%. Seed soaking with B. bassiana reduced eggs hatching by 23.88% and increased nymph mortality by 40%. The presence of B. bassiana in rice tissue also influenced BPH adults fecundity. Notably, the BbWS isolate demonstrated the most significant effectiveness in elevating nymph mortality and reducing BPH fecundity.

Effectiveness of Dose and Application Interval of Ocimum sanctum Essential Oil as Bactrocera spp. Attractant on Siamese Orange Plants Amri, Lutfir Rahman; Arneti, Arneti; Reflinaldon, Reflinaldon; Syahrawati, My
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman Vol 8 No 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.8.2.88-98.2024

Fruit flies (Bactrocera spp.) are the most detrimental pests on siamese orange fruit (Citrus nobilis Linnaeus). One technique to control fruit flies that are safe for the environment and do not cause residues on plants is the use of attractants. The research aimed to study the effect of dose and application interval of basil essential oil for fruit fly control on Siamese orange plants. This research was conducted in citrus plantations of Gunung Omeh District, Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia, and Insect Bioecology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas. The study used a separate plot design consisting of doses of basil essential oil as the main plot and application intervals as subplots. The observed variables were species and the population of fruit flies. The results of observations found Three species of fruit flies, namely Bactrocera dorsalis, Bactrocera carambolae, and Bactrocera umbrosa, were successfully trapped during the observation with the highest number of catches of 278.33 individuals/trap, 15.33 individuals/trap, and 2.67 individuals/trap, respectively. Basil essential oil with a dose of 1.5 ml and an application interval of 3 days proved to be the most effective combination in trapping fruit flies compared to other doses and intervals. These results indicate that basil essential oil can be a potential alternative attractant in managing fruit fly populations on Siamese orange plants

VIRULENSI EMPAT ISOLAT Beauveria bassiana Bals. Vuill TERHADAP WERENG BATANG COKLAT (Nilaparvata lugens Stall.) Hendra, Yolma; Trizelia, Trizelia; Syahrawati, My
Agros Journal of Agriculture Science Vol 24, No 2 (2022): edisi Juli
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Janabadra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37159/jpa.v24i2.1985

Wereng batang coklat atau WBC (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) merupakan hama penting yang menyebabkan rendahnya produksi tanaman padi. Pengendalian hama ini dapat dilakukan dengan pemanfaatan agens hayati. Salah satunya cendawan entomopatogen Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mempelajari virulensi empat isolat B. bassiana terhadap WBC. Penelitian disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari empat isolat B.bassiana yaitu: BbJg, BbWS, Pb211, Td312 dan kontrol. Konsentrasi B. bassiana yang digunakan adalah 108 konidia/ml. Data yang didapat diolah dengan menggunakan sidik ragam atau analisis of variance (ANOVA), dan dilanjutkan dengan uji LSD taraf nyata 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa solat BbWS memiliki virulensi tertinggi dengan mortalitas nimfa (78,67%) dengan LT50 5,45 hari. Isolat B. bassiana mempengaruhi jumlah imago WBC terbentuk isolat BbWS 21.33%. Virulensi B. bassiana terhadap WBC dipengaruhi oleh jenis isolat dan sumber isolat yang digunakan.

Sub-lethal Competition of Joint Predators (Pardosa pseudoannulata and Menochilus sexmaculatus) when Predating Nilaparvata lugens at Different Densities Siregar, Riza Wardani; Syahrawati, My; Arneti, Arneti; Hamid, Hasmiandy
CROPSAVER Vol 6, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v6i1.42864

