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All Journal Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences
Halleyantoro, Ryan
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Veterinary

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GENOTYPING OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII IN CEREBRAL AND OCULAR TOXOPLASMOSIS Mayashinta, Dearikha Karina; Halleyantoro, Ryan; Sari, Ika Puspa; Kurniawan, Agnes
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (280.022 KB) | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.08.03.02

Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoon, spread world-wide and capable of infecting birds and mammals. Genetic information on T. gondii type that causes human toxoplasmosis is limited. In this study, genetic analysis of SAG2 locus was used to determine the genotype of T. gondii from cases with cerebral and ocular toxoplasmosis in Indonesia. Genotype determination was done directly on the clinical samples. A number of 28 cerebrospinal fluid and 8 vitreous humor positively infected with T. gondii, underwent PCR-RFLP to classify each isolate into one of three genotypes of T. gondii. Type I was the most common found suggesting that cerebral and ocular toxoplasmosis in Indonesia is mostly caused by type I strain of T. gondii. 
PROTOZOA OPORTUNISTIK PENYEBAB ENSEFALITIS DAN KERATITIS: ACANTHAMOEBA Halleyantoro, Ryan; Kalumpiu, Jane Florida; Wijaya, Meiliyana
Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

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Abstract

Acanthamoeba merupakan kelompok protozoa free-living amoeba (FLA) yang dapat menimbulkan mortalitas tinggi terkait ensefalitis dan kebutaan karena keratitis. Infeksi Acanthamoeba pada manusia dari tahun ke tahun menunjukkan peningkatan jumlah kasus, khususnya sebagai keratitis. Patogenesis Acanthamoeba sebagai penyebab ensefalitis masih belum dipahami sepenuhnya namun, berdasarkan temuan histopatologi kemungkinan melalui jalur transendotelial, rete vasorum, maupun kombinasi keduanya. Patogenesis terjadinya keratitis oleh Acanthamoeba akibat infiltrasi pada epitel kornea hingga menembus stroma di bawahnya yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan dan memicu peradangan hebat. Kemampuan Acanthamoeba untuk beradaptasi di lingkungan dan mengandung bakteri endosimbion memengaruhi patogenitas dan resistensi terhadap agen terapeutik. Penegakkan diagnosis melalui gambaran klinis didukung isolasi Acanthamoeba melalui pemeriksaan mikroskopis atau kultur atau molekuler yang cermat sangat penting untuk pemberian terapi sedini mungkin. Penatalaksanaan infeksi Acanthamoeba meliputi pemberian antimikroba kombinasi. Diagnosis dan terapi dini yang tepat dapat menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas akibat infeksi protozoa ini. Kata kunci: Acanthamoeba, ensefalitis, free-living amoeba, keratitis DOI : 10.35990/mk.v8n1.p82-94
In vivo assay of Gigantochloa apus shoot extract as biolarvicide for myiasis-causing fly larvae Sadana, Aqsa Aufa Syauqi; Istiadi, Hermawan; Halleyantoro, Ryan; Muniroh, Muflihatul
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i4.16307

Abstract

The use of synthetic insecticides in treating myiasis is associated with adverse side effects and potential disruption of metabolic systems, prompting interest in natural alternatives. This study investigated the in vivo larvicidal efficacy of Gigantochloa apus bamboo shoot extract, formulated as a spray gel. Twenty-five Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: a negative control group, a positive control (ivermectin), and 3 treatment groups receiving of 1%, 3%, and 5% G. apus bamboo shoot extract. Myiasis was induced by introducing fly larvae into standardized wounds. Treatments were applied topically twice daily for 32 hr, and larval mortality was assessed every 8 hr. Phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and hydrogen cyanide, all of which are known for their larvicidal, neurotoxic, and antiproliferative properties. The 5% extract group showed the highest mortality rate (100%) at 32 hr. The LC50 and LC95 values were determined at 1.43% and 6.01%, respectively. Compared to the standard ivermectin treatment, the 5% extract demonstrated a shorter lethal time and more rapid larval death. Morphological examination revealed darker abdominal segments in the dead larvae, indicating a potential interaction with the digestive tract. These findings indicate that G. apus bamboo shoot extract has potential larvicidal activity and can be an effective natural alternative for treating myiasis.
Co-Authors Agnes Kurniawan Hermawan Istiadi Ika Puspa Sari Jane Florida Kalumpiu, Jane Florida Mayashinta, Dearikha Karina Muniroh, Muflihatul Sadana, Aqsa Aufa Syauqi Wijaya, Meiliyana