Pardosa pseudoannulata and Menochilus sexmaculatus are two predators of the brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens, Hemiptera: Delphacidae) in rice fields. The research aimed to determine the predation and the competition model of P. pseudoannulata and M. sexmaculatus on different BPH densities. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) factorially. The first factor was the difference in predator species (P. pseudoannulata, M. sexmaculatus, and a combination of predators P. pseudoannulata + M. sexmaculatus), and the second was the difference in N. lugens density (0, 30, 50, and 70 individuals). The treatment was repeated in 4 repetitions. The parameters observed were predatory and competitive behavior, predation rate, body weight gain, and competition model. The research showed that P.pseudoannulata was more aggressive in finding and catching prey than M. sexmaculatus. The more prey provided, the higher the predation rate of the two predators. The combination of them as joint predators has increased the pressure on BPH and the predation rate, although it was still below its potential. Sub-lethal competition occurred between the two predators; it did not affect P.pseudoannulata but affected the behavior and reduced body weight of M. sexmaculatus. The competition between the two predators was not influenced by BPH density but by the intensity of meeting time. Both as joint predators in rice fields are safe and beneficial for BPH control.

Does competition between Pardosa pseudoannulata and Menochilus sexmaculatus reduce the predation rate on brown planthopper? Septriani, Utari; Syahrawati, My; Arneti, Arneti
CROPSAVER Vol 6, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v6i2.51131

Pardosa pseudoannulata and Menochilus sexmaculatus are classified as natural enemies of the brown planthopper or BPH (Nilaparvata lugens). This study aimed to determine the effect of differences in density on mortality and their predation rate in suppressing the BPH population. This study used a completely randomized design of 15 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of different densities of two predators (1, 2, and 3 individuals). The variables observed were predator mortality, predation rate, competition between predators, and competition behavior. The results showed that competition between predators at different densities was not directly related to predator mortality and the predation rate of joint predators. Predator density tended to increase the predation rate, especially on M. sexmaculatus (R=0.894), while the density of P. pseudoannulata and joint predators was moderate (Rpardosa=0.587, Rjoint=0.522). M. sexmaculatus won the competition when its population increased. Equal competition occurred in the composition of 1 P. pseudoannulata and 3 M. sexmaculatus (P1M3); in this composition, no deaths were found due to competition, with the predation rate reaching 86.7%. Cannibalism dominates intraspecific competition between individuals of P. pseudoannulata, while interspecific competition occurs between the two species, causing sub-lethal effects.

Daya Predasi dan Tanggap Fungsional Kumbang Unta (Ophionea nigrofasciata) pada Beberapa Kepadatan Wereng Batang Coklat (Nilaparvata lugens): Predation Rate and Functional Response of Camel Groundbeetle (Ophionea nigrofasciata) on Several Densities of Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) Nasral, Tre Julia; Syahrawati, My; Liswarni, Yenny
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2020): June 2020
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.4.1.11-20.2020

Camel groundbeetle (Ophionea nigrofasciata Schmidt-Goble 1846) or CGB is reported as one of predators of brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal 1854) or BPH. The difference in BPH densities is assumed to affect the predation rate of the CGB. This study aimed to determine the predation rate of CGB on BPH at different densities. This experiment used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of six treatments and five replications. The treatment consisted of predation of one CGB at several BPH densities (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 individuals). BPH used was second-third instar of nymphs, and the CGB used was female. The results showed that the predation rate of CGB increased with increasing BPH density with functional response types classified as type I (Linear). The highest predation occurred at 50 density (23.6 individuals or 47.2% of BPH provided). The difference in density of BPH did not affect the bodyweight gain of CGB and tended to decrease due to different prey-seeking behavior. Keywords: Nillaparvata lugens, Ophionea nigrofasciata, predation, predator

Bahasa Indonesia: english Syahdia, Elfitri; Syahrawati, My
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.4.2.82-90.2020

Misuse and overuse of insecticides by farmers in controlling the brown planthopper or BPH (Nilaparvata lugens), such as over-spraying, over-doses, and mixing more than two insecticides in one application, caused many environmental problems, including resistance. This study aimed to measure the resistance rate of BPH from Payakumbuh Sub-district, West Sumatera Province against BPMC (buthylphenylmethyl carbamate) insecticide. This study used a complete randomized design that consisted of 5 treatments and 5 replications. The treatment was carried out at different concentrations: 0.5 recommended concentration (0.5 ml/l), 1 recommended concentration (1 ml/l), 1.5 recommended concentration (1.5 ml/l), 2 recommended concentration (2 ml/l) and control (without insecticide). The results showed that the higher dose of insecticide, the higher mortality of BPH nymphs. The number of nymphs that succeed to becoming adult decreased when the dosage of insecticide used was increasing. Based on the resistance ratio, the BPH from Payakumbuh is still susceptible to BPMC insecticide. The LC 50 and LC 95 were 0.97 and 2.09 ml on the first day after the application. Keywords: Brown planthopper, resistance, BPMC, mortality, lethal concentration

The Environmentally IPM Package for Controlling Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Maize Field Yurina, Nova; Syahrawati, My; Arneti, Arneti; Busniah, Munzir
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.7.1.55-64.2023

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a pest control method that combines several control techniques by considering ecological, economic, and sociological consequences. Management efforts with IPM principles can be conducted by cultivating healthy plants and entomopathogen application. This study examined the IPM package's success for controlling fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in maize field. This research was conducted in a farmer's maize plantation in the West Pasaman District from August to December 2021. The study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) which consisted of three treatments and five replications. The treatments were different cultivation techniques using IPM, Non-IPM, and control. The variables observed were the population of S. frugiperda (individual/plant), attack rate (%), attack intensity (%), cob weight (g/cob), and farming cost (IDR). The results showed that the IPM and Non-IPM maize cultivation techniques had no different effect on S. frugiperda, especially survival stage, attack rate, intensity, and yield. However, this effect was higher than the control. In addition, the economic benefits of cultivation with IPM were higher than non-IPM. Therefore, this IPM package can be recommended for controlling S. frugiperda because it is also economically profitable and environmentally friendly.

Virulence of Five Isolates of The Entomopathogenic Fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae, Against Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) Trizelia, Trizelia; Rahma, Haliatur; Syahrawati, My
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.7.2.127-133.2023

The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) is one of the main pests of rice plants. This pest attack can cause crop failure or puso. Biological control of this pest can be carried out using the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae. The ability of this fungus to control pests is influenced by the source of the isolate. The purpose of this study was to obtain isolates of M. anisopliae, which is virulent to N. lugens. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) in six treatments and five replications. There were five isolates of M. anisopliae used and one control. M. anisopliae was applied to nymphs and adults of N. lugens with a concentration of 108 conidia/mL. The research revealed that all M. anisopliae isolates tested were virulent against N. lugens nymphs and adults. The most virulent isolate for the two stages of BPH was Met3B, which was collected from the leek rhizosphere. The isolate caused an adult mortality rate of 52%, nymph mortality of 60% in 10 days after application, and adults formed after application was only 37.33%.

Effectiveness of Dose and Application Interval of Ocimum sanctum Essential Oil as Bactrocera spp. Attractant on Siamese Orange Plants Amri, Lutfir Rahman; Arneti, Arneti; Reflinaldon, Reflinaldon; Syahrawati, My
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.8.2.88-98.2024

Fruit flies (Bactrocera spp.) are the most detrimental pests on siamese orange fruit (Citrus nobilis Linnaeus). One technique to control fruit flies that are safe for the environment and do not cause residues on plants is the use of attractants. The research aimed to study the effect of dose and application interval of basil essential oil for fruit fly control on Siamese orange plants. This research was conducted in citrus plantations of Gunung Omeh District, Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia, and Insect Bioecology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas. The study used a separate plot design consisting of doses of basil essential oil as the main plot and application intervals as subplots. The observed variables were species and the population of fruit flies. The results of observations found Three species of fruit flies, namely Bactrocera dorsalis, Bactrocera carambolae, and Bactrocera umbrosa, were successfully trapped during the observation with the highest number of catches of 278.33 individuals/trap, 15.33 individuals/trap, and 2.67 individuals/trap, respectively. Basil essential oil with a dose of 1.5 ml and an application interval of 3 days proved to be the most effective combination in trapping fruit flies compared to other doses and intervals. These results indicate that basil essential oil can be a potential alternative attractant in managing fruit fly populations on Siamese orange plants

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